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Volume 2 , Numb er 6
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Januar y 1 9 68
I
I ND IANS SCORE VICTORY IN S PECIAL S ESS ION
A major l e gislative · triumph for Maine I nd ians r e su l ted from last-minu te
ac tion b y the S e c ond Spe c ial S ession of the 1 03rd Le gisl ature , which eonve ned
f or three we e ks this month .
S aved from the ver ge of death, L . D: 1858 was
signed into l aw b y Governor Kenneth N. Curtis on January 26th, author izing a
June 1 7 , 1 9 6 8 state -wide re fer e ndum on the issuance of bond s in the amount of
$38l�,ooo for "c onstru c tion and moder nization of ·school fac il itie s at the three
I nd ian r e servations11 and to 11construct water and se wage f acil ities at Ind ian
Township Reserva tion in Prince tonn .
(S ee Page s·l 6-1 8, this issue , f or a de
tail ed acc ount of the b il l 's histor y and passage . )
Origina l ly inc luded in G ov. Cur tis ' pr oc lamation to the S e c ond Special
Se ssion, the f und s ob tained from approval of the b ond issue next June would
be d ir e c ted to the Depar tments of Education and Indian Affairs.
With $ 249 ,000
the Dept. of Educa tion wou ld constru ct one c lassr oom and an al l -pur pose , l ib
rar y-c afeteria area at the Pe nobsc ot and Peter Dana Point schools, and two
c l assr ooms and an a l l -purp ose , librar y-cafe teria f ac il ity at the Pleasant Point
s c hool .
(One additional c l assr oom for Peter D ana Point was author ized ear l ier
by the Le gisl a ture . )
Purpose s of these educational improveme nts would b e to c or r e c t prese nt
over-crm-1ded c l assr oom c onditions, al l ow kind er garte n pr ograms to be star ted,
pr ovide night stud y facil ities for stude nts and adults, and replace existing
unsatisf actor y kitc he n-c afe ter ia arr ange ments.
As a r e su l t of exp anded spac e ,
the pre se nt high te ac her-pupil r atios c a n be l owered, acc ord ing to Education
Commissioner t7il l iam T. Logan, Jr .
r.Jith $ 135,000 the Dept. of I nd ian Affair s,· ·working through the alread y
operating I ndian Township Passamaquoddy Reservation Housing Au thor ity, wou ld
be ap�e to app l y for 70% Fe der al fund s for the construc tion of water and sew
age facil itie s f or that par t of the Township Reservation l ocated near Prince
ton.
Pre se nt sanitary and housing fac ilities in that l ocation are the worst
of any on the three Reservations; suc h sanitary f ac il itie s wil l be e ssential
for the deve l op me nt of the ne H housing pr ograms the Tribe desires in that area .
I n spe aking in suppor t of the b ond issue b il l , as he d id several time s
during its arduous r oad thr ough the Le gislature , Gover nor Cur tis state d :
" I f state gover nment - and I me an the legislative a s we l l a s
�xe cu tive brenc he s - is going to repre se nt itse l f a s concerned
about the educ ation of our young, I . don't see how we can ignore
the disma l pl ight of our I nd ians , not only be cause they have to
atte nd the poorest school s in our state , but because the y a l so
l ive under the mos t tr ying c ir cumstances possible .11
'11le Gover nor further pointed out that since the U . s. Civil �ights Commission
d e termined last summer that Indian r ights are not being infr inged upon, "we
can procee d with a pr ogram of d eve l op ment on the ir three rese rv ations. "
(The
Commission had determined that operation of the school s on the 3 Re serva tions
did not viol ate the Civil Rights Act.
Ed . )
•
�(2 )
D EMOCRATIC PARTY QUES TIONAIRE D I S TRIEUTED
The Naine D emo cr a t i c Par t y r e c e nt ly d i s t r ib u t e d i t s 1 9 68 Pla t form Que s
t io nair e to t he general pub l i c .
In t e nded as "an a t t e mpt
to ob t a i n a wide
range o f vie ws o n t he i mpor t a nt i s su e s fac i ng our S t a t e and Na tion" on t he
par t o f t he 19 68 Democr a t i c Pla tform Commit tee , t he que s t ionair e con tains
s e c t ion s on s uc h topi c s as Edu ca t i o n , Eco no mi c Deve lopme nt , Na tur a l Re s our c e s ,
Labor , Hea l t h & We l fare - and Ind i an Affair s .
C o pie s o f t he que s t ionaire may be r e �ue s t ed from t he Maine De mocr a t i c
Par ty, 2 7 7 L i s bon S tr e e t , Le wi s ton , Ma ine 0424 0 .
The New s l e t t er her e r e pr i nt s
t ho s e que s t ions per t a ining to Ind i a n Affair s , w i t h the t houg ht t ha t readers
mi ght l i ke t o submi t t he ir r e ac t ions t o t he Par ty .
I ns truc t io ns accompanying
t he que s t ionaire ind i ca t e t ha t as many, or a s fe w , que s t ions may b e a nswered
a s a n ind iv idu a l de s ir e s .
Add i t iona l c o mme nt s on any s ub je c t are s o lici ted .
Re s pons e s may be s i gned, or no t , as an ind iv idu a l d e s ire s .
Her e ar e t he que s t ion s l i s t ed und er t he Ind ian Affairs s ub-heading• Any
r e ader wi s hi n g t o submi t an s wer s or comme n t s to t he s e que s t ions s hould send
t he m d ir e ct ly to t he Maine D e mocra t i c Par ty , at t he above - l i s ted addre s s .
•
•
•
I ND IAll AFFAIRS
1.
Sho u ld t he S ta t e -admini s tered e l e ment ary s c ho o l s o n Maine ' s t hree (3 )
Re s erva t ions be br ought up t o t he phys i c a l and educ a t ion a l s t andard s
ex pe c t e d of o t her Maine publ i c s choo l s 7
2.
S ho u l d s pe c i a l i ze d vo cat ion a l training, adu l t educ a t ion and e mployme nt
c ounse l l i ng pro gr a ms be i ni t ia ted for Maine 's Pas samaquoddy and Pe nob s co t
Tr i ba l memb e r s , t o a s s i s t i n i mproving the e conomic cond i t ions o f ind iv
i d ua l s and t he �e s ervat i on commun i t i e s 7
3.
Do y o u fe e l
Re s erva t ion
Re s erva t io n
s id i ze fro m
4.
S hou ld t he Mai ne S t ate Depar t me n t o f I nd i an Affairs be s ta ffed and fund ed
s o a s t o enab l e it to as s i s t t he trib e s in reachi ng admin i s t r a t ive ind e pen
d e nc e as soon a s po s s ib le ?
5.
Do you fe e l t ha t pl an s and programs s hould b e de s i gned so t ha t fund s and
aut hor i ty c a n be ex t e nd e d d ire c t ly t o t he Pas s amaquoddy and Penob s c o t
Tr ibe s (r a t her t ha n t o t he D e par t me nt of Ind ian Affa i rs ) a s r apidly as
t r ib a l org a ni za t i o n per mi t s 7
6.
T;Jhat fur t he r s te ps s hould b e t aken to i ncre a s e s e lf-government and economi c
s e l f- s uffic i en cy among Maine Ind i an s ?
7.
Ple a s e no t e � in ord er o f i mpor t an c e , what you b e l ieve are t he mo s t i mpor t ant
a c t i o ns t he 1 04t h Le gi s lature could take to i mprove Mai ne I nd ian Affair s .
t hat S ta t e mat c hing fund s s ho uld be made avai lab l e to t he
communi t ie s to make po s s ib l e sani t a t io n, hou s ing and o t her
impr ove me nt progr ams , whi c h t he Fe der a l governme nt can s ub
5 0% - 70%?
Nm7
BRUNS WICK IND IANS ORGANIZE
A mee t ing of r e pr e s e nt a t iv e s fro m t hree Mal i s e e t Re s erve s in New Bruns
w i c k r e c e nt ly , may have s par ked w ha t t hey.hope w i ll b e a Uni on o f Ne w Brunswic k
I ndi a ns .
At t ending t he c o nference wer e Chi e f D a n Atwi n and Counc i l l or Wal t er Paul
of the King s c le ar Re s erve , Chi e f Haro ld Sappi e r and Councillor s Willard Paul
(Co nt inued on Page 4)
�- 3 E
EDITOR:
EUG
�I
D
I
0
T
R
A
L
S
(ThOM.S ) THOMfSON
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be subraitted to the Newsletter for publication
following address:
at the
Pine Street
Freeport,
04032
865-4253)
Maine,
(Telephone:
Letters to t1e
'!;ditor are welcome but must confar
required by every newspaper.
They must bear the
1
to the
rules
rrit8r1s correct name
and address although pen names must be signed thoush names will be with
held from publication on request.
Preference will be given to letters
not over .350 1;1ords in length.
Letters are subject to condens�_tion or
editing ··when space limitations require dnd to correction of grahll1'Bl::"
or obvious errors.
x
x
x
x
COMiiENTS BY
The February issue
on
·
Indians.
x
x
·rHE EDITOR
f Cavalier magazine will contain an article
The Penobscot Tribe is mentioned,
1967,
Nov,
as well as my brother
The article was written by Alan R.
illiam Thomas.
Letter,
x
3)
p.
I saw the issue
Le1.10nd
(See
�ews
associate editor of Cavalier.
1hile in New York at Christ . ...:1s tii::e,
and I might
add that the content of the article goes alittle deeper thaR Cavalier
usually seem9
to.
x x x
AG.HN
C.!iLL
Since last summer several Newslett.:r readers have sto:Jped in to see me,
only to find
I
\'laB
Some called back but several were
not at home.
passing through the state and could not.
I was sorry to miss talking
with these peorle too.
I
arn
Nelfare,
after
a social worker for the
at
6 at
180
(Maine)
Department of Health and
Middle Street in Portland.
night and on weekends,
Usually
I
am
at home only
but even this is not alwc.ys the case,
so the best ·�ay to contact rue would be to telephone fir�t and set a time.
So,
Indians,
I
if you ·vill try again
or whatever you have
be
will
glad to t
11-.: with you about
in ruind.
x
x
x
�UEbTIONS
!
Surveys
A
and reports are always being made on the
Indians and
opinions a�e al�ays being made as how to solve the Indian problems
in Maine,
and at ti�es it still is clear very little is then ever done
to remedy the situation.
I�would�say that
is ccming to realization at long last,
progress in some areas
but nevertheless
research needs to be done and more specific,
be
given
to the following questions.
I think more
factual answers need to
(Cont'd on page
5.)
�(4 )
NET·7 BR UNS\HCK
( Continue d. fro m Page 2 )
•
•
•
•
and Alvin Atwin of the Oromocto Re s er ve .
Acting as l i a i s on for the Tob i que
Re ser ve ..;·1as Mr . And r e w Ni c ho la s o f 11as hwaaks i s .
Pro bl ems a ffe c ting mo s t o f the r e s er ve s wer e d i s cu s s e d and a l l agreed
hou s ing was hi gh on the l i s t.
It was unan imous ly de c id e d that a gener a l
invitation b e s e n t to a l l New Bruns wi c k Ind ians invi tin g them to attend the
conference on the e s tab l i s hment of the propo s ed Un ion of Hew Bruns 1:·1ick Ind ians .
(From The Indian Ne ws , Ottawa , On tar io , December 1 9 6 7 )
PAS SAMAQUODDY SANITATIOU APPLICATIOHS F I LED
·
On January 1 9th appl ications from the Ple a s ant Point and Ind ian Town ship
Passamaquodd y Re s e r vation Hou s ing Author ities were filed w i th the re gional o ffi ce
o f the Economi c D e ve lo pmen t Admini s tration , in Portland , fo l lo wing mee tings
of b o th Author itie s on the 1 6th and 1 7th.
The s e important do cuments are re quests for 70% Federal fund ing of the
c o s ts of con s truc tion of s e wa ge and water fac i l itie s on both Re s ervation s b ad l y ne eded for e xi s ting hou s ing, and e s s enti a l for any n e w hous ing d ev e l op
The remainin g 30% of con s truction c o s ts has already been appr o pr i ated
ments .
by the S ta te , to be trans ferred to the Hou s in g Authorities when the Federal
money b e come s ava i l ab le .
Chair man Geor ge S teve n s , Jr . , of the Indian Towns hi p Author it� , and Chair
man Eu gene F ranc i s , of the P l e a s ant Point Author i ty , s i gned the applications
Pr ior to this action , each Author ity had met with its re s pe c tive
for the fund s .
Tr ib a l Counc i l for a general d i s cu s s ion of the appl ic ation and r e lated hous ing
Inc lud e d with the appl ication s to the E . D . A. were �aps outl ining a
plan s .
tentative Re s ervation deve l opment plan , which received initial approva l from
the Tr iba l Counc i l s .
F und s obtained from the F e deral government, as we l l as tho s e appropr iated
b y the S ta te for sewage and water con s truction , wil l be admini s ter ed d ir e ctly
by the two Hou s in g Author i ti e s , and all pro gram decis ions wi l l b e made b y the s e
two fiv e -member bod i e s .
"Wi lderne s s Kingd o m:
BOOK REVIEW
The Journa l s and Pain tings o f F a ther Ni colas Po in t"
The ho l i day s e ason has produced a number of '1bi g books " b u t few ar e a s
impr e s s i ve as thi s one , pub lished b y Ho l t , Rinehart & T.Jins ton .
Pub l ication
of this huge $ 1 7 . 9 5 boo k has re s cued from near -ob l i vion the valuab le impr e s s i ons
in word s and pic ture s - o f a man who s aw an important part of our ear ly h i s tory .
F a ther Po int was the diar i s t and r e c order of a smal l Je s u i t mis s ion to
the Ind i an c ountr y o f the Roc ky Mountains , Idaho . and Montana , between 1 840
and 1 84 7 , a per iod when on ly a fe w white trad e r s had r e ached the are a .
He wrote about Ind ian custo ms , camps , huntin g , med i c ine and witchcraft,
As an untrained painter , he pre s er ved
the ir b e l ie fs and the ir tr iba l war s .
in many mini a tur e s the i ma ge s of the Indians he met and the ir way s o f l i fe .
Hi s favor ite s wer e the F l athe ad s , but he a l s o b e came ac quainted wi th
He s tudied not
Couer s d ' Al e ne s , Blackfoot, Crows , Ne z Pe rce s and other s .
on l y the peo pl e but the fl ora and fauna o f the terr i tory he vis i te d .
F a ther Point was a c cntempor ary of the Amer i can painter George Catlin ,
and whi l e l e s s s kil l ed as an arti s t , he has re cord ed many s cenes that o ther
Hi s journ a l and i ts il lu s trations wer e a l mo s t for
wis e wou l d have b e e n l o s t .
in a Je suit ar chive near Montr eal until the y were r e d i s covere d by a
gotten
Thi s journa l is an important item for anyone intere s te d in
Je s u i t s cho l ar .
(From the Maine Sunday Te l e gr a m , 1 2/2l�/ 6 7 , by Norman F ournie r
Amer ic an Indian s .
�- 5 -
(QUEST IO 1Sl Cont'd frou1 page 3)
('11 Questions refer to Indians living on Reservations in haine. )
1. How many children leave school before 'ntering hish school? Jhy?
2. How many leave while in high school before gr· duation? �hy?
3.
How does this compare gith Indians all over the U.S.?
�ith other
people living in Maine?
4.
How does the lifes· an of the Indi�n in lraine co@pare with other U.S.
Indians?
Cor.1Jared to other citizens living in -"i<"'.ine?
5.
How �any eligible
Unefilployed?
6.
�
•
are full tiwe er ployed?
·fay?
eiployed?
ll
Vhat is being done to preserve Our Indian ·culture in Faine?
Is it
necessary that some of our Most authentic Indi�n reminders of
-
the � past
be sold to colleges,
( Even
as Florida?
museums and individuuls as far
when sowe tribal iteL.ls
to one library a fe v years ago,
7
-art ti�e
"dha t can be done about it?
court action to get this
hy do
•
8.
�V h a t
it's been notetl. )
-_re the u1ost prevalent
do soi· e re!Jain on the
polluted waters,
ii
.:..nd disec..scs y;resent on the
afflictions
such c.s he .. rt,
he.-:.ring proble ns,
These ar&
:lhy
�hy do others return upon retire�ent?
- eserve_ tions,
about the
a�ay
by an individual
the tribe rms unable even through
·aterial b�ck,
Indians leave the Reservations?
reservation?
•."1'ere sold
venerec.l,
lune;,
cancer,
blindness,
petigo and other skin irr it·-.tions
frohl the
etc.?
the questions most often asked hle by people inquiring
Indians liere in Maine,
facts availuble and
but for the most part there are n�
I am not about to guess.
Someone asked me recently
what.
the
Indians were doing for themselves.
He stated thut all he ever heard was what the
else to do for them.
I
Indians wanted soilleone
wonder what your reply would have
been.
LETTERS
( The
o
foll wi ng two letters are in answer to the letter by Helen
re_printed in the December Newsletter from the Brm1B�lick-Bath,
Ross,
Record, Nov. 14, 1967.
Times
-Ed.)
Dear Editor:
I'm �vriting to you in rep;ard to the letter Belen Hoss wrote in
the Decer.iber Newsletter about Don Gellers and
the Indians.
Don is 0orking for tue
I would like to point out a few f�cts.
ABd as far as working for himself,
doing his utmost.
and he
He does not get woney from the Indi�ns or their
entirely untrue.
Indians,
is
this
Trust Fund,
e
is
but
fro
nough to get by on;
different organizations.
therefore,
And this cloney is not
he takes other ca.;es,
too,
in order to
li v e reason abl y.
Don Gellers knows �ore about the FassaLlaquod�y Indians and their
1/ashington County residents and perhaps more than
A f:,OOd portion of i/ashington County
anyone else in the United States.
proble ms than most
residents have alwnys been discriminating against the Indi�n vhether he
w�s a Passama q uo u <l y or an Indian from some· other tribe.
on County,
And although he is a compar�tive newcomer t� Washingt
Don ha s
peeple
Some
doDe more for the Indians than others have ever done.
in �ashington Gounty have done nothing for the Indian except to
I'm not talking about all of the County, but
snicker at him.
laugh or
the shoe fits, ve�r it.
if
( Continued
on page
6)
�(I,et·cers ccint 'd
from page
- 6 5)
for Helen � oss' old adage about being j� ge<l by t e company
you
there is also one that goes like this:
"A r.1an 's home is his
castle," and what he wants to do in that "castle" is
his o n business!
I also have numerous friends who are negro, iexican, Ger an, Spanish,
Turkish, Japanese, Italian, French, Polish, Korean, .'ustralian,
keep,
As
Canadian,
white, and Jewish.
I have associated with these people at
one time or another.
So wh�t does that �ake me?
I don't know how some people judge me and I really don't care.
All
I care about is what my friends think of me.
And I have few enemies in
the States (except for a few prejudiced people).
This is still Free
America,
and I will keep co .�ny with anyone I choose.
The plight of the
assamaquoddy people are being made known all
over the United States and Canada, also a fe� foreign countries.
This
is being done through the efforts of peo1le who are very concerned
·about us:
Don Gellers, Edward Hinckley, Nilliam H. ¥illiamson,
Andrea Schermer, Mrs. Peabody, Dr. Willard Walker, the VISTA's, the Maine
Indian Newsletter, and various other people and organizations.
I can name quite
I know Don C.
instances where Indians were discriminated
few
a
have been printed already in various newspapers.
these cases
But
against.
Gellers personnally and I know
concerned about the Indians.
reople
Some
the Indians
known to say that "tie is• just getting
riled up
Also some one had to get them
the City of Machias during
anyone
riled up."
But some
when Christopher Columbus came over.
I wish we had him
one has to.
that he is genuinely
from w/ashington County have
when they helped to defend
the Revolutionary
!ar
(and I don't think
complained about riled-up Indians then - except mayb-e the
British).
Sincerely,
Morris Brooks
Tribal Council �efilber
Passamaquoddy Tribe
Rrinceton,
(A
copy of the
original ,
following
letter was sent to the Newsletter, while the
it is presumed was sent to
Dear Editor:
Referring to
contained in the
Maine
x
x
x
x
-�d.)
the Times-Record.
the slander, hy�ocrisy and glaring misinformation
letter of
Ross,
Helen H.
(Ti�es-Record,
Nov.
14, 1967)
as one of our prominent Democratic Farty noruinees for President,
of
the
1920's, was famous for saying, "Let's look at the record." (Al Silith)
Helen Ross says, it's true that the �leasant faint Indi&ns are
political voice, pointing 9ut that, �hey have a
and implying that, her long time res�dence and
activity in the County has made her acquainted with that fact.
The truth is:
The Indians were interested in, informed how to, and
urged to form, the Reservation Democratic Committee by Mr. Gellers.
kept
without effective
They
had no such organization before
Democratic Committee,
didn't,
if Mr.
will
inform
Gellers
confirm
you that there would
I
am sure.
In a recent Washington County,
Superior Court
the
or deliberately
Committee
Frqneis Sapiel
as will all four other members of the Reservation
Democratic Committee,
of indictments
Ross failed to,
gotten this one off the ground.
hadn't
this,
this.
still be no such Reservation
Maine Superior Court,_ action a number
against Passamaquoddy Indians were
Justice
for the
reason
dishlis0ed by the
that no Indians were
included in
This was effective politicql voice?
Although Congress, in 1L924, gave all Indians full citizenship,
page 7)
(Cont'd
Jury
List.
�- 7 (Letters Cont'd from p.
�ine didn't
until
1955,
6)
get around to giving the Passamaquodjys the right to vote
and even then, deliberately omitted'the printing of that
section of the ballet
permitted
the
legislature.
(delivered to the Reservations) which would have
Indians to vote for a representative to the �·.'aine
The Indian Representative they were permitted to vote for
had no voice and no vote there.
Can
Ross tell you when the
This was effective political voice?
Indians were permitted to vot'e for a representat.
1965,
the saw.e as Naine's other citizens?
gave them the right to vote?
No.
ten years .:...fter
Eleven years after?
lhe
1966.
matter of fact they had no proper ballots as late as
having an effective
No!
Legislature
As a
This is
a long
and as Ross implies - for
political voice,
time?
Helen Ross may in fact be a long-time resident of dashington County,
but her monumental ignorance of our inhabitants and the social inequality
practiced upon them,
fifty years,
or forced upon them,
leads me to believe that my
my father's three-quarters of
a
century,
not to wention my
grand father and great grand parents being local residents,
give me
a
is likely to
slight advanta.,e in knowing the treatment accord�d our
long-time neighbors,
the Passamaquoddys.
to let sleeping dogs lie.
hoped the problem
We know the
would solve itself,
reason to believe th-_t the
of life if educated,
jobs far afield.
that there
a .
we have been content
and the State did give us every
Indians would
doled out
Locally,
Indians were there but we kind-of
just fade into the mainstream
bare subsistence,
and forced to seek
T.e fact that no white man took the time to understand
.Jas a problem,
only points up the fact that our residents
were supre 1ely tolerant of the
Indians to the point of co1iiplete
indifference.
Mr.
Helen Ross &lso i plies that perhaps you were more concerned with
Gellers than the
Indians,
but fbr the record it is certainly apparent
that she was more interested in slander by innuendo and misinformation
by distortion than in concern her facts.
long-ran;!·e vie
reporters
on.
/
Even in her reQark about the
from Cumberland and Sagadahoc,
were so
she implies that these
far from this area they couldn 1 t know what wl.s going
She failed to inform you that,
Mr. Williamson at least,
reporters spent a great deal of time in this area,
intervieving people,
one of the
on several occasions,
watching what was transpirin� in the Courts,
and
thus his view of events was certainly a great deal closer and clearer
than Helen's.
None of these protestations,
that nothing is '¥ron ,
distortions of truth and arguments
nothing has been wrong,
the Indians are happy,
are going to convince either the Indians, or
those who are genuinely concerned for their welfare that everything is
now fine.
Even the long-time residents who would like you to believe
this are finding their own vords ringing hollowly in their ears.
they h2ve all their rights,
It has taken me some time to cooe to write you to set this matter
straight,
first,
because
I did not believe that your readers were
gullible enough to swallow such remarks in the face of recent factual
articles
you have carried,
r·e vived in the Maine
and second because now the matter has been
Indian Newsletter,
I now feel impelled to set the
matter straight before there is even wider circulation given a�d somehow
peopl.e come to believe through repetition.
You know, if you tell any
big lie often enough it will pick up believers.
Very truly yours,
Charles A. Lewis
.
East po rt, Maine
(LETTERS,
Cont'd on page
8)
�- 8 LETT�RS , C on t 'd from page 7 )
D e ar Editor :
B�bara ( Ke nd a l l) an d I hav e b o t h b e e n honored b y being asked
to be me iiib e rs of t he In dian C ommun it y Ac t ion Frogrc-m C omwi t t e e .
If you s t il l hav e c opie s , you may be gin the s ub s crip t ions wi th t he
i s s u e c on t aining t he le t t e r from He l e n H. Ros s maliging Don G e l l ers .
Mrs . R os s s e e ms t o b e misguid e d in he r v ie ws on Don - a11d as for
G ov . C urtis l abe l lin g him " c on t rov e rs ial" - I wou ld rat he r be "c ontro v e r
s ia l" t han " z e ro".
All n e w c ome rs to 1./ashing t on C oun t y are looke 1..l upon wit h s us pic ien
a n d e s pe c ially s o if t he y que s tion the ill o tiv e s and t raditional at titud e s
o f t he "Bs tab lis hme n t . 1 1
•
•
•
S in c e re ly,
Virginia Po t t l e
Pe rry , !'Jain e
B o t h t he s e s ub s c ripti o n s are non - Indian but pro - Indian . )
(P.S .
x
x
x
x
D e ar Edit o?:' :
Havin g re ad your artic le in t he Ba t h-Bruns wic k (fv1e . ) Time s -Re c ord,
0 f lfo v
14 ' 19 6 7
As my la t e fa ther Samu e l G e orEe C o l s on , born in 1861 and d ie d 1934,
his mothe r C hris t in e G . Le ight on C ol s on b orn 1829, die d 1902 was a £ull
b l o o d e d Indic::n from the Pe n o b s c o t Trib e at Old T own , J\:ain e .
I we n t p e rs onal l y up t o s e e C hie f Po o law or ( Gre y Wo lf) in 1960
and he v e rifie d my lat e fa t he r ' s mother b e ing a full b lo od e d I ndian
100%, and s a id my fat he r c arrie d t he n ame of (white Hors e ) and he ,
C hie f Poo l aw or Gre y Wo lf , had me t ake t he oot h a s I won t e d to be a
m e mb e r of his trib e and he gav e me the t i t me of my lat e fa t he r ' s name
(Whit e Hors e ).
I hav e b e e n t o Indian I s land at Old Town , haine (2) t wic e s in c e
1959.
Now , if pos s ib le , I would' like more inf ori:1ation, about t he Maine
Indians as I am v ery proud to b e of t hat b looR .
- I hav e in my p os s e s sion a pic t ure of Chief Gre y Wo lf (Foo lar) an d
Also his s igna t ure .
his famil y gav e it t o me in 1960.
My l a t e fat he r took me t o Main e e ver sin c e I wa s (6) years old and
n ow I am (67).
VJe s ure would appre c iate any Ne ws le t t e r. - }?a s t or pre s en t or
future on the Maine ren ob s c o t Tri b e mf Indian s
S in c ere ly yours ,
G e orge Leight on C o ls on
F ort Laude rdale , Florida .
•
•
•
•
•
•
x
x
x
•
•
•
x
D e ar S ir :
I am a memb e r of an e xperime ntal t he a t er group in Bos t on whic h is
�Ve have
c urre n t ly working with a t he me of the A,ueric an In dian .
b e c ome partic ularly iht e re s t e d in t he Indians of 0aine and would
'
appre c iate any ma t erial you oan .:>uggest d e s cribing t he ir his t ory,
c ul t ure , t ra di t i o n s , folklore , etc .
We are inte re s t e d in obtainin g a c opy of the b o o k "G lus kap t he
.
Liar and 0t h e r In dian T ale s " b y Hora c e P . Be c k whic h I saw a d v e rt is e d
i n your n e w s l e tt er, an d a s ub sc ription to t h e Haine Indian Ne ws le t t er .
S in c e re ly yours ,
Joan Mofe n s on
·
�- 9 LET1 -R':>,
Cont'd from -p.
8)
BUCKING THE ESTb.BLISEh_.NT
Logging Contracts Unfair
Dear Sir:
a Passamaquoddy Indian of Dana Point Reservation.
I bought a
tractor through F.H. A.
And I was trying to get a lo&ging contract
from the Indian Township.
But Roger Milligan the land a�ent and Froif.
I'm
craw
-
Randall of Orono - rouldn 't let ae cut.
I also ask Georgia and P2,cific
for a job and they turned me down.
So I'ill ask.in[ you to help us to get
a contract.
This is the only way we can suptort our fa�ilies.
I
-- ..
hired 2
ore men, t!:ey to have fa�ilies.
We Indians wc:�nt the same privilage to cut on our land, like the
-1hite wan and Georgia Pacific Co.
_ nytine
a white ;,ian wants a contract
from the Indian township,
they can get it.
But us Indians don't
have the sawe privilage, like they do, even though we ovm the land •
•
Je like to help ourselves,
all the tiLie.
families.
instead of de_ endin;s on the Indi ..
:.n agent
So I'm asking you to help us in order to support our
h!ld make a better home for them.
Sincerely yours
Albert Earnois
Dana Foint
··,e.
Princeton,_
('li'ditor 's note:
re uested by iir,
This lett�r was reprinted trom the
.Vi_gwa11 1Jeekly as
Harnois.
The Newsletter understands a sLnilar letter was sent to Gov.
Curtis.
Je hope t is matter does not get passed over.
The Ne:rnletter would like a statement from Roger Hilligan and
Prpff.
Randall regarding their authority over
Indian Township,
and
an ex�lanation of why every one but Indians can obtain persission to
use the land.
This situation has existed for years, but wost people
who are not· Indiah never hear of it.
This kind of rank prejudice should get the Indians riled up,
Helen Ross notwithstanding.
The Newsletter will have more on this next •aonth;
il.eanuhile we hope
our readers will inquire into this matter with us.)
x
Dear Mrs.
x
x
Thou11_,son:
nclosing a check
th�
x
for
$2 .00
enjoynent we get from the
which is a small payment in return for
Indian Newslettar.
We are Indians and operate a small shop of
Indicin Crafts of our
ff1aine Tribes and other Tribes.
Being able to �ake our own craits is a lucky thin� for us as
Indian work in
this area is getting more and more difficult to get.
�test of us
Indians in the business are hindered to soLle extent from
buying
from our people by
11 V/hite
Indian"
shops.
a
monopolizer in the trade Rho sells only to
Business is business,
but iJoney is green in any
man's language wouldn't you say?
I think it i,rnuld be nice to have an "Honest Injv.n" who could help
or represent the
Indian in theae matters.
Another gripe is the white Indian sho·iJs that advertise to the sky and
when you enter the shops find "so:Je}' Indian work stuck in a corner
a�e 10)
(Continued on
�- 10
-
and most w o r k mad e by Hong Kong Ind i ans , and not an Indian in sight
.
Please , I'm n o t a disagr e e able pe rson - just a i r ine o ff a l i t t le .
Ke e p up t he g o od w or k o n your pape r - r·1an y t l an_-s r o r L.:any p le asant
mome n t s .
S ince r e ly,
C h r is Nich olas
S e arspo r t , 1-:ai n e
(I a gr e e .
I hav e p lann e d for soi; e t ime t o r e :Jrint an i t e ru fr om t he
first i ssue of t h e Ne wsle t t e r (Au gust 1966 ) and t his se eu1s like an appr opr ia'
t im e . )
PROTECTION OF INDIHN 1RTS A.ND C RhFT
Pr o t e ct i on for eonsum e r s and pr oduce rs of Indi an and Eskimo A r t s
a nd C r aft s .
Wha t is the F e d e r a l Le gisl at i on:
The Act of C ongr e qs which cre at e d the Ind i�n A r t s and C r aft s Board,
spe cifie s as foll ows:
"S e c. 6 .
.Jho e v e r w i l lfu lly offe rs or d isplays for sale any go ods,
w i t h o r w i t ho u t any G ov e r nme n t t ra d e oar k, as Indian pr oducts or Indian
pr o duct s of a par t icu la r Ind ian t r i b e or group r esid e nt wi thin t he
Un i t e d S t a t e s o r t he T e r r i t o r y of Alaska , whe n such pe rson knows
such go ods a r e n o t Indi�n p r o d ucts or are n o t Indian �ro d uct s of t he
par t i cular Indi an t r i b e o r gr oup shall be fi n e d not raore t h an $500 or
imprisoned n o t � o r e t han si x mont �s or b ot h.
Ev i d e n�e of v i olat i on of S e ct i on 6 of t he Act shou�d b e dir e ct e d t o
t h e Indian Ar t s and C raft s Board, U . S . D e par t me n t of the In t e r i or,
Washingt on, D.C . 20240.
C ase s of Misr e p r e se nt �t i o n may also be r e �or t e d
t o t he F e d e ral T r a de C om.missi on, Pe nnsy lvania �v e nu e a t 6 t h S t r e e t ,
N.vv., ;.Jashingt on , D . C . "
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
�ome t ime a go the Ne wsl e tt e r r e ce i v e d t h e foll owing i t em se n t t o us
by C h i e f S t r ong Horse of t he Pue b l o and · t he Narra�ans�t T r i b e as he
t ho u g h t many of o u r Maine Indi ns w ould b e int dr e st �d; -�d)
"i l l iman t ic - C hi e f An t h o n y J. Tamar, 62, of 54 Jame s Rd . , ..Jindham (Conn.)
head of t he Algonq uin Indian t r ibe , die d Mondey (Sept . 4, 1967) at
.·JindharJ. Community 1e mor ial Bosp i t al .
He '.fas se r v i n g his se cond year as chie f of t1je Nort h Awe r ic n
Indian C lub .
C h i e f T o m e r b e ca�e a we ll-kn own figur e aft e r he made
se v e ral tPlev�sio n and r adi o a ppe a rances de scr i b i n� Ind i an cul t ur e ,
craf t s and ce r e Qonial dance s.
He was b or n i n Gre e nv i lle , Maine , and was e mp l o Y,ed a t PBa t t &
Whi t n e y A ircraft C o. un t i l his r e t i reme nt in 196l .
He was a me mb e r of
Owe be t uck G r ange , PofH, S o u t h •�in dham, communi can t of the Firs. t Bapt ist
Church and was a Wor ld War II v e �e r an.
He l eqve s his wife , Max ine Hobbs T ome r of Windham; fiv e daught e rs,
five sons, his mo t he r , Nrs Ka t h e r ine N. T ome r , Gr e e nv i l le , Maine ; t w o
b r o t he r s, Noe l T oLle r, Gr e e nv ill e , Mai n e a n d dilfr e d Tome r, Old T own,
Maine , t h r e e sist e rs, T'-'irs . C e l i a C o t e , t'!i lo, r•Ja ine , 1rs G e r aldine S olomon
of C anad a and Eiss Je nny T ome r , R o ckwo od, I1a in e and t hl:r t y grandchild r e n.
�
X
X
X
X
JC
X
X
�(11)
NffiJ :NDIAn L\GENT Aj?:--�r�. J'F"J BY PAS SA 1AOU DDY TRIBAL ('')'l'j JG _,s
. .
At last night 1 s joint m'=e":ing of the . Indi&r: "_ ·n· :.ip and I':\ , . �ant Point
Horace 11Bud11 reston was appointed by the two Ccuncils to
Tribal Councils,
serve as permanent Indian Agent for the Calais office.
During this meeting,
held at the Calais Indian office, Mr. Weston and another applicaat for the
job, Lawrence D. Fike, were interviewed by the Councils' members.
Indian
Commissioner Edward C. Hinckley conducted the meeting, but was not present
when the Councils voted on the appointment; thus marking the first time Indians
alone have been able to choose their own Indian Agent.
Attending the meeting from Indian To�mship 1·1ere Governor John Stevens,
Morris Brooks, Basil LaCoote, Pauline Stevens, Archie LaCoote, Joan Dana,
and VISTAs Bruce Thomas and John Larme.
(Attending from Pleasant Point were
Governor Joseph Mitchell, Lt. Governor Timothy Newell, Daniel Francis, Garfield
Holman, John Nicholas, Mary Sapiel, Mary Yann51l and Irene Lewey.)
Commissioner Hinckley opened the meeting at 8 P.M. by explaining the
employment requirements for a salaried state position such as Indian Agent.
Re stated that there were 8 applicants for the position who were 11rated by
the Examining Division of the Department of Personnel on the basis of experience
and education combined,
and assigned numerical scores.''
Commissioner Hinckley
then said that the three applicants having the highest scores were invited to
Applicants Mr.
this meeting to have interviews with the Councils' members.
Heston and Mr.
H.
Pike were interviewed at the meeting, but the third applicant,
Leon Andrews,
could not attend because he was in Florida.
Mr. �Teston, who has served as a temporary Indian Agent since Tony Kaliss
left the position, was the first of the two applicants to be interviewed by
Mr.
the Councils.
Pike was interviewed next, and then Commissipner Hinckley
left the meeting while the Councils discussed the applicants and voted on the
applicants.
All members of the two Councils appointed Mr. Weston •
(From the Wigwam Heekly,
Indian Township Reservation,
•
•
•
1 / 1 2 / 68 )
SPOTLIGHT:
INDIAN AGENT
by Richard Dana
Horace "Budn Heston, age
43, was appointed official Indian Agent for the
Passamaquoddy Tribe last night by the Tribal Councils of Indian Township and
Pleasant Point.
This is the first time an Indian Agent has been chosen by
the Indians themselves and not a state official.
Mr. Weston's employment record includes journalism work, public school
Englisp teacher, social worker, case worker, and before last night he was where
he will continue to be - the Calais Indian office - serving as �emporary agent
since Tony Kaliss left that position.
During his interview with- the Councils' members, Mr. !eston stated that
he has enjoyed his job of temporary agent and would plan to stay indefinitely
if he became permanent agent,
which he did.
Mr. �7eston spoke highly of the CAP program as a great road of success,
saying "Right now,
I don't know what we would do without it."
Mr. Weston said that perhaps one improvement that could come about would
be better communication between possible Indian employers ��d the Indians.
In
reply to a question of whether he would be willing to work with the Tribal
Councils,
Mr. Weston stated that he was "perfectly willing to work with anyone"
for the benefit of the Tribe.
Applicants for the Indian Agent position were evaluated by the state
Department of Personnel and Mr. Weston received the highest score of the eight
Mr. Weston is married and lives in Pembroke.
men who applied for the job.
(From the Wigwam
}i���_ly.
Tndian
Tnwn�hip Rese1:vat:1.on. 1/12/68)
�(12)
Ers, Eugenia Ynompson, Editor
L:uu� Ii:.dian Newsletter
Pine Street
Ja:J
�ry .
4032
Freeport,
Maine
Dear Mrs.
Thompson;
Thank you v ery much for contacting me about Mr. Albert Harnoist letter
to you regarding logging work on the Indian Township Reservation.
Mrs.
Harnois called me about this on January 15th, and by January 17th I was able
to provide her with the following information - in person, through
r. Weston,
the agent in our Calais office, and by letter.
mation with you and the Newsletter readers.
I am happy to share this infor
( See
Page 9, this issue - Ed. )
Cutting of timber on Indian Township is on a "sustained yield" basis, so
that the income produced enters the Tribe's trust fund at a relatively steady
rate each year.
it grows.
That is,
the wood is harvested approximately at the.same rate
The alternative method of cutting would be "clear cutting" whereby
the whole Township might be totally cut in a short time; after that there would
be no income for many years, while new trees were growing.
This sustA.ined yield cutting is jointly managed by the University of
Maine
( School
of Forestry ) ,. the State Department of Forest Service,
and the
Georgia-Pacific Corporation - each agency providing certain services under a
three-way contrac�.
This contract,
and the activities of the three agencies,
are annually reviewed by the Ind ian Township Management Committee, which includes
representatives of the three agencies, myself, an d the two Passamaquoddy G overnors.
!'.!21
One of the conditions of this working agreement is that non-Indians will
be employed cutting wood on the Township.
In past years, because of dif
ficulty in obtaining an all-Indian crew to v.ork on the Township, the planned
Any crew working on
"cutting schedule" for the Township has fallen behind.
the Township is expected to cut a certain quota of wood each week; the wood
which may be cut is that which has been marked for cutting , in accordance with
the cutting schedule,
in certain definite locations on the Township.
Since early this fall, an all-Indian logging crew, under the direction of
When Mrs. Harnois
Mr. Joseph Sockabasin, has been cutting on the Township.
called me about her husbandts desire to begin cutting on the Township, I did
I
some checking with representatives of the three agencies mentioned above.
1 ) Georgia-Pacific, as a whole, has recently
found out three pertinent things.
had to lay-off 5 of its 34 logging crews because of over-production - in other
words, more w:>od had been cu t than the Company could haul out or use during the
winter.
2) Normally, the a mount of wood which could be cut from the Township
during a year, .under the sustained yield program, w:>uld only support a single
3) However, because the Township1s cutting schedule had fallen
logging crew.
behind, it was felt that a second all-Ind ian crew could be used on the Tow:nBhip
at this time.
Accordingly, Mr. Harnois was advised to contact Georgia-Pacific again with
his tractor and a crew of four Indian c utters, a nd it is my understanding that
he a nd his crew have been working on th e Township since about January 19th.
I do not pretend to be an expert
I hope this will answer your questions.
in forest management, but - in cooperation with Tribal officials - we are looking
for ways in which the Township's resources may be more beneficial to the Passa-·
Right now, I am delighted that there are two .5-man Indian
maquoddy Tri be.
crews employed on the Township.
Sincerely,
Hinckley, Conmdssioner
Department of Indian Affairs
Edward c.
�I
I
1)
� )
COL' NZL JOHN A1LAN
'by John Francis Sp-r:'.01--'
�
( Continued
fr
m
De cemb er i ss �·
" _.
The re sult ( of the appeal by Chief Oreno of th e Penobs cot 1'ribe ) was an
urgent appeal to Ma ssachuset t s Coleny by Celenel Allan for aid in b ehalf of
the s e Indians .
He said in part :
" • • • I Inquired & Exanined int. the Pertfoulars sett
forth by theu, - and f 'Jund that their Coin.plaints were but
te Just & True, & Such as must reflect the greatest
Dishonour on many perso n s settled on that River
I shall
Cora:;:iuni c at e the perticulars t� Congre ss as it is the
Indians Earne st des ire, & Trust that all will Cast an Eye
o f Pity on t he s e Poor Wr etche s , that Just e s s �ay be done
thera, & be 9etter taken c are of for the fut er . 11
In t he fall of 1780, the British Indian agent nade an unusu al effort to
induc e the Indi ans to forsak e the Ameri cans and unite wt th their arny·.
For
a long period no suppli e s from Bo ston had reac hed Machias for th e Ind ians and
it s eemed as though a faIJine would ensu e .
After nany futile attenpt s to
awaken the Council to th e perils of the Eastern country, which appeared to
Colonel Allan so ir:la:i.ne nt , h e decided t hat i t was nec e s s ary for hil'n · to go to
Beston and have a perso nal int erview with the authoritie s in erder to s ecure
the nece s s ary aid .
When th e Indi ans were inf orn�d ., f hi s int ent ion t• leave
than fo r t hi s purpo s e, they feared t hat he ;night never return and refused their
cons ent and da;iand ed some s ecurity for the f\J. lfillment of his pro�rl. se s �
rt was finally arranged that he should leave hi s two oldest sons, Mark
and Willi am, in the hands of the Indian s as hostage s . . . .
Colonel Allan 1 s home and he adquarters was at Mac hias unti l the cles e of
tho war .
In July, 17831 h e visited Bo sto n and resigned his position.
In
17S4 he r eturned to Maine and entered upon mercantile 9u sine s s on wh at was
afterwards kno-wn as Allan ' s Island .
In tw• years he closed his 'Dusine s s and
reti red at Lube c �.ii ll s, where . he r esided until his death, February 7, 1805 .
In lt'9 a m� nument was erected e ver hi s grave whi ch is �n the Island that 9 ears
his name .
In 1789 he s ent a farewell addre s s to th e Indi ans as follows :
11 IN DIAN EASTERN DEPAR'IMEN T
MACHIAS , April Z?, 178�
To the Penob s cot, Marishute, Madewascow, all the rest
o f the · St . John, Pass runaquoddy, ¥ ck-macks and all
.i
•th ers, friend s and brnthers to Ameri ca and the
French Natie n :
Brothers - Peac e attend you with the Ble ssings • f the Great
God to rest on you and family 1 s - My joy is ffJr your good health
and p ro sperity - open your eyes , e ar s ·and heart s - Hear and attend
String o f
to wh at I say - I s alute you with a loving heart .
•
• •
·
Wampum.
Brothers ... I see you have b ec�r.:ie much scattered and divided ;
t h at Geed Coun0:il fQr your S afety cannQt be procured with�ut
b eing more together and knowing one another ' s mind s .
Broth ers - The opportunity will e e very advantageou s and
s
s afe for you t� g et tegether : - The supplies and troop ordered
t• thi s Country for it s defense an:i your Safety by Ameri c a and
France, wi ll prevent t he enemi e s of our Country from oolesting
us :in our imperl ant busines s .
Broth ers ... I d e the refo re now by thi s b elt o f Wampum i n the
name ef th e go od p eeple o f the U . S . of .Ameri c a, and by the duty
( C�ntinued en Page 14 )
�( 14 )
( Continue d from Pag e 1 3 )
and a f fe c tion due your An c ient Father , the �in� o� �7an c e ,
by virtue of the Tr eaty of Fri end s hip s e tt l e- d and con f irn1�� d
b e t-cveen the s e two Nation s , Summon and r e qu ir e you to me e t
· me in Grand Counc i l , to be he ld at Pas samaquoddy, as s oon
as po s s ib l e after the 2 8 th day of May , and for you to give
me noti c e and in form me ther eof .
Brothe rs - If you think of your Safety and that of your
wive s and chi ldren , you w i l l not n eg l e c t thi s on any ac count
Whate ve r .
Fare-cve l l ti l l I see you .
J. ALLAN
Con tinen ta l Agent and Com ' d in Chi e f of Ind ians , Ea s tern De p ' t . "
The B r i ti s h were very bi tter aga i n s t Colone l Al lan and for years a
r eward of one hundred pound s was s e t u pon hi s head .
They repeatedly made
attempt s to inc i te the Ind ians to take hi s l i f e and of fered the m br ibes to d o
so
a s we have pr eviou s ly r e marked her e in , he i s entitled to much mor e
r e � o gn i t i on and r enown than ha s yet been awarded hi m
Jud ge Jone s , 1ho r e s i d ed a l ong per iod in Nac hi a s , and who we l l knew
the hi s tor y o f Ea s tern Maine , s tated in 1 3 2 0 :
" That i t ·was a n imme n s e advantage to the inha bi tants e a s t
ward of the Penobs c o t that the great ma j or i ty of the . Pas s a
ma quoddy & S t . John Ind ian s j oined with us i n s te ad of adhe r
i n g t o the ene my, f or had they b e e n aga in s t us , a n d been s e t
on by the Lr i ti s h t o plunder our towns and s e ttlements , the
who l e popu l ati on mu s t have been d e s tr oyed .
Gre at cre d i t
i s d u e the Ind ian s for the ir r igid adherence to our cause,
a lthough a t time s the commi s s ary ' s d e par tme n t wa s d e s t i tute
of prov i s ion s and c l othing for them . "
The s tory of the white man ' s supremacy over the red man in Nor th America
is a hi s tory of a tr agedy of crue l ty and inj u s tice .
The Je s ui ts , from the day that they fir s t landed en the Ame r i can c on
tinent fu l l of z e a l and enthu s ia s m to found a n ew France and to conver t al l
o f the Ind i an s to the Cathol i c faith , unti l the hour arr ive d when the l a s t
o f the ir mi s s i on s b e c a me obs ol e te, a ppe ared t o c ompr e hend the nature of the
Ind i an, tre ated him kind ly , won hi s a f f e c tion and proved to be a bl e s s ing and
a comfort to him .
Other s who were e qual ly as succe s s fu l in thi s re gard are
f e w in number and oc cupy but l i ttl e s pace on the page s of Amer i can hi s tory .
The me ed of pra i s e a l ong the s e l in e s due to Wi l l i am Penn, John El l iott,
Jona than Edward s and a f ew o ther s i s great and s hould n e ver be over l ooked by
any wr i ter u pon thi s s u bj e c t, and the name of Co lone l John A l l an be longs in
thi s g a l axy of ju s t men .
Hi s unceas ing f a i thfu lne s s to the ir cau s e and
his kindne s s to them won the ir e ve r l a s ting l o ve and re s pe c t .
On l y a s hort time b e f or e hi s death he vi s i ted the Pa s s amaquoddy tri be
f or the l a s t time and placed in their kee ping hi s farewe l l me s s ag e in wr iting
to them , the or i g in a l tr eati e s whi c h he had cau s e d to be made w i th Mas s ac huse tts
in the ir b e ha l f, and l etter s r e l a t i ve to the s ame, and c harged the m to a lways
pr e s er ve the m as l ong as the tr i be exi s ted
The tr ibe ha s e ver s in c e the farewe l l vi s i t made it by Colonel Al lan
tre a sured the pa pe r s and d ocu me nts whi c h- he l e f t with them and whenever a
new Governor of the tr i b e i s e l e c te d the reti r ing Governor place s them in
hi s c harge to be by him che r i s hed and pre s er ve d and pas s ed ove r to hi s suc
c e s s or in of f ic e .
And a l ong with thi s l i t tl e tr i ba l ar chive i s also handed
d own through the gener a tions the s tory of the ir great benefactor and the pro
found l ove that the ir fathers had for him .
(From Sprague ' s Journ a l of Maine Hi s tory, Vol . 2 , No. 5 , Fe bruary 1 9 1 5 .
S u bmitted by Mr . Howard Smith, a d i r e c t d e s cendant of Col . John A l l an .
Ihe .
�rti c l e beg an in the November 1 9 67 i s sue of the News l e tter . - Ed . }
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GOVERNOR cur.. TIS C I -TE S INDIAN PROGRAMS I N
'EAr E t LJ ::' �
-' • • ' T
.
Indians are ano t her specia l group of citizen s who have been helped this
As the Indian Reserva tions have no local pr oper ty tax re venues, the
S t a te has a dis t in c t responsibil ity for providing
adequate governmen t serv i ce s .
A task force headed by the O . E . O . Direc tor s tudied the ways Federal
pro grams could '•enefit trites on t he Reserva tions.
Consisten t with this
approach, the legislature appropriated $ 304 , 700 as
the Sta te ' s share of a
federally -assisted hou s ing pro gram to cons t ru c t water and sewage facilities
on all t hree Reserva tions.
year.
Tribal housing au t hori ties have been estat lished that
will enaLle
the Indians to administer these systems and look to housing assis tance from
the U . S. Department of Housing and Urban Developmen t
.
Tne Catholic Church has organi zed, along wi t h some o t her agencies, a
Division of Indian Services to sponsor year-round reservation programs in
he al t h educa tion and secondary scho o l counseling.
by
( From the Report on State Governmental Activi ties, issued January 6 , 1 968
Gov. Kenneth l:l. Curt is - reprin ted from the Maine Sunday Telegram, 1 / 7 / 6 8 )
POS S IBLE PASSAMA UODDY 0-J - T PROGRA.11 GIVEN HIGH PRIORITY
A mid-December meeting wi th officials in charge of Manpower Development
and Training in l1aine brought out the fac t
tha t a lack of Federal funds will
force cancella t ion of MD TA basic educa tion courses.
It also brough t out
tha t
failure of the On-The-Job - Training Program t o b e funded i s holding u p top
priority programs tha t would be developed to help the disadvantaged in F ranklin
County and the Passamaquoddy Tribal Councils ' Community Action Program.
Governor Cur t is told the mee ting that
the fund shortage has created an
" extremely serious " situa tion.
He has wired mem ers of Congress urging their
.
suppor t in ob taining federal funding for con tinuation of programs at least a t
the same level a s previous years.
Randall Nichols, Maine Supervisor of t he Bureau of Apprenticeship and
Training , U . S .
Dep t . o f Labor,
t old t he mee ting tha t emergency funding should
be provided for at least three of
t hre e is one for
the most vital 0-J - T pro je c t s .
the Passamaauoddy
Tribal C oun cils'
Among these
Communi ty Action Program .
This is a proposed " c oupled' i 0-J - T pilot program to aid persons in t he
Indian communities of the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Reserva tions.
The d e t ails of the program would be developed by the CAP Commi t tee .
nature and magnitude of Indian poverty,
education and employmen t,
25
The
resul � from inade�ua te
demands a special approach as proposed by the pro j e ct.
This initial effort
would involve
Nichols said,
t o provide needed guidance and j o b -site training
t rainees and would cost approximately
(Extracted from �laine OEO News, Augusta, Me. ,
$ 30 , 000 .
Vo l . 1 ,
No .
9)
CAN ' T B4'\ME HORSE FOR HAVII�G COLD FEET
(UPI) - Horse-sense took on a new meaning at the Nava j o
snowbound f o r seve ral days by a fierce series o f bli z zards.
WHITEWATER , Ariz.
Reserva tion ,
An elderly Navajo ,
Sidney Yaz zie ,
trudged almost
10 miles through waist
de ep snow to Luy groceries at the Whitewater Trading Post.
trading post operator ,
Cal Foutz ,
The astounded
asked why he didn't ride a horse.
" Th e horse didn ' t want to go , " Yaz zie answered curtly.
(From the Por t land Evening Express ,
1 2/ 2 2/ E 7 )
DID YOU KNOW THAT
Herbert S. Sperry , former Princ e t on , Me . ,
Scho o l Superint enden t ,
is t he new
Dire c t or of t he Sta te Division of the Office of Economic Opportunit y ?
was named by Gov. Curtis t o replace former Direc t or Clyde Bartle tt .
He
�( 16 )
L . D . 1858 :
TUE S TORY OF A B OND I�SUF. P. U�.
"AN Ac t to Au thorize B ond I s sue in the Amoun t of $ 384 , 0 00 for Deve 4opment of
Educa t ion , Sewage and Water F ac i l i t i e s at Indian Re s erva tions"
" EDUCATION , DE PAR TMENT OF
Ind ian Scho o l s
Peno b s c o t Reserva tion
Ind ian Town ship Re serva tion
Pleasan t Po in t Re s erva tion
INDIAN AFFAIR S , DEPARTMENT OF
Ind ian Town ship Re servat ion . Pr inceton Area
Wa ter and Sewage Faci l i t ie s
.
$ 73 , 000
7 3 , 000
103 , 000
$ 24 9 , 000
$ 135 , 000"
"Sha l l the State provide for con s truc t ion and modernization o f s choo l
faci l i t ie s a t the three Ind ian reservat ion s and cons truct water and sewage
fac i l i t i e s at Ind ian Township Re s erva t ion ( at ) Pr inceton by i s su ing bond s in the
amoun t o f $ 384 , 000 , pas s ed at the Second Spe cial Se s s ion of the 103rd Legi s l ature ? "
- t o b e submi t ted " a t a special e ta te•wide e le c t ion to be he ld o n June 1 7 , 1968 " .
Thi s prop o s a l f ir s t s aw the l ight o f day in Governor Cur t is ' pro c lamat ion
c a l ling the S econd Special S e s s ion of the 103rd Legi s lature , which read fn part :
" Two b ond i s sue s for ( 1 ) re s idential fac il i t ie s at Maine Mar i t ime Academy and
F armington S ta te Col l ege ; and ( 2 ) water and sewage sys tem and educational fac i l
i tie s for the Indian Re servat ions ; "
In h i s addr e s s to the convent ion o f Senator s and Repres entatives on January
9 t h , the opening day o f the Spec ia l Se s s ion , Governor Cur t i s , in re ferring to
the Indian Re s ervation bond i s sue propo s a l , s aid :
" The second wou ld provide $ 3 84 , 000 as the S t a te ' s
contribu tion for water and sewerage sys tems at the Prince
ton Indian Re servat ion and for new Ind ian s cho o l s at the
Penob s c o t Re serva t ion , Pe ter Dana Poin t , and Pleas an t Point.
to r eplace the pre s en t o ld , crowded fac i l i t ie s .
The State
mus t accept the re s pon s ib i l i ty for rapid improvement in
educat ion o ppor tun i t i e s and l iving cond i t io n s on our Re ser
vations � "
L .D . 1 85 8 , the Indian bond i s sue b i l l , was r eferred to the Legi s la t ive
Commi t tee on Appropr i a t ions and Financial Affair s , chaired by Sena tor Ri chard
N . Berry (R-Cumber lan d ) and Repr e sentative Harold Bragdon (R- Perham) .· - Te s t imony
suppor t ing the b i l l was pre sented on January 10th by Mr. Omar Nor ton , representing
t he Dep t . o f Educat ion , and Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley , Dep t . of Indian Affair s .
Commis s ioner Hinckley submi t ted t o the Commi t tee , i n add ition t o hi s ora l t e s t i •
mony , a wr i t ten s ta tement per t aining to t h e need for water and sewage fac i li t i e s
in the Prince ton area o f t h e Indian Township Re servat ion .
Information o n
both mea sure s had b e e n a l s o pre s ented t o the Appr opr iations Commi ttee at the
Legis l ature ' s r egular s e s s ion in January , 196 7 .
Very few que s t ions were a sked
by the Commi t tee memb er s ; Commi s s ioner Hinckley a s sured the Commi t tee that the
a c tual s it e p l ann ing of the sewage and water fac i l i t i e s would be conducted py
t he Indi an Town ship Pas samaquoddy Re s ervation Hous ing Authority , and that such
p lanning woul d have to mee t f ederal specifications for approval .
There was no
oppos'i tion to the b i l l expr e s sed at the hearing .
On January 1 8 th , the Appropr iations Commi t tee repor ted the b i l l out o f
Comnii t tee t o the Hous e o f Repre sentative s , wi th a unanimous Ought Not To Pas s
repor t .
Thi s meaQ t that a l l 1 0 members o f the CoDDDi t te e fel t that the Legi s
l ature s hou ld no t approve the b i l l .
The Commi t tee c@n s i s ts of 7 Repub licans
and 3 Democr atS:(Continued on
�f l 'I)
( Con t inue d from Pa ge l G }
U i �:�- ""t1 t debate, the House vo ted t o accept · the Com.rui t tee ' s r epor t .
LD te.r that
(D •Klngman ) , the b i l l ' s r:?on s or , made
a mo tion that the Hous e r e cons ider its action ( in accept ing the Oug h t No t To
Pas s r eport o f the Commi t tee ) .
Representative Catherine carswe l l (D � Por t land )
suppor ted this mo t ion , s aying tha t many Hou se member s aid no t under s t and the
oppo s i t ion to the b i l l and tha t they needed an extra day to look into the ma tter r
Repr e s entative Bragdon oppo s ed the mo tion , poin ting out that the Appropr i at ions
Commi t tee had g iven care ful cons ideration to the measure and had unanimous ly
agreed that the b i l l should no t pas s .
Repre sentative Rodney Scr ibner (D- Por t •
land ) a l s o oppo sed S t arb ird ' s mo tion f o r recons iderat ion .
Scr ibner sugges ted that there had been too l i t tle p l anning done on the
propo sed cons truction pro j e c t s and que s t ioned whe ther the Indian Affairs Depar t
ment could hand le any more cons truct ion pro j e c t s now other than the one s already
author ize d at Pe ter Dana Poin t , Pleasan t Point and the Penob scot Reservat ion .
He repor ted that i t had b een " informa l ly agreed that the sum o f $ 25 , 00 0 shou ld
be appropr iated to the Bureau of Pub lic Improvements to plan the se pro j e c t s . "
Mr . Starb ird sugg·e s ted than any p l anning requir�d could be done during
the t ime b e tween pas sage of the b i l l and the June e le ct ion , for examp l e , s o
that more time would n o t be los t .
He po in ted ou t that i f the b i l l author i z ing
the bond i s sue re ferendum were no t pas sed , " i t w i l l be two year s before we can
ge t to work ; two year s , two more year s for grade s choo l enro l lment ; two more
year s o f l a ck of adquate sewerage ; two more years of po l lution in a lake a long
Pr in ce t on S trip , a l l of the s e to continue in thi s snowbal l ing increas ing con
d ition . "
A ro l l call vo t e wa s reques ted by Mrs . Carswe l l and approved by a t l e a s t
one-fifth o f the mem er s o f t h e House .
The vo te on Repre senta t�ve S tarbird ' s
mot ion to reconsider the previous House acceptance o f the Commi t te e report was
Ye s : 5 1 ; No : 79 ; Ab sen t : 20 .
Accordingly , the b i l l was sent to the Senate
for concurrence .
Thursday afternoon , Governor Kenne th M. Curt i s i s sued a s tatemen t , urging
that the Legi s la ture pas s the bond i s sue b il l .
" The S tate of Maine , " said
Cur t i s , "has the prime re spon s ib i l i ty for improving the l iving condi tions o f
our f e l low c i t i zens re s id ing o n re s erva tions . "
Of special concern , s aid
Cur t i s , i s the fai lure o f the Appropr iations Commit tee and the House o f Repr e s
entative s to accept the b i l l - h e s tated that only favorabl e ac tion b y the
Maine Senate could keep the b i l l a live .
The b i l l re ached the Senate on the afternoon of the 1 8 th , where it was
tabled by Senator Hera ld a . 1Becke t t (R-Washing ton ) un til Fr iday , the 1 9 t h .
On t h e morning o f t h e 19th , t h e b i l l came u p f o r con s iderat ion in the
.
Senate .
Senator Becke t t made a mo tion that the b i l l be sub s t i tuted for the
repor t of the Appropr iations Commi t tee .
The Senator spoke at length in
suppor t o f his mo t ion , dicu s s ing the sewage and water pro j e ct s , and the s choo l
cons truct ion pro j ec t s , separate ly .
In d i s cu s s ing the Princeton " Strip" area of the Indian Township Re serva
t ion , Sen . Be cke t t accur a te ly d e s cr ibed the unsafe and i l legal condi tion s that
He empha s i zed the
exis t due to inade quate water and lack o f sewage fac il i t ies .
negat ive impre s s ion thJ t tour i s t s receive from trave ling through the Re s ervat ion
and s e e ing the se cond i t ions , and explained why �the locat ion was a des ireable
p lace for tr iba l members to l ive , in terms o f acce s s ib i l ity to j ob s in the near
He descr ibed the vo l�me of mai l which he ha s received a s Chair
by communit i e s .
man o f the Ind ian Affairs Commi t tee of the Legis lature , asking that s omething be;
done , and he e� p lained the impor tance of the proposed water and sewage fac i l i t ie G
t o feder a l ly"a s s i s ted hous ing programs which the Indian Township Hous ing Author� · . ·
i ty is reques t ing for the Re serva tion .
In d i s cuss ing the propo sed additions to the s choo l buildings on a l l thTee
Reservation s , Sen . Be cke t t descr ibed the needed fac i l i ties , emphas i z ing the
delapid ated cond i t ions of the s chool at Pe ter Dana Poin t and the overcrowded
(Continued on Page 1 8 )
cl ay , Re pr e sentative G l enn Starb ird , Jr .
·
�(18)
L . D . 1858 :
THE S TORY
( Continued from Page 1 7 )
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cond i t ions ex i s t ing at Pleasan t Poin t , par ticular ly .
He explained th a ti
con
s truc t ion of the propo sed s choo l add i t ion s wou ld permi t , for example , such pro
grams as kind ergar t ens to b e s tar ted :
" The bui lding o f the se c las srooms and
t h i s mu l t ipurpo se room , whi ch cou ld be u s ed for kind ergar ten purpo se s , I think ,
wou ld be a gre at he lp in fur thering their educat ion .
You can imagine when
the se chi ldren come in on the firs t morn ing of school , the t eache r says ' Good
morning , children , ' and they are apt to say ' B ox we nox see lum , ' which I think
mean s ' What d id you s ay ? '
They don ' t unders tand the Eng l i s h language and they
are at a d i s advan tage t o s tart w i th . "
Senator B e cke t t read Gov . Cur t i s ' pr e s s s t atemen t to the Sena t e , and pre
s en t ed e ach senator with a copy o f a s t a tement from Commi s s ioner Logan and one
from Commi s s ioner Hinckley , further exp laining the pr opo sed bond i s sue b il l .
S ena tor B erry announced his suppor t o f Sen . Becke t t ' s mo t ion , and exp lained
that more in forma tion wa$ now ava i l ab l e on the b i l l t han had been pre sen ted to
t he Appropr iati9ns Commi t tee at the January 10th hearing .
Berry a l s o pointed
ou t how mu�h .money h ad been appropriated by the 102nd and 103rd Leg i s latur e s
f o r t h e Ind ian s o f Maine , and s aid : " The people o f t h e S t a t e o f Maine ar e concern
ed abou t the Ind ian prob lem and , if money can so lve i t , we cer tainly ar e trying
to s o lve i t .
I per sona l ly think that money wi l l not go a l l the way . "
Senator B erry a l s o expr e s sed cons iderab le concern over the f i scal manage
men t of the Dept . of Indian Affairs and cal led for appr�priate action to see
that Commi s s ioner Hinckley d id no t "run rampant over a l locat ions made by the
Leg i s l a tur e . "
Senator Becke t t ' s mo tion ( to sub s t i tu te the b i l l for the report o f the
Appropr i a t ions Commi t te e ) was furt her suppor ted by Senator Frank w . Ander son
(R- Hancock ) , Senator J . Ho l li s Wyman (R-Washington) , Sena tor 'nleodore s . Cur t i s
(R- Penob s co t ) , and Senator Pet er J . Far ley (D-York) , a l l o f whom spoke i n favor
of the mo t ion .
Whereupon , by a unanimous vo t e of 29-0 , the Senate vo ted t o
sub s t i t u t e the b i l l f o r the repor t .
Thi s decis ion o f the S enat e , d i sagre e ing wi th the Hou se ' s e ar li er accep tance
the b i l l had to be
of the negat ive Appropr ia tions Commi t te e repor t , me ·ant·
r e turne d to the Hous e .
Rep . Wal t er A . Birt
The b i l l was t aken up by t he Hous e on January 2 3rd .
(R-E . Mi l linocke t ) , a member o f the Appropr iat ion s Commi t te e , moved that the
Hous e "recede and concur with the Senate" - in o ther word s , r eve r s e i t s ear l ier
Rep . Harrison Ri chard
a c t ion and agree w i t h the Senate ' s acc eptance of t he b i l l .
son (R-Cumberland) , Maj or ity F loor Leader , a sked for unanimous House approval o f
Rep . Birt ' s mo t ion , as d i d Rep . Emi l ien A . Leve s que (D-Madawa ska ) , Minor ity F loor
Repr e sentatives S tarb ird and Car swe l l a l so spoke in favor of Rep . B ir t ' s
Leader .
mot ion ; a vo t e was taken , and the mo t ion was adopted by a vote of 1 2 2- 7 .
Final readings and pas sage o ccurre d shor t ly there a f ter , and o n January 26th
The fu ture of t he
t he bond i s sue bi l l was s igned in to l aw by Governor Cur t i s .
bond . i s sue , and t he fund s it wou ld provid e , now res t s with a l l the voters o f
the S ta t e o f Main e , who wi l l have a chance to regi s t er their opinion at the
s tate -wide e le c t ion on June 1 7 , 1968 .
·
PENOB S COT TRIBAL EDUCATION COMMITTEE NAMED
At a Penobscot Tr ibal Coun c i l mee t ing he ld on January 18th� Governor John
Mi t c he l l appo in ted a 3-member Tr ibal Educat ion Commi t te e , con s is t ing of S i s ter
Mary Norma , Chairman ; Vio l e t Shay and Tere s a Sappier
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FLASH - Ex-Penob scot VISTA , Harold ii sk:ip 11 · Farkas, now VISTA Leader for Main
J . Cour ser, daughter o f Mr . and Mrs . J am e s Courser
i s engaged t o marry Mi ss Susan
Su s an i s a s enior at Colby Colleg e , in Waterville . - FLASH
of Springvale .
�(19)
F IR S T ALL-DID IAH S COUT TROOP TO B E IPDUCTED
PR UTCE TOl'T - The f ir s t a l l - Ind ian Boy Scout troop on a Pas s am:: nuo ddy
Ind i an Re s erva t i o n w i l l be forma l ly indu c t e d into the N a t i onal
oy S c ou t o r g an
i z a t io n on F eb ruar y 1 3 a t
t he Pr inc e t on High S c ho o l gymna s ium .
The announ ceme n t wa s made Tu e s d ay t hrough S c outma s t er G i lb er t H e l l s of
Woo d l an d .
He l l s s a id he ex pec t ed tha t the char t e r wi l l b e pre s e n t e d b y an
o f f ic ia l r e pr e s en t a t ive o f t he Katahd in Are a Coun c i l t o the n ew coun c i l troop
numb er 148 , w h i c h wi l l b e o f f i c ia l ly r e c ogn i zed a s " Pa s s ama quoddy Ind ian R e s e r
v a t i o n Un i t Numb er l. " • • •
' ;Governor Kenn e th M .
Cur t i s and Commi s s ioner o f Ind ian A f f a ir s Edward
Hin c k l ey are b o t h very much e n t hu s e d about the forma t ion of this f ir s t a l l
Ind i an s cou t un i t , and w e are expe c t ing a per sona l me s s age from the gove rnor
dur ing the o f f i c ia l indu c t ion , " ·Je l l s s aid • • • •
The s c ou tma s t er exp l ained that t he un i t wi l l be made up o f s even c har t e r
memb e r s w i t h the ir age s r ang ing from 1 1 to 1 6 .
" B y the e n d o f t h e year , we
exp e c t to have 1 5 s c ou t s from the (Ind ian Town ship Re s erva t io n ) to make up
Un i t 1 , 1 1 He l l s exp l a ine d .
Thi s wi l l be known as the 1 9 6 7 pro j e c t , s in c e i t
was b e gun l a s t f a l l w i t h We l l s me e t ing with the Ind i an peop l e a t Pe ter Dana
Po i n t and with the par i s h pri e s t .
The 1 9 6 8 pr o j e c t wi l l g e t und er way l a t e next fa l l at
the
Pleasan t Poi n t
R e s ervat i on w i th t h e f o rma t ion o f • : Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ian R e s erva t ion Un i t Number
W i t h both
2."
t he ir own power
Town ,
in
the Pr i n c e t o n and Perry r e s erva t ion un i t s
.•J e l l s exp e c t s
fun c t io n ing und er
Ind ian I s land ,
to b e g i n a t hird un i t at
in Old
the fa l l of 1 9 6 9 .
·Je l l s , uho b e c ame a Boy S cout in Eng l and in 1 9 2 6 ;
and was
a Cub Scout
has been pioneer ing in s e t t ing up s cou t t r o o p s and condu c t ing
b e fore t ha t ,
s c ou t ing pro j e c t s over a 30 -year period •
•
� S ince b e ing i n Washing t on Coun ty
for l i t t le more than a year , �e l l s has a c qu ired a $ 1 5 0 donat ion from the Long
I s l and ,
ate
�. Y . ,
Kiwan i s
Club and $ 2 5 0 from a New Haven ,
Conn . , bu s ine s s as s o c i
( to he l p suppor t t he Ind ian s c ou t organ i z a t ion s ) .
(From the B angor D a i ly News ,
2/ 1 /68)
HI JCKLEY ORDERED TO TREAD LINE ON MONEY
AUGUS TA
iDDlled i a t e
- The dire c tor o f Ind ian Affairs was t o ld Fr iday to t ake
to ke e p d e p ar tme n t a l spending wi thin the le g i s l ature ' s appro pr i
l e g i s l a t ive s p e c i a l se s s ion covered a n $ 1 8 , 000 d e f i c i t the de par t
(AP)
s t ep s
a t ion .
The
But l awmaker s r e fu s ed
men t had incurr ed i n the f i r s t ha l f o f the f i s c a l year .
to appropr i a t e the ad d i t ional $ 30 , 000 thi s ye ar and $48 , 000 next ye ar t he d e
par tmen t s a id was n e c e s s ary .
Edward C . Hi n c k l e y t o ld the l eg i s la tor s and s t a t e o f f i c i a l s he wou ld cut
spend in g t o avo id a fur ther d e f i c i t bu t that i t wou ld mean a redu c t ion i n what
he con s ider s min imum programs .
" I p lan to l e t t he Ind i an s d e c id e where the c u t s sha l l be made ; the y ' re
the one s who ar e g o ing
to be hur t , 1 1 Hinckley s aid .
c a l l ed by Sen . Ri chard N . B erry , R - Cape E l i zabe t h ,
l eg i s lat ive appropr i a t i on s commi t t e e , who expr e s s ed concern
abou t over - s p end ing .
B erry s aid he wa s surpr i s e d t ha t no t on ly the d epar tme n t
head but a l s o t he g overnor and exe c u t ive coun c i l and the finance coDDll i s s ioner
The in forma l s e s s i on was
cha irman o f
the
and bud g e t o f f i cer c ou ld be unaware a de f i c i t .was be ing c r e a t e d .
F i nance Commi s s ioner Maur i c e F . Wi l l iams s aid Maine ' s a c coun t ing s y s t em
W i l l i ams
is ade qu a t e ' no t o n ly to r e cord • • • b u t to contro l s t a te expend i ture s . "
t o ld Ber ry and o th e r s at t he s e s s ion t ha t " t he t hing we can ' t con t r o l i s human
11
weakne s s - peo p l e who d e l ib er a t e ly c ircumven t our con�ro l s .
Hinckley d e n i e d tha t he was de l ib er a t e ly c ir cumvent ing c on tro l s or law .
( Cont inued on Page
20)
�( 20 )
(Cont inued from Page 1 9 )
H e s a�d that when Ind ian a f f a i r s wer e hand led by t h e He a l th a n We �fare Depar t
� � t , s u c h over - spend ing w a s covered b y tran s fers wi thin that d epar tment ' s
appropr ia t ion s .
Hinckley t o ld the me e t ing the d epar tmen t is as s i s t ing 60 Penob s co t and
1 1 0 Pa s s ama quoddy ( c as e s ) with we l fare needs .
(From the Bangor Da i ly News , 2 / 3-4/ 68 )
OEO GRANT APPROVED F OR INDIANS
PERRY - Ar chie La Coo te , ( Fa s s attaquoddy Ind ian Communi ty Ac tion Program
d ir e c tor ) repor ted t hat he has rec e ived no t i f i ca t ion of approva l of an Off ice
of E conomic Oppor tun ity grant in the amoun t of $ 9 6, 7 1 3 . 00 , which g ives the "Go"
s i gn for d eve l opment o f the C . A . P . program a lready submi t ted to and approved
by the OEO o ff i ce in New York , for the improvement of the Indian commun i t ie s .
A t the regu l ar mon thly mee t ing o f the Pas s ama quoddy Commun ity Act ion
Program board of d irec tor s at Pleasan t Poin t , Sunday aft ernoon , it was announced
that Linwood Sapie l , cha irman of the board , had r e s igned in ord er to take over
du t ie s as C . A . P . hou s ing coord inator for the group .
Gov . John S t evens w i l l
r ep lace S ap i e l as C . A . P . chairman .
LaCoote a l so repor te d that John Ni cho las of Pleasant Point and Morr i s
Brooks o f Princ e t on wi l l b e sent t o a spe c ial s choo l for a s s i s tant C . A . P . d ix ec
Clas s e s are schedu led to begin February 19 .
tor s a t a co l lege in Mad i s on , W i s c .
They were
Two new member s wer e we lcomed to the C . A � P . board Sunday .
Mrs . Pot t le
Mr s . Barb ar a Kend a l l and Mr s . Virginia Po t t le , bo t h of Perry .
Others a t tend ing the board mee t ing
was a s s igned to t he pub l i c i ty commi t tee .
wer e Ri ta A l t avat er , C . A . P . board s e cre tary ; Sandra Pot t le of Perry and George
S tevens of Prince ton .
(From the B angor Dai ly News , 1 / 2 3 / 68 )
FROM HERE A ND THERE
" Paul E . I Parks , De an of S tud ent s , Eas tern Maine Vocat iona l - Te chn ical
In s t i tu te , announced F r iday the f o l l owing s tuden t s had b e en named t o the Dean ' s
list
Au tomot ive Te chno logy : Owen Lo lar - 3 . 4 7 aver age ; Elec tronic s : Jeffrey
Both members o f the
(Bangor Dai ly New s , 2/ 3-4 /68 .
Gos l ine - 3 . 35 average . "
Penob s c o t Tr ib e , and both Freshmen , Owen i s t he son of Mr . and Mrs . Henry Lo lar ;
Je ffrey is the son of Mr . and Mr s . Erne s t Go s l in . - Ed . )
•
•
•
•
Mr s . LaDonna Harr i s (Comanche ) , wife o f U . S . Senator Fred R . Harr i s of
Oklahoma , has been named chairman of the recent ly organ i zed Women ' s Advisory
20 prominen t women serve on the commi t tee , whi ch wa s
Coun c i l on Poverty .
Mrs . Harr i s founded
formed at the inv i t a t ion o f OEO Direc tor Sargen t Shr iver .
(See Page 1 2 , Apri l 1967 i s sue . -Ed . )
Okl ahomans for Ind ian Oppor tun i ty in 1 9 65 .
·
Mi s s Crys t a l A . Sha f fer , f i f th-grade s tudent on t he Penob s co t Re servat ion ,
r e cent ly won a red r ibbon in the s t a te -wide App le Ar t Con t e s t of the S ta te
Daugh ter of Mr s . Roxanne Shaffer , Cry s t a l is a s tu
Depar tme n t o f Agr icu l t ure .
On ly 80 pr i z e s were awarded among some 2 , 000 entr ies .
dent of S i s t er Mary Norma .
The Pas s amaquoddy Indians o f Pleasan t Point wi l l par t icipate , on Augus t 1 1 ,
i n a week- long c e l ebrat ion o f the 1 50th birthd ay o f t he Town o f Perry , which be
gins on Augu s t 4 th .
Th e new ly-formed Ind ependent Po s ta l Sy s tem o f America (Ok lahoma City) ,
which on February 1 s t began �ha l lenging the U . S . Po s t Office Departmen t in the
d e l ivery o f 3rd c la s s mai l , wi l l hire a subs tanial number of Ok lahoma Ind ians
for i t s p l anned nat ion-wide de l ivery sys tem.
�- 21 *
- -
•'"
-
c
PLEAS ANT POIN T NEvi 3
Mb.RY YAR11AL ,
Re p o r t e r
C ongra t s t o S t an i s laus & B e t t y C raig Bai le y . We d J a n 19, 1968 .
Re c e n t ly G ov. J o s e ph Mi t c he ll v i s i t e d his daugh t e r hr s . Lar i on
G r e e n and fami l y in New Je r s e y.
B e lat e d S ympa thy t o f r i e nds and re la t i v e s o f Noe l S o c o b y, de c e as e d .
January 2 , 1968 .
D r . B i l l da lke r and B ob Hadd e n w e r e v i s i t ors last mon t h ; we init ia t e �
t hem t o a ska t i n g par t y.
On Januar y 15 , 1968 I s t at t e d as a C omwun,kk7 Ai de un d e r epe r qt i on
ain S t r e am , Pe n ob s c o t C oun ty C . A . P .
·- · )
-oT ICE
OT ICE
N OT ICE
NOT ICE
CENSUS is b e ing t aken a t Ple asant Poin t .
Any o f f - r e s e rvat i on
Ind ians wishing family memb e rs t o be add e d t o t he C e nsus ,
Please
send n ame s and �ge s t o :
Mrs . Nar y S o c oby Yarl.Jal, J3 ox 239, Pe r r y , Mai ne .
Thank y o u.
x
x
x
x
1- ORE NE�IS
Elizab e th
S t an l e y a ls o s e n t word on N oe l S o ckoby ' s d ea t h , adding
he was f 2MPd1 d e ad at his h owe a t Ple asan t Poin t , and that t h e flie d i c a l
Examine r 7 E e d i e d o f a heart at ta c k .
An t h ony R e x T h omas , f r om t h e V IS TA , w i l l b e t e a c hing at Pleasant
on H i gh S c h o o l F:qu iva le n c y t e s t s f o r t h is c oL1ing Apr i l .
Anyb ody
h o !'li s h e s t o t · c e par t in this Pr ogram may d o s o i n ord e r t o ge t
h is or h e r dipl oaa , C las s e s f i ll be h e ld at the t r ib a l hal l e v e r y
Tue sday - Thursday n i gh t s a t 7 P . M . f o r t h o s e w h o a r e liv i n g at Ple asan t
Po int .
A CH A N CE TO HELP
P o in t
An yb ody w is h ing t o d onate or he lp t h e Pas s amaq u o d r y Ind ian c h ildre n
on gam e s are urge d t o d o s o . Game s are nee de d f or use during t h e w in t e r
on ths and dur i n g t he s umme r .
An y o f the f o ll owing lis t of game s ma y b� sent :
Ping Pong , B ad miin t o n·
gaoe , D ar t game , C he cke rs , Jvionop o ly, S cralhle , Nouse T rap game ,
Pac he s i , and e qu ip� e n t f or S e cke r game .
The s e game s may b e s e n t t o E lizab e t h M . S t an le y
C ommun i t y c t i on A i d e ,
Pleasant Poin t ,
Pe rry, r ·aine 04667
_ -
x
x
x
x
We d ne s day, January 24t h t h e G ov e r n o r ' s C o un c il c on f i rme d s e v e ra l
Among \
o f G ov. C ur t is ' s n ominat i on s t o fill o f f i c e r s ar ound t h e s t a t e .
t he s e . was He l e n G o s lin o f Old T ovm ,Re.g i s t r a t ior l C ow 1is s i on e r o f I n d ian
Is land.
x
x
x
x
�- 22 ( T he f o l l owing in f orma t i on w s r e c e iv e d in N ov e wb e r , b ut a f t e r
the
Nov e mb e r i s s ue was pr int e d and r e ady f or dis t r i b u t i on .
S in c e D e c .
w a s t o o l c;. t e t o b e ne f i t anyone and s i n c e t he D e c e u1b e r is s u e w2.s s o
l o n g , I de c id e d i t was b e s t t o wait un t i l t h i s m on t h . -E d)
D e ar Mr s . T homps on :
As a s t ud e n t of t he Ins t i t u t e o f Ame ri can Indian Ar t s in S an t a Fe ,
I t hi nk i t ' s o n l y r igh t t o s e e t hat Pas sanaquo ddy Indian s are repre s e n t e d
in t he l i s t ings o f In d ian C h r i s t mas c ar ds .
I ap�ar e n t ly n e gle c t e d t o
i n f orm t h e M . I . N . L . las t ye ar when I d e s i gn e d a n Indi&n C h r i s t mas card
f e a t ur i ng aut h e n t i c Indian pe t r o Glypths .
Many of t h e 0e cards we re
s e n t to all pa r t s o f t h e c o untry and plainly s t a t e on the reverse side
t ha t t he y CTe r e d e s i gne d b y a Pas s amaquoddy In di an . The s e c ards w i l l be
a gain avai lab l e as s o on as I hav e t i �e to print t he m .
It may i n t e r e s t memb e r s o f t he t r ib e that a 1 1 Pas sai.ia q u od d y 1 1 is t h e
e le c t e d Pre s id e nt o f t , e s t ud e n t S e na t e a t t he Ins t i t u t e o f Ame r i c an
I
Ind ian Ar t s whi c h r e gu lat e o v e r ' 3 000. 00 o f s c h o o l a c t iv i t y funds .
a l s o o q.'.an i z e d a band w h i c h is s u c c e s s fu lly playin g at vari ous Pue b l o
v i l l a ge s n e ar S an t a F e .
S o t he Pas s awaquoddy t r ib e i s n ' t t o t a lly un - r e �re se n t e d .
T h o s e w h o w i s h a s ample -pr o o f o f the C h r i s tmas cards may wr i t e
t o me h e r e a t t he In s t i t u t e .
My t hanks go t o t h e
aine Indian N e w s l e t t t) r whi c h h&s un fai l ingly
s e n t c opie s t h i s pas t ye ar .
S in c e r e ly ,
R o ge r J . Gab r i e l ( Passamaquod dy)
Ins t . Ame r . Indian �r t s
C e r r i l l o s R oad
S an t a Fe , New Mexi c o 87501
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
ADDIT ION TO BAPT I S T CHURCH
N or d has b e e n r e c e iv e d that an add it ion has b e e n· c omple t e d on the Bap t i s t
C hur c h on Indian Is land .
The Pa s t or o f t he c hur c h i� Rev . Fre d Ludwig .
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
T h e Nav a j o
Th e Nava j o Indian s hav e r e c e iv e d h e lp o f vari ous kinds dur ing and s i n c f
t h e r e c e n t b li z zard whi c h s w e p t o v e r t h e Re s e r va t i on . B u t t h e y c o u l d
s t i l l u s e more h e lp .
I und e r s t and g o o d c l o t hing is one t h ing t h e y
c ou l d u s e .
A n y o f o u r r e ad e r s w h o w ou ld like t o h e lp out an o t h e r
Ga llup C o1Ill11u ni t y In dian C e n t e r
Ind i a n T r i b e m a y s e nd t h ings t o e i t h e r :
a nd/or t h e C a t h o l i c Ind ian C e n t e r, b o th a t Ga llup, N e w Me xi c o . 87104.
X
X
X
·X
X
X
X
La s ·t mon t h t h e New s le t t e r s t a t e d t h e int e nt ion t h is m on t h o f
w r i t in g a n ar t i c l e r e ga rd i n g t h e Pas sa maquoddy Indians a s v ie w e d from
'
s l i d e s s h own in a N e w York C i t y C h u r c h , f r om i n f orma t i on sent to t he
N e ws le t t e r b y Jvir . G e orge La Po r t e .
mht t his ar t i c le as we l l as the
i n t e nd e d a r t i c le on t h e Pine Tree Lega l As s i s t a n c e mus t b e he ld o f f
u n t i l n e xt m on t h.
S 9r r y .
D o n ' t f or g e t t o s e nd in your n e w s
a n d a r t i c le s .
�Pir.·-. : t··e t
���0 £ �R PTI C:J POJ .i:;y
,
'1�
_
-·
•
04 03 2
.. .
.
EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 1968
0 .!}:::-:., {\
fN
Indian
Non- Indian (Regular )
"
(Contr ibu ing )
11
( Suppor t ing)
( Li fe t ime )
- FREE
$ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
-$ 10 . 00/year
-$50 . 00
•
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and send in the sub
scr ipt ion s lip (be low) WITH the appro
pr iate amoun t .
Your subB cr iption
w i l l begin wi t h the nex t avai lab le
i s sue af t er your subs cr ipt ion is
received .
The addr e s s lab e l s indicate the s ta tu s
" I-F" means
o f your sub s cr ipt ion .
" Indian-Free . "
The abbreviation of a
mont h (JAN) is the t ime - next year your subscrip t ion fee wi l l again be
due .
� w i l l BQ! ge t � individual
expirat ion no t ice , � be �!
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - -
I would l ike to r e ce ive regular monthly i s sue s o f the Maine Indian New s let ter :
NON-I ND IAN
DATE
__
ADDRESS
--�------�-�-
-------
INDIAN__
TRIBE
( S tre e t , or Po s t Off ice B ox )
-------
AMOUNT ENCLOSED ; $
_
_
_
_
_
(City
S tate
Z IP Cod e )
Sub s cr ipt ion rat e s : Indian -0- ; Non-Indian - $ 2 , (Regular ) , $ 5 (Con tr ibuting ) ,
$ 10 { Suppor t ing ) , $ 50 (Life t ime )
Send this s l ip , with your sub s cript ion charge , i f appl icab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSY.ETTER
Pine S tree t , Freeport , Maine
040 3 2
- - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - -- � -� - - � - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - � -
Don ' t forget your ZIP Code !
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSIE T�R
Pihe Str ee t
Freepo rt, Maine
4 32
BULK RATE
u .�.
POSTAGE
3 . 6¢ PAID
Fre epC" rt , Maine
.33
Permit Ne
•
ADDRESS CORRECT ION
REQUESTED
Co lby Co l l•a• Libr
1
Colby Col lea•
Vaterrill e , Mabe 0490
1
JD
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Jan. 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1968-01
Contributor
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-464
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https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/91d28bab5236893bac7e7ea45a012a02.pdf
208899ef81a030af6bff99eaef8b16db
PDF Text
Text
NE
VOLUME
2,
SL
NU:MBER
E
FEBRUARY.
7
1968
INDI N TREP_TIES
During t e past year and a half the Newsletter has received
several letters asking questions about the various treaties wade
between the Indians living in Maine and the Cowmonwealth of Massachusetts,
and later on (182 ) the State of
�aine.
Since the Newsletter has
some of this information within reach now, it seems both beneficial
and interesting to pass some of this information along to you.
Starting uith this issue t�e
ewsletter will reprint the Treaty wade
£.y_
the Commonwealth of Ma�s�chEsetts witl!___!:h� Pe_!1obscot Tribe of
Indians, June 29
181 8.
"This writing indented (sic) Clnd .. ade this twenty ninth d..:..y of
June, one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, between Edward H.
Robbins, Daniel Davis and Mark Langdon Hill, Esqs., commissioners
appointed by his excellency John Brooks, governnr of the comruonwe<h
of Massachusetts, by and with the advice of council in conforhlity to
a Resolve of the legislature of said commonwealth, passed the thirteenth
day f February, A. D. one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, to
treat \'litb the Penobscot tribe of Indians, upon the subject expressed
in said resolve, on the one part; and the said Penohscot tribe of In
dians, by the undersigned chiefs, captains and iu.en of sc:,id tribe, rep
resenting the whole thereof, on the other part, Witnesseth, Thnt the
said Penobscot tribe of Indians, in consideration of the payments by
them new received of said commissioners, amounting to four hundred
dollars, and of the payments hereby secured and engaged to be made to
them by said cohlmomwealth, do hereby grant, sell, convey, release
and quitclaim, to the common ealth of Massachusetts, all their, the
said tribes, right, title, interest and estate, in and to all the lands
they claim, occupy and possess by means whatever on both sides of the
Penobscot river, and the branches thereof, above the tract of thirty
miles in length on both sides of said river, which said tribe conveyed
and released to said commonwealth by their deed of the eighth of
August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety six, excepting and
reserving frow this sale and conveyance !or the perpatu�l use of said
trib� of Indians, four townships of land of six miles square each, in
the following places, viz:
The first beginning on the east bank of the renobscot river,
(Continue� on �age 2 )
u.
�2 (INDiiN
TREATIES,
Cont'd from page 1.)
opposite the five islands, so called, and running up said river
a ? cording to its c0'.lrse, and crossing the mouth of the �·iatta-v.rcwkeag
river, an extent of six miles from the place of beginning, and extending
back from said river six miles, and to be laid out in conformity to a
general plan or arrangement which shall be made in the survey of the
adjoining townships on the river - one other of s· id townships lies on
the opposite or western shore of said river, �nd is to begin �s nearly
opposite to the place of beginning of the -� first�idescribed township as
can be having regard to the gener�l plan of the t�onships that may be
laid out on the western side of said Penobscot river, and running up
said river according to its course, six ruiles, and extending back from
said river six miles.
Two other of said townships &re to begin at the
foot of an island, in West branch of Penobscot river in Nolaceilleac lake,
and extending on both sides of said like, ( sic) bounding on the ninth
range of_ townships, surveyed by Samuel ;vestern, Esq., r1hich two town
ships shall contain six wiles square each, to be laid out so as to
correspond in courses with the to�nships hich no� &re, or hereafter may
be surveyed on the public lands of the state. J.nd the sc.,id tribes do
also release and discharge; said commonwealth from all de1aands &nd
claims of any kind and description, in copsequences of said tribe's inden
ture and agreement made with said co� 1onwealth, on the eighth d .y of
August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety six, by their commissioners,
William Sheppard, Nathan Dane, and Daniel Davis, Bsquires; and we the
undersigned commissioners on our part in behalf of said coLlfilonwealth, in
consideration of the·above covenants, and release of the said Penobscot
tribe, do covenant with said Penobscot tribe of Indi�ns, thrtt they shall
have, enjoy and improve all the four excepted townships described as
aforesaid, and all the islands in the Penobscot river �bove OldtoNn and
And the commissioners will purchase for
including said Oldtown island.
their use as aforesaid, two acres of land in the to\·n of Bre�ver, adjoining
Penobscot river, convenient for their occupation, and provide them with
a dis�reet man of good moral character and industrious habits, to
instruct them in the arts of husbandry, and assi.J t them in fencin& and
tilling their grounds, and raising such articles of :;:1roduction as their
lands are suited for, and as will be most beneficial for them, and will
erect a store on the island 6f OldtOlm, or contiguous thereto, in which
to deposit their yearly sup lies, and will now make so�e necess�ry
repairs on their church, and pay and deliver to said Indians for their
absolut� use, within ninety days from this date, at said island of Old
one six pound cannon, one swivel, fifty
Town, the following articles viz:
.
knives, six brass kettles, two hundred yards of calico, two druL1s,
four fifes, one box pipes, three hundred yards of ribbon, and that
annually, and every year, so long as they shall remain a nation, and
reside within the commonwealth of Massachusetts, said commonwealth
will deliver for the use of said Penobscot tribe of Indians at Oldtown
five
aferesaid, in the month of October, the following articles viz:
hundred bushels of corn, fifteen barrels of wheat flour, seven barrels
of· clear por�, one hogshead of molasses, and one hundred yards of
double bTeadth broadcloth, to be of red color one year, and blue the
next year, and so on alternately, fifty good blankets, one hundred
pounds of gunpowder, four hundred pounds of shot, six boxes of choco
late, one hundred and fifty pounds of tobacco, and fifty dollars in
The delivery of the articles last aforesaid to commence in
silver.
October next, and to be divided and distributed at four different times
( Continued on page 11.)
�E
THE
MAINE
EDITOR:
INDIAN
- 3 -
I
D
T
0
R
l
L
A
S
NEWSLETTLR
EUGENIA (THOMAS) THOMPSON
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the following address:
Pine Street
Freeport, Maine 04032
865-4253)
(Telephone:
Letters to the Editor are welcome but must conform to the rules
required by every newspaper. They must bear the writer's correct name
and address although pen names are permitted at the discretion of the
All letters must be signed though names will be withheld from
Edit r.
Preference will be given to le�ters not over
publication on request.
350 words in length. Letters are subject to condensation or editing
when space limitations require and to correction of grauner or obvious
errors.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
"Ask Not �hat Your Depart·1ent Can Do For You, But •
• • 11
At an NAACP meeting held several months ago in Portland, Maine,
the topic of discussion was to be the Maine Indians. The purpose of
the meeting was to determine whether or not the Portland Chapter of
The concern centered
the NAACP could help these Indians in any way.
about the assamaquoddy.
Several questions from other members of the panel and from the
floor, addressed to Commissioner Hinckley assumed or indicated that
Hinckley and the De artment were not even aware of many of the Indian's
problems, and further1ore that Hinckley was merely a paper shuffler,
and perhaps unable to do anything about these problems.
Having previously explored the situation I was av.rare of the size
of the general assistance program, the problems related to police
protection on the three reservations, and the increased financial needs
in other areas. This was not brought out at the meeting however.
Then more recently it came to light that the Department had run
818,ooo in the Red. The reasons for this, aside from the accounting
problems? I've just explained them above.
To keep from operating in the Red $inances to several programs
will have to be cut back, or cut out. Hinckley has said the Indians
will be asked to help decide where these cut backs will be• Already
there are grumblings from Augusta - some saying it lock's like the
Indians are running the Department and not the Comlilissioner. And I
thrmght this was the purpose for having the De_par-tment, so the Indians
could have some say in the handling of their own problems.
So, one thing the Department has dome is to go into the Red for
the Redmen, to the tune of $18,ooo.
�/here should these cut-backs be made? Any cutbacks are going to
disrupt the program. It seems to me the most probable cut-back will be
from the General Assistance funds; food, clothing, Dr. bills, and
If any
fuel. (But remember it has been colder than usual this winter.)
of our Indian readers have any suggestions, send them in to the News
Letter and they will be forwarded on th the Department in Augusta:--
�- 4 In Reply to Helen H. Ross
(See December, January and this months Newsletters.)
The replies to Helen H. Ross' remarks in this and last months issues
of the Newslett�rs are adequate to show that Mrs. Ross has not dug
into the facts as deeply as she would h�ve her readers do.
I am an Indian, born and raised on the Penobscot Reservation.
When I was young, we sometimes had it difficult, but no matter how
difficult times were, we knew the Passamaquoddy were worse off.
They
.
still are. For one thing, jobs �ere much more readily available near
the Penobscot Reservation than they
were in , ashington County.
Some people disapprove of Don Gellers, but even they must admit
until he came along, no on� has been as involved as he has with the
problems of the PassamaquodJy Indians.
It is time someone got this
involved.
In 1�04 a written account, which can be found in the Maine
Historical Society Library, tells of four Passa1aaquoddy villages located
in the.same area as they are today, except the one 1hich used to be at
Calais,
About 1796 a treaty was made with �ass. establishing the
present reservations, although they were much. larger.
In the separating
of Maine from 1ass. in 1820, no mention was made regarding these Indians
Maine has never made any treaties with the
or their reservations
Passamaquoddy, so far as I can tell, and yet some bow !1aine now owns
all of this Passamaquoddy land, while allowing the FassamaquodL�Y Indians
to live there, "during the pleasure of the legislature."
I repeat, isn't
it about time someone became this involved?
Mrs. Ross suggests that the integrity of Gov. Curtis and the Maine
State Police has been questioned because in Mr. Cox' article in the
Times-Record of November 2nd, 1967, the Governor's appointing of the
State Felice to carry out the investigation of the State Police, in
effect the accused undertaking the investigation, a totally hollow gesture.
Would Nrs. Ross stop and consider:
When an accused is brought into our
courts, who has done the investigation? The accused? Certainly not.1
The accused u1ay defend himself but he never does the investigation
for the State.
While some people consider themselves a step and a half above
the Indians, - I hope they are not too tall to st.oqp into the teepee of
the Indian and to learn the Indian's point of view.
•
•
X
X
X
X·
-X
X
X
LETTERS
Dear Edi tor:
The Issue of.Feb. 16, 1968, the Bureau of Human Relations (paper)
The Church vVorld, had an article of Passamaquoddy Indians. The paper
This is
said that the cb�ldren were given lolly po s for breakfast.
untr.ue, because I have taken a Survey of Pleasant Point Reservation and
I have asked the mothers of what they feed their children for Breakfast.
They all told me that they feed those children.
l. Bacon & eggs or saussages 5. Mix Cereal
6. Oatmeal
2. Juice & milk
7. Pancakes
3. Toast
8. Doughnuts
4. Dry cereal
These people all so said that who wrote that article in The Church
These
World can't prove we give our children lolly pops for breakfast.
people I spoke to said to me that if they gave lolly pops to their child
ren it would be�a miracle if they can be filled up with candy. Because
(Continued on page 5)
�- 5( Letters
continued from page 4.)
cost 29• a bag, it would be a cheap breakfas
t & sup�cr & dinner,
if they can live on candy.
So I wish who ever writes about children like
this please raake sure it is true before it
is put in the paper.
Don't
fie about ·other people's children.
they only
Sincerely,
Elizabeth Stanl�y
Cowmunity Action Aide
Pleasant Point
( Editor's note; The article
on page 21.
There are over
Perry,
which Mrs.
04667
Maine
Stanley speaks of will
be reprinte d
_
ten photographs accompanying the article.
The Church World shows in one of the photographs three children, two of
whom are eating lolly pops.
The children go: unidentified, as well as
all the other photographs of Indians and the Indian home:.
·:vhile a pic-
. ture is worth a thousand vords, the captions under the photographs
seem to add a thousand more words to depict the ,'1deplorable11 conditions.
)
De�r Editor:
Recently I have been getting equipment ft-0£1 those people 2.nd these
are the list of things which the people from Maine have ·sent to the
Passar,.iaquoddy Indian Reservation.
Sewing material froi.1 Hathaway, Inc.,
·1aterville,
i•laine;
Ample I•1ills,
two boxes of material from i rs.
material from Guilford,
Brewer,
Maine;
knitting equipment from
l'!aine;
of patterns from Miss J.
Et�1el Cawpbell,
Portland,
lfuitting instructions and se•ving instructions fron Sarah \fj lson,
Machias,
aine; and also ten dollar check fro,J Ers. Foster Branch, vhnthrop,
Augusta,
I.aine;
one big box
Marston, So,
laine;
1'iaine;
and last of all,
se ing clachines,
Feb.
the Portland Zonta Club have delivered and donated
22, 1968.
So we have three new sewitlg machines.
Sewing classes will be held at the �ribal Hall tnis ltlonth.
to these people for their generosity.
p.�.
7
Also we have knitting classes every Thursdcly,
office.
Sincere thanks
at the C.A.F.
All the girls are making hand knitted sweaters and slippers.
Thank you,
Elizabeth Stanley
CouuJunity Action Aide
Pleasant Point
Perry
Dear Mrs.
,
Maine
04667
Thompson:
Enclosed is an announcement concerning a superb new
travel fellow
ship op1ortunity_ being sponsored by the English-Speaking Union,
1Br·1nch.
New York
T� o fellowships are being offered to residents of New England and
I
New York.
Applic�tions must be received by April
15, 1968.
felt that the quickest way to-pass the wazrl.-,�ong Indian people
in your area is to send this announcement to yoµ so that you rJight
publish the details in your newsletter.
May I also take this opportunity to cong�atul�te you on the news
letter,
{hich is a valuable source of infor�ation to ev�ryone concerned
with Indian problems.
Virginia S.
Sincerely yours,
(11rs.
)
Hart
Speciul Assistant
( Comi .unica tions )
U.S.
to the Cor.tii issioner
..
Bureau of Indian Affairs
(Cortinued of pa_e
6)
�(��tt€ s continued from page 5)
(6)
A N � 0 U C E M E N T
Applications are invited for
TdO iJINSTON CHURChILL TR. VELI1 ·G F:SLLO 51:.IPS
�roviairi� nfi 6��ortunity f6 c�rrY out an ima"11 �tive proj�ct to be_ "io
posed by the successful candidates in the �ecial fields of inte.L·est, in
British Commonwealth countries.
The grants�ill provide for three to
six mon.:ths of professional consultation, field trips, and on-the-job a
assignments in Commonwealth countries, and will fay all expenses of travel
to, from, and in the host countries, plus a reasonable allowance for
living expenses and incidentals.
Stipends will average r4ooo.
1
CAl�DIDA'r."s must be United States citizens, residents of or working in
New York or one of the New England St�tes, and active in one of the
folJowing fields:
local, st te, or national politics;
Govern�ent and Public Service:
civil service.
C<?E!!nunica tions: mass media; schools of journalism; schools of
COtr.lf1unications.
Health and Social Services:
comwunity welfare; physicQl rehabilit
ation;
social security; pover�y prograills.
?lanning:
urban and rural planning; urban redevelo� ent; derao6raphy;
conservation; recla�ation; transport�tion.
FOR APP1_,IC.H.TIOE FORMS .�RITE
Q..h�rchill Traveling Fellowships, New York Branch,
_
English-S eaking Union of the United States,
1 0021
16 East 9th Street, New York, U.Y.
APPLICATIONS MUST BE TIBTURNED ro ThE ENG LISH _SPEAKING u ION BY APRIL 1 5,$
g
Dear Eugenia Thompson,
The subject of this enclosed article is of r;reat importance to
v le would �reatly appreciate
the Passamaquoddy Indians at Pleasant Point.
your putting this article in The ?-i1aine Indian Ne1rnle tter.
Sincerely,
Joseph Mitchell
Governor
Passamaquoddy Indians
Pleasant Point,
1 4667
Perry, Maine
(Editor's note:
the enclosed article is �rinted as follows.
The subject
is
well, read on.
A very good case for the preservation of t�1e Indian
basket-,,!aking art, as well earning a living.)
About half the people living on the Pleasant Point reservation are
largely supported by the skillful labor of Passamaquoddy Iilen u1aking scale
baskets.
Fish factories and fishermen need thousands of these rugged
Indian baske�s every year to hold fish scales, and lobsters, herring,
and shrimp. But these large baskets are made of hard, tough ash.
And ash
trees are becoilling scarce for the Passamaquoddy Indians.
Passauaquoddy sons early learn from their fathers the art of eaving
the strips of ash into lasting baskets, held together not by nails or glue,
The ash strips are peeled from an ash trunk
but by �rt and ingenuity.
The
that has been pounded for 2 or 3 hours by hand with a heavy club.
ash trunks are cut from som� lands privately o�ned in Aroostook County.
Only a few private land owners have given the Passanaquoddy Indians per
&ission to cut ash.
(C6ntinu d oh page 21)
..
•
•
•
�(7 )
PINE TREE LEGAL ASSISTANCE WORKS ON TEST CASES
Trying test cases is rapidly becoming one of the most popular forms of re
creation in legal services programs, and Pine Tree Legal Assistance is no ex
ception.
Spokesmen for Pine Tree, Maine's statewide program to provide lawyers
for the poor, announced recently the commencement of a concerted drive to chal
lenge present law on a number of points.
In announcing the increased effort, Charles Tenney, Pine Tree"s Chief At
torney, pointed out that a "test case" may be designed to challenge not only
the law as it is written, but the way in which officials charged with carrying
the law into effect behave as well.
he said.
"Problems arise not only with bad laws,"
"We see almost an equal number of injustices resulting from maladmin
istration of the law."
If the law is constitutional and is being followed,
Tenney indicated that a test case would be an exercise in sheer futility.
sole recourse at that point is to attempt to change the law.
The
Millard Emanuelson,
President of the Corporation, pointed out that "our lawyers consider the good
ness or badness of a law in light of its impact on their clients.
may differ in their judgments.
Legislators
Nevertheless, the poor ought to be heard on what
they think the law ought to be."
s
With the next regular session of the legislature over a year away, Pine
Tree has not yet come up with a definite package of proposals for change.
Ten
ney indicated, however, that proposals very likely would be made in several
areas:
welfare, juvenile courts, housing, and domestic relations.
Meanwhile,
Pine Tree's efforts will be concentrated on test cases to the extent that reg
ular caseloads permit.
Pine Tree has already successfully challenged a state Department of Health
and Welfare practice of taking a child from its natural parent for "temporary"
custody without notice to the parent and without the parent's having an oppor
tunity to be heard.
Attorneys for Pine Tree petitioned the court for a writ of
habeas corpus, alleging an unconstitutional denial of due process in failing to
provide the mother of a child with notice and a hearing.
The Department agreed
to return the child when the court in an informal conference indicated that he
would grant the writ
didn't.
(order the child returned to its natural parent)
if they
Health and Welfare officials have since agreed to abandon their prac
tice.
Pine Tree action on behalf of an inmate of the Women's Reformatory in Skow
hegan was also effective in instigating an abandonment of the practice, pre
nie arraignment is that point in a criminal proceeding at which the accused is
viously followed in some district courts, of mass arraignments of defendants.
advised of his rights.
he is waiving.
He may waive such rights, but he must understand what
In the mass arraignment, it is difficult
{if ngt impossible)
for
the court to determine whether the individual has made an effective waiver.
Currently in preparation are cases which draw in question the validity of a
number·� of state statutes, and policies and practices under them.
Recently in
Portland, a woman who had received public assistance from the city was denied
The denial was based on
by the city desk a certificate necessary for marriage.
a state statute prohibiting the issuance of such a certificate " • • • • to a state,
where the overseers of such town where the pauper re
city, or town pauper,
sides deposit a list of their state, city or town paupers with the clerk • • • • "
Pine Tree learned that neither the city c}erk nor any other city official had
such a list.
"Even if they did," Tenney said, "the st�tute.is ·pretty. unconsti
futinnal.
It conditions the right to marry on one's affluence; and that's a
He added that it was very likely a denial of one's
civil rights as well and that federal court action was being considered to endenial of equal protection.''
join the practice.
Pine Tree lawyers are also readying challenges to several Health and Wel
(Contin�ed on Page 8)
�(u)
PI NE TREE LEGAL
(Continued from Page 7 )
•
•
•
•
fare pol icie s .
Among the m are the ce i l i ngs place d on payme nts under A.F . D . C .
(Aid to Fami l ie s with Depend e nt Ch ildre n) and the maxinrurn grant ava i l ab l e und e r
the cat e go ri cal a i d pro gram .
I n t he first ins t ance , ch i ld re n in l arge fami l ie s
s uffer b e caus e the fund s availab le e xt e nd t o cove r a maximum o f seven ch i ld re n·
'
in the s e cond s i t uat ion, the e ntire fami l y suffers b e caus e the grant made may
be far b e l ow wh at i s actual ly needed fo r the fami l y to live on.
O n t ap fo r the int e rmed iat e future are case s in wh i ch Pine Tree wi l l rai se
s uch i s s ue s as the valid i ty o f the confine me nt o f al l juveni le d e l inque nt s i n
st ate i ns t i t utio ns ; t h e l egal i t y o f s choo l pol i cie s and pract ice s in suspe nd ing,
e xpe l l i ng and denying re-ad mi s s io n to s t ud e nt s wi thout provid ing fair he arings
to the s t ud e nt ; and t he uncons cio nab i l i ty of ce rtain ins tal l me nt contract s fo r
cheap and s o metime s wo rth l e s s me rchand i s e at outrage ous ly infl ated price s .
(From a Pine Tree Legal As s i s t ance , I nc. Ne ws Re l e as e by Charl e s W. Te nne y , Ji
HA IL TO
THE CH IEF
Ch i e f Burning Foo t , s eve n-e igh th s Scots-Irish and one -e ighth Ind ian, wear
i ng a "Mary Po ppins Love s Reagan" button, anno unced he wo uld b e · a cand idate for
the pre s ide ncy of the Uni ted State s .
Ch ie f pl at fo rm p o int s : Re turn of s t ol e n
I nd ian l and s and a b an o n TV f i l ms abo ut Gene ral Cus t e r .
(Se e n i n t h e Mont real Star-contribut ed by Nich o l as Smith)
NICHOLAS & BROOKS TO ATTEND TRAINI NG PROGRAM
De ar Edito r ,
Though t yo u migh t l ike t o put th i s in a fut ure i s sue of the ne ws l e t t e r .
John H . N i chol as and I are goi ng t o Wi s co ns i n fo r a s ix wee k course in a compre
h e ns ive traini ng program that i s b e i ng o f fe red by the Ce nte r for Communi ty Le ad
er sh ip Deve l opment , Unive rs i ty Ext e ns io n , Unive rs i t y of Wi s cons in, at Mad i son,
Wi s co ns in. The pri mary obj e ct ive s of the s ix wee k course are to t rain pe opl e
fro m rural are as who can the n re t urn to the se are as t o h e l p prov ide e f fe ctive
l e ad e rs h i p in the deve l opme nt of communi t y act ion pro grams . To be e f fe ctive ,
the s e ind ividual s mus t kno w how to use the t e chnique s of community organizat i on,
how to pre pare a prop osal that mee t s d ocumented nee d s , ho w t o se cure furthe r
te ch n i cal as s i s t ance when needed , and h o w t o coope rate and coord inate with o ther
'
organi zed e ffort s t o e l iminat e pove rty . Fo l l ow-up service s to graduat e s wi l l
i nclude as s i s tance i n s e curing e mpl oyment with , o r advance ment in, a community
act ion or re l at ed program.
The firs t two wee ks o f the .t raining program wil l comb ine cl as s room s tudy ,
group d i s cus s ions , and workshops . Thi s wi l l i nclude :
review of current s ocial
cond it ions and prob le m s ; int ro d uct i o n to the cause s of pove rty , means of identi
fy i ng the nee d s o f a community , int e rpre tat ion and p re s e nt at ion o f s tatis t ical
dat a ; id e nti f i cation and s tudy of fede ral , s t ate and private pro grams (de s igned
to promote s ocial ch ange ) ; practical exercis e s to deve l op admini s trat ive ski l l s ;
mob i l i zat ion and coord i nat ion o f re s ource s ; program deve lopme nt and �valuat ion;
program propo s al wri ti ng ; acco unting, fi s cal and reporting proced ure s ; s ocial
act ion te ch nique s o f working w i th various s ocio -e conomic groups with in a commun
i t y; h uman re l atio ns , pub l i c re l at ions , communicat ion and l e ad e rsh ip .
The th i rd and fourth wee ks wil l be spent i n actual f i e l d s ituations . The
traine e s wi l l b e d iv ided into teams and as s igned to o n-the -job training s ite s
whe re , unde r s up e rv i s ion, the y wfl l ob s e rve actual p rograms in operat ion. Dur
i ng the f i nal two wee ks , b ack at the Mad i s on campus , the t rainee s wi l l eval uate
the ir f i e l d experience s , and re f ine the ir own skil l s and technique s in program
(Continued on Page 9 )
�(9)
NICHOLAS & BROOKS-LETTER
(Co ntinued from Page 8)
developme nt ope rat ions . Se s s ions will be he ld on the implications of ne w leg
i s latio n and on po li cy change s with in O EO and related programs . Training work
s ho ps will afford the m an opportu nity to d raw u pon fie ld exxerie nce s and the ir
ho me s i tu atio ns in de s i gni ng model commu nity development programs . Upon gradu
ation , the t rainee will be equ ipped with many bas ic skills needed fo r e ffective
e mplo yment in a community deve lopment agency le ad i ng to po s i t ions of re s pons i
b i li ty and le aders hi p.
Since re ly ,
Morri s Brooks
P . S . -We ' ll be leaving February 14 in order to rece ive some mo ney from Elaine
Zimmerman at the Rockafe lle r Ce ntre in Rockville , N. Y. on Febru ary 15 , for a
mu seu m lib rary .
STUDY TO DETERMINE VIEWS OF INDIANS
ON EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES
Ind i an hi gh s cho ol gradu ate s in s ix s t ate s will be int e rviewe d to de te rmine
the ir views ab ou t t he ir edu cational experience s .
The No rthwe s t Regional Educat ional Laboratory wi t h ad mini s t rative office s
in Po rtland , O re gon, is condu ct ing a st udy to find ou t wh at has happened to t he
196 2 h i gh s cho o l gradu at e s , accord ing to Al Selinge r , s tudy dire ctor. Coope ra
ting with the Labo rat ory are the State De partme nt s of Ed ucati on, Bureau of In
d ian Affai rs , tribal groups , and local schoo l d i s trict s .
All I nd ian s tudent s who graduated from high school in 196 2 in Id aho , Mon
The
tana, Oregon, Wash i ngton, and North and Sou t h Dako t a are now be ing located .
I nd ians have atte nded federal board ing s chools , .Private and paro chial h igh
scho ols , and publi c s choo ls .
Trained pe rs onnel will the n interview approx i mate ly 600 of the graduat e s .
The Study focu s e s o n the Indian gradu at e ' s vie ws of h i s educational exper
ience s , both h i gh schoo l and po s t h igh s choo l .
Th e pDoje ct i s part o f the Labo r8tory's goal t o deve lop and d i s se minate
ins tructional and cou nse ling sys tems to help ove rcome the edu cat ional inequ ali
tie s which impai r o pportunitie s fo r Ind i an s tude nt s and to enlarge coope rative
relat ionsh ips with o ther community age ncie s .
Find i ngs of the s tudy, part icularly impli cat ions for t ribal groups and
s chools atte mpting to improve Ind i an Edu cation, will be prepared for d i s tribu
tion next fall.
The No rthwe s t Re gional Educational Laboratory is a nonpro fit organizatio n
work ing with s ch ools and other age ncie s in'.the No rth we s t re gion to improve ed
u cation by applying the find ings o f ne w re s 3arch and techno logy .
(From the Sioux Journal, Eagle Bu tte . Sou t h Dako ta, Jan-Feb 1968)
KNOW YOUR HERITAGE
By Red Cloak
A
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SOME CH IPPEWA BURIAL PRACTICES
'fi'le trad itional Chippewa Burial Ce remo nie s as practiced on Red Lake con
s i s t of a h igh ly s tructu red s e t of s ymbo lic practi ce s wh ich are carried out
during he four day s following an Ind i an ' s de ath . Thi s short account can do no
more th.in touch the surface in portraying these practice s and explaining the ir
(Continued on Page 10 )
�(10 )
KNOW YOUR HERITAGE
(C o nt i nued from Page 9)
me ani ngs .
The d e ath o f a Ch ippe wa i s trad itionally announc e d by the fi ring o f a gun.
I f the ne wly d e c e as e d pe rson was an adult, seve n s ho ts are fir�d . Fo llowing the
p re p aration o f a b urial s i te , the d e c e as e d i s re moved from h i s home by rela
tive s . He i s s lowly turned in a c ircle four t i me s , the n c arried to the b urial
s i te .
The grave i ts e lf i s d ug four fee t int o the ground . An up s ide d o wn t ot e m
mus t b e plac e d a t the f o o t o f t h e grave be fore any oth e r materials are s e t in
plac e . The body i s p lac e d in a wooden c as ke t wh ich i s lowered into the grave .
Bo ard s are th e n laid ac ro s s the to p o f the grave and a mound o f e arth i s s e t
o v e r the board s .
The s oul o f the deceased will h e ar the c all o f the b ird as he
ne ars the e nd of h i s four d ay journey t o the land of the Ind ians .
Late r , afte r the soul h as re ache d i ts d e s t inat io n and the c e re me ni al ac tiv
i t ie s have c e ase d , a s mall h ut will be bui lt above the b rave . A s mall tri
angular h o le will be c ut i n t h e we s t s id e o f the h ut i n o rder that the s p irit c an
pas s out of the grave .
The I nd ian i s b uried on h i s b ac k with h i s he ad fac i ng e as t and h i s kne e s drawn
up . Along s id e h im in the grave are plac e d s mall s ymbo ls of a bow, an arrow,
The s e are the mat e rials
a b lanke t , a ke ttle , an axe , food s , and mocc as ins .
wh ich he will nee d on h i s jo urney.
H i s fac e i s painted red to symb oli ze th at he i s an Ind ian, fo r Non-Ind ians
will trave l to a d i f fe re nt afterworld upon the ir d e ath . The pers o n who i s
h alf-white and h alf-I nd i an h a s no afte rworld i n wh ich h e i s ac c e p ted . H e i s
rele gated t o a k ind o f limbo with no pe rmane nt re s ti ng place o f ·h app i ne s s . I t
i s h e re that a n I nd i an will be reunited wi th all h i s relat ive s and frie nd s who
I t i s h e re he will rec e ive an ab undance
h ave pre c e e d e d h i m tQ the afte rworld .
There will be s inging,
of eve ryth i ng that he h as c ove ted in h i s fo rme r world.
d anc ing, and laugh te r.
The journey o f the Ind ian ' s soul i nto th i s land o f happine s s h as four
phas e s , o ne for e ach of the s t ratum in the e arth th ro ugh wh ich he mus t pas s .
During every s tage o f h i s journey , fri e nd s and relative s s tand vigil ove r
h i s g rave , s i nging , s o ngs wh i sh d e s c ribe h i s journe y and aid h i m i n h i s tasks .
A h e ad s e nd o f f man, c alled Nee Gan Ne Me h Ja E Nay Ne Neh Ne e , who h as learned
all the ph as e s o f the so ul's j o urne y , le ad s the s inging . There may be as many
as four d e s i gnate d s e nd o f f me n at a c e re me ny.
The s oul leave s the grave e ach ni ght at dusk for four c ons e c ut ive · evenings
Each d awn
and t rave ls th rough o ne s t ratum pe rfo rming nume rous s ymbo lic task s .
the s o ul re turns to the bod y t o re s t unt i l the next eve ni ng' s journe y . O n the
fourth evening, the Ind ian so ul make s i ts pe rmane nt depart ure to the land o f
hap p i ne s s s o the . v i gil ove r the grave c e ase s .
The I nd i an's pas s age b e twee n t wo world s following h i s de ath i s pe rc e ived
by the Ch ippewa as a c omplex , s t ruc t ured s e t o f event s , all of wh ich have a
Only a very fe w o f t he s e eve nt s c ould be de
s ymbo lic , religious meani ng.
The deepe s t meaning o f the �e remo ny i s o f the s ymbo l ic
s c ri b e d i n th i s art ic le .
journe y o f the I nd ian's s o ul into that happine s s .
(From the Red Lake Re s e rvatio n News , Red Lake , Minn . , 2 /9/6 8 )
CHANGE O F ADDRESS
****
Ple ase no t i fy us as s o o n as po s s i le i f you h ave any ch ange o f add re s s . ****
TI1ank you for your many le tte rs . We e njoy re �d ing the m . We may be a li t t le s lo w
i n ans wering your s pec i f ic que s t io ns , but you'll b e h e aring from us so on.
�� !. : )
INDIAN TP,EATIES
(Co�tiu�ed from
P�ge 2)
i
r·ac:1 �Tear among said tribe, in such manner as that the-:r uants shall
e most
e3sen�id ly supplied, and their business most effectua1ly supr0rted •
And it
.
is further agreed by and on the part of said tribe, :.:hat the said C0i.-�om;realth
shall have a right at all times hereafter to make and keep open all nec�ssary
roads, through any lands hereby reserved for the future use of said tribe.
And that the citizens of said Connnonwealth shall have a right to pass and repass
any of the rivers, streams, and ponds ... which run through any of the lands
hereby reserved, for the purpose of transporting their timter and other articles
through the same.
In witness whereof,
and seal."
the parties aforesaid have h£reunto set our hands
(The above copy of the treaty of 1818 is then signed by the respective
parties.
It was then witnessed and recorded.
The Penobscot Reservation is nowhere near the size today that it was in
1818.
In the next few Newsletters the various treaties and resolves will
be printed showing how our Penobscot Reservation has come to be so dimished.
same information is found relating to the Passamaquoddy Tribe,
l.ncJ ndcd also. - Ed.)
1818 .
Also the Newsletter will print some of the treaties made before
As the
this will be
SIOUX LAl·1MAKER DETAILS INDIAN FUTURE - PROBLEl1S, ATTITUDES
(The following article appeared in the January 196 7 issue of 11The Optimist Mag
azine."
Its author, Rep. Ben Reifel, is a-member of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe
and a former U.S.Bureau of Indian Affairs employee.
Congress from South Dakota since
1 961 . )
He has been a member of
American Indians on U.S .. reservations and in many cities like Minneapolis
and Chicago are amongst the lowest income groups of our society.
This results
from a shortage of jobs and/or s�ills on the reservations and in the cities,
usually because of lack of social and technical preparation.
The Federal Government, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the
churches, via their missonary programs, worked hard for 100 years to educate,
but it uas not until 1 92 8 that high school training for Indians got under way
in any great measure.
Only in the last twenty years have Indian children had
all 12 grades available to them.
·ar on Poverty programs are adding to Bureau of Indian Affa:lrs' efforts.
Pre-school projects were initiated 30 years ago,
funded.
but never were adequately
?-!ow with Office of Economic Opportunity efforts on a nat'ionwide scale,
Indians are getting some help in this area of-education.
Increased attention to disadvantaged minorities growing out of recent
civil rights legislation will tend to focus national interest on social and
economic deficiencies among Indians •
•
•
•
People everywhere are slow to change.
20 , 000 years before Columbus or Leif Ericson.
The Indians were here probably
The life-ways of the many Indian
peoples' cultures are not easily uprooted and they should not be.
Yet,
�ome
hold back social change necessary to a meaningful modern American existence.
Here are some basics in this regard:
1.
T·Je Americans pride ourselves on our capacity to conquer nature
(space) - the Indian's main reliance was on his ability to live
We Americans predicate our actions on
in harmony with nature.
For example,
Indians historically lived for today.
tomorrow.
Americans look at their watches not to see the time it is, but
to see what time it isn't yet!
2.
1
Americans through their acquisitiveness strive to accumulate prop
(Continued on Page 12)
�12)
( Con t in ued from Page 11)
ty whi c h in gener al is pre stige f 11.
r�<l� .,ns !°''l -; sha-.,.
·---��'("
go ods ma inly as a h i storical kind of soc i c:..l . ':'''H:. lt y an..i in p�i:-t
to achieve st at ure among the ir own peer s .
By the ve":·y na t ure o f
o ur soc i e t y this " sharing , ii wh i l e a f ine gestu :e i n e xprc..s sing
bro therhood to man , t oo o �en is carr ied to a faul t in i t s appl ica
t ion in o ur modern t ime s.
e
-
3.
He Amer i c an s are o b se ssed wi th schedul e s .
We mal:e e xc use s to o ur
asso c iate s when ·we don ' t show up on time for appo intme n t s .
Ind ians
p l ace no gre a t stor e on this phenomenon we re fer to as •;time . "
They
even l a c k a word for it i n the ir l anguage .
4.
An impor tant par t of o ur American e conomic deve lopmen t i s based on
per sona l savings and the ir pro f i tab l e r e inv e st ment .
In the nature
o f things Ind i ans found i t to the ir d i sadvan tage to save .
5.
Ame r i c an s thro ugh a long pro c e ss of many generations have d eve loped
In
a h i gh r e gard for wor k a s a par t o f the ir fami ly upbringin g .
t h e Ind ian s ' hunting and food-ga thering e c onomy, t h e men were warr iors
and hun t er
The ted io us tasks to ma in tain the fami ly and the
l o ca l c o mmun i ty wer e le ft to the o ld men and women.
Thi s was e ssen
t i a l t o e xi sten c e in a t er r i tory where tr i be s wer e con t inua l l y war
r ing against each o ther.
•
The for e go in g signif i c an t d i f ferences have been overcome e f fe ctive ly wi th
e duc a t ion and job o ppor t un i t i e s .
Un for tuna te ly, as ind i cated e ar l ier , work
for a money economy is no t read i l y avai l abl e on the r e serva t ions.
Ind ividuals
who hav� r e sponded t o e d uc a t i o and have an e ffe c t ive d e sire for a d e cent l eve l
of l iv i n g have f o und i t n e c e ssar y to l e ave the r e servations • • •
Ind i an s can chan ge wit ho ut lo sing the subst an ce o f the ir c ul t ure.
There
ar e suf f i c i e n t e xamp l e s everywher e by wh ich we and the Indians can take he ar t • • •
(From Ind ian Re c o rd , Hashington , D . C. , F e br uary 19 6 8 )
TRIBAL HOUSIPG AIDE NAMED
EAS TPORT - Fran c i s S ap i e l has been se l e c t e d ho using coord inator ·for the
Sapie l was born
Passamaquo dd y Triba l Co un c i l s ' Co mmun i t y Action Pro gram.
He i s marr ied t o the
and e duc a t ed in Old Town and is a !or ld War II ve teran.
former Mar y Ni cho l a s of Pleasant Point and has e igh t chi ldren.
Upon b e in g se l e c ted , S ap i e l i ssued the fo l lo wing st a tement:
111 have under t ake n the par t of Housing Coord ina tor of bo th Passamaquod d y
Reserva t ions in Washington Coun t y b e c a use the r e serva t ion i s my home and the
home of my p e o pl e • • • • "
11More peo p l e wan t t o o wn their o w� homes .
The people want homes to·be
avai lab l e , and the y want to d e c ide , thro ugh their Tribal Housing Authoritie s ,
wher e the home s wi l l be p la c e d .
&ow there i s no de cent ho using ava i l a ble ,
even for per sons wi t h higher income .
Housing i s poor and is ge t ting dep lorable . ';
"The Passamaquo dd y peo p l e need a ho us ing program that wi l l of fer warm
I am d e t ermined to he l p
and good housing to per sons of a l l income leve l s.
the p e o p l e o n the Passamaquodd y Reservations cre ate and c arry thro ugh whatever
t yp e of ho using prbgra m the y ·wan t .11
The �for the 19th carried a
(From the Bangor D ai l y News, 2 / 2 3/ 68 .
p i c t ur e o f John Ni cho las and Mor r i s Brooks , o f Pleasan� Point and Indian Town
ship Re servations resp e c tive l y , on the ir d e par t ure for a 6 -wee ks tr aining pro
See le tter on Page 8 , thi s i s s ue . - Ed .)
gram for CAP o f f ic i a l s in Wi sconsin.
�(lS)
I
CO�OP CRAF T TEACHDYG UEVIVE S OLD S T!"LLS
A ne v exper iment in a coopera t ive craf t t e aching progr am on a connuen i ty
c a s i s is now und erway in the Nu lterry Commun i ty , near S t i lwe l l , Cidahoma .
The e f for t i s j o in t ly sponsored by the Cheroke e Tr i�e , t he peop . e of the
Mu lberry Commun i ty , the loca l schoo l d i s t r i c t and the u . s . ure au of Ind ian
Affair s .
I t s aim is to teach local adu l t s the ski l l s nece s s ary for them to
produce high qua l i ty cra f t i t ems .
.
Among the ski l l s taugh t ar e s p l i t whi t e oak baske t ry , po t t ery and ceramic s ,
t ex t i l e s , and s ewing .
Among the t e achers is Ge orge Gibso n of Spr ing f ie l d ,
Ark . , who ha s been making and s e l l ing taske t s for the pas t 60 of his 7 7 year s .
�hen the s tuden t s comp l e te t he ir course of ins tru ct ion they wi l l b e e l ig
ib l e to j o in a cra f t a s s o c i a t ion i n the ir home commun i ty .
F ir s t qua l i ty
i t ems produc e d by cr a f t smen find a ready marke t through the Oklahoma Cheroke e
Ar t s and Cr af t s Center .
(From Ind i an Record , Washing ton , D . C . , January 1 9 6 8 )
__
S TUDY DE110UCE S IND IAN AID E ILL
{ Sp e c i a l to The Time s from The Was hing ton Po s t )
HAS HINGTON - A s tudy b a s e d on the s e cr e t find ings o f a Hhi t e Hou s e task
for c e ca l l s for ma j or chang e s in the way the government he lps Amer i c an Ind i an s .
The s tudy , wr i t ten by He rbert E . S tr iner of the W . E . Up j ohn In s t i tu t e for
Emp l oymen t Re s earch , say s the governmen t mu s t s top t re a t ing Ind ians as 1 1 s imp le
mind ed chi ldren . 1 1
I t also at tacks the Adminis trat ion ' s Ind ian e conomic aid
b i l l , pend ing in Congre s s , as showing 1 1 a trag ic mi sconcept ion • · o f the ir r e a l
need s .
Au t hor S tr iner says he \vro te the s tudy on his mm for Congre s s ' Jo in t
Economi c Commi t te e .
But o thers say S triner was a t ask for ce member , and has
inc lud e d a number of the 1 9 66 pane l ' s never -re leased con c lu s ions as we l l as hi s
own .
The s tudy b las t s the economi c-aid measure , sen t to Cap i t o l Hi l l l a s t May ,
for 1 : comp l e t e ly ' 1 ignor ing In<l ian ne e d s for educat ion , training , hou s ing , \1e l fare
and he a l th he l p " a t a leve l of fund ing never proper ly unders tood . "
(From the S t . Pe t ersburg ( F l a . ) Time s , 2 / 14 / 68 - submi t t ed by a r e ader . )
SEP .
KEHIIBDY
SAYS IND IAN "FORGOTTElln
F OR T HALL , Idaho - (AP) - Sen . r.ob e r t F . Kennedy , D-lI . Y . , t o l d Ind i an � ,
Mr . Kennedy , chairman of a Sena t e
"You d on ' t have to a c c e p t the s e cond i t i on s . "
subcommi t t e e on Ind ian Educat ion , tour ed the snow- swep t F t . Ha l l Ind ian Re serva
t ion ye s terd ay , vi s i t ing schoo l s , hea l th fac i l i t ie s and Ind i an home s .
He s a id the Ind ian is the · forgo t t en American : : and i s behind the Negro ,
Puer to Ri can and Mex ican -American in the aid he is r e c e iving in r i s ing above
pove r ty .
The le\·7 York Demo crat c i t ed the schoo l drop -ou t r a t e , the uns a t i s
fac tory cond i t ion o f Ind ian educa t ion , the $ 1 , 500 average annual income o f
working Ind i an s , a n unemp loymen t r a t e 10 t ime s tha t of whi t e s , the ir 1 0-year s
shor ter l if e s pan , and a child death rate twic e tha t of the whi t e popu lat ion .
(From the Providence . (R . I . ) Evening B u l l e t in , 1 / 3/ 68 - submi t te d by a
read er . >
.
PLEASANT POINT VISTA PICTURED
D a i ly News o f F ebruary 26th carried a p i c ture of Ple a s an t Poin t
11le E angor
VIS TA Uorke r , An thony P-ex Thoma s , t e aching an ar ithme t i c c l a s s to Pas s amaquoddy
Thoma s t eache s 6 r ead ing c l a s s e s and 1 ar ithme t i c c la s s and hope s ·
s tuden t s .
to e s t ab l i sh an on-the - j ob train ing program b e fore l eaving the Res ervat ion a t
C l a s s e s a r e h e l d in a t empor
the end of h i s o n e y e ar tour -of-duty i n Augus t .
ar y c l a s sroom l o aned by the governor and tribal coun c i l to the Dep t . of Educ a t ion .
�( 14 )
WANTED :
DEPUTY COMMIS S IONER OF HIDIAH AFFAT-:'..
Tb e Maine S t a te D epar tment of Ind ian Af fair s is now ac t ive ly recru i t ing
for a D E p u t y Commi s s ioner , a po s i t ion approved by the S e p t emb er s pe c ia l
s e s s ion o f the 103rd Leg i s la ture .
Announcemen t s o f t h e new opening a. r e b e ing
c ir cu l a t e d by the D epar tment of Per s onne l and the Ind ian Af fair s Depar t�ent ,
both wi thin and ou t s id e of Maine , as s t a te r e s idency requiremen t s have b een
waived for this po s i tion.
The Depu ty wi l l b e r e s pons ib le for " p l ann ing , deve l o p ing and admini s tering
a var i e ty of s t a t e and feder a l con s tru c t ion program s 1 1 on the 3 Re s ervat ions
in Maine.
He w i l l b e r e s pon s ib le " in conjunc tion with trib a l off icial s for
d e termining prior i t ie s of cap i t a l improvemen t pr o j e c t s needed on the Re serva t ions ;
for exp lor ing var ious me thod s by wh ich such pro j e c t s may be financed and con
s truc t e d ; and for prov iding adminis trative and te chnical a s s i s tance to the
Tr ibe s and o ther r e s our c e s for capi tal improvement pro j e c t s . "
Current a c t iv i t i e s on al l 3 Re s ervat ions invo lve federa l ly-as s i s t ed s ewage ,
water and hous ing pr ograms , under the d ir e c tion of the 3 R e s erva tion Hous ing
Au thor i t i e s .
From Augu s t ' 66 through Decemb er 1 6 7 , Mr . An thony Ka l i s s , as a
s ta f f member of the Ame r ican Fr iend s Serv i ce Commi t te e a s s igne d to the Dept. o f
Ind i an A f f a ir s , h a s b e e n per forming the above func tion s wi th the 3 R e servat ions
and ( s ince the ir forma t i on ) the Tr i b a l Hous ing Author i t i e s .
Mr . Kal i s s is
now t empor ar i ly o c cupying the Depu ty ' s po s i t ion un t i l such time a s a permanent
Deputy is hire d ; he is not app lying for the po s i tion h ims e l f.
The work of the Deputy Commi s s ioner w i l l require " con s iderab le ab i l ity
t o int erpr e t t e chn i c a l pr ogram r equir ement s to Tr ibal and non-Ind ian individuals
and o f f i c i a l s , and t o interpr e t the nee d s and concerns o f the Re s ervat ion r e s i
d en t s to appropr i a t e s ta t e and federal agency repr e senta tive s . "
The Deputy
wi l l exer c i s e " a high degree of independ e n t j udgment in analy z ing and s o lv ing
t e chn i ca l and admin i s trat ive prob lems . "
Bas i c qua l i f ic a t ion s for thi s important new po s i t ion inc lud e " con s iderab le
r e spon s ib l e exper ience in deal ing and working with minor i ty and / or underd eve l oped
group s , inc lud ing exper ience in an admini s trat ive or supervisory capac i ty ; and
gradua t ion from a Four-year co l lege or un iver s i ty with spec ial i z a t ion in so cial
s c ience s , l iberal ar t s or r e l a te d areas . "
1 1Ab i l i t y to expr e s s id e a s c l early and conc i s e ly , ora l ly and in -wr i t ing ,
i s impor t ant .
Suf f i c ient phy s i ca l s t amina to trave l ex tens ive ly and t o a t tend
many even ing mee t ings , and the ab i l i ty to dr ive a car and the ava i l ab i l i ty o f
a c a r are e s s en t i a l . 1 1
The Deputy ' s po s i t ion is a c l as s i f i e d s t ate c iv i l s ervice one � wi th a :
Regu lar s a l ary increa s e s wou ld eventu a l ly
s tar t ing · s a l ary o f $ 1 69. 00 per week .
b r ing thi s to $ 20 6 . 00 per week , over a per iod of year s at current pay s ca le s .
As in a l l c l a s s i f ie d s ta t e po s i t ions , th�s one a ls o invo .lve s such " fr inge"
b e ne f i t s as promo t iona l oppor tuni t i e s , l iberal vacat ion and s ick leave , r e t ire
men t programs , ho s p i ta l coverage and l i fe�insurance p l ans , and a l ongev i ty p lan .
Maine i s an Equ a l Oppor tun i ty Emp l oyer .
On February 2 8 t h , the D e p t . o f Ind ian Affa ir s s ent notice s of this po s i t ion
The Per s onnel Depar t
to more than 60 Ind i an new s paper s throughout the coun try .
ment has routinely mai l e d mor e than 5 0 0 announcemen t s o f t h e po s i t ion in the
In add i t ion , some 50 ind ividu a l s or agen c i e s that have c lo s e
New Eng l and ar e a .
con t a c t w i th Ind i an t r ib e s throughout the Un i t ed S ta t e s wi l l b e conta cte d a s
sour ce s o f re ference.
Any News le t ter r e ad er i�tere s ted in l e arning more about thts j ob oppor tun
i t y , or in ob t a in ing the s ta t e app l i cat ion forms for the po s i t ion , or who kngws
s ome one who migh t be intere s te d in the p o s i t ion , is urged to contac t : DEPT . OF
App l ications
IND IAN AFFAIRS , S TATE HOUS E , AUGUS TA , MAINE 043 3 0 wi thou t de l ay .
wi l l be a c c e p t e d un t i l May 2 6 , 1 9 68 ; examining and r a t ing by the Per sonne l Dept. ,
and s e le c t ion by the D ep t . o f Indian Affair s , wi l l o c cur a f t er t hat date.
/
�15 )
FERRY - Rand a l l Ni cho l s of the U . s . Departmen t of Lab or , Bur e au of Appr e n
t i ce s h i p a n d Tr a in ing , Augu s t a , was a v i s i tor a t P l
Nich
e a s ant Po in t Tue s d ay .
o l s me t wi th d ir e c to r s of the Pas s amaquoddy Tr ib a l Coun c
i l s ' c . A . P . B o ard and
o the r s of t he C . A . P . s t a f f to d i s �u s s having an on-the- j ob tra ining pro j e c t for
t he Pa s s ama quod d y Ind i an s .
The po s s ib i l i ty o f adu l t educat ion c l a s s e s wa s
a l s o d i s cu s s e d .
In o rd er to qual ify f or federal money f o r an o n - the - j ob t r a in ing pro j e c t ,
t he Ind i an C . A . P . connni t t e e mu s t submi t a pr opo s a l to W a s hingt on , ou t l ining the
typ e s o f work in the ar e a in wh i ch worker shor t ag e s ex i s t , an d g ive f irm as sur
anc e from p r o s p ec t ive emp l oyers that they are wi l l ing to t ake on one or more
p er so n s
to t r a in for the maximum per iod .
Thi s wou ld be sub s id i z ed by feder a l
fund s a t t h e r a t e o f $ 25 per week , per per son in train ing .
Und er
t h i s s y s t em ,
a counc i lor wou ld be hired to
s p o t s b e tw e en emp l oy e r and t r a ine e ,
smo o t h out
the rough
s o tha t prob l ems and mi s und er s t and ings could
b e s o lv e d w i thout unne c e s s ary t ime l o s s .
Coun c i l s e s s ions wou ld b e he l d two
or more n i gh t s a week and the emp l oyer wou l d a l s o b e vi s i t e d a t l e a s t once a
we ek by the coun c i l or .
The D e p ar tme n t of Educ a t i on , r e pr e s en t e d by the
l o c a l super in tenden t o f
s cho o l s , wou ld he l p in cho o s ing a n d approving a qua l i f i e d counc i l or .
s hor tage s
ing wer e me n t io ned :
mo to r r e p a i rman ;
o i l burner and furnac e r e p a irman ;
nav ig at o r s ;
men t o p e r a t o r s and r e p a irman �
c arpen t er s ;
A t tend ing Tue s d ay ' s me e t ing were :
A l t ava t or ,
Work
in d i f ferent o c cup a t ions wer e d i s cu s s ed a t the me e t ing and the fo l l ow
C.A. P.
Board s e cr e t ary ;
p lumb e r s ;
Linwood S ap i e l ,
Tony Thoma s ,
Main s tr e am aide ; Andr eu D ana , hou s ing aide ;
of Ind ian A f f a ir s ;
l awn mower and ou tb oard
e l e c t r i c ian s ;
heavy e qu i p
hou s ing d ir e c tor ; R i t a
VIS TA vo lun teer ; Mary Yarma l ,
Edward Hinckley ,
G overnor Jo s e ph Mi t che l l ; D an i e l F r anc is ,
s t a t e commi s s ioner
C .A . P .
e c onomic
a ide ; Jeane t t e 1oore , memb er of Gov ernor ' s Counc i l ; B e s s i e S t an l e y , commun i ty
a i de ; Virg inia Po t t l e , S andr a Po t t le , Kenn e th Newe l l and Barbara Ke nd a l l .
(From the Bangor Da i ly New s , 2 / 2 9 / 6 8 �
S e e s t ory on Page 1 5 , January i s sue . 1
DE SERVES SUPPORT •
F or t he pa s t s everal mon t hs
tha t wi l l ,
f�me to Skowhegan ' s Ind ian name .
s cu l p ture ,
comp l e t e .
amoun t .
'
to pay f or the c arving and
i
The carv ng ,
a lr eady underway by the no t e d
$ 10 , 000 .
Alre ady ,
t he l o c a l a s s o c
through i t s own e f f or t s r a i s ed severa l thous and d o l lar s toward s t h i s
Even
though thi s
i s a pro j e c t / this group ha s und a:t aken t o advance
i t · d e s erve s
the support of a l l .
• • •
(From t he Somer s e t Repor ter . ( S kowhegan ) , 2 / 1 5 / 68 .
6 7 New s le t t er and fo l low-up s tory nex t mon th . - Ed . )
PASSAMAQUODDY GIRL
Mi s s Veron i ca Moore ,
in S e p t emb e r ,
g r and -d augh ter of Mr s .
Mary Moor e ,
1968 .
A s e n ior a t Shead Memor i a l Highs choo l in Eas tpor t ,
d o in Co l le g e ' s Upward Bound progr am dur ing
a f ormer Upward Bound s tuden t ,
B idde ford . }
8,
Ple a s an t Po in t ,
N.H. ,
for admi s s i on
and a s tuden t a t Bow
the p a s t two y e ar s , Veron i c a wi l l
b e e n t e r ing Co lby Jun ior ' s 2 -year s e cr e t ar i a l program .
Ind ian Town s hip ,
S e e s tory on Page
GAINS COLLEGE AC CE PTANCE
has b e en a c c e p t e d by Co lby Jun i or C o l lege in New Lond on ,
Co l le g e ,
. ere c t t9n
B e rnard Lang l a i s o f Cu shing , Maine , wi l l t ake a numb er o f mon ths to
the image o f Sl-:owhe gan ,
May
•
in i t s un i quene s s , br ing muclL pul:ii c i ty and
The e s t ima t e d co s t was approx ima t e ly
i a t ion h a s
•
the Skowhegan Tour i s t Ho s p i t a l ity A s s o c i a t ion
has been qu i e t ly en gaged in r a i s ing fund s
of an Ind i an monume n t
•
(George W i s eman ,
of
i s now a fre shman a t S t . F r anc i s
�(16)
D IP.EC TORS OF COUNTY E . D . C . MEE T A T M' CHIAC
by Ri chard Varney , S e c r e tary
The dire c t or s of vJashing ton Coun ty E conomi c Deve lopmen t Corpor a t ion me t
a t the F ed era l Bui ld ing , Nachia s , on \Jedne sday even ing , January 3 1 , ui.th Pre s
ident Nat han Cohen pr e s i d ing
Gue s t s were as fo l l ows : i J i l l iam F i t zhenry ,
Economi c Deve l opme n t Admin i s trat ion , Por t l and o f f i c e ; Waldo Tibb e t t s , As s i s t ant
D i r e c t or , PR IDE ; Tony Ka l i s s , Departmen t o [ Ind ian Affair s ; Ar chie LaCoo te ,
Ind i an Re s erva t ion C . A . P . D i r e c tor , Pr in ce ton ; Tony Thoma s , Franc i s S apie l ,
John Ni cho l a s and Eugene Fran c i s , a l l of Plea s ant Point .
The f ir s t order of bu s i ne s s wa s to l i s ten to a propo s a l from the Ind ian
R e s erva t ion Hou s ing Au thor i t ie s , which are a sking for a government grant of
$ 650 , 000 to f inance t he fo l lowing faci l i t ie s :
P l e a s an t Poin t Re s erva t ion : Con s truct ion of a new comp l e t e s ewer age system
inc l ud ing t r e a tmen t f ac i l it i e s
exp an s ion of the ex i s t ing wa ter mains a t the
Re s erva t ion to provid e a comp l e t e po t ab l e wa ter supp ly and conne c t ion s to each
home
Ind i an Town ship Re s erva t i on ( Pe t er Dana Poin t cormnun i ty ) : Cons truct ion
of a n ew wa ter d i s t r ibut ion , treatmen t and pr e s sure s y s t em , wh i ch wi l l provide
a s our ce o f fr e s h and pur e wa ter to the Re s erva t ion home s
ex tens ion s of
exi s t ing s ewag e co l le c t ion l ine s
The
App l i c a t ion i s b e ing made to the E . D . A . for the F e der a l share ( 70%) .
S t a t e of Maine is �o con t r ibute the b a lance ( 3 0% ) .
The Ind i an Re serva t i on
Hou s ing Au thor i t i e s ar e t he app l i can t s , and their repr e s e n t a t ive s a sked for a
" le t t e r of endor s eme n t 1 1 from the Coun ty Deve lopment Cor porat ion .
The D ir e c tor s vo ted to support the pro j e c t s and d ir e c t e d the Secretary
to pr epare a l e t ter ind i c a t ing the i r endor s emen t
Mr . F i t zhenry of E . D . A . que s t ioned the makeup of our Board a s to i t s me e t
i n g t h e r e qu ir ement s of an Overa l l E conomic D eve lopmen t Plan commi t tee .
For
o n e t hing , he s ta ted that i t d id n o t have any repr e s en ta tion from minori ty
group s .
Qui te a long and hea t ed d i s cus s ion r e s u l ted
(From the Machi a s News Ob s erver , 2 / 14 / 68 )
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• • •
•
•
•
• • • •
CLUB COLLEC TS FOR INDIANS
WI S CAS SET - G ame s and s ewing ma t e r ia l s wi l l be co l le c ted for Maine Ind ian s
by memb e r s o f A l pha Iota Chapter of B e t a Sigma Phi as par t of the ir s ervice
work this y e ar .
A l e t ter has b e en rece ived from E l i zab e t h S tanley , an aide with the Ind ian
Commun i ty Ac t i on Program , who s a id that the Ind ians wou l d appre c ia te game s of
all t ype s and any kind o f s ewing ar t ic l e s .
I f the re s iden t s of the commun i ty wou ld l ike to don a t e such ar t i c l e s ,
they may con tac t Mr s . Jack Winter s , Mr s . Edvi l l e Howland or Mr s . An thony Jord an
for p i ck-up .
(From t he Brun swi ck Time s -Re col'.ld , 2 / 14/ 6 8 )
SMOKE S IGNALS
Working at the d e s k nex t to mine on the 1 6 th f l oor of a bui ld ing in Bar t l e s
v i l l e , Ok la . , was a Cherokee Ind i an .
From our van tage poin t on a c lear day
we c ou ld s e e for mi l e s .
One morn ing we s a1:-1 smoke r i s ing from a f ire on the
hor i z on .
My fr iend went to the wind6w , shaded his eye s wi th hi s hand and
s tud ied the smoke f or a l ong momen t .
Turn ing to me w i th a twinkle in hi s eye ,
he s aid , " I don ' t b e lieve a word of i t . "
(From the Reader ' s D i g e s t , February 1 9 6 8 )
�( 1 7)
FRON HERE AND THERE
S i s t er Nary Lawr ence , 8 5 , a S i s ter of Mercy who a t one t ime served in
Lewi s ton , d i e d S aturday at the ord er ' s Mo ther House at Por t land a f t er a long
i l lne s s
S i s ter Nary Lawrence had serve d at a l l three of Ma ine ' s Ind ian reser
vat io n s
(From the Le·w i s ton-Auburn Journa l , 1 / 29 / 68 )
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Pe j e p s c o t Hi s tor i c a l S o c i e ty mee t ing at Bowd o in Co l lege o n January
29th he ard a t a lk by Dr . Robert Cummin s of ""owdoinham on the Ma l i s e e t Ind ian
Tribe of Merryme e t ing Bay .
The E angor D a i ly Nei:·1s of February 1 7- 1 8 th carr ied a p i c ture of the fir s t
a l l - Ind i an Pas s amaqu oddy B o y S cout troop , chartered a t spec i a l exer c i s e s i n
Prince ton on February 1 3 th .
Pic tured were Scou t s Timmy S teven s , . en j amin
S t evens , Char l e s S tevens , Augu s t ine S tevens , Howard S tevens , Chr i s topher Po l c he s ,
John Dana ; S cou tmas ter G i lbert: He l l s , Ind ian Town ship Governor John S t evens ,
and are a S cou t exe cu t ive Ear l Reed .
Among the town record s of Phi l l i p s town are volume s of cop i e s of d e e d s
repor t ing s a l e s _ o f land from Ind ian Sagamore s to ear ly re s ident s of the com
mun i ty , whi ch b e c ame the town of S anford some 100 year s after be ing e s tab l i shed
as Phi l l i p s t own .
Colby C o l lege Sen ior David Berube , who served as a V I S TA Vo lunteer on
the Ind i an Town ship De s ervat ion for a ye ar , spoke to s tudent a s s emb l i e s at
Coney High Scho o l , Augu s t a , and Ken t s Hi l l S choo l , Ken t s Hi l l , recen t ly , about
hi s work on the P.e serva t ions last year and the n a t iona l V I S TA program .
Mon t ana S t a t e Univer s i ty , found ed on o l d Ind ian hun ting ground s , d id �
honor an Ind i an l e ad er , Darney Old Coyo te at i t s 7 S th ann iversary ce lebrat ion
Old Coyo te , 4 5 , wi l l r e c e ive an honorary d o c torate for many
during F ebruary .
ach ieveme n t s .
They inc lud e his pr e s ent work as a s s i s t ant to Secre t ary of In
ter ior S tewar t Ud a l l in charge of Job Cor ps camps .
Pas s amaquoddy Leg i s la t ive Repre senta t ive George Fran c i s , of Pleasant
Po in t , t e s t i fied in Augus t a on February 2 1 s t be fore a 5 -man subcommi t tee of the
Leg i s l at ive Re s ear ch Commi t tee , d i s cu s s ing s t a te l i quor laws and Li quor Com
Repr e s enta tive Franc i s repor ted tha t boot legg ing is r i fe on
mi s s ion ru l e s .
"He don ' t have a wa t er supply
the tribal r e s erva tions in W a shing ton Coun ty .
(BDN , 2 / 2 2/ 68 )
but we have l i quor , a t boot l eg pr i ce s , " he said .
S e quoia tre e s ar e named after the Cherokee chie f , S e quo -Yah , who com
p l e ted the f ir s t a l phab e t ever d ev i s ed for an Ind i an tongue .
Senator E . L . Bar t le t t , D-Alaska , warned of a grave and po tent ia l JJ · ��- .
ger ou s s i tu a t ion in the na tion ' s ar c t ic reg ions whe r e U . s . c i t i zeL s o( E s k imn
and Ind ian s tock r e ly pr imarily on caribou for the ir pr in c i pa l food sonfte
Ar c t i c l i chen , or tundra mo s s , ha s been found to be he av i ly con tamina ted w i th
two r ad ioac t ive e l emen t s , as r e su l t of fa l lout prior to the world b an on nuc lear
In each s tep of
te s t ing .
Caribou eat the l i chen as a ma in food source .
the food chain , the amoun t s of the rad ioac t ive e l emen t s become incre as ing ly
concentr a t ed .
The e lemen t s affe c t the mu tat ion o f gene s truc tur e which can
lead to d e f ormi t i e s in unborn ch i l dren , and also can cau s e leukemia and bone
cancer .
Bar t le t t was te s t i fy ing at a he ar ing chaired by Sena tor Edmund s .
Muskie , D-Ma ine , on nuc lear air and water po l lu t i on .
_
�c8)
r£ SERVATION PLANNING DISCUS SEn
of
AUGUS TA
The fir s t compr ehens ive e conomic deve l opmen t pl an in 300 year s
con t ac t be tween the Pas s amaquoddy Tr ibe of Maine and non -Indian immigran t s
was the s ub j e c t of d i s cu s s ion a t a n in ter -agency mee ting he ld i n Augu s ta on
Mar ch S t � .
Repre s en t a t iv e s of the Pa s s amaquoddy Tr ib a l Counc i l s ' Commun ity
Ac t ion Progr�, the S ta te Depar tmen t s o f Ind ian Affair s , Economi c Oppor tun i ty
and E conomic Deve lopme n t , and the U . S . Depar tmen t of Hou s ing and Urb an Deve lop
men t me t in a day - l ong s e s s ion to d i s c u s s the pr o cedur e s to be fol lowed in ob tain
ing a feder a l gran t for 75% of the co s t of a compr ehen s ive p l an for the two . Pa s s
ama quodd y Re s erva tions in Washing ton Coun ty .
I t i s an tic ipated tha t the 2 5 % non
F ederal r e quiremen t cou l d be me t by the provi s ion of cash and s ervi ce s by various
s ta t e depar tmen t s .
Pa s samaquoddy C . A . P . Direc tor Ar chie LaCoo te and his Hou s ing Coord inator ,
F r anc i s Sapie l , wi l l b e d i s cu s s ing the s e po s s ib i l i t ie s w i th the Trib e s ' Commun i ty
Ac t i on b oard o f d i r e c t or s in mee t ing s this week , a s s i s ted by repre s en ta t ive s o f
a New York - b a s e d consu l t ing f irm , Communi ty Change , Inc . , wh ich i s con tracted
to the C . A . P .
The federal r e pr e s e n t a t ive s emphas i zed the ir in tere s t in making any p lan
comp kt: e enough to e l imina te the nec e s s i ty for such a document in fu ture app l i ca
tions t o fede r a l agen c i e s for s p e c i f i c programs .
· The Pa s s amaquoddy Trib e s (as
we l l a s the Penob s c o t Tr ib e ) have a lready begun nego t ia t i ons w i th the De pt . of
Hous i ng and Urban Deve lopmen t , and the federal E conomic Deve lopmen t Admin i s tra t ion ,
for t he d eve l opmen t o f ad e qu a t e s ewage , wa ter and hous ing programs on the 3 Re s
erva t ion s .
I f approved , the s e w i l l r e pre s en t the f ir s t such programs on any
� Re s ervat ion in the coun try , though they are increas ing ly common o � Re s er
va tions whi ch are under the j ur i s d i c t i on o f the fe der a l government .
A typical comprehen s ive p lan wou l d inc l ud e an inve n t ory of the human , phy s
i ca l and na tura l r e s ource s o f the a r e a in que s t ion ; a s tudy of the s e re source s
and any prob lems a f f e c t i�g the ir deve lopmen t ; and s pe c i f i c sugge s t ions for fu ture
The Tr ibe would b e as ked to
improvemen t pro grams to d evelop the s e r e s ource s .
appr ove the propo s a l b e fore it is submi t ted to the DHUD , and wou l d se le c t and
over s e e the con s u l t an t to carry ou t the s tudy .
Ind ian Commi s s ioner Edward Hin ckley told the New Engl and Regional Commi s
s ion in Novemb er , 1 96 7 , a t a pub l i c hearing : " The Tr ib e s of Maine have l i t t l e
or no u s e ab l e in come a t pr e s en t .
The deve lopmen t o f Tribal re s our c e s i s an
obv ious n e c e s s i ty .
It i s too l a t e to turn b ack through Co lon i a l h i s t ory and
preven t today ' s Ind i an prob lems .
Maine ' s fir s t c i t i zen s mus t be a s s i s ted so
t hey may p l ay a meaningfu l and proud par t in the S ta t e ' s s oc i a l and e conomic
deve lopmen t . "
The Mar ch 5 th mee t ing wi l l open the door to the s e goa l s for the Pas sama
quoddy Tr ib e ; t he c ooper a t ion b e twe en the Tr ib e s ' own Commun i ty Ac tion Program
and the appro pr iate s ta t e and fede r a l agen c i e s w i l l make pos si b l e s ome long
overdue compr ehens ive Tr ib a l p l anning .
-
IND IAN YOU TH ADVANCE THEIR EDUCATION
Mi s s Alb er t a Nicho la s , daughter of Mr . and Mr s . Jo seph Ni cho las of Pleasant
Po in t , s t a r t e d t ra in ing a s a Prac t i c a l Nur s e a t the Nor thern Maine S choo l of
Ap p l y ing las t S e p t ember to the S ta t e ' s nur s ing scho o l s
Nur s in g in Pre s qu e I s l e .
Mi s s Ni cho l a s ' admi s s ion had to be p o s tponed un t i l t h e March c l a s s due to a
s hor tage o f space .
Mr . David Franc i s , Jr . , son of Mr . and Mr s . David . Franc i s , Sr . , of Pl easan t
Poin t , h a s b e en · accep ted in nex t S e p t embe r ' s freshmen c l a s s a t the Nor thern
Mr . Fran c i s i s pre s e n t ly a sen ior at
Maine Vocat iona l - Te chni c a l Ins t i ttt e .
Shead Memor i a l High S cho o l , in E a s tpor t .
B o th s tuden t s w i l l be bene f i t ing from the Ind ian s cho l arships au tho r i zed
by the S ta t e B oard of Educat ion in the summer o f 1 9 6 6 .
�(19)
HinCKLEY ANNOUNCE S PROGMH REDUCTICNS
Due
to
inc r e a s e d c o s t s o f go od s and servi c e s provL� 2 d by the :nd ian Af f a i r s
Commi s s i oner Edward Hinc k l ey a s ke d the January s p e c i a l s e s s ion o f
t he l 0 3r d Leg i s l a ture f o r supp l eme n t a l appropr i a t ions of $ 4 8 , 000 f o r t h e remaind e r
D e par tmen t ,
of t he cur ren t f i s c a l y e ar and for nex t f i s c a l year , b e g inn ing Ju ly 1 , 1 9 6 8 .
The fina l re s u l t o f th i s r e que s t wa s an add i t ional sum o f $ 1 8 , 000 for the curren t
y e ar only , and order s t o Hin ck ley t o take imme d i a t e s t e p s t o keep' depar tmen t a l
s pend ing w i thin the l e g i s l a ture ' s appropr i a t ion .
( S e e s tory o n P a g e 1 9 , January
New s le t ter .
- Ed
.
)
At a Pe nob s c o t Tr ib a l me e t ing on F ebruary 2 1 s t , a j o in t me e t ing of the
Pas s ama quoddy Counc i l s on F ebruary 2 5 t h , and Pa s s amaquoddy Tr ibal mee t ing s at
P l e a s an t
Po i n t and Ind ian Town ship on the 2 6 t h and 2 7 th , Hi nckley d i s cu s s e d the
s i tua t i on and t he ne c e s s ary program reduc tions wi th the Ind i an s .
As an ind iv idua l as s i s tan c e p�ogram , b a s e d on s p e c i f i c in c ome and n ee d ,
has b een in e f f e c t a t t he Penob s c o t Re s erva t ion for y e ar s , r e du c t i on s there wi l l
b e accomp l i s he d o n a c a s e -by- c a s e b a s i s , oper a t ing ��i thin the fund s ava i l ab l e
for the r en:.z inder o f the f i s ca l year .
At t he Pa s s amaquo ddy Re s erva t i�ns , an ind iv idual a s s i s tance program i s
b e ing s e t u p b y f i e l·� agen t H . G .We s ton ; work o n such a progr am , wh i ch was d e emed
e s s e n t i a l by the D ep t . of He a l t h and We l fare in 1 9 6 2 , b u t never e s t ab l i s he d , b e
g an w i t h Mr . W e s ton ' s appoin tmen t l a s t Oc tob e r .
Such a program w·i l l · permi t the
equ i t ab l e admin i s t r a t ion of as s i s tance s e rvi c e s , whe ther they expand
for the fu tur e ) or mu s t b e r e d u c e d ( a s i s t h e c a s e a t pr e s en t ) .
In add i t i on ,
(as
to b r ing y e ar ly s p end ing wi thin appropr i a t e d amoun t s ,
is ho p e d
some
pr ev iou s ly ' ' b lanke t " programs a f f e c t ing the two Pa s s amaquoddy Re s erva t ions have
had to be cu t -b a ck ,
at
me d i c a l t r an s p or t a t ion ;
c o l l e c t phone
calls
s e rvi c e s
( ex c e p t for exp e c t an t mo thers ) ;
(now t o
to t h e C a l a i s f i e l d o f f i ce
b e a c ce p t ed o n l y from Tr ib a l Governor s o r Lt .
pe c t an t mo ther s ) ;
The s e inc lud e l o c a l
le a s t un t i l a f t e r the f ir s t of Ju ly .
j
Governor s ) ; ou t-pa t ie n t me d i c a l
f
x
pre s cr ip t ion �x g en s e s
ex ce E t tor
n
t
( ex c e p t for pr � R fi o g� ch£ 3f�� �
and fr e s h mi lk d e l iver i e s
�
�
f
Per s o n s r e c e iv ing any o f the above serv i c e s from the Div i s ion of Gener a l As s i s
t an c e , D e p t . o f He a l th and W e l fare , or through var ious Pub l ic A s s i s t an c e programs ,
w i l l n o t be a f f e c t ed .
Other forms of we l fare as s i s t an c e wi l l be prov ided in
l ine w i t h the
by-c a s e b a s i s .
ind iv idu a l fami ly budge t s wh i ch Mr . He s ton i s pre par ing on a c a s e
In -pa t ie n t me d i ca l c ar e i s n o t a f f e c t ed .
the February me e t ings s ugg e s ted a numb er of way s
expen s e s c o u ld be r e duced ; one _o f tbe s e 'wa s . _ "borrowing " nex t y e ar ' s fue l money
Hinckley ob t a ined permi s s ion
for u s e in curr e n t general a s s i s t an c e programs .
to this e f f e c t from the S t a t e Commi s s ioner o f F inance and Admin i s t ra t ion , per
mi t t ing the ab ove -men tioned exc e p t ions to the re s t r i c t ions on mi lk , ou t - p a t i e n t
nie
Pa s s amaquodd y Tr ib e a t
care , a n d p r e s cr i p t io n s .
Hinckl ey ho p e s tha t , a f ter t he f ir s t o f Ju ly , s ome of the above s e rv i c e s
may b e r e t urne d , though t he amoun t avai lab l e to the D e par tme.n t for nex t year ' s
The e s t ab l i shmen t o f
program i s no gr e a t er t han tha t avai l ab le curr en t ly .
ind iv idua l a s s i s t an ce bud g e t s shou l d , i n any ca s e , permi t next y ear ' s program t o
oper a t e wi tho u t ma j o r chang e s during the 1 2 -mo nth period i n que s t ion .
IND IANS ELE C TED TO COUN'IY C . A . P . B OARD
In a s er i e s of 7 Wa sh ing ton Coun ty e l e c t ions for the Coun ty ' s RegionA�
A c t ion Age ncy ' s b oard of d ir e c t or s , John Gar f i e ld' Homan o f Plea s an t Po i n t wa s
e l e c t e d a r e p r e s e n t a t ive o f the p o or from Reg ion 5 , and Gov . Jo s eph Mi t che l l
I n Region 7 , Lo l a S ockaba s in and S imon
a s a Region r e pr e s en t a t iv e - a t - large .
Soclcab a s in , b o t h of t he Ind i an Town s h i p R e s erva t i on , were e l e cted as tha t Reg ion ' s
A to tal of 2 3 repre s � n t a t iv e s o f t he poor or a t
two repre s en t a t ive s -a t - l arge .
large were e l e c t e d in the
7 Region e l e c t ion s .
�r-
; · :.
.,___....
-- -
/
: ,. '. t_
'
I
- -
-
.
•
....\..I '-�.
,
.
· -
·
} !
;
\_·
· -- --
JUNE
17, 1968
..
�-
S PECIAL STATE-W IDE ELECTION
�
} l.
c-1
·��
e n -·
(_2
,'
_:)
\'1 ·�
IJ ;� ON
REFERENDUM QUE S TION No . 1
" SHALL THE S TATE PROVIDE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MODERNIZATION OF SCHOOL FACILITIES
AT THE THREE INDIAN RE SERVATIONS AND CONSTRUCT WATER AND SEWAGE FACILITIES AT
· IND IAN TOWNSHI P RESERVATION IN PRINCE TON BY I SSUING BOND S IN THE AMO�T OF
$ 384 , 000 , PAS SED AT THE SECOND S PECIAL SESS ION OF THE 103RD LEGISLATURE ? "
Vote
�
Vote
�
Vote � Vote
!§!
Vote YES Vote
!!§_
Vo te � Vote � Vote � Vote
OPECIAL NOTE :
So-cal led " Independ en t" vo ters - tho s e not enro l led as Repub l icans
or Demo crat s - WILL be ab l e to vote on pr imary e l ection day , June 1 7 th .
That 1 s
because re ferendums on three bond i s sues wi l l be held in conjunc tion with the
b a l l o t ing for par ty �ominee s .
ANY REGISTERED VOTER WILL BE ABLE TO BALLOT ON
BOND IS SUE S INVOLVING PROJECTS AT THE INDIAN RE SERVATIONS , Farming ton S tate Col lege
and Maine Mar itime Academy .
JUNE 1 7 - QUE S TION No . 1 - VOTE �
-
JUNE 1 7 - QUE STION No . 1 - VOTE � - JUNE 1 7
•
AND TELL YOUR FRIENDS !
- � � � - - - - - - -- � � - - - - - - - - - -- - � - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - -- - �
MUSEUM OF INDIAN RELICS I$ PLANNED
PR INCETON - Indian Coimnuni ty Action Program Director Archie LaCoo te re turned
Thur sday from a 3-day training program and mee ting for a l l Maine CAP d iFector s
at King f i e l d
The CAP Direc tor announced the po s s ib i l i ty of beginning a Pas s ama
quoddy Indian Museum Library wa s discu s s ed during the February me eting of the
Pa s samaquoddy CAP board of d irectors in Calai s .
The mee t ing was the f ir s t he ld
under the new b oard chairman , Governor John S tevens of Pr ince ton .
Tile mu seum
l ibrary is be ing · sough t in an e ffor t to s ave the remaining Ind ian ar tifac t s ,
hi s tor i ca l ly impor tan t documen t s and exampl�s of anc ient Ind ian crafts s t i l l ex
Gov . Joseph Mi tche l l of Pleasant Point sugge s ted tha t s ince
i s t ing i n the area .
o ld exampl e s of some crafts would b e almos t impo s s ib le to ob tain • some, reproduc·
• • •
�(21)
(LI:TT- RS
c o n t in u e d
Li gh t ,
that
ar e
but
extrac t
auto
las t
a wh o l e
.: o l d
cut ,
A
ash
on
the
are
hold
more
fe
i
·
and
s c ale
fish
of
of
i s mad e
fac t ory
lus t e r
d e mand .
b as ke t s .
l o nge r .
the
of
n e �r l - - f r o
a s h b aske t s ..i: t h a t
And
fr om
Yet
wh e r e
they are
t r ib e
d e ma n d
the
c an
e x
far
F i s h e r m e n are
each
o t he rs '
on ly a
its
s aid
b oat s ,
few priv a t e
Pa s sai , a q u o d d y pe o p l e
ope rat ors
or
are
so
of
s c ale
that
b a s ke t s .
to
land
The
ash
in
b aske t s
J.i.r r o2 t o ok
good
to
trees
and r . a n y f i s h e rman a n d
Po in t ,
an a s h
t he s e
own e r s
Pas s a�a
t ak e
often
b e c&use
t o p u t 11o r e
Ple a s an t
c on v i n c e d
to cut . '
l i v i n g . p o und i n g
n o w a l l o ·,1 e d
make s
us e .
into 15
s c i e n t i.J3 t s
S ince
es�ence
of
fac t or ie s
s old t o
�o s t l y
s c a. l e s .
in e xpe _ _ s iv e
gr e a t e r
In d ian
Pas s aillaq u o d d y I n d i an s
The
f o r t he
land
a who le
b a sk e t s
given
· r o f i t ab le
fish
in ever
plots
p or t i on
hav e
11ses
le t i c s - - t he
nre
fish
o ak and pl a s t i c s c a l e b as k e t s s i.wp ly d o
Pas s ama q u o d dy In dians c ann o t find e n o u gh a s h t r e e s
the
a n d �e av i n g s c a le
C ou nt y
� os
pale
b a s ke t s
f r om h e r r i n g
F a c t o ry made
But
go od
quoddy ash
it
to
s e as o n
u p ..
a s h s c a le
o f pearl
i inding n e w
pa in t
t h e s u pp l y .
c e ed s
not
to
i r o n - l i ke
e s se n c e
c on t i n u a l l y
good
6)
f r om pa g e
log is
well
us e d when
Pa s s araa q u o d d y I n d i an s me a n
o f P l e a s a n t P o i n t a s k e a c h lan�own e r i n A rr o s t o c k C o un t y t o a l l ow e v e r y
in
no way t o
ash
t re e
har m
that
e a rn
their
D e ar
I li a v e
he
the
c an
land
s par e ,
ill aost
s c r i pt i o n
n e vs le t t e r
b e en
I aui e n c l o s i n g
to
JOU
sen t
Y o u wi l l
I
to
the
e a c h �o n t h ' s
I n d ia ns
to be
land
cut ,
so
own e r s .
that
a ll w in t e r with one
l av e n ' t b e e n ab l e
c op i e s
priv a t e
the
T h e Pas s awa q u o d d i e s
P a s s ama q u o d d i e s
c an
li v i n g .
T h o mps on ,
!r s .
of
me
be
car e
of
1967
in
t ha t
f or '
t o know
t ha t I
for
1 968
$ 5 . 00
not
Two
a n o t he r ,
find
to
s h ow t n y ap� r e c i a t i o n .
extra
s ome t h in g i n
y w o rk a s C ha i rman
the
D . A. R .
Th ank
so I
f o r ;:.1 y s u b
d o l l ar s' is
d ollars
for ,
ne ws .
of
t he
after
n ow .
pay
I c a n a lw ays
c an u s e i n
r e a d i n g a ll
c o ld
b e fore
and three
I did
Ph o e n i x Chap t e r
e n J OY
this
money qrde r
a
g l ad
is sue
in F or t
als o
t c. ! ·e
y ou a gain
for all
the
the
n e .v s l e t t e r
o f Ame r i c an
f o r y o u r kin dne s s .
H a r r i e t Krumh o l t z
N e w B e d � ord ,
( Ed i t o r
the
's
note :
an d w a s
: o r ld ,
le t t e r
on
t h e f o l l ow i n g ar t i c le is b e ing r e pr i n t e d f r om T h e C h ur c h
Re fe r t o
w r i t t e n b y Pe t e r J . T u rn e r , F e b r ua r y 16 , 1968.
page
gone unh e e d e d .
T he
ille gi
t e rm
the
e l fa r e
thre e
4. )
of
pr ob l ems
i ma c y ,
Mas s .
As
t he
d e p l o r a b le
a
all
r e s e rv a t i on s have
many �
are
a l c h o l i sm , �n e mp l oyme n t ,
h ousi ng ,
d e pe n d e 1 c y and
Ma i n e
in
Ind i a n s
a re sul t ,
un . , :e t
43 0
per
rtle d i c a l and
c &pi t a annual
c on t r i b u t e d
to
and
they ' ve
school
d en t a l
in c ome
ge ne r a l i z e d
ge n e r a l l y
drop- ou t s ,
n e e ds ,
f or
long
t \1 0
of
apa t h y an d
t h e r e c e n t e f f o r t s t o b r in g a o o u t v a s t c h a n �e s i n t h e r e s e r v
c owm u n i t i e s , t h e D i o c e s an B r e a u o f H uma n R � la t i on s S e rv i c e s h e lpe d
s �0n s o r a s u · e r • pe a c e c or p ' pr o gr a m on t h e r e s e r v n t i on s l a s t ye ar .
d e pr e s s i on .
Am o n g
a t i on
an t 1 r o p o l o "' y , s o c i e:.. l ·· a rk ,
w i t h c l ia p l a i n s , t h e I n d i a n s ,
Repre s e n ta t iv e s
f r ow t h e
fie lds
of
an d p .sy c h o l o t:;y · .v orke d · f o !' s i x lil o n t h s
r e lig ion ,
n u r. s i n g ,
C ommi t t e e
w o r k on
( U US C )
the
pr e pa r in g
r e s e rva t i o n s
S tate
for
the
o f f i c ia l s
pr o j e c t ,
t h e ms e lv e s .
e d uc a t i on ,
and
and
the
then
s o c i o l o �y ,
Un i t ar i a n - Un i v e r s a l i s t
t wo
m on t hs
of
v o l un t e e r
s e r v i c � s to t h e
p r o g r a m h i gh l i gh t e d t h e gaps t ha t e x i s t e d in
e s u l t , t h e B HRS e mba r k e d o n a s � r i e s o f pr o grams ,
c ommun i t i e s .
As a dire c t r
( C on t i n u e d on page 2 2 )
The
�(
�he
in
C hu r c h
if o r l d ,
c o n j un c t i o n
wun i t y A c t i o n
e f fort
to
A
s t ep
fill
t h e se
vices
to
c ondu c t
RN ,
Ma r y D e n i s
of
ama q u o d d ys ,
ed
and
to
A
school
fa c e s
B u r e au
/ of
is
t o.k i n g
The
the
B ur e a u
and
n ow
t he
fo
r
J'v1o r c-
among
the
for
o ft e n
year
als o
e v e n t ud l
The
the
By
s t ep
in
pr o p o s i n g an
the
to
a ll e v ia t e
what
is
a pp e a. r s
the
to
sch ool
youths
unab l e
t o .ue e t
t his
the
thG
to
f i n an c ia l
is
e d uc a t i o n a l
( s ic )
of
a
an d
p up i l
In d i a n s
pr e s e n t l y
a loo i n f u t ur e
c h ap l a i n s ,
deac ons
r e s e rv a t i on s
are
s oc io lly ,
a nd
t i on ,
wi t h
b ut
als o
B ur e au
ne e d e d
s ma l l
t he
and
mode rn
but
they
Chur c h
our
diocese .
in
agen c i e s ,
p r o gr e s s .
not
the
not
w ou l d m o r e
only
Po i n t .
orien tation
t he
baRc
s ki l l s
c h ap l a i n s
re lated
in
c l o s e ly guar
s e c onda�Y. e d u c
the
for
p r o 0 r aill
r e s e rv a t i on s .
Bee .use
t he
c u l t ur a l l y , e d u c a t i o n a l l y ,
mus t a s s um e a C h r i s t - l i ke fun c
r e l i gi o us
t he
in
h is t ory
p o t en t ia l s ,
a nd
s t r i c ke n
t e c hnique s ,
to
cas e
purs u i t s .
the
domons t r a t e
a.
l- r o graw a n d
Pe t e r D an �
deve lop a
on
p ov e r t y
And
at
o b j e c t iv e s
I n d i an Hi s s i o ns
d i f f i c u l t ie s
wh i c h
t h e o t ud e n t ,
t o tal answe r
t h e y pr o v id e
will
an
o f C hur ch
a n d r.'f.aim '
is
He
ad j us t men t s ,
s t a t i on e d
a s s i s t an c e
mai n t e na n c e
Th is
parish hall
the
c y c le
t o ge t h e r
total
c or p '
t o d e v e l op
e c o n omica lly ,
F i nan c i a l
t he
of
and nuns
t he
/
f o r t he
' pe c'. c e
costs ,
h an d i c ap ,
in h i r i n g a c o-0 r d in a t o r o f t h e n e w
wi l i � t o i d n e t i f y e a c h y o u n gs t e r
v o c a t i on a l
hopes
a
e n ga g e d
c ur re n t
success
of
h e l p pay
the se
b r e ak
t he
$ 50 , 000
year 1 s
c o un s e l i n g s e r v i c e s
n e c e s sary
c on t i n u e d
but
Tlie
them .
and
a h i gh
who ....s e l e c t s
..
p r o � r am b r i n g i n g
imp l e me n t
t o t a li n g
mu c h
be
imp l e �e n t a t i o n
is
h e lpi n g
r e pe a t i n f; l as t
c on s t ru c t i on
pr e
s ywp t orns
p opu l a t i on .
not ,
r e �o v i n g
e s tab l i s j
e xp e l id ur e s
s t u d en t ' s p a s t
the
a t ion
CJ L
a t t e mp t
the
h i gh
I nd i an s .
inc lude
Bureau
pr o v i d e
an t e e
in
c o ugh me d i c i n e
' pain - r e l ie v ii. 1 g 1
Pas s a ma q u o dd ys .
D iv i s i o n ' s s e rv i c e s .
B i s f un c t i on
f r om t h e r e s e rv a t i o n n o w i n h i gh s c h o o l .
and
of
Pa s s
when need
c t iv i t i e s .
·
t han
r e s e r v .-i t i on
it h d e awa l .
,Jo r e
r ·1ar y
the
t h r e a t me n t
as p i� i n ,
e x c h a n ge
diab e te s
avai lab l e
i n v o lv e d ,
A n t i c ip a t e d
of
of
b e i n g r e s e ar c h e d
fe e s .
one
S is t e r
ph ys i c i a n's d i agn o s i s .
C a la i s
f fo m t h e
is
a ge n c i e s
e d u c a t i o n _. t o
this
the
. misu s e
o f which
a
now
in
uia j o r
Indian S e r
r n r ki n g Hi t h
h e lp a n d
e xi s t i n g p ov e r t y .
all
of
are
r o om
away
an
the D iv is i on b y Mother
mon t hs
is
ob t a i n
pr o j e c t
eventual
three
f a c i n g S i s t e r C ar i t as
s e r v i c e . pr o g ram
l;! i gh
in
f i .c s t
of
pr o gr a.1,15 .
t o wrk w i t h
an
All
t ub e r c u l o s i s
and
s uppor t e d
�V c S
""!
to
pr ob l e m
B ureau 1 s
a D iv i s i o n
1 h ome - mad e 1 _ h �al t h
c h i ld r e n ;
among adult s .
S c h o la r s h o p s
and
pas t
t he
t h e i r b oa r d
t h e C o m
P ar i s h C u un c i l s
t o t he
of
s e ek me d i c a l
of
pr o p o s e d
dental
the
to
t h e i·,
inc luded
of
o f F.: d u c a t i on ,
t he
o f Me r c y �
prac t i c e
e ffort
led
di o c e s a n
the
any
and
en t
the Bureau
spe n t
e n c oura · ing
An o t h e r
incidence
to
establ
a c t iv i t i e s
sc riptions
a
has
s le e p i n g · p i l l s w i t h
wi tnout
tLe
c o or d in a t e
S i s t e rs
ab an d o n
Th e s e
and
t o B ishop G e rity
with
ap � o i n t e d
the
D e p a r b1e n t
t h e T r ib a l C o un c i ls
1967 ,
S i s t e r C c.r i t a s
21)
page
the S tate
gaps .
and
was
r r om
UUS C ,
s ub u i t t e d
No v e rmb e r
C ari tas ,
the
Pr o gr am ,
re por t
in
c ontinued
·l i t h
to
a n d kn o w l e d ge
wi l l
qva i l a b le
to
c on t inued
be
to
h e 1p
b u i l·d i n ts s .
the
p r o b Ja-c1s
t h e re s p o n s iv e
f a c i n g Main e ' s
c .:.'. r e
an d
c oncern
In dians
of
f r om wJ i i c- h Ma i n e a n d a l l h e r pe o p l e
c o n j un c t i on
with
the
work
of
the
t he
o th e r
can
�MAINE IND I AN
(d)
MA IDENS
ON
RETREAT
T ie n t y- s ix In d i �n t e e n age gi r l s t r a v e l e d f r om
Ma i t 1 e ' s t h r e e r e s e r v a
tions t o t h e Ob l a t e R e t r e a t H o u s e i n A ugu s t a. F or t hree d a ys · f r om F e b r u a r y
1 9 t h to the 2 l s t , � t � e - �i r l s :had. pe� � expe riences . While it was t he firs t
time ma n y ha d r - seen t he Cap i t ol , all of t he s ir ls h a d n e v e r b e en o n
a s p i r i t uar ret reat .
The trip w a s s p on s o r e d b y the Bu r e au o f H uraan R e l a t i o n s .
Si s ter Mary Cari t as , wh o is a n u r s e , a C C 0i.i1p an i e d the girls through t he
S ta te House , t he Bla ine Ma nsi o n a n d t h r o u �h t h e sh o pji n g c e n t e r s . S he h as
or gan i z e d t e en a g e c l ub s on t he t h ree reserva t ions.
T h e r e t r e a t �s o n e o f
t l� many act ivi t ies t ha t s he i s plan n i n g w i t h the gi r ls.
F a t h e r F . A . Bo u r q u e , a d m i n i s t e r of t h e Ob la t e R e t r e a t � o us e , p l a n ne d
t h e s p i r i t u a l p r o gr aF wi t h t he emphasis in " h e l p i n g t l1 e m t o u nd e r s t a n d ,
'
and t o b e c om e Til o r e a wa r e of t h e iiis e l v e s . "
Pan e l discussions a n d q u e s t i o n s
an d an s w e r s covered r-- man y topics
such as ;
d a tin g , l!lar i a g e , pe r s on a l i t y
de v e l opme n t , c h a n ges in the church , G o d , e t c .
A s ero i na r is p l a n n e d f or l a t e s pr i n g t o s o l i d ify t h e f e e l i n 3s a n d
iuvr e s � i o n s t h a t t he girls r e � e i v e d on t h e re t r e a t .
H i gh l i gh t s o f t he re treat w e r e a s p e c i a l mas s g i v e n f o r t h e �i r l s , t he
en j oyme n t of a f i r e in t he f ireplace , md t h e H o o t e na n y l e d b y B a r b a r a F r qn c i s ,
on h e r g 1 i t a r .
Ba r b a r a!
. .
t a u g h t herselr· t o p l a y t :1 e � l ' i t a r , an d has
p l ay e d �t f o r t h e pas t f o u r ye a r s .
The gi r l s had a1any f a v o rab l e c o LLlrae n ts about the retrea t.
Hi l d r e d
LP.la r , fi f t e e n ye a r o d , ' ! l i l ,_e d t h e t a lks ab o u t G od �1h i c 11 •·v e .r e le d b y F a t h e r
Bo rque . "
Laura Nicho ..... as , 13 y e a r s o l d like t h e ' s pe c ia l wassn . Pa1J N o rw o o d
of I n d i an Is l a n d , e n j o y d s h op pi n g in t he ci t y. Carol D ana t h o ugh t t h ac
t h e r e t r e a t wa s a " good e xpe r i e . c e . 1 1
V i r g i n ia F r a n c i s o f Pleasa n t P o i n t , c o r r e c t e d a n e w s p a p e r r e p o r t e r , whe n
he pt in t e d s o m e t h i n g a b o u t 1 1 rn i n i - s k ir t s 1 1 •
S h e s a id t h a t t h e y d i d n o t w e ar
mini - s k i r t s , wh ich a r e v e r y , v e r y shor t . Ma ry l3 i s u l c a o f I n d inn I s l an a , wn o 0 e
b f o c 1 e r i s a t W e s t P o i n t , w a s ' ' looking f o rward t o o t h e r act ivi t ie s o f t he
t e e nage c lub . 1 1
'Lary is 17 , a n d in h e r s e n i or y e ar of h i gh s c h o o l .
F a y Biscula , 14 y e a r s o l d b o u gh t several so uveuirs 0 f t he t r ip , an d
had roade a n e w fr i e n d G e r a l d i n e D ana ,
a l s o 14 y e ar s . o l d � of P l e a s a n t
.i
___
_
Point .
the
Lo la , 16 y e a r o l d , though t i t was " j u s t n ice" and e n j o y e d
Sheila Ranco , a s o p hoL o r e , w a s g l a d f ar " t ., e
t o us " .
t o g e t h e r w i t h t he girls". S he rela ted t ha t t h e y t a l k e d un t i l
B e rnade t t e
" way
c ha n c e
to
the y
t � o - t hi r t y
ge t
in
t a lk e d
t h e m or n i n g .
who h a s s i x b r o t h e r s , a n d o n e s i s t e r , a l s o d i d n o t
! �T a l ks ab o u t 1 ::-. t i I1 g , a n d t he
commen t about the 1 • in i -dresses .
way t h e d e c i s i o n s w e r e Jff t u p t o t hemselves , i n s t e a d o f r u l e s " were c on
s id e r ed a s �os t b e n e f i c i a l b y Mary A n n Mitchell. Ma r y , c ome s f r o � In d i a n
Is lan d , is goin g t o John Ba p � � � · s High S c h o o i i n B a n g o r . She is in t he 1 1 th
gra d e , and is p la n n i n g t o go t o b e a 1 1 t j c i a n 1 s school when s h e gr a d ua t e s .
An (';� l j na S <' h 1 u c G o n of PlP s 8 n t P o i n t , " w o u l d l ike t o h a v e an o t h e r
l ike
E le a n o r S t e v e n s ,
the
r e t r e a t n e x t ye a r ' ' •
B rc a k fAs � wa s an o t h e r g o o� e x r e r i e n c e
a c c ording
to
v h o said that t h e y h a d eggs , s a us a ge , c e r e a l a n d j u i c e .
H o we v e r , B e v e r l y .� t e v e n s , her o l d e r s i s t e r , s a i d t hL.. t t h e y ma d e t h e b e d s ,
be fore b r e ak f a s t , a n d " f o o l e d ar o u n d " .
A n n T o me r , a f i f t een y e a r o l d " l i k e d t he r e t r e a t , a s t h e p r i e s t s
ta l k e d to us , and played carde wi th s o me o f u s . " G r a c e D a n a of P l e asan t
S h e a l s o s a i d " t h e _y gav e
P0in t gave s pecial , e n t i on t o t h e R o o t e nan y .
e a c h o n e o f u s a chance to .t alk . "
GloriP
S t e v e ns ,
( C o n t i n ue d
on
pa,;e 24)
.
.
�( 24 )
( R� t r e a t
c on t i n ue d
B arb�ra
s he
has
never
fr ie n ds .
is
in
t he
" H e ar t s ; '
It ' s
k.11 o w n
i t's
t ha t
a
s ome
b r ought
s ouv e n i rs
to
new
wa s
her
during
i• ia r t i n a
t he
T ow ah ,1
T � :. e r e
n a o t he r
.'·t a s
as
1 <:i ' 7
t o ld
t l1 e r e
F a t h e r B ourque
thousand
hav in g a
f r om
fif t e en
another
first ,
lay �en
old ,
r.1e
was
Nav a h o
b randi n g
in
c at t l e
as
the
of
the ir
w orae n
index
needles
weave
' v'ha t
s ay
w ome n
g o i n _;
fingers
the
lit tL�
next .
le s s 6n
i,1 o r k
( Re a � 8 r ' s
f r om
c an
our
D ige s t ,
Ma r c h
the
i:;i.c ls
to
mnke
new
Pa u la
3 l. i1 t; .... n g .
a
buay
the
r:!e n t i on
c ar .
S he
ga' !e
that
of
J oe
b o u gh t
s an g 1..c. n y p o p u l a r
t. ere
" vi e
we r e
� in�in g a l so . "
Pe t e r D a 1 1 a P o i n t .
s a 1 1e t i •. 1e , a n d i t
have
Five
been
t he
in t o
I rt
a
p la y
a
re t reat
hav e
a c t ua l
stitch ,
r o o::;1 ,
by
been
..vas
also .
ove r
f r ruJe ,
takling
s ip_ ing
as
of
thir t y
f or e f & t h e r s
unr ivale d
h o ok
to
or
c o �p� r e
fast
idle
might
fr o�
hang
j ob
c..
t he
the
do
real
skin
and
t ry i n g
to
well
t h i nk
to
Nav a h o s ,
pa r t y
: .
m� c h
the
as
me n
the
of
even t ,
pri cking
c o�ktails ,
pa r t y - · gi v e r s
the
s o c i� l
prac t i c e ,
e n j o yr..� n t
f am o us
turning
t w o - d �y
quilt ing
real
pioneer
196 8
a
p e op l e .
lay
F in g e r s :
rnrk and
every
an
there
·r o PO� D ER
did .
our
e n j o yi n g
;. 1 h o m
a c t iv i t i e s .
I t w a s in A u gus t
>?
i t·s·· f i r s-t "f5'%' 0U! • . o C pJ' i�·s.t� ; pn r e t r e a t ,
h or s e s
a · .l i v i n g
'.) r o v i d e
on
f r o.1:
1 949
an d
of
at
.11as
fr om
H YJ d
his
nuns
,c:.ny
re tre a t" .
1 1a d e
in
related
tli e
since
Have
1ith
S om e
of
out
us " .
Point
o ld ,
t he
S he
·
c l ian c e
re t r e a t
c omb i n e
out ;
of
t i ! le .
in
s i t t in g a r oun�
in and
a ll
,,1e t
tbe
t i1i1e
t ha t
s e t t le rs
has
f i r e p la c e
nuns
b r e ak i n g
s t a n d in g a r o u n d
t o
learn
a
and
e �rly uhi t e
e n j oy w e n t
on
N �v a � o s
hav e
of
par t
Indians
s "Ie
gr o u p
PO IJ ·.rs
T . D . Al l e n
few
a
that
t h a t t h e r e t r e a t h_o u s er ·he d
o t he r w i s e a l l t h e s e on r e t r e a t
The
for
good
ye ars
a
r e la t e d
t akin g
the
P l e a s an t
and
re treat
to
t o ok
" e n j oye d
e xperie n c e
H o o t e n an y ,
s hyly
glad
e v e ry t h i n g cb o u t
b a c k h o me .
V e r on i c a S app i e l ,
s o n gs
y e ar
she
H i gh S c h o o l
is
" like d
gr oup
t ake
in
S he
s i .a. t e e n
rr. e
B e v e r l y F r an c i s
N i c h o la s
Ju n i o r
e·.:: a. d e .
t e ll
and
a
Al t ava t e r ,
� i gt h
23 . )
page
b e f or e .
Ni c h o l a s ,
to
fun ,
Ni c h o la s ,
Pau l a
Rita
f r om
on .
th�
N OT ICE
M i s s C a r o l D an a
the
Mai n e
In d i a n
tbe
re t re a t
R e s e r v a t i on s .
in
If
you
If
ab o u t
there
(E d i t o r s
A u gus t a ,
live
y o ur s e lv e s .
NEWS LE'i'T. 'R .
idea
an d
Mary
P l e a s an t
has
is
o f f e re d
Ne ws l e t t e r
a
ray
note :
:1 h e r e
I
f r o m h o� e
anyt h i n g
op i n i o n ,
ple as e
her
s e rv i c e s
c on c e rn i n g
M i s s D an a
me t
. wr . )
ke e p
and
f r o�
is
you
w i sh
to
write
fee l
fre e
to
do
Indian
to
send
P e n ob s c o t
a
s e nding
are
.
Yar1iLa l &. M Q rl' � � ::-- B r c;i o k.1?1 s t i l l
Poin t
t he
so .
n e ws
Indian
Pe n o 0 s c o t
the
le t t ers
ab o ut ,
Th IS
or
IS
in
I s J.m d
I n d i an
an d
telling
e xp r e s s
to
e n j o ye d
us
your
Y O U R l !.A INE
b us i 1y wr i t i n g n e ws
T ow n s h i p .
i t e ms
·
i t ems
I N D I AN
·
r r om
�MAHi
i
I
·
IAN NEW SLFI.'TER
EFFECTIVE JANUARY
@:
. .
.......
\:·1 ('
$..:>"
Pine S tree ·
- - ·
NEW S TJB S C�I PTION POLICY
1 , 1968
td
�l
:-:. l'
·:k
' ' i
B e g inning in January , the f o l lowing
sub s c r i p t ion r a t e s w i l l be charged
for a 1 2-month sub s cr ip t ion to t he
MAINE
IND IAN NEWSLETTE R
Ind ian
Non- Ind ian
''
"
Ol: <.' � �
(Regular )
(Contr ibu ting )
( Suppor t in g )
( Li f e t ime )
Lrf <;'
'-'y1 i�r.)
/,
j1 , .
(../·// '· · ; /
'
,
/'
''; r "
' 1
.•
\ I
\
'
I
\\
,
'
'.:}
/: · /.;'• �·:·' i:·:f
j
J . ·,
.I- i .f � ( .;.:.:i
.
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
-$ 10 . 00/year
- $ 5 0 . 00
.
·-
If you are
l ive ,
f i l l ou t
s cr i p t ion s l ip
your Tribe and
I f you are a NON- I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and s end in the sub
The addr e s s labe l s ind i c a t e the s ta tu s
" I -F " mean s
o f your sub s cr ipt ion .
The abbrevi a t ion of a
" Indi an-Free . "
mon th (JAN) i s the t ime - next year -
is s ue a f t e r y o u r s ub s cr ip t ion i s
r e c e ive d .
due .
s cr i p t ion s l ip ( b e low) W I TH t h e appro
pr i a t e amoun t .
Your sub s cr ip t ion
wi l l b e g in with the nex t avai l ab l e
I wou l d l ike
�- - - - - -
-
your sub s cr ipt ion fee wi l l again be
�
ge t � ind iv idu a l
� !!Q!
expira t ion no t ice ,
be
�!
to r e c e ive regu l ar mon thly i s sue s of t he Maine Ind i an News l e t ter :
DATE.�-----
._
NON- IND IAN_
ADDRESS
---�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
--,
:--
( S tr e e t ,
Sub s c r ip t ion r a t e s :
S ta t e
Z I P Code )
Ind ian -0- ;
AMOUNT ENCLOSED :
(Regu lar ) ,
Non- Indian - $ 2
$ 10
I ND IAN_
TRIBE�--���----
or Po s t Of f ic e Box )
(Ci t y
( Suppor t ing ) ,
Send this s l ip , with your sub s cr i p t ion charge ,
_
_
_
_
$_
$5
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTER
( C on tribu t ing ) ,
$ 5 0 (Life t ime )
if app l i c ab le ,
Pine S tre e t , Freepor t ·' Maine
---
!£
- - - - - - - - - - � - - -- -� �
- - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �- - - � - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
to :
040 3 2
�
- ----- - -... - - - - - -�
- --- - - � - - - - -- - - - � - � - � - - - - - - - - - - - --- - � �� � - - - --- - � - - - - - - - --
Don ' t forge t your Z I P Code !
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
BULK RATE
U .S.
POSTAGE
3 . 6¢ PAID
Freep,.,rt , Maine
Permit No . 33
Pine Str eet
Freepe rt, Maine
04032
ADDRESS CORRECTION
REQUESTED
c: o 1 o y C o l l e ge L ib r ar y
C o lby C o l lege
Wa t er v i l l e ,
JAN
Ma ine
0490 1
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Feb. 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-02
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-463
-
https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/6f90c8c006e4521eb15068ac95725846.pdf
feefbc1c9014ce48299463134a30c945
PDF Text
Text
MAIN-......
IA
NEWS L
VOLUME
2, NUMBER B
?--� 1
FRID Y - SATURDAY - Stni'DAY
�f"l·F
,.
r=
'� 1 ,
,y=:._
r ...__,- ,
/..
TTER
r.
1
,,,,_,.� �:
.. 1-;::,
July 12 - 13 - 14
-.
I(
�
SECOND Af-i"NUAL NE
ENGLIND
IND IAN
POWWOW
Circle 9 Ra nch, Rte. 28, Epsom, New Hamp shire.
All Indians and Hobbyist's are cordially invited
to attend the 2nd Annual New E ng la nd Indian Powwow.
Here, you will find
a beautiful woodland glen, set aga inst a backdrop of green mountains.
The s_acious grounds provide an area with more than ampl e space for
parking and camping. Also, all facilities are available on the
premises.
PROGRAI'-I:
A vast variety of activities await you.
There will be the
lar gest and most beautiful Tipi V illa ge in the entire East, Art & Craft
workshops, Indian Foods, Indian D a ncin g and Sones. Also, many articles
Only merican
for sale, which have been handicrafted by Indians.
Indian made goods lill be offered for sale. There ·.Jill be Powwow
dancing of all types and the music will again be sup�lied by:
"THE h i'D ICI JE DRUiv1 SINGERS & DANCEl.IB OF NEW YORK"
Continuous activities until early morn.
CAMPING:
Tipi's and tents may be set up beginning Friday, the 12th,
a fter 10 A.M.
All tipi's will be grouped in the village area and all
other type tents will be located in an adjacent area.
Campers will
sup ly their own bedding, food, fuel, etc.
Good housekee�ing � ill be t�e direct responsibility of each and every
camper. Motels, Resturants, Groceries and other stores are within
easy reach. There wil l be a food concession on the grounds operated by
our gracious host, Clyde Joy.
PRIZES:
This year the prize money has been more than doubled and more
categories have been added to make this year's Powwow more attractive
to all participants.
4th
2nd
1st
Traditional Dancing:
'
Senior
Junior
·
20.00
io.oo
10.00
5.00
5.00
3.00
(Cont'd on page 2 )
�. .
' •
./
-
2 -
�
... :
I
(PO"Vlf"VOW, Cont'd from page 1)
Fancy Dancing:
lst
Senior
·20. 00
Junior
. 10.00
Women's Dancing: All 10.00
Tiny Tot' s:
All
10.00
Tipi Contest
25.00
·
2nd
lo . on
5.00
5.00
5.00
20.00
.
3r d
5.00.
3. 00
3.00
3.00
15.00
4th
5th
10.00
5.00
'
-1968 NEW ENGLIND INDIAN DANCE CRAF IO ISliIPSRibbons will also be awarded along with the prize money. Also,
an added attr�ction, for all, who work many months making their own
Indian regalia: AN INDIAN STYLE SliOv, which will include the following
categories;
Eastern Men and Women's and Nestern Men and Women's.
For Reservations or
Information, write:
N. E .P . A.
P.O. Box 47
N orth : eare, N. H. 03 281
Sponsored by the:
N ew England Powwow Association, Inc.
Deering-P.o. Box 47
North Weare, N. H. 03281
v
..
.A.
-
J�
COMM. H INCKLEY EXPLAIN S CUTS IN Il\JDIAN SERVICES
Commisioner Hinckley held a meeting at St. Ann's School in Peter
Dana �oint to explain what the cuts in Indian services were and why it
was necessary to make t�mpo�art cuts. In brief, these are the cuts made.
Effective on March ist.
1. No collect calls at the Indian office.
2. :1'bmilk deliveries.
No clothing orders·.
3.
No prescriptions or visits to the doctor's office will be paid.
4.
5. No transportation to the doctor' s office will be paid.
Hinckley expalined that these cuts were necessary because the Dept,.
of Indian·_,Affairs has only $30, 000 to last it till July when a new fisca.
year begins. The Department didn't have enough money because of these
no guidelines on how the money was t o'fil.e spent, uneocpecy d
three reasons;
!
repairs, and the increased cost of medical sup�lies. From now on, Indian
fund money will be doled out.in the form of budgets which.will be set up
for everyone getting assistance from the Department of Indian Affairs.
Thene is a chance that some services will be restored when the
next fiscal year begins in July.
(From the Wigwam Weekly, Indian Township, l\iaine, 3/le.;l.68)
NEWS FROM ALASKA
'
Howard Rock is an Eskimo from the tiny village of Point Hope, Alaska.
He was the first person from his village to attemd college. After four
years at the University of Washington and a short career as an ivory
carver, he went home to Point Hope to find his.people worried about gov�
ernment plans to explode an atomic bomb to make a harbor. He helped .
(Continued on page 6)
�(3 )
nDIA1'1S 0
JARPATH IN DAY STAm COURTS
by ·Ti l liam Ui l liams on , aine Sunday Te leg:ram
and Uobert L. Turner , Boston Sunday Globe
_
On Chr i s tma s eve , 1 7 76 , George Was hing ton warned the· Passamaquoddy Indians
never to " turn your hearts aga ins t me and your bre thren of this count�y. 11
After
1 74 years of poverty and hope l e s sne s s , Maine ' s Pas samaquoddy Indians are on
the warpath again.
The 600 Ind ians are a.1 1 tha t is left of the once powerful
Passam aquoddy tribe which used t o own a big chunk of northern and eastern Maine .
W i t h the aid of two lawye rs , the Indians have fi led a court s uit s e eking
more than $150 mi l lion ca s h and other damag e s .
Their legal coun s e l i s Eas�port
at torney D on C . Ge l l ers , who has been working more than five years in prepara
t i on of the law s uit .
To try the case, Gel lers has enlis ted the aid of Bos ton
la�'1}7er John S . o t toml ey , who served as an a s s i s tant Massachus e t t s a t t orney
genera l under Edward Brooke , no� a U. s. Se nator.
Gel lers has tried for
severa l years to make Mas sachus e t ts of ficia l s l i s ten to h i s argument .
He even
visi ted the office of Edward l
Brooke when he was at torney general.
His e f
fort s were frui t l e s s un til he con tacted John S. Bot tomley .
Ge l lers and Bot tom
ley worked ou t the sui t filed Friday in Suffolk County Superior Court.
D uring the American Revolution , no l e s s . a revo lutionary than Gen. George
·ashing ton ca l led upon the Passamaquoddy tribe to aid the col onie s in the ir
ba t t l e for ind epend ence.
They responded to the ca l l and are credit ed wit h a
number of victor ie s over the Eng l ish .
Eu t after the Revolu t ion , a l l wa s no t
peace and harmony b e tween the Ind ians and their white neighbors·, and by 1 790
i t became obvious tha t previous agreements were insufficien t to ensure good
re lations .
The resul t was the treaty of l 79l� b e tween the Ind ians and the
state of Mass achu s e t ts .
In those days , Maine was mere ly a d i s trict of t he Bay
Sta te .
Und er i t s t erms , t he Ind ians were g iven 15 islands in the Schoodic (nmv
St. Croix ) River ; the Ind ians als o re ta ined a 23 , 000-acre township near Prince
ton; 10-acre Lewey ' s Island facing the towns hip; 100- acre Mencass Point ad j oin
ing the t ownship; 1 50-acre Pine Is land , off Nemca s s Point; and 10-acre s on
Pleasant Poi n t in Perry .
The treaty a l s o a s s igned to the Indians fishing
"rights on both branches of the St . Croix River and perpe tua l right s t o u s e
Subse quen t
a SO-acre s i t e near Lubec a s a mee t ing and :'sit ting down" p lace .
to the treaty , in 180 1 , the Mass achus e t t s General Cour t de eded an addit ional
9l} acres at Ple a s an t Point to the t'ribe , giving the Ind ians jus t over 100 acre s
there .
The on ly exce p t ion to Indian sovreignty_ on the s e land s was a tre aty
st ipµlat ion that Massachu s e t t s cou ld take "pine tre e s fit for mas ts" from reser
vation land s .
The Ind ians were to be paid for any such tre e s taken.
A l l o ther lands previously considered by the Ind ians to be theirs went
to Massachuse t ts und er the treaty - mi l lions of acre s comprising wha t is now
·7ashing ton Coun ty , and most of Hancock and Aroos took Counties.
Massachuse t ts recognized tha t thi s massive land l oss by the Ind ians severe
ly l im i t e d the ir ability to pursue their trad itiona l means of gain ing a l iving .
So the treaty included a further boon.
In re turn for g iving up their land s ,
the Ind ians were promi s eq everlast ing support.for themse lves and the ir he irs.
Massachuse t ts agre ed t0 provide each year the tribe ' s necessi t ies .
That was
in 1794 and t hat's whe n a l l of the present trouble re a l ly began .
In the first p l ace , the 15 i s land s deeded to the Ind ian s didn't b e long
to Massachuse t ts.
They'd b e en so ld the ye ar before to one Wi lliam Bingham .
Also , a f te r the tre aty had been rat ified by the Genera l Court , Massa
chusetts began al lowing non-Ind ians to cu t timber from reservation land s , whe t he r
And they were never
"pine trees fit for masts" or not , the Indians cl aim .
paid for any of these t imbe r los s e s , they add .
In add ition , the suit claims , the Ind ians have never see n a penny of the
$37,471.03 g iven by Massachuse t ts to Maine in 1822 to e s tab l ish a trust fund
for them.
Added to this sum is ano ther $30 , 000 paid by Massachuse t t s to Maine
(Conti nued on Page 4)
•
_
�(4)
( Continued from Page 3)
t o a.�ow t he new s t ate to honor the 1794 treaty obligations.
In 1819 the
Hassacimse· t t s General Court approved the crea tion of the s ta t e of Maine via
a Compact o f Separa t i on .
Among i t s many o ther provi sions, th9 Co�pact states:
11The new s tate s hall a s s ume and perf orm a l l t he dut ies and ob l ig a t i ons of this
Commonwea l t h t oward s the Ind ians, whet her t he s ame ari se from treat ies or
o therwi s e . "
I t add s t ha t Maine mu s t "obtain t h e a s s ent o f said Ind ians and
t heir re lea s e t o thi s Commonwea l th o f c laims and s t ipulat ions ari s ing under
t he treaty ex i s t ing w i th said Ind ians . "
Thus Maine agreed to a s s ume all
trea ty ob l igat ions and t o get a release from the Ind ians freeing Mas s achuset t s
from any further res pons ib i l i ty .
Ma ine d i d nei ther .
A l t hough i t d id ob tain a release from the Penobsco t s
and s igned i t s own trea ty w i t h them, n o such re lease w a s ever go t ten from the
Pas s amaquoddy tribe .
The Pa s s amaquod dies d id no t approve the trans fer and
t herefore feel t hey s t i l l have a l e gal cl aim again s t Mas sachuse t t s .
Having p laced t he $30 , 000 from Mas s achus et t s in i t s general fund, Maine
then faced t he prob lem of meet ing the support ob l igat ion it had agreed to
��s"me.
Naine came up w i t h such fund s by leas ing out timber-cu t t ing righ t s
o n Indian re servation land s, which t he Ind ians claim was i n d irect vio lat ion
of t he 1 794 t reaty wh ich Maine had vowed to honor .
Mas s achuset t s happ ily
s o la off Nemcas s Point and Pine I s l and to a non-Ind ian wi thout any compensat ion
to the tribe .
Maine· sold o f f. parce l s o f t he 23 , 000 acres at Ind ian Township, t o t a l ing
1
7 , 9 60 acres, to non-Indians and tod ay about 30 ind ividual s have t i tle to t hese
land s .
About 2 , 9 70 acres o f t he township have been flooded and submerged
b y dams bu i l t in con j unc t ion wi th non-Indian logging operat ions on the reser
vation.
The Ind ians a l s o cite vio lat i on of their trea ty lagds in o ther way s .
Alt hough mo s t o f the a l leged trea t y violat ions were comm i t ted und�r Maine ' s
aus p ices, the tribe c l a ims t ha t Mas sachuset t s, as the party t hat made the
1 794 trea ty, is legal ly res ponsLb le for all i t s woes .
Had Maine ob tained
a release from t he Ind ians freeing Massachuset t s from i t s treaty ob ligat i ons,
t he Bay S tate wou ld be in the clear , at lea s t s ince 1820.
Bu t no release
was ever ob t ained .
By far t he l arges t port ion of the monetary claim agains t Massachuset t s
i s contained i n a s ing le i t em - t he $34 , 4 71 fund t ha t Mas s achuset t s set as ide
in 1822 , t o cover "a l l deb t s, annu i t ies and Ind i an s ub s idies or claims due by
t he Commonwea l t h . "
Since it was a tru s t fund, the Ind ians say t hey are
And
ent i t led no t only to the s um i t sel f b u t to compound in tere s t as wel l.
s ince 1822 , the orig inal $37 , 4 71 f igure would be worth in exces s o f $150 million
t o day ,at a 6% inves tment ret urn rat e .
Shou ld Mas s achu se t t s l o s e t he cas e and be held l iab le for mult i -mill ion
d o l l ar damages, there seems l i t t le doupt'tha t Maine in turn wou ld f ind i t sel f
S ince Ma ine agreed to accep t all of Ma s s achuset ts 11 ob l igat ions
in cour t .
under t he 1 7 94 treat when it became a s tate, t he Bay S tate can c laim improper
Alt hough Maine can
act ion by Maine i f the Ind i ans win the current cas e .
claim s ovreign immunity in a case agains t t he s t ate by the Ind ians, i t can ' t
Mas s achuset t s can sue Maine for
d o s o i f Mas sachu s e� t s wan t s ·to bring s u i t .
d amages in the U . S . Supreme Cour t .
Alt hough the comp l a int f i led Friday in Suffo lk Coun ty Superior Court
d oesn ' t name s peci f ic d amage amoun t s , it is po s s ib le to put a fairly close
These w i l l probably be aired when
d o l lar va lue on a number o f i t s claims .
the cas e i s being argued.
It i s rel iably reported tha t t he Ind ians w i l l s eek $500 , 000 for t he i s
land s they.iwere promi s ed i n t he treaty, even t hough Ma s s achuset ts had already
s o ld t hem at treaty t ime .
They p l an t o s eek ano ther $1 mi l l ion for lost f i shing righ ts; about
$2 mi llion for t he 7,960 acres o f reserva t ion land s o l d to non-Ind ians by
(Con t inued on Page 5)
�(5)
Maine; and
(Continued from Page
$1.5
4)
million for the lands submerged by non-Indian lumber operations.
They'll ask principal and compound interest on the $2,486 taken from
their trust fund by Maine and given as damages in the case naming them as tres
passers on one of the St. Croix River Islands.
That would come to more than
$400,000.
Lost hunting rights are named as reason for damages of about $750,000, and
another $400,000 will be asked in damages for the loss of voting and civil
rights the Indians claim.
The tribe is also seeking a court ordered accounting for the loss of timber
from reservation lands as uell as an accounting for the loss of gravel taken by
It is also seeking an accounting of the $30,000 that Massachusetts
the state.
gave Maine in 1820 to compensate the new state for its obligations to the Indians.
In all, the total damages being sought by the tribe range betw·een $150
and $200 million dollars.
Although some of Maine 1 s Indians are too overwhelmed
by the magnitude of the case to grasp the effect a legal victory could have on
the tribe, John Stevens, chief of the Indian Totmship Reservation, re.mains un
perturbed.
Stevens smiled recently when asked ho·J he felt about the upcoming
litigation.
A long time ago ·we sold Massachusetts a
"I feel damned good about it.
Fe think they 1 re going to
1hole lot of real estate, and they never paid us.
have to now.
r/e may lose, I lmow that, but we don't think we 1 re going to.
And
if we win, well that'll be the end of a long wait for us, arid we'll begin to
This
ay ue should've been able to for the last 175 years.
ork the
live and
is the first real chance He 've had, and 1e're thankful for it. u
Bottomley said Saturday, 11I have great confidence in the fairness and ob
jectivity of our court system and
I
think the record is clear that there has been
He said he knew
a consistent breach of contract over a long period of years."
the amount of money involved would ma{e the case a political issue but added
that he is 11nai ve enough" to believe that the amount would no t affect the court's
decision.
The Passamaquoddy tribe will have to tvai t a :-Jhile longer before it learns
the fate of its venture in the courts.
But the waiting is different nou, be
cause it is accompanied by hope.
Further action
in
the case has been put off until May 27, when Massachusetts
Attorney General Elliot L. Richardson
suit's allegations.
(Fran
lri.11
be required to file answers to the
the Boston Sunday Globe, 3/10/68, and the Maine Sunday Telegram,3/10/68)
INDIAN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN SEEKS HOUSE SEAT
EASTPORT -
Sen.Herald J. Beckett of Eastport will seek the Republican
nomination in the June Primary for Representative to the Legislature.
to represent the towns of Eastport,
Perry,
He hopes
Robbinston, Charlotte, Meddybemps,
and all towns nort of Indian Township to Danforth.
(Under the reapporti�nment
act paf!Ed by the 103rd Legislature, the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Vot
ing Districts are also included in this area. - Ed.)
As a senator in the present 103rd Legislature, Beckett was chairman of
chairman of the Committee on Liquor Control,
the Committee on Indian Affairs,
a member of the Sea and Shore Fisheries Committee and a member of the .Committee
While a member, he presented a bill which removed all
on Engrossed Bills.
Beckett presented another bill regarding
He is credited with playing a large role in saving from
defeat a bill authorizing a bond issue for minimum improvement on sewerage, san
itation on one Indian reservation and improvement and additional school class
tolls from Jonesport-Beals Bridge.
district court costs.
This bond issue will be voted
rooms on all three Maine Indian reservations.
(Bangor Daily News, 3/22/68)
on at the June 17 Primary Election.
�(6)
( News from Alaska, continued from page 2)
org ni � e a protest which stalled the palns. He saw fron that experience
that his people needed a newspaper. Communication was difficult because
of the great distances in A laska. So, with some financial help froru a
doct.or in Massachusetts, Rock started the Tundra Times.
Now the Tundra Times, published weekly in Fairbanks, is thriving.
! t has been in strumental in uniting the Eskimo, Indian, an d Aleut peoples
in A laska, and in getting them representation in the State Legislature.
More than anything, the paper reflects its con stituency. It is a rare
chronicle of an old and gen tle civilization attempting to cope with new
an d strange problems .
To a distan t observer, the paper is quaint, but the problems are
real. Even the desire for progress isn't un aminous.
" School, school, school, " a reader from Nulato, Alaska, complains,
" that's all I ever read every time I pick up your paper
We need some
thing more than schooling in our villages, cold storage, water well, in
stead of throwing money away for schooling. Too much schooling is no
good; you get too smatt for nothing and lazy. You live longer if you
use your muscles like me."
Tundra Times, Box 1287, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99701, 25 cents per c6py
$8 a year by regular mail, $19 by airmail.
(From the Villa�e Voice, New York, 3/14/68)
•
LAW
•
•
•
SChOOL SCHOLARSHIPS
FOR INDIANS
Special scholarships in law are being offered to A�8rican Indians
again this year by the University of New iexico.
The UNM Law School is presenting, for the secon d year, the Special
Scholarship Program in Law for American Indians. The pror.ra: will
Students
consist of an eight-week " pre-law" pro8'ram, beginning June 17.
selected to continue in the program after the sum1 er session will enroll
in law school as regular studen ts in the fall.
The purrose of the program is to encoura�e In dian s to enter law
school and to help them obtain this objective.
Students selected for participation will receive substantial
scholarship grants. Each studen t selected ill be awarded a tuition
scholarship, travel Lnd book allowances, and a grant for living
expenses.
The amount of the gran ts rlill depend u�on the student's need,
but it is anticipated they will range from $1,000 to $1,500 for the
eight-week sur1:liiter session, and from $2, 500 to $6, 000 for the academic
year.
The great n eed for Indian lawyers is evidenced by the fact that
there are no Indian s practicing law in either lirizon a or New l1�exico
even thougp the Indian population of the two states is probably close
to 200,000.
It is ho··ed that the New Mexico program will attract Indians who
are presently in their third or fourth year of college, those who will
graduate this June, and individuals who have graduated during the past
five yea.rs.
Since the :program has no prescribed college pre-law program,
students majoring in an y subject are eligible.
Last year, in the first year of the program, 18 applicants repres
sen tin g 13 tribes were accepted for the summer portion. Seven of these
were undergraduate students who had not completed undergraduate work.
Of the 18, n ine were eligible for law school last September, and seven
were accepted an d are n ow regular law students. Those interested in mak
ing application should contact Professor F.M.�art, University of New
Mexico Law School, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106.
�07)
E D
THE
INE IND I N
EDITOR:
I T 0 R I
A L
S
NE�vsLETTER
Eugenia (Thomas) Thompson
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the follot ing addresses:
Pine Street
news items
Freeport, Maine 04032
opinions
or
statements
Mary Yarmal
stories
Plesant Point Reservation
ideas
Perry, Maine 04667
jokes
or
cartoons
Morris Brooks
information
Indian Township
recipes
Princeton, Maine 04668
hints
or
memos
Carol D ana
remedies
Indian Island
suggestions
Old Town, Maine 04468
complaints
gripes
predictions
THE HORSE IS STOLEN, NOv� WBAT
•
•
•
You' ve heard that expression of putting tlje lock on the door, after
the horse is stolen. We would like to apply this expression to the recent
fire that occurred on the Pleasant Point Reservation. What this means is
the fire equipment w as made ready after the house burned down.
Mary Yarmal, our reporter from Pleasant Point, and her six children
were left homeless following the fire which was caused by a•flooded oil
(See story on page 17.) There was no volunteer fire company at
burner.
Pleasant P6int Reservation. The nearest one at Perry,�2� miles away took
an half-an-hour to arrive, and the volunteer fire company at Eastport
took 45 to 50 minutes to arrive.
The pump truck from Perry, failed to function properly. The hydrant
failed to function bee use it was clogged with mud and debris.
I �as present at the hearing at the State House, a year ago, and
heard Louis Jalbert, Rep. from Lewiston, assure the Indian governor that
the fire fighting equipment could be obtained from the Civil D efense
with no problem. This alternative was given when Mr. Jalbert explained
that appro� iations ould not be approved as requested by the Commissioner.
In the present case it is difficult to find any one person�to blame
for what happened. Everyone is to blame.
Perry obvi0uAly lacks pride in keeping its fire equipment in proper
shape. Eastport feels no compulsion to respond quickly to an out of town
call. And a fire hydrant filled with mud? I don't know whose fault this i·
I haven't heard any complaints over the past year from the Indians
failing to obtain fire equipment. But·tbe problem was jµst as serious
at the Penobscot Reservation in Old Town where less than a year ago, a
tragedy occurred because the Old Town fire coi.1pany did not arrive in time.
SeverRl of the Indians present at the time were certain it could have
saved a child's life if they had their own equipment.
(Continued on page 8)
�(8)
(Cont�nued from page 7 )
Why didn't they have their own equipment?
Because Health and #elfare
officials took it away, and gave it to the Old Ta1n fire cmpany several
years ago, telling them that they did not need tl•is equipment and that
Old Town was close enough to do the job.·
There are many federal, state programs to help with tribal problems
but you can keep pulling rabbits out of a hat only so iong
If this
necessary equipment cannot be obtained from any of these programs then
the reservations should �eel compelled to raise the woney theLlselves if
necessary to obtain the equipment. Many small communities throughout
Maine have done just that and have not pad�tb pay out· a·grcut
gr.
deal of money.
In other words,. many problems becume evident during this last fire,
and it should be clear that the Reservations can no longer depend upon
outsiders for help in meeting such emerg�enciese
It' s time we thought
about getting some of our own equipment even though it means sacrificing
in some other areas.
Perhaps then future tragedies can be prevented.
•
•
•
c.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Gentlemen:
Pertaining to the Maine Indian Newsletter, I would appreciate receiv
ing the regular monthly issue.
I came from Peter Dana Point, Princeton, Maine. I live here in
Cambridge, Mass., with my two children and my darling wife.
On the reservation, I am better kno�n as,(flamin g arrow) or
(War Cloud) . Here in �1ass, I work, and play sports on my spare time,
sports such as Golf, Basketball, Boxing, Track, and Hurdles, and also
three trophies, one from Box ing, one from Track, aand one from Hurdles.
The Maine Indian Newsletter, (to 1e) , will be of great help to
LY people in the near future. Thank you.
Dennis Tomah
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
Enclosed a money order for the Indian Newsletter.
We all enjoy reading it very much, keeps us informed on what�s
going on at the three Reservations.
My son s.v,.c. Francis J. Nicholas arrived from Viet Nam. He has
been on voluntary duty for• lB months, normal duty is 12 months, he' s
a Special F orces man, We thank God for his safe return.
No more milK. No fuel.
I read Mr. Edward Hinckley gave an order:
No more medication or Dr. Bills will re paid.
How can one Man give such an order??
I read in the January Newsletter th�t he, Ur. Hinckley told the
LegiRlatnrs and State Officials, he would let the Indians decide where
the cuts shall be made. He said, quote " I plan to l et the Indians
they are the ones who are going
decide where tl1e cuts shall be made;
to be hurt.
Hurt we will b e, for the poor. I remember two cases, where a man,
Noel Francis, a woman, Mrs. Myra Dana, died, because they has no author
ization from the Indian Agent. They were not admitted in the Hosp�tal.
I am afraid the same will happen now, if no one isn' t allowed to enter
the hospital.
What' s happening in our Reserve�reminds me so illUCh of what hap;ened
in 1943. �Jhen Hitler gave �n order to the thousands of Jewish prople,
to take steam baths, instead of steam baths, they �alked (naked) illen,
women, and children into the gas ch�Llbers.
(Continued on pa�e 9)
�- 9 (Continued from paGe e)
I al00 believe we :01ade a very serious 1<Iistat:e 17hen we transfered
from Health and �elfare to Indian D e� artment.
ve have never been dei;rived of � 1edicati o n , fuel, etc before.
;
e jumped from the frying
pan
in�o
the the fire.
I could tell
hr. Edward Hinckley where the cut should be wade.
Cut his salary and
his staffs, and he should let the Govervor £nd Council (Indians) decide
where the cuts shall be made.
In his own words, we ar� the ones who
will be hurt.
Yours truly,
Nrs.
r.1argaret A.
S L,ring
Lake,
I\icho·las
l.'1. C.
Sirs:
Your
attention is called to t1e followi11g
ap1eared in In<lian Voices,
wint�r
1968,
p.
announcement
which
)0.
"A bill has r.Jcently been passed by Congress and
signed by the !-'resident ·which
financial aid to local
is designed to
are students w.ho speak another language than
in the home and whose
give
school districts where there
"nglish
fauiilies have a low incm.!e.
Specifically,
this pro�ram
up
in both English and the native langua0e.
curriculu
Anyone inteJ.�e ted in
ar-a and
write to:
nho wants
ill �id schools in
setting
this program for their local
ore information about it should
Dr. Samuel L.
Stanley
Office of Anthropology
Smithsonian Institution
.:./ashington,
D. C.
205601 1
Sincerely yours,
viillard ·Valker
Dear Sir:
flease
-
-
-
.
Sgt.
Princeton,
send the
11l•aine Indian Newsletter•·
to S/Sgt 11.J.
Lewey is the son of Delia hitchell of fhe Strip,
and is now stationed at Long Benh, South
t aine,
Lewey,
Vietnam.
enjoyed receiving the Newsletter while we, were in the
Canal Zone, and I know he will ap1reciate continuing to receive
Than!'- you.
news from home during the coming year.
·_1e
f.'irs.
H.J.
Leuey
(The
following letter is from Descendants of Aillerican Indians of
N.H.
Inc.
Dear
It regards the
announcement on par.e one of this issue.)
1rs. Eugenia Thoillpson,
Sago:
.11uch and vrnuld like to
I have enjo3ted your Newsletb.?r v_ery
As you are probably aware, the
anticipate the swap�ing of news.
.E. �owwow we ran in ii;psom, N. H., last sumuer was highly success
co ....1in6 year.
As
ful and plan �ven a bigger and better one this
there
is
no Indian Reserves or even a BIA
(Continued on
page
10)
here in N.H.
I
was very
�- 10 (Continued
from pa�e
9)
surprised to find so many );eople here from all
so many various tribes.
Jviany of our
85
over the country and of
members are from Old Town,
P .E. I. , and even a full
an electronics engineer in 1�anchester.
With your approval, I would like to subwit, to your newsletter
a
brief history of our group for some future issue.
If, this would
a reeable, please advise me and feel free to send us any news you
vould
�
like to cover this area and I
1iil make certain it is in our �onthly
newsletter.
Tulooded Navajo,
who is
b;
Find enclosed my subscription and fee for the 1968 year; even
though entitled to a free subscription, I know one cannot continually
operate out of ones own pocket forever or spend hours out selling adver
tisement
to cover
costs.
Sincerely;
I
Oneh:
Hagewa •/illiams
(Editor's note:
Our readers may look_forward ·to reading about the above
organization in a future issue.)
Dear Editor;
I am writing in reply to helen
Miss Ross claims there
ago.
Ross's letter of a couple of months
H.
illore concerned in this
·She is perfectly right.
generally known."
Cox and i'.ir.
''is
',·fillia1"lson,
·
ihose articles she
is�ue th�n is
She· also sug;;,l.:!sts that Iir.
port and get
so ... e facts
•11 ,
"Go to F.ast
not facts.
26th of !Ugu�t,
began.
places
nut 1ber of
of
occassions
�ublicly and
as an authority on Maine's
he wrote
about
Indian issues.
and other
regards to this
he has been asked to speak
articles which
has
last couple of years hnd
He has also travelled and called many other
facts.
all over New England in
Furthermore,
actually
a11d the hvo ?assawaquoddy
Mr. Williamson has been to ::'astport
many
She left F.astport the
before the is�ue she r_fcrs to
a full week
reservations a good many tiraes in the
gathered many,
in her letter,
she,
However,
she says.
stated only vague insinuations,
should
clai:jJS to have read,
go to E astport and find out more about what is concerned.
privately on a
One series
Indians.
India.ns for the I"iaine Sunday
the
!�l �_g.!:.�.� nett<;d hiiil an i1.1portant nreos award.
I have also been to Eastport and ?leasant Foint.
The third night
of my firot visit to Nashington County was quite an experience, in fact.
I was rudely a ·akened by state
the home of the
police officers who had
fa,".iily whose guest
illegally entered
I v;�,s for the weekend.
Three days
I wrote a letter to Governor Curtis and the Chi�f of State Police
I was promptly promised
and requested an investigation of the matter.
later
immediate inve�tigation with
an
more than six
But
A
letter to
second
the
notification of
personal
I have
months later
governor
received
no results
and a
personal
visit
headquarters in Augusta have been fruitless in
satisfactory answe�,
by
If
although
I am
i1Jiss Ross is
not mistaken,
County De>11ocratic Committee.
I
a
wonder how
apr·ointment of a Republican to repl.:tce the
herself
like
both
once
belonged
position,
and
and the
governor.
she
11)
olice
.Jashington
f els abot1t the :._;overnor' s
late �ir.
co�
S::,.rague,
a Democrat
ittee to which she
D on Gellers, _a Democrat,
repeatedly urged his ap].ointment to the
on page
·
getting a coillplete and
former :ne;:;ber of the
The very
unanililously sup,_.orted Lr.
(Continued
whatsoever.
to st�te
I was twice interrog�ted at great length
police officials.
state
its results.
position.
for the
�- 11 -
(Continued from page 10)
kiss Ross asked �eter Cox in her letter
'Do you question the integ
rity of Gov. Curtis and tile State Police?it
v'� ell, if thec.e things aren' t
enough to make anyone question it, I' 11 re1r.ind her of sor.1athi
ne, else
she must remember reading in one of iir .'Hlliarason' s c;.rticles or hedring
on the radio or seeing on television.
I was disruis�ed fr� my teaching job t�o days after my
first
appearance as a witness for tbe defense in the trial bf Daniel Bassett
et al vs. the State of i'i.aine, as the reoult of a phone call
from the
state attorney general's office in hugusta to hlY em�loyer. That phone
call was made the day fallowing my court ap1;earance.
iss Ross does que.stion tLe integrity of Lr. Ge llers, the Indi<J.n!s
attorney in the Bassett' case and the tribal lcind suit against the State
Is he 11working for the Indians or for hii11self? " she queries.
of l'laine.
It it's for himself, it is certainly not for financial or political
gain. The only c.lyraent the Passai.1aquo.:ldies Gt.re able to mak e hiru for,
his services is an occasional load of firewood, ince the state govern
m en t refused the tribe the use of its own trust fund money to pay an
attorney in their land treaty case.
h.nd wit,J the refusal of the
g overno r to appoint hiw county attorney, �r. Gellers is certainly not
profitin p o liticall y .
iss Poss feels a lot of disreputable �eople are to be
Ap,arently
found in the cowpany of i"r. Gellers, although she •.oesn' t coii1e rir,ht
out and say it. I have been to his horae and office any nuwber of times
in the 1 st six months, including my last leave fro� the military when
"'Y ·1 ife and I spe nt four days in Eastport.
I have met quite a nui.iber
of p e o p le t ere, but none "who have followed Lr. Gellars to Eastport"
and I felt "ric;)ht neii:,hborly toward them" as iss Ross -�.uts it. The
neople I met there \ere mostly long-ti1e residents of Eastport �nd
e rry, ! Jaine.
In fact,
The point of hiss Ross's letter was not very well taken.
it w s not even very clear. It see11ed to be just a vague slur against
the efforts o f attorney Gellers and those who habe been reporting,
quite eqitably, I think, his efforts to urrt9-ngle the legal problei,1s of
the Fassa· aq uo d l1 y Indians. I think she is the one who ha...:! better "go
back to li'ast,J or t,
et some iacts, and quote both sides faitly. "
If she is unwilling to, J,erhaps it is just as well that 11.ugust 26 rnarked
the end of her residence in dashington County.
Sincerely yours,
Robert S. Howe, Air�an, USAF
( hare recently �1r. rtowe sent us another lettdr which also has much �erit,
is self ex p la n a to r y and follows. - d. )
•
Dear F,di tor:
In view of the fact that the Indian la11d treaty case has come
in court already and because of the o�her recent development which
out
you
reply to ti; e
doubt aware of, I feel it be...,t that I retract IJ.Y
by 1elen Ross of a nu�ber of weeks ago.
The timing of the recent incident bet".1een Don Gellers and the
It' s too bad
utate ,olice w as too significant to be coincidental.
that state officials and people like Miss Ross have this event to use
as fuel for their fires which are a lr e a d y trying to burn all the bridges
asoa1.iaquoc.ldies. Ho�?efully the lcind
of ..JrO[,ress 11ade by and for the
treuty case will not be da,naged by Geller' s arrest.
I will leave it to your discretion whether to puolish my reply to
the Ross letter, but in view of the c*rcumstances I feel it would be
( Continued on u ag e 12)
are no
lett�r written
�- 12 -
rather ineffectual.
I would like a subscription to the Newsletter
Robert S. Ii.owe
•
•
•
Thank you.
•
(The following article taken from The Portland �ress Herald on 3/12 /68,
explains the incident referred to in Mr. Howe's letter above. -�d.)
Indians' Lawyer Held
On i" arijuana Charge
Augusta(AP) - Eastport attorney Don Cotesworth Gellers, 31, and hlfred
Cox, 35, were arrested at Gellers' ho 1e 11onday afternoon, state police
reported, on charges of possession of marijuana.
The arrests were ;.,_ade by r.;1et.1bers of the state l_)Olice Bur12au of
Criminal Investigation, state headquarters at Augusta said.
The men were taken before Judge John !1. Dudley in District Court
in Calais but were not asked to plead to the charge.
Dudley ordered arraignment held before him i arch 19 in District
Court in Machias.
He set bail at ::..2 , 000 surety or ·r;,500 cash for each defendand.
Gellers poste 1 bond and .,.,as released. Cox was t...:i.ken to the vashing
ton County Jail in Machias.
Gellers had no statement to make regarding rhe case excer;t to say,
" I aw innocent."
Gellers has lived in Eastport about five years and has been devoting
much of his tirne to representing the Passai;1aquodcly Tribe of Indians in
legal affairs.
Last Friday he filed suit on the Indians' behalf against the
Commonwealth of Lassachusetts in Suffolk County Superior Court in Boston.
The suit claims damages for alleged violation of treaties concerning land,
water and timber rights.
Gellers also is defense counsel in a pending Washington County
Superior Court case in which several Indians are accused of assaulting
Counterchar.-es of �•olice brutality and unlawful search
a state trooper.
were made in the case and are under state investigation.
The state police said the arreots of Gellers and Cox followed an
i nvestigation that lcisted several weeks.
Assistant Atty. Gen. Daniel r. Lilley of the attorney general's
criminal division, said in Augusta that the rolice also seized at Geller's
home 11a substance. which we believe to be marijuana."
He said it would be analyxed by a state chemist.
·
LAND CLAIMS
�ome Ind�ans under Federal jurisdiction have been awarded $33.5 millien
by the Indian Claims Commission during the past year, we learn from
t he Rosebud Sioux Herald. -Ed)
·Six other groups, awarded in 1965 and 1967, are waiting for their
claims to becoille final. They may get nearly $2 1.4 mil�ion pending appeals
or other legal action,. the BIA report said.
Of the ne�rly 855 million granted, $15.3 has been ap�ropriated by
Congress.
T he report said the appropriAted funds e2rn interest for the tribes
involved while they wait for final Congressional action and the pay-off.
As of Jam. 1, the Indian ClaiTlls Comt;iission had granted 100 awards
$2 25.4 million.
totaling n�arly
(Continued on page-13)
'
·
�- 13 ( C on t inue d
12 )
f r om page
A �a r ds
1967
1967 i n c l u d e d :
gran t e d in
12 , 2 50 , 000 8 , 500 , 000
6 , 700 , 000
3 , 500 , 000 8 9 9 , 408
7 7 1 , 441 6 9 5 , 564
136 , 165 33 , 2 62
E a s t e rn
-
·
i s s i s s ippi S i o u x
( s i x awa r d s
f our g r o ups ) .
for
S p okane .
-
C o l v i ll e .
Sac
-
and F ox .
Ki c ka p o o .
S ac
-
and F o x .
S n o h omi s h .
/ea
-
Awa r d s
or
e s c a l e r o Apa c he .
( Pe o r ia ) .
1965 + 1967
1967 b u t
in
1965
in
g r an t e d
1 9 66 :
and
2 , 094 , 57 3
o t a � a t omi .
S a c and F o x .
965 , 560
935 , 000 - T o r t h e r n } a i u t e .
15 , 6 90 , 000 - N. Fai u t e .
773 , 1 3 1
i a ru i .
6 33 , 193
Io a .
171 , 89 6
P e o r ia .
not
f inal :
-
-
-
1966
A ·1 a r d s gr n t e d
S 4 , 4 3 1 , 622 -
F la t h e ad .
2 , 450 , 000 1 , 037 , 414
11 , 5 1 1 11 , 3 94
4 , 4 7 9 , 4 98 -
C o n f e d e r a t e d T r ib e s
C re ek
-
the
o f O r e gon .
a t i on .
i c kapo o .
I owa .
Utes
( in
t he C ou r t
I n d i an s C la i1us C ommis . i o n ' s
of C l aims
b e c ause
F A I R V.r1. LUE
}" o s t
t he
U .S .
so
o f t h e c la ims a r e f or fair v a l u e
o r t ake n b y t h e g o v e r nme nt i n t h e
f r om t h e
N CA I
R o s e b ud S i o u x
O f f i c i a l Pr e d i c t s
C o ns t i t u t i on a l
�ak e r s o n the
This
it
go e s
this
ing
the
is
in t o a
I nd i an
in
19 6 8 .
f r om
word
I n dian
of
a
to
R os e b u d ,
I n d ian R igh t s ,
hu n t i ng a n d
may b e
So .
fishin
the
R i gh t s
past
1
at t
me r i c a n
to
se s si on .
ill
"It
H o us e
t ak e
r
Be lindo
he
-
-
als o
o b j e c t ion a t
h un t i n g and
and
c r is e s
1968
Issues .
t r o ub l e - ·
fac ing
t h e Na t i on a l C on gr e s s o·f 1�u1e r i c e.. n India n s a s
m o r e in d i v i d ua l and t r iba l r eL1b e r s h ips in
j ob
ahead ,
a c c or d
t.
po
onal
n t i o n t o t h e � r v i n Omn i b u s B i l l t o gi ve C on s t i t u t i
t pa ss 0 d t h e � e n a t e a t t he c l 9 3 e o f t he
I
I n d ians .
a
gr e a t
o f Repre s e n t a t iv e s
ye ars . "
3/11/6 8 : )
Dakota
righ t s ,
ma j o r
s tat e d .
t o ge t
u a utpai gn
c aLJp a i gn
be fore
to
c e de d
lan d s
T r o u b le A s Ma j o r
o r gan i z a t i o n .
calle
�as p e n d i n �
t h e B IA r e p o r t
pa s t ,
� C A I Exe c u t i v e D i r e c t or John Be l i n d o s e a s a b i g
He
N . �.
e r a ld ,
r e s e r v a t i o ns - - t h e s e
I n d ia n s
Ame r i � & n
r i gh t s ,
it
bir th . )
s a id NC
I
bas
said
N C .A I
is
t his
t ime
to
deal
of
a n d s i 11, n e d
led
the
H o rk t o ge t t h i s b i l l pa s s e d i_n t he
b y F r e s i d e n t J o h n s n , 1 1 h e l.)r e di c t e d .
f i gh t f o r t h l'; o e r i gh t s i l f or a nu1..lb e r o f
o n l y n u t i o na l
t hr e e b i l l s which
t he
o r , . � ni za t i o n
" w o u ld t al- e
nder state
f i s h i n g r i gh t s by p l a c i n g t r i b e s u
T h os e d e s i f i n g m o r e i n f o rma t i on
, •·1as hingt on , D . C . 20036 .
sh ould wri t e :
NCA I ,
to
v oi c e
away a l l
an
I n d ian
c on t r o l . "
1346
C on n .
Av e .
�(14 )
FUND
DRIVE FOR
IND IAN
LANDM.l\RK
GAD:.S ��0:ME l'T'T""" �
Skowhegan ' s Touris t Hospitality Associaticn io �� : - .L underwa�r to raise
funds for the erection o.f the larges t sculpture o f an Indian in the r orld of
its kind .
Nationally-acc laimed painter · and sculptor, Bernard Langlais of
Cus hing, Maine , has been cons tructing the wooden Indian , which will s-�and 45
fee t in he ight , as a landmark for the Town of S�owhe gan .
Members of the
Ass oc iation have been conducting several fund-raising proje cts in an effort to
provide the necessary money, es timated at approximately $10, 000 .
Most o.f the members each contributed $25 to start the project rolling,
and William Philbrick of Skowhe gan furnished the logs for the sculpture .
Las t
sumrne� proceeds from the group ' s Antique Auto Parade went into the fund , and in
the fall the group netted $275 from sale o.f tickets for the movie , "The Sound
of Mus ic . 11
C olorfully painted barrels marked "Help Build an . Indian" were
placed in the town for contributions from touris ts and residents alike , and small
leather cut-outs of an Indian head were on sale at the Touris t Information Cen
ter .
All of these proje cts have bro�ght in a total of almos t half the cos t of
the landmark • • • • �Jhen the final goal is reached the dream of this group of pe ople
will be realized and Skowhe gan will have a landmark unlike any other in the
world .
Plans are now being made to place the Indian on a knoll in Skowhe gan 1 s
Coburn Park ove rlooking the Kennebe c .
One of the reasons for the Indian ' s being unlike any other is the somewhat
abs tract des ign of the figure .
In other words , it will hardly be a stere otype
of any Ind ian , but will depict Indians in Maine prior to settlement by the colo
nis ts and will be �uthentic in every detail .
Langlais has done considerable
re search in order to make it as authentic and accurate as pos s ible .
Ass is ting
him in research have been the Maine Department of Indian Affairs as well as
Indians from Maine re servations .
Since .Maine Indians depended greatly on fishing for a livelihood , the Ind
ian will be holding a fishing ne t and spear .
The Indian its elf is being
cons tructed of four logs , each 30-some feet long and 18 to 20 inches in diameter
at the small end .
They are being seas oned and dyed .
A me tal shaft will be
enclosed within the center for durability .
After the dying and sculpturing
has been c ompleted, the wood will be c hemically treated in order to be . left
untouche d for twenty years or more .
A cement base , 10 fee t high, will support the s culpture on its chosen
spot in Coburn Park .
During the night the Indian will be lighted to be seen
at a dis tance from the highway .
The Touris t Hospitality Ass ociation has also made arrangements to make
In order
wooden scale models of the Indian for tourists visiting the area .
that no models like them may be bought anywhere except in Skowhegan, the pattern
is be ing copyrighted .
Thus the Indian will be a maj or attraction to visitors ,
as well as a his torical monument t o our Indian fore runne rs .
(From the S omerset Reporter , Skowhe gan, Maine , 2 /15/68)
PRESIDENT ASKS
PLAN
FOR INDIANS
WASHINGTON (UPI) - Pre sident Johns on asked C ongress Wedne sday for what
ammounted , to a $500 million civil rights -wel.fare program for American Indians .
The White House said their plight "dwarfs the situation of any other Americans
in the worst ghettos • • • "
In a spe cial mes sage Johns on asked for funds to give Indians improved
economic , s ocial and educational opportunitie s , a greater voice in the ir own
affairs , and tribal rights to determine whether state crllninal and civil laws
shall apply on their re servations .
(C ontinued on Page 15)
�(15 )
.PRESWENT ASKS
• • • •
(Conti�ued from Page
14 )
But without wa it ing for Congre ss to act Johnson is sued an exe cutive order
creating a Na tional Council on Indian Opport ity, headed by Vice Pre o ident
Hubert Humphrey and including six cabinet members to seek improved living con '
ditions among the nation 1 s 6oo , 000 Indians .
The me s s age - the firs t one a Pre s ident ever sent C ongre s s on Indian prob
lems - was the re sult o f a spec ial task force s tudy begun two years ago .
John
s on said it had dis c losed a "shocking s ituation " exis ted among the Indian p opu
lation , which include s 400, 000 on or near re servations in 25 s tate s .
The Pre s
ident , w o said his proposal would c os t about $500 ,000, 000 , as ked that C ongre s s
take ac tion t o provide ' ' a s tandard o f living for the Indians equal to that of
the c ountry as a whole 11
He als o asked that they be given "an opportunity to remain in their home
lands , if the choos e , 'ithout surrendering their dignity; an opportunity to
move to the towns and c ities of Ame rica , if they choose , equipped with the s kills
to live in equality and Q.ignity . 1 1
Johns on said Indians should have "full par
ticipati on in the life of modern Ame rica, with a full share of e conomic opportun
ity and s ocial jus ti c e . ''
(From the Bangor Daily News , 3/7/68 .
Asked to c omme nt on the Pre s ident ' s
proposals , Maine ' s C ommi s s ioner of Indian Affairs , Edward Hinckley, explained
tha t he doubte d that the tribe s of Maine , not be ing under the adminis trative
jurisdic tion of the Federal government , would benefit directly from the reque s ted
appropria ti ons , but that he felt the national attention be ing focused on all
American Ind ian s would benefit the Passamaquoddy and Penobscot Tribes indirectly
He als o commented that he was glad to see Pre s ident Johnson fol
in many ways .
lowing Maine 1 s lead in involving ithe Indians more in the deve lopment of their
Ed . )
own future .
u:i
-
�
•
• • • •
-
NATION 1 S INDIAN POLICY
DRAWING
SHARP ATTACK
A s tudy based on a s ti ll-secre t Hhite House task force report blasts the
Federal Gove rnme nt for trea ting Indians as " s imple minded children " and attacks
the Johnson Adminis tration • s pending Ind ian aid bill as showing a " tragic mis
c onception " of the real ne ed .
The s tudy was wr itten for Congre s s ' Joint E conomic C ommittee by Herbe rt
But Striner
E . Striner of the w . E . Upj ohn Ins titute for Employment Research .
was reportedly a member of the �Jhite House task force and used many of the group ' s
1966 findings in his report .
U . s . Ind ian Affairs C ommis s ioner Robert L. Benne tt immediately took is sue
He said progre s s was being made in :improving Indian
with the Str ine r s tudy .
c onditions and that the governme nt is moving away from paternalism to le tting
Indian leaders make the ir own de cisi ons .
Striner charged that the Adminis tration ' s le gislation, which was sent to
C ongre s s las t yea r , " c omple te ly" ignores Indian needs for educati on , trainin g ,
hous ing, welfa re and he al th .
H e said the leve l of fundin g needed was "never
properly unders tood . "
He urged a pha s ing out of government boarding schools and es tablishment
Striner als o s aid
of local s chool b oards and a· national advis ory board ins tead
as sure the Indians that pre sent Federal
that the federal government should
prote ction and service s will neve r be taken away unle s s a tribe spe cifically re
The fe ar of the los s of government help has turned Indians
que s ts this s te p .
agains t various new plans in the pas t
(Bennet t s a id ) ins tead of ge tting new legislatio n for educati on, hous ing
and other areas ' the Adminis tration has been seeking amendments to Great Soc ie ty
programs to increase the ir Ind ian c ove ra ge
(From Canmunity Deve lopment, Was hington, D . C . , March 1968)
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
�16 )
FlJ TURE OF MAINE IND IANS NEVER D I S CUSSED F I TH THE 'F. :':� -:'. '
by D ick P l an t e
Memb er s o f the Auburn -Lew i s ton Kiwan i s Club were t o ld that th�re has too
long been a leek of p l ann ing and bene f icial par t icipat ion in the Indian af fair s
in Ma ine .
Edward C . Hinckley , head of t he Maine Departmen t of Ind ian Affair s ,
t o l d t he Kiwan ian s : " The Ind ians have been here for about 10 , 000 years but no
body b o t hered t o d i s cu s s their fu ture wi th them . "
The s peaker s a id he believes that the lack of p lann ing was due to an as sum
t ha t the Ind ian s , as a peo p le , w i l l d i s appear .
But he said the theory is in
correct and he t o l d his aud ience t hat Ind ian her i t age should be looked upon as
a premium rather t han a l iab il i ty
The Ind i an exper t said Maine set an examp le for o ther s t a tes in January
Hinckley s ai d i t
of 1 9 6 6 when i t created i t s Depar tmen t of Ind ian Affair s .
made t he s t a te a leader i n t he developmen t o f progra�s for the ben f i t o f the
Indian s .
" Ind i an s have no des ire to become inv i s ib le or t o d i s appear , " Hinckley
s t a t ed , as he p o i n talout to his aud ience tha t the Ind ian culture is as d i s t inct
as t he cu l ture of the many o ther nat ional i t ies which make up the American pe9p le .
'llle s peaker t o l d member s of t he club tha t there mus t be p l anning to aid
He s aid tha t many
the Ind ians in impr oving themselves and t heir commun i t ies .
o f t he Ind ians prefer to remain on the reserva t ions because o f their rel a t ion
ship w i th "Mo ther E arth . 1 1
Hinckley s aid some s teps t oward improving the l o t o f t he Ind ians have
'
been t aken .
He s aid tha t he met on ly yes terd ay w i th represen tat ives of the
Pas s amaquoddy tr ib e and o ther s ta te and federal o f f icia l s about the fea s ib i l i ty
o f a comprehen s ive s tudy of the need s and resources of the Ind ian commun i ty .
( See February New s l � t ter , Page 18 - Ed . )
He s t at ed tha t the Ind ians � have
the ab i l i t y to admin i s ter and manage their own prob lems if they are g iven t he
s ame a s s i s tance and oppor tun i t ies ava i l ab le to other commun i t ies .
Hinckley a l s o t o ld Kiwan i s that for the f ir s t t ime in many year s t he
Leg i s la ture has approved a bond i s s ue to make po s s ib le cons truct ion of scho o l ,
The s peaker no ted t ha t t he
water and s ewer age f aci l i t ie s on t he reserva tions .
b ond i s sue w i l l go to Maine vo ter s for approval June 1 7 , and urged res iden t s of
Lew i s ton and Auburn t o s uppor t the measure .
Hinckley t o ld h i s audience that t he u l t imate goal o f h i s depar tmen t is to
return the Ind ian t o h i s former s t atus - he s aid I�d i an commun i t ies , like o ther
Maine communi t ies , s hould be s e l f -governing
(From the Lew i s ton-Auburn Journal , 3 / 6/ 68 )
• • •
• • •
• •
• •
SLOW PROMOTION
We were pr oud to have what we b e l ieved to be t he only ful l - b l ooded . Chero
He was recogni zed as a highly competent yeoman
kee in the submar ine service .
At the
f ir s t c l as s , b u t couldn ' t pas s the examina t ion for ch ief pet ty o f f icer .
po s t ing o f t he lates t exam resu l t s , when he found that onde again he had no t
made chie f , he commented dry ly , 1 1 I f I ' d s t ayed on the reserva t ion , I ' d have
been chief two year s ago. "
(From t he Reader s D iges t , January , 19 68 , by TM2 Richard T . Vannoy )
ABBREVIATION
In Hami l ton Coun ty , Ohio , t he Board of Park Comm i s s ioners �as looking for
'llle re w�s a s ugges t ion that the commi s s ioner s
a name for a new 1 , 010-acre p ark .
migh t cal l t he p l ace what the Ind ians once did , Moqueghke Kitchokema Wehyahpi
Af t er leng thy cons iderat ion , t he commi s s i oner s cho se Shawnee
hehr sehnwah Sepe .
Which s eems pa le- faced by compari son .
Lookout i n s t ead .
(From Spor t s I l lus tra ted , 2/26 / 6 8 )
�(17 )
CURTIS A SKS
HHH TO INCLUDE . NAINE INDIANS TIJ p_ '· G-fl.' Tr
AUGU STA - �v . Kenn eth M. Curtis has a sk ed Vic e Pr e sident 1k."' phrey to
.
include Maine Indi ans in the half billirm do llar s in federal
ai d that ha s b ee n
r e que st ed b y t h e administrat inn .
In a letter to th e Vi c e Pre sident , the Govern�r r equ ested that the Nat ional
C•:mncil o n Indian Opportunity " alsn consider assi sting Indians on State r e serva
t ions in planning and r e commending pr grams . "
Pr e si dent Johnson set up th e
counci l , named Humphrey i t s c h airman, and has asked for a $500 million appropria
t ion that will be c h anneled l argely through federal agenc ies to t ribes und er
f ederal juri sdi ctio n .
" We in Maine have three sma ll Indian re servations and t:ire attempting t o
impreve th e hou s ing , edu c ational and r e creational facilit ie s 1 1 the Governor s aid .
,
1 1 I hope it will pr ve po s sible for an increasing number of national Indi an pro
grams t
be d eve ].(')ped so as t
include ' St at e 1 trib e s as well as ' Federal 1
tribe s , 11 the Goverm r add ed .
Maine ' s three r e s ervati n s are 1 c at ed near Perry, Princ eto n and Old Town .
But b e c au s e �f t h e way Indian trib e s c ame under gove rnment supe rvi s ion, mo st o f
t h e Indi an s living e a st c f t h e Mi s s i s s ippi are le gally t ermed 11Stat e " Indian s
while mo st e f th0 se we st
f the river are und er f ederal contr0l.
Thi s hist r i c di ffer enc e has, in r e c ent year s , c aus ed problems for federal
ag en ci e s
seeking t
d et ermine whether State Ind i ans c an r e ceive aid und er th e
poverty pr grams that h ave b een e s tablished in the past d e c ade .
FUEL OIL ANALYS IS ORDERED AFTER FIRE DESTROYS RESERVATION HOME
EASTPORT - As a re sult ("'f a fire whi ch l eft an Ind i an mother and h er s ix
children home l e s s ,
a st at e fire inspe cto r Friday sent samples o f fuel o i l to the
st ate l ab . ratory for analysi s .
Ind i an • ffi ci al s h er e are also qu estioning the
f Perry an d Ea stport Fir e Departments in answering th e call and o th e r
delays
events conne cted with the fi re .
Inspecto r Donald Bi s s et
f Blue Hill said Fri day night that h e took s ever al
s amples of fuel oil from homes on the Indi an Re servation tc determine whether the
oil c ntains any explo sive or fo r eign substance s .
a . m. Thursday at th e home of Mr s . Mary Yar
The fir e at approximat ely 9 : 3
mal was b elieved to h ave started as a r e sult of a nooded oil burner in the liv-·
Bi s s et added t hat a ft er
f the home , acco rding to the stat e in spec tor .
ing r oom
u- s . Yarmal had t ak en the three yqung e st children to s afety an explo s ion was
he ard inside th e dwelling.
Th e Perry V lunt e er Fire Departm ent arrived about half an hour aft er th e
c al l was turned in, and Eastport ' s Volunt eer Department arrived about 15 tG 20
minute s aft e r Perry, a c cording to Governor Jo seph Mitchell of the Pleasant Po int
Re s ervatio n .
He a lso repoxt Eid that the Perry pumper failed to function proper
ly and secondly, the res ervation ' s only fir e hydrant was di scover ed "plugged
Gov _. Mitch ell pointed out that the e ntire inside e f
wi th mud and e th er debri s . 1 1
the h me was g utted by the fire, d e s troying all o f th e f amily ' s po s s e s sions .
11We have b e en trying tc get a volunteer departme.r:it started on th e r e s erva
tion during the past ye ar and we are still trying to get th e e quiµnent , 11 Mitchell
said, adding that th e Perry and Eastport Department s are repaid for all c alls
The Perry Department i s about 2� mile s away from th e
made to the r e s ervation .
while Eastport t s d epartment i s about 5 mile s di st anc e .
res ervation
vernor po inted out that s everal f amili e s o n the r e s ervati o n have b e en
Th e
Becomplaining lat e ly of the i r fue l oil having a " si zzling " sound a s it burns .
ck.
Re
cau se of the r epo rt s, inspe ctor Bi s s et was said to hav e t ak en th e s ampl e s .
ect ed from the lab t e s t s by Mo nd ay or Tu e sday • • • •
sults were exp
See r elated story n next page . )
( From th e Bango r Daily News, 3/23-24/68.
�(18 )
INDIAN STOVE INSPEC TION DEPENDS ON 3 FACTORS
AU GU STA - An insp e c tion
r e s ervations and cleaning and
rde red as the aft ermath cf a
the h e ad o f the Dep a rtment 0f
0f
il-burning s tove s on Maine ' s three India�
ad j us tment nf th e stove s wh ere n e c e s s ary will be
r e c ent fi re wh i ch de stroyed a Pleasant Pnint home,
Indian Affai r s s aid Tue s d ay, if :
Money can b e found to hire a l i c ensed oil bu rner r epairman f� r th e job ;
- Tribal Ceunc i l s authori ze the pro j e ct , and ;
- Ind ividu al homecwner s give their consent .
Commi s s ione r Edward C .
Hinckley,
1:.0 ld th at a r eport by Stat e Fir e Inspector
Donald Bi s s ett 0f Ells"WO rth Tuesday state s that chemi cal t e st s o f fuel oil
u s ed o n t he Pas samaquoddy Re servation at Perry showed no c· :>ntaminatic·n,
s aid
h e will att anpt t 0 find fund s t o fi nance the burner in spec tion .
/
In h i s repor t , Bi 3s ett s aid he b el i ev e s a fi re th at de stroyed the Ple as dDt
Po int
home nf J:vlr s.,
home s were
Mary Yarmal la s t we e k and burner flareups in oth er· r e s ervation
c au 3 ed by malad justment s and di rt ,
and not the fuel •
• • •
The Dep artment
0f Ind ian Aff ai r s c alled in th e Fir e Prevention Divi sio n after th e· Yarrnal how.e
burned an d o th er r e s e rvatio n r e si de nt s complained 0f o il burner flar�-up s .
Burne r s in s ev eral r e servation hom e s were insp e c t ed • • • all of th e burners were
dirty a:1d o ut of a d j ustme:::it , Bi s sett reported .
The burner s were of t he b arometri c feed typ e , in whi ch proper inst allation
and maint en anc e i s 11very c rit i c al , 1 1 the inspe ctor pointed out.
What i s ne eded ,
he
concluded ,
i s fo r all the burners to
me n and put b ack into
safe running
( From th e Bango r Daily N ews,
be ch e ck ed and servi ced by qu alified
co nd i tio n .
3/27/68 )
HOU SING AN D SAN I TATION PLAN S CONTINUE 'ID ADVAN CE
Dur�ng th e p a s t month ,
the Pen b s co t Tribal Reservation Housing Authority
r e c eiv e d approval of a draft of i t s preliminary application to th e Hou sing
As s i s tan ce Admini strat ion,
and the final vers ion c f the appli c ation will b e sent
to th e New York r egi onal 0 ffi c e of HAA in th e near future .
This appli cat io n
will s p e cify t h e numb er o f hou sing r t uni t s 1 1 de sired for t h e Peno b s co t Re servation
init ially, and will requ e s t pr eliminary fu nd s so that planni ng,
l o c at ion activit ie s may be st ar.t ed .
de sign and site
An agreement i s being n eg t i at ed between the Penob s co t Housing Authority,
the Old Town Wat er Di s tri ct,
th e Dept .
of Indi an Affairs and the Publi c Utilit i e s
Commi s si on re l ative to th e exi sting wat e r sys t em 0 n Ind i an Island an d a contin
u ation of wat er servi c e s by the Di stri ct,
for fund s to expand th e sys t em .
as a n e c e s s ary preliminary t� a request
On March 18th the Pleasant Point Pas samaquod dy Re s ervation Housing Author
th rough Senato r Mu skie ' s o ffi c e , th at th e F ederal Water Pcl
lution Control Agency has increas ed it s sh are of t h e c o s t of a sewage treatment
ity r e c eived wo rd,
plant for Pl easant Point from 3 0� to
70%
40% .
The effe c t of th i s de c i s ion is that
of the fun d s ne c e s s ary fo r th e plant are now appro ve d , through St ate and
Federal fund s ; the r emaining 30% of th e co st of the plant has b e en r eque s t ed o f
th e E conomic Develo pment Admin i strat ion .
and
Federal appli c ati o n s fo r s ewage and wate r pro j e c ts on t h e Pleasant Point
Indian Townsh ip Pas samaquoddy Re s ervations h av e been submitted by th e re s
pe ctive Tribal Hou si ng Authori t i e s ,
in th e amount of $3 80 , 800,
JO% 0f �1 e Pl e a s ant Point tre atment plan mentione d above .
t he s e pro j e c t s will b e approximately
$670, 000 .
including the
The total co st of
Bot h Pas s am aquo ddy Tri bal Housi ng Auth ori ti e s are wci rking on thei r pre
liminary appli c ations to the Housi ng A s s i stan ce Admini stration, spe c i fying th e
numb er
f 11unit s 1 1 de sired and requesti ng i ni t i al fu nd s s:imila r to tho s e being
r e que sted
by
the Penob s cot Hou sing Autho ri ty .
�(19)
NEWS FRO ·1 HERE AND THERE
On March 1 8 th , Mr s . Barbara Joy Kenda l l , of Pr ince ton , began -v ork as a
Social v1orker II for t he Depar tment of Ind i an Affair s ' Calai s f i e ld o f f i ce .
Her' appo in tmen t f o l lowed a mee t ing of repre sent a t ive s of the Pleasant Po i n t
and Ind i an Town s h i p Pa s s ama quoddy Tr ibal Coun c i l s o n Mar ch 14th , at whi ch
t ime her app l i ca t ion and appo intmen t were unanimous ly approved by the t r ib a l
repre s e n ta t iv e s pre s en t .
1"'r s . Kend a l l w i l l be working wi tl-i Mr . "Dud " We s ton ,
.i
who s e appo in tmen t wa s appr oved by the j o in t Coun c i l s on January 1 1 th .
The
new pos i t i on was approved , e f fe c t ive January 1 s t , by the 103rd Le g i s l a ture , due
to t he s i zeab l e " c a s e load 1 1 on the 2 Pa s s ama quoddy Re s ervat ions , which �. s larger
t han a s ing l e f i e ld worker can e f fec t ively hand le .
Pa s s amaquoddy Commun i ty Action Program s ta f f members John Ni cho las ( Plea
san t Poin t ) and Morr i s Erooks , ( Indian Town ship) re turned in l at e Mar ch from a
Whi le
6 -weeks CAP train ing program oper ated by the Univer s i ty of W i s cons in .
there they had a chance to v i s i t Menominee Coun ty , Wis c . , forme r ly t he Menominee
Re serva t ion be fore t ermina t ion of F ederal Indi an programs by the U . S. Bureau
of Ind ian Affair s .
The Bangor Dai ly News of Mar ch 14 th p i c tured Mr s . Jeane t te Moore ( Pleasan t
Poin t ) i n s tru c t ing her we ekly CAP-sponsored sewing c l a s s o n the Re serva t i on .
The c l as s ha s 1 6 women and gir l s tuden t s and oper a t e s under the d i re c t ion of
Communi ty Ac t ion Aide B e s s ie S tanley ; 3 sewing mach ine s for the c l a s s wer e dona
ted by the Por t land Z ONTA Club .
The News of arch 2 2nd p i c tured Pa s s ama quodd y CAP Direc tor Archie LaCo o t e ,
Hous ing Aide and a c t ing As s i s tant D irec tor Andrew Dana , and Economic Oppor tun i ty
Aide Dan i e l Fran c i s d i s cus s ing a propo sal and app l i cat ion for an on- the - j ob
I t i s hoped t ha t
training pro j e c t for the two Pa s s amaquoddy Re serva t i ons .
through thi s program , men can b e trained as o i l burner and furnace repairmen ,
smal l mo tor repairme n t , carpenter s , p lumber s , e le c tr i c ians and he avy e qu ipme n t
operator s .
The Rev . and Mr s . Fred Ludwig , mi s s ionair e s to the Penob sco t Ind ians on
Ind i an I s land , were gue s t s of the Women ' s Ni s s ionary Society of the F ir s t Bap t i s t
The couple spen t 6 years i n nor th cen tra l
Chur ch i n Por tland , on larch 1 9 th .
Congo , � e s t Afr i c a , and in 1 9 6 1 were appo in ted t o s erve t h e Ind ians o f t hP
nor the a s t ern Un i ted S ta t e s by the Conservat ive Dap t i s t Home Mi s s ion S o c i e ty .
Na. AVAILAB LE - The four th in a series of 1 1 fac t she e t s " d i s t r ibu ted free
o f -charge b y the Ma ine S ta t e De p t . o f Ind ian Affa irs ( S t ate Hous e , Augu s ta , Me .
04 3 3 0) .
En t i t led n The Ca tho l i c Ind ian Mi s s ions in Maine : 1 6 1 1 - 1 8 20 , n and wr i t
t e n b y Mr s . S arah S . Ha sbrouck , the 6 - page pub li cat ion de scribes con ta c t s b e �
twe en t h e t r ibe s o f uhat i s now Ma ine and the Catho l i c Chur ch from t h e d ays o f
the f ir s t French exp l or a t i ons o f t he new wor ld .
Othe r s in the Ind ian s of Maine serie s now ava i lab le from t h e De par tment
are 1 1Gene ra l Informa t ion , " nDe par tment of Ind ian Affair s , " and " The Enduring
Ind ian . "
Cop i e s may b e ob tained on re �ue s t by con t a c t ing the De par tmen t in
Augu s ta .
Penob s c o t Tr ibal Gove rnor John Mi tche l l and Ind i an Commi s s ioner Edward
Hinctcley share d t he program of the Orono -Old Town Kiwani s C lub ' s me e t ing on
February 2 9 t h w i th 11rs . J. Al len Broyle s o f Orono , a Che rokee Ind ian .
Vote
�
- Vo t e YE S - Vo t e YES - Vo te YES - Vote YES - V o t e YE S - Vo te YES - Vo t e
P.EFERENDUN <;UE S TIOi'! tlo . 1
S PECIAL STATE-: JIDE ELECTION
JUNE 1 7 , 1 9 6 8
S CHOOL IMPROVEMEt·. TS Otl 3 RE SERVATIOF S - SEWAGE ArID �'1ATER FOR Ill) IAI'! TO !!'!S HI P
�( 20 )
" S TATE " " IND IANS :
F ORGOTTEN PEOPLE
Governor Cur t i s ' cal l to V i c � Pr e s ident Hub e r t Humphrey no t to over l ook
; . S t a t e " ::Ind ians in p l ann ing and r e co1llle nd ing d eve lopmen t o ppor tun i t i e s (See Page
ll
1 7 , th i s i s su e ) focus e s on a l arge ly · ignored prob lem in the U . S .
" S ta "'.: e 1 0 Ind ians
may be de f ined as memb e r s of t r ib e s over which the F ed er a l government , wi th . it s
s re c i a l ly-de s igned Indian deve l opment programs , has - or exer c i s e s - no j ur i s Jic
t ion .
Maine ' s Pa s s amaquoddy and Penob s cot Trib e s are " S t a t e " Ind i an s largehy
b e cau s e the or i g in a l t r e a ty agre emen t s made wi th the s e Tr ibes were conduc t ed
by t he Ma s s achu s e t t s Bay Co l ony and , la ter , by the Commonwe a l th of Mas sachus e t t s
be fore there wa s a n a t ional government or Congre s s .
O ther Tribe s ar e b arred
from p �r t ic ip a t ing in n a t iona l Ind ian programs for l e s s c l e �r rea s ons - the s tate
o f Nor t h Caro l ina inc lude s some 4 5 , 000 Lumbe e Ind i an s .
In 19 5 6 Congre s s enacted
l e g i s la t ion s t ipu l a t ing tha t this group " sha l l , from and a f t e r r a t i f i cat ion of
the Act , be known and de s igna ted as the Lumb ee Ind ian s o f Nor t h Caro l ina11 but
empha s i z ed t ha t this l eg i s l at'ion d id not a l t er the ir s tatus as per son.s ine l igib le
t � r e c e ive s p e c i a l s ervice s fr om t he Federal Governmen t on the bas i s of Ind ian
b lo od .
The s e arb i t rary re s tr i c t i ons on progr amming have l imi t e d s ta t e s in a t t empt
i n g to devi s e pr ograms airo� d at improv ing t h e s i tua t i on s on S t a t e Re s ervat ions
and wi th S ta t e Tr ib e s - the trib e s of Maine exp er ienced such a s e t -back of more
t han a year in b e coming qua l i fied to app ly for Commun i ty Ac t ion Programs und er
the "War on Pove r t y , ; ; t hough a waiver of t h i s r e s tr i c t ion was f ina l ly ob tained
from S arge n t Shr iver for the two Tr ibes of Maine .
Add ing to t he confus ion of s t atus are such s ta temen t s as the s e , con tained
in a l e t ter from the U. s . Commi s s ioner of Ind ian Af fairs to Ma ine S ta t e Repr e s
enta t iv e Ra lph 0 . Brews ter , d a t e d Apr i l 1 8 , 19 3 5 :
' 'As sured l y , there fore , under t h i s l a t e r d o c t r ine the
Ind ian s of our eas tern s e aboard - mean ing tho se e a s t o f
t h e Mi s s i s s ippi R iver - a r e as much sub j e c t t o t he para
moun t au thor i ty and j ur i s d i c t ion of the Federal gove rnment
a s t ho s e we s t o f that r iver ; bear ing in mind in t h i s conne c
t ion , however , that the du t i e s o f thi s O f f i ce are l arge ly
admin i s trat ive . . .
I t may fur ther be s a id that the l imi ted
appropr i a t ions by Congr e s s in b ehal f of the Ind ians are woe
fu l ly in s u f f i c ien t f or the ir pre s e n t real needs and in the
ab s en c e o f sub s t an t ia l ly incr e a s e d appropriat ions we lack
su f f i c ien t fund s to extend our a c t iv i t i� s into new f i e l d s
or in b eha l f o f t ho s e r emnan t s o f t h e Ind ian trib e s on our
e a s tern s e aboar d not here t o fore expre s s ly entru s ted by
Congre s s to our superv i s ion
;i
1 ) The coun try as a who le has
The p o in t s o f thi s mat ter a r e as f o l lows :
a r e a l d eb t , as we l l as mora l and l ega l ob l ig a t ions , t o Amer ican Ind ians as a
who le , wi thou t regard to their curre n t or p a s t s t a tu s as 1 1 S ta t e 1 1 or "Federal"
Trib e s .
? ) S ta t e s s hare this deb t and the s e ob l ig a t i on s , in ways too numerous
(and ho�e £-J !. � r too we l l -known ) to d e s cr ib e here , in t erms of the as s i s tance
provide� the c o l on i s t s by the local Tr ibe s .
3) Mor e and more programs which
cou ld p o t e n t ia l ly b e of gre at bene f i t to Ind ians are b e ing cr e a t ed by Congre s s ,
b u t w i t h few ex cep t ions - where they s pe c i fy Ind i an s as a par t icu l ar group t o
bene f i t f�0c.1 i..: h ?n
t he s e ar e l imi t e d to F eder a l Tribe s a n d Re serva t ion s .
4)
I t i E r. 'J •: :i -:· c .:> !.· � ' · T 7 :c or t he U . S . Bur eau o f Ind i an A f f a i r s t o ex tend i t s dir e c t
j ur i s diZt� on t 0 f. ·...: : �Le Tribe s , but i t i s e s s e n t i a l tha t new program l eg i s lation
or admin :l. s tr:;. t i ve p;:.· ac t ic e b e r e -d e fi-;;;d s o that S ta t e Tr ib e s and / or r.e s erva t ions
may pa"':.:' t icipD. t e on t h e same b a s i s a s any o ther Ind ian co1lllu n i ty .
ll
A �U'"l"'.::"1'.:lry n 2 r.be s cope of thi s pr ob l em is as f o l l ow s : Eight s ta t e s (Conn . ,
Me . , N . Y . , I" ;=: r� :! . , 1: . i:. , s . c . , Tex . , Va . ) have S ta t e Re s erva t ions and 2 7 , 300 S tate
Ind i an u .
F c . :. - � ( � l : n ad.J i t i.ona l s ta te s (Al a . , Ark . , De l . , Geo . , I l l . , Ind . , La . ,
Md . , H:i s s . , F . E . , E . J , , N . C . , Ohio , Tenn � ) have no S ta t e Re s ervations and 6 7 ,'500
The s our ce of t he s e f igur e s - the U . S . Bureau of Ind ian Affair s !
S ta t e Ind i an s .
•
•
•
-
·
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTE R
Pi ne
S tre e t
NEW S UB SCR I PTI ON POLICY
EFFE CTIVE
JANUARY 1 , 1 9 6 8
,;.;;.' r·�·:J
.i.
�
...
1
1
./·:·\
�i
�
!:::;::.:
�
.•
Beginnin g in January , the
sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s w i l l Le charged
for a 1 2-month sub s cr ipt ion to the
MAINE INDIAN NEW S LETTER
Indian
Non-Ind ian (Regular )
"
(Con t r ibu ting )
"
( Suppor t ing)
(Li f e t ime )
F REE
- $ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
-$ 10 . 00/year
-$ 50 . 00
-
If you are a NON- IND IAN , wherever you
l ive , fi l l out and s end in the sub
s cr ip t ion s l ip (be low ) W I TH the appro
priate amoun t .
Your subscrip tion
wi l l begin wi t h the next avai lab le
i s s ue af ter your subscript ion i s
received .
If you are an INDIAN , wherever you
live , f i l l ou t and send in the sub
scription s lip (be low) , ide n t i fying
your Tribe and enc lo s ing NO money .
The addre s s labe ls ind i cate the s tatus
" I -F " me.an s
o f your sub s cr ip t ion .
The abbrevia t ion of a
" Indian-Fre e . "
month ( JAN) is the t ime - nex t year your sub s cr ip t ion fee w i l l again be
� wi l l � � !!!! ind ividual
due .
expir at ion no tice , .!2. � �!
�- - �� - - � - - - - - -� - - - - - � - - � ----- � -- � -� - · - --� - - � - -- - - - - - - � - - - - - -- - �----� - - - - - - - - - - -- �- -
I would l ike t o rece ive regu lar mon thly i s sue s o f the Maine Ind ian News le t ter :
_
_
__
DATE__ __ _ __
I ND IAN
_
NON- I ND IAN__
ADDR ESS
-___,.
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
__
_
_
_
TRIBE_
_
___
( S tre e t , o r Po s t Office Box )
_
_
AMOUNT ENCLOSED : $_ _
_
(Ci ty
S ta t e
Z I P Cod e )
Sub s cr ip t ion rate s : Indian -0- ; Non-Indian - $ 2 (Regular ) , $ 5 {Con tribu ting ) ,
$ 10 ( Suppor t ing ) , $ 50 (Life time )
Send this s l ip , with your sub s cr ip t ion charge , if app l i cab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTER
Pine S tree t , Freepor t , Maine
0403 2
- -- - - -� - � - � --- - -. - - - - - - ----- -- -- - -.. -- - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .--.� 1""'- - ,_ --. __ _ ____ _ _ _ __ .,.._ _
.....
Don ' t forg e t your Z I P Code !
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTE R
BULK RATE
U .S.
POSTAGE
Pine Str eet
Freepe�t , Maine
3 . 6¢ PAID
Freepert , Maine
Permit Ne . 33
1403 2
ADDRESS CORRECTION
REQUESTED
Y
Co l b y C o l l e ge L ib r
l b y C o l l e ge
Co
0490 1
W a ter v i l l e , Ha ine
JAN
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (March 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-03
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-462
-
https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/cd80be87ae8d0593682bfe62ed77b714.pdf
84070a0d182ac7463ac9b19e3ecdd730
PDF Text
Text
2,
Volume
8
Numb0r
M1-W
PENOBSCOT NE
(� I ov
.i\I "-Wil dCOL L EGE
By Cr.rol D...-.na,
T
....... :. Club
-·
968
Ap ril 1
1968
O
Indi,
Cl ub Activiti1J
of
Activitic::;
Indic.n
fill ct _rt next
Iol--nd
mon tL
oa tL_ r<::D-1r'v�.ti on,
Gpo��G r..:d by t: c Divicio:J __.f Bure.c�u :Jf HunL�l Rcl:..tions .·.nd led by Sict r
C-.ri t- ...J .
T.·
.:-..c tivitic.:> . .rill l r..ve (.� l <:.ccc .t on snorto ev.:::rit::.; sucL ·-_u a.
....
�irl's
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l
L.nd v � lcyb:·ll.
b.:.dlli.:t:rn,
co�l-i� ;; c�urse for t c girlu in tb0 p.::ri �.
ill i·_cludc
.k.i ,.,. d"'c ... rto. B:.k d Al:.clm, p u d d L 00
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io
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r
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·ns 12.rc:;�r tl• . . n· tl.1::
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'r_.crc
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doub t :.s to uhet�· �r t.� is clinic G� ,uld be co;.�tj_,-,u�d.
:,_-.rt. vivuo
?.
cliaic"' ·1or ... poorly .:-..tt-.1ded.
n:-.d t],
·1otLoi.ns i r._ ,.tt 1...:1, lid t .ey bet
t!:e notico or ·.-rnr
t�. ir c. iJ.dr�n v -.cci1:.-. te d so c. _; . .: .:.'G c 1 - e?
.SL cc t . . e:
1 �st (.,li:.:.ic 1c.s 2. succes.s tlley .all sti ll IJ
&ld.
·fuo 1ucr<:.. cli,1ico 7 ill
:-�lso be .1.eld in J.pril.
.•
...
_
..,,
St.
p-trick's
St0u
TL" A�rnual St. Po.b�ick's SL0:1 u'-'-u l " eld
There r1ere about 12 5 pe ople :.:.t t !e d<:.. J s 1ow.
Pat
'.V e re
sold .:.nd g".L!GG
vrnre
Fr.-__.cis,
. Songs
�ere
Loring,
C'1�r1es
su�g by
pl.:iyed.
t�c
'.d,e
Surd.:-.y c.t_2: 3 0 ,1;.1d 7:30 p.L·.
Refrcsl1"w.:ts
..i.1J. [;r<.:.b b .gs
i r c lu de d 00::0:::; by tl�e. ba 1d,
o..cts
rtnlpl:. Nic!:olc..,
y oun g e r girls,
...
i
Jr.,
_ .••
d J3·.rb...:.r..:. Fr� .•1cio •
April L ring, c..nd
Vicki F rcL cis,
Rho.1dc. · 1itc 1 e l l, :.lso tl'le Oc..khill 2,irls, 1- �ggy C�<ev:::.ree, G . ylc Pl�illips,
and .1c.ry hc.wilt on
'-..l'othe?r gr�·up, Orl · . rr d c1 �rl:, TL.1 Lwc, ..:l!.d ·;ic!_;.'.01
R.:'.nco sang folk .songs.
C o te die s .:cr0 acted by J.lbertc:: Fr_ . icis <::.. d
vclyn
The
Snpiel, nnd Dale Lol2r :-.nd 'fiu 1hc_.:.1:. c-.cted
s
Lc.ur8l 2�1d He.rd;;.
f tL ..:: CLurc��.
si10,'f ,1;::.o :. success �.nd iU:..s f .Jr t::"' ben fit
...
•
.
.
.
.....
__
Tutor
by .
...
.
Tl ere is e.. t u t oric. .l pr u gr.. 1'1 o.:i Indi-.n Icl --.ad .r:.ic. i.s sp::m...;c-red
.
L""i. st ya ..r o__ l;-/ 25 c::ttc:; ·ed , t is
C. of the Univor.sity 0f 112i:1e.
. .
1rl":ere ::.:.re
1-12.
c:.lso -.·fr·o
·I' "!e progr�'.m in clude .=->
40.
ye ...r t� ere c..r e
t he
lJl
Pi.�ogr
t�;:::i
2lso t.:i.ke
p"'".rioh 110.ll,
adults
p .rt
or in
·1.::>.rkL1g
in t 1'. is .
th"
Yout':
.oi,�es
The
of
:::..
of people fro..:; "'r�.d�s
s cl �o :J l diploLi...�D .1:.0
tE£J.cl: L. t· e tr_,_b.::.l :."_-_11,
group
for their
tutors
tl:.c
Lig!'i
pe:::iplo.
Lc-:der::>hip C0L.v'-:iti0a
der s L i p Conve tion iK.s :_ l d ,:.t .JJ11n B�pst hig:1 ScLo-.11
Tao
ecplc
ttend�d ti,-3 con
0f t h e loc<.11 pe.ri she s .
Gr2.dc.1 Lol c:.r :-..nd 1. y.:rnlf.
d,
vention fro1.1 St. .Ann' o pc.ri::>h en I:idic.11 I�l
7:3 0 �J . . to 1 0: 3 0 :P•
Tl'.<:) coi·ve:1tion st.:-..r t c d Fridu.y tL2· 15L of �:: r e: fro
'l'Lere ,rnre t-.:::11c..goro fro_:, tl•� �re 1er, Bene
c.nd a.lso S2.turdc.y and Sund<:i.y.
book
ivc:1
r.:2.cli Jf U"" ,.fc.
dict.::-; Bango r, L'.�:d Old To·:m ·rca }JL.risJ;es.
di s c u s .J i .J n grou:·s
Je ,·Jere divided i
le t cc:�lled Christ ir..ni ty ii "'"?ene11al.
t]1e o·.Jok
·e re.:. . d c: . . =_)ter'� i
with c. diccu.saioa l e'-'. d e r c:ud L secret::ry.
e lc..twI
TLis discussi:rn urc:..:.; for our s e lve s 011ly.
c..n d sns'.:cred questions.
i.:;2. the red in one group.for �: n otli.er discussion ::�1d to -;_.re-: i, t t c c .m clus ior
Tl in nc..s pre: :::ented by the secre
·.1e c �;,1e to i;1 sns-.7cring t e quest ior:s.
ent;;;d on by tlie rest. Fc.·.ther lrnnroe
tc:.rieG ..'.':1d further disc u s se d op co,
�·.::·in discusLion.
ar�d Sistar h. ,..,le ;::1:.r of Jo!.11 :S�tpst rn.i:-e present c:.t t:
-�c- 2. J1e·;1 ex:·�eri.:;nce to uG in -1� icl. ·.-10 fe l t close to God
The co;.1ve11tion
. '!10 is J. sus C..ri_,,t?
The t-O!')ics we dis cu ss e d ȴere:
c::nd our r e l i g ion .
( C� nti1lued on F.:...ge 7)
;.
for t
e
Youth
L
.::.
te.::nc,gerc.
__
·
:
.
__
..
__
....
c
..•
..
..
..
..
......
�
�E D I
·
.
TRE
u;.I" :"E II\"DihN W.: ISLETTER
EDITOR;
T 0 R I
A L S
,)
:. .. _}"(,,-�)
'
opinions
•
:...·
to
be --sen t
•
.1;
}!c:.ine In di .:-..n Ne·. slettcr
Pine S tre0t, -Free};or t, i'�t:.Li.e
st .... tewents
stories
or
ideas
Perry,
...
�
,,
1 c . :.,:.
following:
04032
H.:.ry Y rm:�l
cartoons
J. .-
the
jokes
lec:.Sl-•nt Point Reserv �tion
infor..uc.c.tion
or
recipes
04667
�ine
i :orris Brooks
Lints
Indi n Township
me os
r,h.e
Princeton,
reledies
or
sugg stions
Carol D.rna
gri:1es
Old To��,
0466�
cor. plc.in t s
Indic..n
predictions
Island
Maine
04468
ne �s items
I�� SPLIT RAIL FT, -CE
Still
tl.e spli t r�il fences s t .:.r1d
Silent
sentriea
O v erse eing
to
tl
12.lld
�
Land not fit for plouing
Woods not fit
�nd colicky b&bies
Seek" .g peace in hills &nd clen.
Co··
s
d kids
c;
Even th •ug'
obeJ
t
ey
Or s ..ling on t
o
t .eir
jump
split
This b o u d r y keeps
Firm �nd sure,
To t Lis
Leavi�g
.re dee1
st
nee
d d'". ce
rc..il gc... t e
o ur
Sees
And colicky bc..bies
defence
our split r:-.il fence
re2tling
ir no t fit for
S�ies not fit for viewing
Sores on our bodies
ur seed t he f�elds of clover
i·L4.RTI1
And colicky b�bies
Gnd harves t's over.
LUTH.!:R KI .G
·re re blind
'1/ater not fit fur drinking
Lakes not fit for bathing
Sores on our bodies
And colicky b�bi�s
F.veryone of our kind
We ·1ere sled
And bled �nd b led nnd bled
Ti.t.
not fit for fishing
E�rth not fit for pl..:nting
Sores on our bodies
f ,,te.
pro tec t ion,
.en su set 's here
We
�
Anim�ls not fit for breeding
Skin .not fit for
And colicky b�bies
no more
No land,
No you,
Jar and
•
pestilence
in our land
Blood �nd �urder of every m�n
no sea
no me •
tz.nning
Sores on our bodies
1e no more
Exist
for cutting
Sores on our bodies
fields ��d wen
Sores on our bodies
•
And colicky �2bi es
·
{ !1&.t
I
&yb e
io the end
to :i.11 this sin
t Le end to the beginning ag _in
Sores
on our bodies
�(4)
LETTE1�.··
'l'O ''h"S EDITOR
Dear 1� s . Tho@pGon:
'
I ·:12..s r�ca1 tly v ..:: ry 'ortun .te to lk ve .u � d .:. s.1 ... rG i11 t_. r-> p 1�--..nning
.
1 · .::
..
.
of a nuccessful "Firstil for tl1.e N ... tive Jomen in the ;·rovince
of ,.._lberta The First
c:tive ·if0i:1en Is Conf _rence of :'ilbertc 011 l'iC:.rch 12t h through
.
15th, I11d:u::n women ra2y hc.ve been tr�.diti 0 � 1 ,- L y silent -.,ad cJ.G:Cepting
::. ..
but the d�y is c or i n g , es this conference illustr�t d, w�eil iley �ill
tc:ke their pL1ce beside t�-ie uen to . rork for
better to .. orro1;1 for .:.11
nc:;.tive peo_::,le.
Enclosed �re so1IB of the clippin�s from th
C onf � ren ce.
Thay sp eek
for themselves.
J.1.nd perh·· ps you .wi·, _t fi d smilatl1ing in t .e
lor your
Newsletter.
�
.
·
_
c:..
Many thanks for the c o pies you hc:ve been sen d i g r.ie.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Andrea (Bear) 1 icholE.s
(Nrs. NicholRs pirticipated �s one of the di sc us si o n leaders in the
fo ur - d c:.y conference in Ed.uonton, Alberte.
.n.rticles stt.rt on p.s.ge 9.
"LO ,
-Ed.)
THE POOR IND IAN"
by
Rc..lph Nader
The cry of 11 Lo, the Poor Indian" resounded once agc.�in froill if�shington
- this tihle in the form of c speci�l presidential mess��e to
Congress.
Lik e a torrent of previous stc.· tei.ien ts 011 the r1Forgot ten Amer
ican'' flowing frow the D e pdrt m e n t of Interior, the President seid m o s t
.
AS
of the rigl:t tl ii gs c::-.nd used most of the COu!pE:ssio;:l<:.te c.djectivcs.
in f o r mer Jea.rs c:.nd fori..ter Ad,"':... . istr.:�tio s, e ...... J Lc..s is 'dcc..S plc..ced on self
'
hel:p, self-deterr.1inc�tion, e.. higher economic stc:..nd_-..rd of livi.ag, b\..tter
educrtion, i rnp r ov .d 1- e c. � lt h cc:re, m<.tnpo11er tr c:..in in g , new ro&ds, c..nd a bill
of rights fo� th e 400,000·reservntion I .. di�.s.
Is th-re anything neN here, other th�n furtter Lction-tlisplacing sy.w.p[� thy thc1t hc.s br e d c.:: h--.rd skepticisill into ...1ost Indians
direct J h ite E.ouse
Cle.:u-ly,
long resi gn ed to �1overty in perpetuity?
COfilL1it@e.1. t to Indian betteri.:lent, fo·r t he first ti11e, oives tl...e wlSSion
gr e::. ter visibility c::.nd iw .. ortc.�l ce.
Tl: are is a 12 -�·ercent increa.se in
ove�all Indi�n uppropric..tions requested of Congre�s for fisc�l ye�r 1969.
Bu t beyond th�t, the President's raess�ge �voided decl�ng with t�e endur
ing org�niz�tion�l dry rot upon whicl. these progra s �re being �dv � c ed,
tlis
mon th
�-
.
nuQely, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA).
One hundred Gnd nineteen ye�rs �go, the BIA �as established in
The
the Depc.rt11ent of Interior -.vith both presuiJed c:..nd -:e::.ctu�.l i.J.issions.
the lc.tter v1ith fac
former dealt with iL.1proving the lot of the Indie..n;
ilitati ng the encroachment on or ·exploitc:tion of Indic..n lands 2..nd resour cef
..
·
Und,er the Burec..u ' s aegis c-..nd congressional directive, the Indic:n 12 nd
base shrunk from 150 mi�lion acres to the present 53 million acres - about
For generc::tions the Bu.cec:u pr'esic ed over people
the size of New Engl�d.
Indians· Jere called 11w,_rds11, were culturally devast
without a future.
ated,physically puGhed �round �nd entwined in t.1.e most i�tric�te web of
burec;.ucrc.tic regulations .:.nd rulings ever i nflict e d anyv-11 ..iere in this
'rl1ey still "re.
nation's history.
In the �eantiwe, the.BIA has pr osp ered , growing to its jrede t
fed
size of approxiwately 16 ,000 ewployees providing the serJices of
Togetter
erel, state and local government in one .:dministr�tive bundle.
with snm.:ller pro grc:�ms in Indi.::..n heE�ltl1 (under tL.e Fu u l i c lie.::.lth Servie)
(Continued on Pc:-.ge ·5)
c.
�(5)
1110, TR:.� !JOOR I ·DIAlli
.
(Cont�nued from ��ge 4)
and anti·.overty
�')ro&r=-.i s ( i
or.:o), c u ��.._· e . _ t .i. isct:.l ye ....r .::.�'};ro ri;�.tio .s
Indi-ns tote.led �bout �460 1 i l lion or an
eve�& e inco 1e ·.�r reserv�
tion f:-r il�·· of so:·�e �5,600 if paid out i n
C.:.!.sh.
(TLe ::- v e r· . g e fc.m.::.ly
inco11e is . • 1, 500 per annUlil.
for
T!1e
Indi[n budget h ... s
b ee n i ncre .... sing e..t a r2.te thc._t h.:.s doubled
Yet the pict ur a on the reserv�tions is dr�0 ��d grim.
The prese t poverty t .lly is e. 40 :.: e rc e nt uneui�loyr!lGi.1t :c&te C li th Lluch
undere< loyuent),
ros:sly dil � p id at d housing, at le2st )0 �xrcent illit
.
in tLe pest decade.
er?..cy,
t·.:o-t: irds the life exi ect ncy c::.n d lzss tl:r..n c:. ti ird of tlie c::..ver�ge
inco e of otl er . mericc.ns, raa1: any disease including '"'- tuberculosis in
cidnece seven ti�es the nationcl � ver ge .
�
Anyo.e /
dre£.ry redu.
o h�� f�ll�?ed Indian aff irs firds these f igures to b�
-.11cy of pnst reci t-t.ions.
·Jith the exccpti'";n of soue c.d
L1di�n he c.. l tll , reserv';.tion co •ditiarr.J _e,•.:-.in c..s o.:.d or 7orse
vc.nces i.
th n 10 or 20
has
years
e erged i
Angeles,
�go.
the
fo
D(!nv�r
m
of
In the p�st de e de
a
new
di�ension of
d�sp ir
200,000 Indi·�s in city slums such �s Los
... nd
·!inne .. :polis.
But tl:e .3IA co .tL u s to exude f..ds
er it is re loc.:.ti n 2. 1r:..y fro 1 t!1<:. re.serv :. tions, tourisU}.,
winercl develop�e�t ��d t�e l�t�st unfilled expect_tion - bringing industry
to thE �eserv�tions.
of ho e
reco
-
/ � et '
-rior to t .e Pr es ide nt ' s mcssege,
e nd �tio
t
1
of
tr�.1 sfcr ::_:irim.:.. ry
0
.:·
the
resid "'nt ' s T<..Gk Fire.
the
:
si b i lit
y
�11ite -uuce r�j6cteJ the wajor
o.:.
P. ..:e��ic.::..n IndL..-:ns to
for Ir:d.L'..n �-f i.:...irs fro•. ; the
"':: d u c --.. t i o J.
cf Interior to the Secret ·ry 0f he�.lth,
Sccret2.ry
�1nd .1clf;;_re.
r.£111e
·r:-sk Force, ·n its still secret io4-p:-ge re·Lort c\.n l c ted in lS.06, ur ge d
t_ c s l. i f t to h.•, Jo.1 t� e ?r unds t: �.t 75 percen t of ;: ot.:�l Indi.:-.n ap·;?ro:t--n:
ti on s is
: llocc.ted
..
53
percent
by
e ·
of tl e
to he2..lth,
�r
0uaget
ed u c& tio n , .J.cl 11elfure fuuctLins.
(1250
�il l i on
in fi sc �l
19�L)
About
aoes to1&rd
its educ�ti0n function on the r e serv � ti o n .
;ith responsibility f or Indi:n
1 e:.l th .s e rv ic e s ".lre .dy in
J, t.' e Tc..sk F orc e diplouz.tic......lly concluded
}Jhc,sizing
tlL.t
"
.....
.' p ogrcIII e · ph�.. sis on conserv.:.tion
r es 0 u r c
:;; 11
.
by
of t --..e T:.Ek Force's
.nd nc:-.turc::.l
disbust c�d despcir felt
. ..:.:rfor.J.:.nce of tl1e Bure� u.
1d i41pr st.ion �h ... t ''too
T ••e T,_sk Force renort took note of t} e ddes r� ..
m�ny BI
7ere si �ly time - servers of wediocre or poor coJpetence
employee
wl o re:uc:.i ed i 1d ... finitely because they v er e willing to serv e iI un:--ttractive
�. -lny
e�e_t�
uch
�
l � cid rc::.tion�le
...ie.
e
�s
.
c..i.t
.1�s the
t11e
�
th�.t too li.lc..ny hc:.d
posts <'".t lo
r.:. tos of pc:..y for l o n g periods of time;
unconsciou..,ly anti-Indif'.n cttitudes =-.nd a.re convinced th"'.t Indi�-�ns ure
.rf)eten.t and their beh:.vior re f le ct s thin · s sULlption
o· clesaly inca •
re�llJ
Buildii1g on nuruerous ..: revious governL1ent (Eoover-ty-;e* critiques
ask Force ticked off c. li s t of '.dis
' s ch-.... geless '!'�''l:/S, the
of the BI
"Tl e Burec..u h.:..s no re.:..lly ..._ ,rd dD..te.. on
in&dequ te
e d uc tion • • • gross l
Tie 8ure�u does n ot e v e n lave
d......ta on 1Lich to b�se development p l ns.
ore tr-ined st·--tistici.:-.n o!!_ its st·:.ff at the prese;.1t ti.11e (its :.:.u�}:il e.s�
cove ri es • '
•.1l·ich cl ocked it:
popul�tion d�cmics,
i co�e,
y
e ployment,
�
�
y
..,hocking to the T�sk FGrce, �as the total
el ted ra�tter, e uall
• • • A
tr
�bo •nee of .. .ny R &. D fu. d£ iE t.1e BIA bud ·et.
b.] 'l __ l1L ic:-.c"'r 'J.11 be cou p l ted in
r is � .. rticle
\:;ditor's _1 0 te :
lie ,Jill. disclo.sG dO e incid - n t s invt1lvi 1g t.i.1e .311
t. e Mey issue.
1
. 1
�(6)
YOUNG
CHEROKEES PROT .ST
}iPHA.SIS 01�
N .,/ INDUSTRL�L SITT::
By Kimmis H e ndri ck
uf
Staff Corres�ondent
The Christic..n Science i'_oni tor
T'- hlequc.l ,
Indic:.ns
h..;"'..Ve tuo wn.ys of looking t tLe C erol-ee l'J.:� tioJ.·
here.
tric:i.l site
Ti
ey
desibned,
2.nd
ricr1
-·
�.gree
it's· h2ndso.:1e.
.J.
include of.. •
."ices,
c..n
wit1,
Okla.
ne•:I
llldus
:-:t trc..ctivel ..
beautifull/ �+ oil ted rest .ur ..nt,
service stc..:.tion.
Ulti·11.itely,
40 buildii. 6s,
cove ...�s
It
's
·.::rehouses,
e ye to tLc noter1ti.:ll of the vc:-.. c·· t:._on country
� ii�e �ot 1.
But like the rnrd 'h� tion'1, wl ich J::..:.s b1::::en onl
� courtesy term
since 1$06, when this grec:.. t Indic.. n tribe lost its sove.i:.=ie; ty, tl cse
buidings prompt ob�ervers to ask t10 �uestions:
7ill exon mic yro ress
th e r e �ill be
surrounding Tutlequuh,
deep Ii di c.n needs?
Or is stres Lig
fnilure to co;·11e to ;rips . itlt deeper issues?
re ...:.lly l·.1eet
To
mc::.ny e2._,tern
buildings,
ho:pe.
to
dedicc.ted
get c:.;1e ad.
Yet
2
rut
Cherok
ch
jobs,
youn� Clerokees
few
into
Tougher problem se�n
threw
t,1e iniddle
project.
It r.i.:tsks,
,
�
h.c°'-lJ.° y
e.
tliey su.y,
2.nd .;_,ybe
Cherokees �1 "'..VC
ounted
oout
as Ii dL.n
chief.
T:ic.
Mr.
dedic�t0d
I�.
.:.'.d
Is
site,
jobs
before,
employment,
Give
jobs to
no,.
ic
my
like n
..
ther.1
_c_ny of
re ,_rd
c..s
s � 11 se that
the
vern.1ent in
Jick t,.leir
pri.,ci:p ..... l
l iw.
the we .lt ... iest uen in
of
of th:::
even
trioe
by
.
.::i
Fr.s:.Dklin D.
is critics,
�-B
tot-.lly
1 f�nds has o�de possible the new
in rtlany cc..ses, hc"lVe
jobs to come.
policy m2inly ke1ed to
rogr�us
they cirgue,
jobs,
At the
Indi..lns v7ho,
Current feder�l
Indi""ns
c:.
t-OVcrty here in L,e Ozc.rk
as numerous Indian-initi�ted fro. ra�s,
that it is.
care
a
6
is one
and- pro.111is�ng filore
or
these
ec
';re9ident of ::;>_1il..Li�Js FetroleUi.tl
,
appoi.1 t€d chief
offering
answer to Indian needs?
as w�ll
k�eler,
m�nc�2 .�ot of tri �
Ke�ler's
onstration,
united St .t�s ;;·ppoints
pc::.rt Cheroke�,
originallf
to e.-.t,
c:-.. nytl,ing.
to
fi·_ y c.:i..n't
to Che£okee inter�sts.
industrial
never
1.
d.
tribt...l
it.
Ile is univers. l l i· desc.1.ibed,
Roosev�lt.
·
Keeler,
wc..s
He
holaa.
h"ve
President of t•.e
He �1c.p,:ens to be
Company.
._:�mocrc.tic
no
r
f
the iiidu.stri�l-site
problem the. t
toug�ter,
Indian trib .... s
fac... de
JJ1ajority,
stLnd
enJu0>
protest da
foothill.
most .. rnerican
::mlli!!ler,
[.
of the dedica.tion cere11onies.
all Cherokees ... r en' t
-...
j u st as tough,
�
c,
prob�.uly to
l.:tst
p:..y c .eeks,
People se..y the incident harJ.1-r
same tiw.e,
"�S,
cerewu1y
they me .... n
Specificc..l ly,
n10 !1 ke y w:cench,
Oklc:;.hot.:ci
w i th
econo ics only
getting it,
the
adequ ate
for the American
Indian,
rest on the e s s umption
and other :_1robh1s
will t.:i.ke
of themsleves .
DOUf!,'�t
.Sm�1e young Cherokeas described usually by their elders c:..s "mixed up"
think thet top priority should go to �etting a democr�tic�ll; �lect�d
He is reportedly bdcking · congre&
Mr. Kedler agrees.
tribal govern .. ent.
Self-govern!'.:.lent
sional move this
be
gotten on
yec..r to get it.
his terhls - ;uec-�ni11g
f.:.S
lands,
sterill.ling,
directly fro
12.ck
.1
'in 1907, made
arrangedent for
them vu.lner3.ble
1
tribe.
t;iey
Their
1.-.
.1-.nd
nd difficulties.
(Continued in the next issue.)
L
The Hhole
y fro;'i tl1erp.
L
their lc'.nds, ·.hc:n stc:-t tel ood c.:-�e
to exploit<:.. tion.
probleus h�s intensified their
th.ii k it will
anotl er concern •1hich
of self-governLlent ... s
2re slip in
due to numerous f·-.ctors,
ori gi ncl congressione..l
young critics
p rts hc..v2
..,hese
i ·t:t.ny older Cherokees in
s-ee
But l!iS
subject to �1is control.
a
te..ngle of heirship
�(7)
.
. ,
PENOBSCOT
/5
(Continued fro,.' p.:.ge
·.1:
t is the C .. urc l?
T.is
fa�
n
conve�ti
ua.
�o- e t
I
!°11c.'.t is
.2.s
tl::e
ligl. tneing
are
oe
�il�
�
T\!O ilC-ko 2.r�o sevonty five
visited ti.1e
grou�Js
guides.
i'
Univ<::rsi ty of
7it:1
re�
visited tl:e
T
c
de1 .rtue t,
10
T
wu-eu
ne ·.r
�
.
�.
.:.1 t
. i1d
tl..e
2nd
of
v cnLws
.!orld.
t:1.-m0: t
Ul.iV<.:r.::ity
to ei ..'..�'ty c.�ildr.:.n
left
··
t·ic�.
T·1�se
-. r�.dio
,
o
t�1e
2.i.1e.
buse
Iou t�:.e C�,u:cc.'..
!orld?
- nd ::;·oen..:d u
re
Visit to
1
2)
1 :00 p.
o::i.
....
tel visi.1;-
frc)ij;
;1e1 c
c_ .ilC:ral1
Isl:.nd
Indi.::.r.
d_ vid�d in to
1!
.rcH
st._ti0a,
.
23.
. nci
sevun
;.,ild
Tl!e
.::ntl_
0 · ,o lo gy
.:.griculturc:l d p rt.1eut ....nd t • .:.· 2.stro .:.i.J y 0uildii.1g.
L .d lu:·. c . . c. d visit d t!":e
,lt f ive o '.clock
orui t .J.i.�L.s.
t:.ey ratur· 2d
-, .....
to to:::ll ::.) ut tl: ir trir 2.,_,d t�-- t:iii.1gs t .. ey .A.:ld seen.
Tl is 1:::..s c.lco S�)OLlCored by s . .n. c. ' th.) S<.t.Je sroup Sj_JO! ::.orL r; t.:o tutor
·-
t�:c
... .lso
ild en
progr·
DBCO �r • .l1::::D FIV�
Sgt.
a
g
duri
Victn2....
2..
�ugenc
:;.t
To
·:1
veter.::
1
Eu
J.
e..ie
t
.i1
I;1di
L irL g,
�-
tl1e Old 'I1o:u\
fr or.
J:"'(.nc
.d
i. Vi ·ti:-...il
� c.xt
co1..i
--nie:d t.. e
duty
0-.
c
u •. it ·d St��teo tl e
�ie;J. . ds01 ,
�1 ...·.skH.
1s, 3.:�1 ·�pr
:.ill , )/30168,
�ore retur.ii11e; to t.
st-.ti
(Fro.! t.:.""
is
11,
nre
itc
•.
·is
ell ,
B-.. p. 1r D. i l r
·
- l.> ov ....
.. rti ...
l "' .)
·
Ph�SAi A1 j;
I ret
:licco .si
' .u
tl!e
o
_
ed
1 ... �
.. nd
ttc purp ......... e
'Jf the
ere
T
f...
n·
r:d
w.y
'e
:·
ver
ruy 60i...1b
i .... ..;isGi Jpi
tr
•
ice
ti ere.
DY N:- !S
'
/...sl.i_ gt on,
Iv�· ... 1e,
ioGt
Lertofilinec c(j.
c0ur .... e
.:.._Lg
-vc
1e... e sixty
f
Indi c·. ·11rio"G
1ise
c.,f
t-old
0:1e tr:.i:Jec.s fro
�'11!·'
vu.;
re
I've
... -
� ..
1:.s
fr Jl.il t.!. e
t0d.
T ... ,
e.re
Olilinea
I1dins
were
t could
ne
rt:
prove
tJ
to
c.
United St.. t0s
teri..titl��t°'d
iil
self s u s t .ining
11c:..y tl.cy ope.:- te I'm confident tl.c::t tlJ.ey
ck
•
Ui.ive .: .-� ity
Osceol"'
N
,
I:t;:)re
tl:... y go rigJ.t b
.."c
Billy
.1icconsi
t!1 c
from
e
dlieve
I
t· o
yeL.rs to
t:
.:. t
.re. t 011.:...ef o�ceol:: o f tin. Se11inol s.
I al.:JCJ v i3ited t:..: only I11diRn Cou ty in tl-o
e
pictLLe
loi.nt
1; ile tJ c-re.
Tlter
:i..
One t_ �1t
C.::r�, .L1�:.
1Jho i� t�·G di ...�cct .escend2..nt of
1._3
:.e
e t
�
P::t�r D
Ii t ·. t,.e exce Jtiol!
dif1'erent
1ere t'drt-.e •.
..:
tLc
6
I -��' .i. gton.
F.1... rid<:!.,
i pr
·.!
trc. ... tod
0f
ei'.s t
St�.te of
fr
�f i10..rcl..1.
fir_,c
1....t F.;rt
By l1or is ..::ir�.kG,
J
r .,erv'-_t_,_,
b.:>c.-,t Trib .. ,l c�w1.ruor J. 11
Leri. g, \1.�o '·� . outst� nding yuun..:;
__ n
o-f ' is Ola
c le f t .
1 i3h S c�.o .:.1 c l_s::; t· 1
ye . rs
.;o, is - c- .re�r snldier.
He s:_:-ieDt a
E.i .....
io
Cu.ctis
cxtrc
"'L
yc-.r
t
·.1 .
� e; ... :1eth
to Gov.
livtcns
y
t tl:c.. St.:-.tc l:.ouGe "1, e.i.�c t; e "i.v-e-ti. GG decorated
presontcd ·' st.:-, te fl.:[;.
it'
t e serg.2..;:.n t, .1·10 is
••
dcd Pc . . -lbsc
full-blD
fL.t.�er,
e
40 ,
Loring Jr.,
J.
brief c�
TI.. :-:s
1i ll
1,961
, ...... d
i:Ic:-.ke it;
·1.!iicl
_.nd
th e y
judging
OtJ.1er-
re.3i::rv:.tiou st�.tus.
tl10ir o.•/11 lu,.... b ... r mill .1LicJ- ewplo�rs :lpproxiaT.1ccc people l_ .v
t. eir 01111 g ov
'fhey �lL.v
tl r r� c hund ... ed Indi, .i _, � rou1:d t !e clock.
I �-:lsv visited t.i e Falllily .::;f John Lc::.rwe
er c t, their o•m Fi.1.·e Dept.
1ho iD our ViGtc..
I 1c..::::; trc ...1 te d very i 1ice by 11r f. hrs F. f. L.:r. e. Fr...u1k
is hos,_.it'"'-1 •
i: tour of
L.:lr e iG n do ct r nnd .i1e took u1c o
le visited .::. reot
tne tom.
. tour of
on
.., . LL.ruie ... . loo to o k . e
3:1 ti1c \Ly, I r�c 'd my
o.ue ruid '· d._iry f ...r.:i1 .... lEJo ,: voe .... ti,Jl .. 1 scLo�l.
.. tely
e.rti ic"'.te of .:-.cl ieve1uent
t �t
t�e U.ivcrsty of
fro
for Cout..<u11ity L.:-.: d e r 3J. l i p Devel-
�(8)
PAS .::> A� ·A\- 1 UODD Y TS .l/S
( C on t in u e d f r om
P.:. g e
)
'(
(
f-
R e c ently , I ,
c::. l o n g w i t h J o h n N i c l·· o L. s f r o• 1 t e
e r r y Re s e 1 v � t i o
�
r:c i1 t t o Lo11g I s l.:-.nd t o t <... lk t �1 t h e s t u d e !1 t s fr o 1� R o c k
"'..
eville C en te r .
nr e o� � f un d r � i s i n g d r i v e t o h e lp t h e P � s sa��q u o d i c a .
l . i s s � l a in e
)
Zir..1 e r ;::.1c:..1 � . n d i·ii ...., s Ja1:li c e S t e ib e r · :� r e c o n d u c t in t; t:1i s d r iv e .
E la. i n e s c.. i d t J : t t 1 c y � .,r i l l b e 0 1 t h o;; f v.L d r . isinci d r i v e u Li t i l tL
• .
end
of
the
s o · e one
s c '� o o l
f r o ul
..
,,re ;_.r ,
�.t
whi c h
c
ti
11
t �·i e y '· '
pr ..:: s e H t
-
,i -
the
nev
"
to
y Tri e .
I (. B t ir.1� t e t h e i:i.ill o un d to iJ e s o, e · ' l . e r e b e t "T e e2 t L r c c :'. n d r o ur t h o u
s c.. , n d d o l l<:'.. r s .
I c · 1 e, c l o s i l [:; s o 1 :1e c li l·'J.> i n ·_·s f r o . . tl e S o u t h s i d e s c l o o l
·
n e ws l e t t e r a n d �. s c l · e d u l e o f f u t ur e <} V e n t s .
"Je
ab o u t
t ll e
.s..
�1 � d
the
At
I n d io.n s
tre: .ted
d .-:-. n c e
one
[
·� u e :.:; t �. o n
h :·'. i l'l e
"/e rrn r e
� 300 .
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on
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John N . D e mp s e y o f C on1 e c t i c u t �nd R a ym o n d F . S 12 f e r o f
e n n s yl v �n ia .
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A n o t h e r v o i c e t o ok up t L e c ry : ·
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1 1 I ' 1 1 ..-1 i r e t he Pri1 e
J' i n i s t e r t o n i gh t .:. n d .:: s a o ow c::. s I ge t his
I n i l .L le t y o u kn ow r i gh t o. 1>1u.. y . 1 1
1 1 I t b e t t e r b e s o o n o r ·,v e ' l l b e b c:. c k . 1 1
s c i d i .r s . R o s e F c::.. u s t , n
O t t a1-m
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H '.nn L1g .
c::. c c e p t a n c e
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Then
3/1 5/68 ,
t l· e ir
b ui ld i n g .
t h e E d i Jo n t o n J o u rnc:-. 1 ,
( F r om
The
ab o v e
• 1i1 0 f1t:!.r t i c ipnt e d
d i s c us s i o n l e a d e r s i n t h e f ou r d a y c oL f e r e n c e i n B d � c n t �n .
s ub m i t t e d b y i lr s
r t i c l e wc:: s
as
. .r o rd ,
said
c l cppe d
t ur n e d
l i v in g
five ,
my
i t , 11
r e c e iv e
q u i e t ly
c
wo t h e r
re
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.
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Ui c h o l ::i.s ,
OS EB lJD S I O UX I1' D IAN AC UU I 'I1'rr.D
1 9 - ye �r - o l d
¥ i l l i 2� S t � n d s ,
s t u d e n t , vrn.s
de lib e r a t e d
c h &r g e s
inno c ent
f o un d
h our s ,
f o r � e lv e
the
o f mur d e r � 1
f o rfile r Un i v e r s i t y o f S - u t h D �ko t a
The D o u gl 2..s C o un t y jur y
cl " rges . .
1:1 ur d e r
of
and
r e t urne d
2
o f V e rm i l l i on
deAth
verdict
of
j e we le r ,
inn o c dnt
Jade s
on
the
Ye � d o .
on c l 1. _ r g e s o f b ur g l.:-. r y
In
um r d e r rb r S t c. n d s .
D e c e m b e r c Yank t o n C o u n t y j ur y r as u n� b l e to r : c h � v e r i c t and Judge
T h o111as · /h i t e h <.Hk , S t ... : n d s C O J.tp ·' n i on ,
J .::u: es B :c n d y d e c l .::. r e d E _ rais t r i.:t l .
Iru;:ie d i n t e ly
c:-. n d
gr ".. n d
pleaded
die
he
in
gui l t y
the
will
c::. f t e rw.::-.. r d S t ..:t i d s
It
l ar c e n y .
to
the
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the
on
S t - nds
tl e
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..., e c o n d
s lc:-_ yi n g N ov .
c hai r .
de f e n d S t nn d s
( Fr om t ! e
·.v.'.s
ne
;1
13
and
cl 'l.r g e .
sentenced
R-mon R o u b i d e aux ,
to
in d i c a t e d
•
S o ut t D - k , t a , 4/8/6 8 )
o f f e r ing
is
on
s ub s e q u e n t ly vv e. s
at t orn e y ,
R o s e b u d S i oux He ra ld ,
B e ui d j i B t.:-_ t e C o l l e g e
"T e e. c h i n g In d i .:in c . 1 1
ur�e s t e d
t r ic.. l
�:
c o ur o e
in
the
Spring
� u :1r t e r on
� nd
C ul t ur a l a n d B is t o r i c .::.. 3: b .:� c kgr o uu d o f -,� i n n e s o t & In d i , .n s , v a l u e s y s t e
c u r r i c ulum , d r o � o u t s , i Llp r o v i n g o r � l c::n d w r i t t e n c o m.nrnn i c c:: t i or
r e l a t i o n s wi t h p�r e n t s , t e a c h i ng s t r � t e g i e s , L�d d ofil o n s t r a t i on s � r e
the
c onte 1ts
self
i&inge ,
of
t�is
( F r om R e d lake
c ourse
•
•
•
•
Re s e r v.:, t i on Ne -; s ,
Re d
Lake ,
· inn . ,
3/22/68 )
�(11)
KE N JEDY MAKE S HI T �HTH Il'IDIAr�S
for
a
F LAG S TAFF ,
whi l e
Ar i z .
(AP )
S a turd ay .
- Sen .
Rob er t F .
And he had
t ime
ing o f h i s Democr a t i c pre s id e n t i a l
Ke nne dy p l aye d the nonc and id a t e
to r e f l e c t
on wha t
campaign a l l me ans
the
exp l o s ive o p e n
in the hard
t erms
o f po l
i t ic s .
H e a t e b r e ak fa s t w i t h Nava j o chi ldren and f o l l owe d by pre s id ing over
a S e na t e
s ub commi t t e e
pr e pa r e d
to
weeks
h i s d r ive
of
i n quiry in to
the prob l ems
te l l Ari zona Demo cr a t s wha t he has
to un s e a t
o f Ind ian educ a t ion .
found
in
The n he
the grue l ing
f ir s t
two
Pr e s id e n t John s o n .
Hop i s , Nava j o s , Ap a c he s , Papago s and Que chan s l i s t ened to the pre s id en t i a l
con t end er i n a l ar g e ha l l a t Nor t he r n Ar i zona Unive r s i ty , whe r e h e s a t b e fore
a wa l l - s i z ed Ind i an rug , rapped a pen on the tab l e for ord er , and tried n o t to
be po l i t i c a l .
But he cou ldn ' t re s i s t t he temp t at ion to t e l l t he t r ib a l l e ad e r s
a n d s ever a l hund r e d p e r s o n s in t h e ha l l tha t h e cou ld b e a l o t mor e he l p f u l
t o the Ind i a n s a s a pre s id e n t than a s cha irman o f a sub c ommi t t e e on Ind ian educ a t i on • • • •
Kenne dy heard
a b i t t e r a t t a ck on
ma tr iar ch and Nav a j o
Tr ib a l
ernmen t ' s hand l ing o f
he
t o ld
t he
s t ou t ,
Ind i an ch i l dr e n is
t e l l you t h a t
the p l i gh t o f
sh akeup
t he
Ind ian s
to
" j us t
Ann ie , "
the Bureau
to make Congre s s happy . "
s aid Ke nnedy ,
s t ar ted
the
day under
300
a t tend ing pub l i c s cho o l .
The New Y orker we n t
or d e r e d and
ate
cerea l ,
who has me n t ioned
s pe e c h and has
pr omi s ed a
and
wand e r e d
Sen .
he no t i ced
the
s ome pr ivacy . "
•
•
ab s en c e
tha t h a s
of
b a c on ,
" Thi s
through
orange
juice
the
cafe t e r i a
and
l ine w i th
a g la s s o f mi lk ,
a f e l l ow sub commi t t e e member, t hen
jus t i sn ' t
s a t i s f a c t ory , " Ke nnedy s aid ,
par t i t io n s b e twe en d o rmi tory b e d s .
" They de s erve
•
c lu s ter e d around Ke nnedy a s he mad e h i s roun d s o f t he
U s u a l ly undemon s tr a t ive ,
t aken
sunshine b y
the chi ldr en .
R-Ar i zona ,
dormi tory .
Smi l ing Nava j o s
d prmi tory .
of
Pau l F ann i n ,
t hrough t he
s p arkl ing Ar i zona
Nava j o ch i l dren from t h e n e a r b y re s ervat ion are
e gg s ,
then cha t ted w i t h s ever a l
He
as
compl ained t ha t
in a lmo s t every campa ign
the gov
" I ' m wi t h you ,
if he b e c ome s pre s i de n t .
The weary c and i d a t e
and
s he
f i l l a new s cho o l
I ' m no t happy , "
vi s i t ing a d ormi tory whe r e
them ,
Ind ian A f f a i r s by an Ind ian
Ann ie T;Jauneka , who s a id
an " ou t rage . "
co l or fu l ly-dr e s s e d woman a s
t ook c h i l dr en frcm the ir home s
" I c an
the E ur e au o f
Coun c i lwoman , Mr s .
the
they l e n t
a quie t new no t e
c and id a t e from one b o i s t e rou s aud ience
to
a c ampaign
t o ano ther t hroughout
the H e s t .
(From t he Ma ine
3/31/68)
Sund ay Te l egram ,
PRE S IDENT JOHNSON PRE S ENTS
IND IAN ME S SAGE TO CONGRE S S
" The F orgo t t en Ame r i can11
TO THE CONGRE S S OF
Mi s s i s s i p p i
THE UNI TED S TATE S , March
and U t a h -
Shenand oah •
•
s t a t e s and
s tr e ams and
•
The wor d s of
Hi s my ths
and
of
our
t he
dr ama and
be tween t he
the
two
F or
Cha t taho o c he e
- Appa l a c h i a and
- t he name s
of our
l andmark s .
two c e n tur i e s ,
c e n tur i e s ,
the
t he Har D epar tme n t ,
l i t er a ture .
the Ame r i c an
His
lore co l o r s
Ind i an has bean a
1871 ,
t he
Re l a t i o n s
t r ib e s wer e or i g ina l ly � n t h e hand s
fore i gn n a t i on s .
I t ha s b e e n o n ly
c i t i z en s h i p :
crat i c
the
s o c i e ty .
Unt i l
our ar t
symb o l
e ar l i e s t Amer i ca .
he has b e e n an a l i e n in h i s own l and .
Uni te d S t a t e s Governme n t and
as
the
Indian have b e come our word s
exc i t eaen t o f
of
6 , 1968 :
Po t omac and
and h i s hero e s enr i c h our
l anguag e .
B u t for
t he
44
year s
s i nce
t he Un i t ed
the
Uni t ed
S t a te s
22
years
(Con t inue d on
the
S t a t e s a ff irmed
fu l l po l i t i c a l e qua l i ty e s s en t i a l
I t has b e e n o n ly
tre a te d
the
12)
tribe s
Ind ian ' s
for human d ign i ty i n a demo
s i n c e Congre s s ena c t e d
Page
Ind i an
the
Ind i an
�( 12)
C l <t ims A c t ,
la .d .
(Cont inued from Page 1 1 )
t o a cknot·J l edge t h e l\!a t ion 1 s deb t to the f i r s t Amer ican s for t he ir
B u t po l i t i c a l e qua l i ty and compen s a t ion for an ce s t r al land s are no t enough .
The Amer i can Ind i an d e s erve s a chan ce to d eve l o p h i s t a l en t s and shar e fu l ly
in the future of our N a t ion .
The r e are ab o u t 600 , 0 00 Ind i ans in Ame r i c a today .
Some 4UO , OOO l ive
o n or n e ar re s ervat ions in 25 s t a t e s .
The rema i n ing 200 , 000 have mov ed to our
c i t i e s and town s .
The mo s t s tr iking fac t ab ou t the Amer ican Ind i an s today i s
t h e i r t r ag i c p l ig h t :
- F i f ty thou s and Ind i an fami l ie s l ive in un s ani tary , d i lapidated dwe l l
ings : many in hu t s ,
shan t i e s ,
- The unemp l oyment r a t e among
t e n t ime s
even aband oned au tomob i l e s .
Ind ians
the na t ional ave r ag e .
is n e a r l y
40 per ce n t - more than
- F i f ty p e r c e n t of Ind i an s cho o l chi ldren - doub l e t he nat iona l average
drop out be for e comp l e t in g high s c hoo l .
- Ind i an l i t eracy rat e s are among
the
lowe s t in the N a t ion ;
o f s i ckne s s a n d poverty a r e among t he highe s t .
-
the r a t e s
- Tho u s an d s o f Ind i ans who have migr a t e d i n t o t he c i t ie s f ind thems e lves
un trained for j ob s and unpr epared for urb an l i fe .
The aver ag e age
-
of d e a t h o f an Ame r i can Ind i an today is 44 year s ;
for a l l o the r Amer i c an s , i t i s 65 .
The Amer i c an Ind i an , on ce proud and fre e ,
t r ib a l v a l ue s ;
h i s tor i c cu l ture .
n eg l e c t and
is
b e tween the po l i t i c s and l anguage of
Hi s prob l ems ,
t o rn now b e tween wh i t e and
the wh i t e man and h i s own
s harpene d by years of d e feat and exp l o i t a t ion ,
inadequ a t e e f for t , wi l l t ake many y e ar s
to ove rcome .
B u t r e c en t l andmark l aw s - t he E c onomic Opportunity Ac t ,
and S e co nd ary Educ a t io n Ac t ,
g iven us an oppor tun i t y to d e a l w i th the per s i s t e n t pr ob lems of
Ind i an .
The
t ime has
l igh t en e d Na t ion ,
by and permi t
thi s
- have
the Amer i can
to focus our e f for t s on the p l ight of the Ame r i can
.
No en
the o t he r l aw s pas s ed in the l a s t few year s .
come
Ind i an through th e s e and
the E lement:ary
the Manpower D ev e l o pmen t and Training Act
no r e spons ib l e governme n t ,
no progre s s ive p e o p l e can sit
s ho cking s i tua t ion to cont inue .
id ly
I propo s e a new g o a l for our Ind i an programs : A goal t ha t end s the o ld
of Ind ian programs and s tr e s s e s s e l f -d e termina t i on ;
a g o a l t h a t e r a s e s o ld a t t i tud e s of pa t erna l i sm and promo t e s par tnership s e l f
d e b a t e ab out " termin a t ion"
he l p .
OUR GOAL IYlUS T BE :
- A s t and ard of
l iv in g for
the Ind ians e qu a l
to tha t of the coun try
a s a who l e .
- F r e e dom of Cho i c e : An opportunity to r emain in the ir home l and s , i f
they c ho o s e , wi tho u t surre nd er ing the ir d ign i t y ; a n opportun i t y t o
move to t he t own s and c i t i e s o f Ame r i c a , i f t hey choo s e , e qu ipped
1
wi th the sk i l l s t o l ive in e qua l i t y and d ign i ty .
- Fu l l p ar t i c ip a t ion in the l i fe of mo dern Ame r i ca , wi th a fu l l share
o f e co n omi c oppor·t un i ty and s o c i a l j u s t i c e .
in s hor t , a po l i cy o f maximum cho i c e for t he Ame rican Ind i an :
a p o l i cy expr e s s e d in programs of s e l f-he l p , s e l f -d eve l opment , s e l f -d e t e rminatio n •
� today
l aunch � und ivid ed , G ov ernmen t -wide e f fo r t in th i s �'
• • • To
I pro po s e ,
1
�
ing an Exe c u t ive Ord er to e s t ab l i s h a Na t i o n a l Coun c i l on Ind ian Oppor tun i ty .
-ent who wi l l br ing .
The Cha irma�t he Coun c i l wi l be the V i c e Pr e s
-The Coun c i l
t he prob l ems o f t h e Ind ians t o the highe s t l ev e l s of Governmen t .
wi l l inc lud e a cro s s s e c t i�n o f Indian le ader s , and h igh g overnmen t o f f ic ia l s
who have pr ograms in t h i s f i e ld • • • • The Coun c i l wi l l r eview F e d er a l programs for
Ind i an s , make broad po l i cy r e c ommend a t ions , and en sure tha t programs r e f l e c t the
l
id
Mo s t impor t an t , I have a ske d the V i c e
ne ed s and d e s ir e s of t he Ind i an p e op l e .
Pre s id en t • • • to make cer t a in t ha t t h e Ameri can Ind i an shar e s fu l ly in a l l our fed•
: 9 on tinueq on Page 1 3 )
er a l pr o g r ams • • • ,
:.<
�(13)
PP.E S IDENT JOHNSON PRE SEi'JTS •
( Cont i nue d from Pag e
12)
•
•
•
The p r o g r am I propo s e s e e k s t o promo t e Ind ian deve l o pmen t b y impr oving
he a l t h and e du c a t i o n ,
e n courag ing long-t erm e c onomic grow t h ,
and s t reng thening
commun i ty i n s t i t u t io n s .
Und e r l y ing
b e s t be
as
th i s program is
t h e a s sump t ion t ha t
a r e s po n s ib l e p ar t n e r in Ind ian progre s s by
a fu l l c i t i z e n ,
But
r e s pon s ib l e
for
the F e d e r a l governme n t c an
t r e a t ing
the r e c an b e no que s t ion that the governmen t and
Un i t e d S t a t e s
have
the
Ind i an hims e l f
t he pace and d ir e c t i on of h i s d e v e l opmen t .
a r e s pon s ib i l i t y
the p e o p l e o f t he
In our e f f o r t s t o me e t
to t he Ind ians .
t ha t r e s pon s ib i l i ty , w e mu s t p l ed g e t o r e s pe c t fu l ly t he d i gn i ty and t h e un i qu e
ne s s of
t he
Ind i an c i t i z en .
Tha t me an s par t n e r s h ip - no t pa terna l i s m .
W e mu s t a f f irm t h e r i gh t o f t he f ir s t Amer i can s
exer c i s ing the ir r i gh t s
o f cho i c e and
as Ame r i c an s .
s e l f -d e t e rmina t ion .
We mu s t
s e e k n ew ways
t o r ema in Ind i an s whi le
He mu s t a f f irm the ir r i ght
to prov ide F e d er a l a s s i s t an c e
to
to
f r e e dom
Ind i an s - w i t h new
empha s i s on Ind i an s e l f -he l p and wi th r e s pe c t for . In d i an cu l ture .
And
t ha t the
f l our i sh .
we
mu s t a s s ur e
the
F or
the f ir s t amo ng u s mu s t no t be
I ur g e t he Congr e s s
The
Ind i an p e o p l e
tha t i t i s our d e s ir e and
las t .
to a f f irm t h i s p o l i cy and t o en a c t
Jhi t e Hou s e
Page
i n t e n t ion
s p e c i a l r e la t i on sh i p b e twe en the Ind i an and h i s governmen t grow and
(See
'1arch lJews l t t e r ,
th i s program .
Lynd on B .
Pag e s
14- 1 5 :
John s o n
: ' Pre s id e n t Asks P l an for
Ind ians , : i
1 7 : 1 1 Cur t i s A s k s llliH To I n c l ud e Maine Ind ians in Program ,11 and Page 20 :
" S ta te Ind i a n s
- F orgo t t e n Pe o p l e . " - Ed . )
ORTHERN CHEYENNE ' S RECEIVE GRANT FOR CO:MMU NITY BUILDING
The Northe rn Cheyenne Tribe has
received a
$300 , 000
grant under the Neighbor
hood Fa c i li ti e s Pro ram o f t h e Department o f Hous ing and Urban Deve lopment t o
he lp finance a
e i ghbo rhood Center a t Lam e Deer , Hont ana ,
S e c retary Robert C .
ac cording t o Hous ing
.le aver .
The Fede ral grant will cover three �uart ers of the total e s timated pro j e ct
cost of
<P4.00 , 000 .
Vocational
The proposed c e nt e r will contain a Community Bui lding ,
uidance Building ,
rooms and wi ll s e rve
2 , 763
and a
iultipurpo s e Building , with a to tal of
·
reside nts o f the area .
a
37
It will o ffe r a pla c e for r e c reational , educational and so cial a ctivi t i e s
f o r which facili t i e s do not e xi s t or a r e lo cated from 20 to 100 mile s away .
It
wi ll g ive the l o c a l children , young adults , th eir parents and grandparents a
pla c e to e ng age in indoor sport s , wholes ome re creational activit i e s ,
and a s o cial li fe pre s e ntlJr unknown to many resident s .
provide a Day Care Cent e r fo r the
( From
Indian Re c orq,
i s Roland Clay ,
9,
U.S.
children of working mothers .
Dept .
o f Indian Affairs ,
ent e rtainment
Thi s facility will als o
Harch
1968 )
APACHE MOVIE STAR
s on c f �1r .
and H rs .
Felix Clay,
Canyon D am ,
Fort Apache Indian
Re s e rvation ,
Ari z . , who will c o -s tar with Gregory Pe ck and Eva Harie Saint in the
He was s e le c t ed
movie ' ' The Stalldng Moo n , 1 1 a suspens e drama s e t in the le s t .
from four Apa che Young s t ers who we re s creen-t e s t ed in Hollywood la s t D e c embe r ,
and has alre ady b e en " on loc ation" in the Valley of Fi re ne.ar Las Vegas , Nev . ,
as have 3 1 memb e rs o f the Jhite Mountain Apache Tribe who play supp orting role s
in the
film .
�( 11+ )
DIOCESE DIRECTOR O F INDIAN SERVICES APPOINTEM
( 1'he following letter was sent the three Tribal Governors , and others c oncerned ,
by Nei l D . Mi chaud , Adminis t rative Director of the Diocesan Bureau of
Human Re
lations Seri c e s , on April 1st . - Ed . )
As you know , His Excellency , Bi shop Peter L . Gerety, DD , has expre s s ed a
s incere des ire to a s s i s t your tribal people in whatever way possible .
Through
his pers onal interest s everal dioce san-sponsored programs have resulted , such as
last summe r ' s volunteer unit and currently the health programs .
Dental servi ces ,
c amping , educati onal and other programs are now underway .
Since November , 19 6 7 , the dio c e s e has recruited for a profe s s ional person
who c ould s erve as Coordinator for the se dioc e san�spons ored servi ces .
Obviously
the task is now more than can be handled by my o ffi c e .
An Advi s ory Counc il , made up of the Tribal Governors , Pre sidents of Parish
Coun cils , Pre sident and Di re ctor of Community Action Program, Chaplains , Sister
Carita s and the Commi s s i oner o f the State Department o f Indian Affai rs , met ·with
me s everal time s for day long s e s si ons to review the quali fications of the candid
ate s who applied for this post and then personally interviewed five who met the
requirement s .
I am happy to announce that with their c ouns e l , the diocese sele cted Mr .
Louis L . Doyle a s Coordinator o f the Bureau ' s Divi s ion o f Indian Servi c es .
Mr .
Doyle i s a graduate o f Boston Unive rsity where he re ceived his Bachelor ' s Degree .
He then completed his Maste r ' s Degree in Education at Harvard .
He has had several
years of experi ence as an educator and more recently served as "Dire ctor of a
Community Action program in Kentucky .
Both the Bishop and this Bureau believe .Mr . Doyle ' s primary obje ctive at all
times shall be to serve the Indian communities .
This obj e ctive can �e reached.
only if the Indians are continually involved in the planning of s ervi c e s which
are to be dioc e s an sponsored .
We would very much appreciate an opportunity to
formally introduce Mr. Doyle at your next Council me eting .
This would enable
us to review his dutie s with your pe ople .
·
�VIGWAM WEEKLY NEEDS HELP
The \l'ligwam Weekly, whi ch really is a bi-monthly , needs help !
The Wigwam Weekly i s a four-page mimeographed newsletter whi ch is put. out
each month by J ohn Larme , of Wi s cons i n , a VISTA Volunteer who is assigned to the
Indian Township Res ervation at Princeton .
The current i ssue includes teenage
news , CAP and Boy S c out note s , a readers ' forum, and a variety of news and notes
about the a ctivities at Princeton and Peter Dana Point .
Pre sent ly there are 50 subs cribers , many of them not resident s of the reser
vation , at one dollar for six months for 12 i s sue s .
Since it costs $8 to put
put an i s sue , the wigwam weekly ne eds your help .
One dollar s ent to J ohn Larme , VISTA Volunteer , Box 212 , Princ eton , ·Maine
04668 , will bring you the newsy Wigwam Weekly twi ce e a ch month and will give
J ohn a big boost in his e fforts to a s s i s t and inform during his VISTA time in Maine
( From . Maine OEO News , Augusta , Vol . I I , No . 2 )
MICMAC NAMES OF THE MONTHS
J anuary
February
March
April
May
June
-
Boonamooe-goos
Abuguna j i t
Segow-goos
.Punadumo oe-goos
Age s e -goos
Nibune -goos
July
August
September
October
November
December
Upskooe -goos
Kes agawe -goos
Maj owtoogwe -goos
Wegawegoos
Skoois
Ukchegoos
( Can
any of our
readers provide
a translatiion
of these names? )
�(15)
GRANTS TO BANDS PROGRAM
The Canadian Ind ian Affair s Branch has been operat ing a communi ty s ervice s
I t i s des igned to promo te and as s i s t
program for appr ox ima t e ly four year s .
the social deve l opme n t o f Ind ian commun i t ie s acro s s Canada .
Among the service s i t prov ide s is a financial gran t s program to aid Ind ian
Band s in the ir own admin i s trat ion .
To give some idea of the populari ty of
this program , the co s t r o s e from $ 6 6 , 8 9 2 in 1 9 6 5 - 1 9 6 6 to an an t i c ipated co s t
o f $ 54 9 , 000 for the 1 9 6 7 - 1 9 6 8 fi scal year .
Wi th the s e
The ide a i s t o deve lop s e l f -government wi thin the Band .
gran ts i t i s hoped t h e Band s w i l l be ab l e to emp loy and deve lop ind ividua l s
of good cal ibre who can t ake over the admini s trat ion of Band affair s under the
d irec t ion o f the Band Counc i l .
The program i s a l s o geared to enab le B and s t o take over programs such as
we l fare and the admin i s t rat ion o f fund s currently admini s t ered by the Ind ian
Where Band s are wi l l ing and ab le t o. take over
Super in tenden t in the s e ar eas .
thi s re s pon s ib i l i ty , tran s fers of the funds can be made dire c t ly to them, for
depo s i t in the ir ac coun t .
'
Band s hand l ing thi s money are making d e c i s ions that would o therw i se be
made by the Branch .
I f the Coun c i l wishe s , gu idance is avai l ab le in the p lan
However , it is the Band Coun c i l and no t the
n ing and exe cu t ion of de c i s ion s .
Branch that i s re spon s ib l e for the fund s used .
(From The Ind i an New s , Ot tawa , On tario , February 1 9 6 8 )
I ND IAN WOMAN ON WARPATH FOR DOGS
GROTON , Conn . (UPI ) - The s tate may have a figh t on i t s hand s if i t
tr i e s t o prosecute i t s c laim tha t the We s t�rn Pequo t Ind ian Re servat ion i n Led
yard is goin g to the dog s , a coup le of un l icensed canine s named " To o t s ie " and
" S andy . "
Mr s . E l i zab e t h "Grandma" Plouffe , a fu ll -b looded Pequo t Indian , s howed
up in Cir cu i t Cour t here Fr i d ay to answer charge s of own ing un l icensed dog s .
lhe case was con tinued un t i l Apr i l 5 to give her at torney t ime to r e s ear ch the
prob lem .
" The s t ate wan ts me t o pay taxe s , g e t a l i cen s e ,
B u t Gr andma was ad aman t .
We ' re no t supposed to pay any tax e s or l i cen s e
I gue s s , for Too t s ie and Sandy .
Thi s u p s e t s m e terr ib ly . "
money .
Mr s . Plouffe wa s arre s te d earlier this mon th at the reserva t ion by S ta te
D og Warden S teven Brown .
She s aid Friday she thought he should be arre s ted
for trespa s s ing on Pequo t land .
(From the Port land Evening Expre s s , 3/ 2 3 / 6 8 )
IND IAN CORN
"We have j u s t re
le t ter to the Utah F i s h and Game Commi s s ion began :
Your
ceived your 1 9 6 7 d eer hun t ing pro c lma t ion and are very exc i ted about i t
deer hun t ing pro c l amat ion shows that you have d ivided the area into s everal
hun ting are a s ; mo s t o f t hem are apparen t ly devo t e d to deer of e i ther sex and
some have buck-on ly d iv i s ions
We no t i ce bower that you have opened s e c t ion s 23C , 2 7C , 230 , 2 2A , 28C
N� i ther does i t advi s e
I t does no t say whi ch sex .
and 28D for Ind ian hun t ing .
general l i cense permi t s
u s whe ther i t ' s i n con tro l permi t s or
Plea s e
P. S .
D o you have any re s tr i c t ions on the Ind i ans hunt ing u s ?
send u s a copy o f t h e hun t ing order s you s e n t them . "
(From Spor t s I l lu s t�ated , 2/4/ 6 7 )
A
•
•
•
•
• • • •
•
•
�ir 1;r E �\%;� 1r � ' � ,;.::1
�
1/,
lll
INDIAN RESERVAT IONS BOND ISSUE
At the June 17th Pr imary El ect ion , vot ers in Maine will be asked to express
their opinion on three referendum qu estions . The first of these is :
nSHALL THE STATE PROVIDE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MODERN IZATION OF SCHOOL
FAC IL IT IES AT THE THREE IND IAl RESERVAT IONS AND CONSTRUCT WATER AND
\I
SEWAGE FAC IL IT IES AT INDIAN TOWNSH IP RESERVAT ION IN PR INCETON BY
ISSU ING BONDS IN THE AMOUNT OF $384 , 000 , PASSED AT THE SECOND SPEC IAL
SESS ION OF THE 103RD LEGISLATURE? "
This is the f irst t ime in the history of Maine that there has ever been a separate
bond is sue quest ion pertain ing to the stat e ' s " f irst c it izens " - the Penobscot and
Passamaquoddy Indians - and we hope that you and your friends will give t his their
most serious cons iderat ion .
If approved , this bond issue would provide $249 , 000 to the Stat e Dept . of
Educat ion for the construct ion o f clas srooms and mult i-purpo se ( l ibrary , cafet eria ,
et c . ) rooms f o r the 3 Reservat ions' s chool s , a t t h e Pleasant Po int , Indian Township
and Penobscot Res ervat ions . A c cording to Educat ion Commiss ioner William T . Logan ,
Jr . ' :
"Th e s e fac il it ies are c r it ically needed , s in c e the buildings pres
ently in use are overcrowded , unsafe , unsanitary , and generally not
suitable for hous ing s chool children . They are actually some of the
poorest school fac il it ie s in the ent ire Stat e . "
,
This s chool c onstruct ion would make po ss ible new kindergarten programs , provide
space for adult educat ion cla s s e s and night study-hall s , eliminate pres ent over
'
crowding and redu c e the currently h igh t eacher/pupil rat io .
The r emaining $13 5 , 000 in the bond issue would provide the Dept . of Indian
Affairs with 30% of the cost of construct ing adequate wat er and . s ewage fac il it ies
for tho s e resident s of the Indian Township Reservation l iving near Princeton . The
remaining 70% of such cost is available from the Federal government , if the Stat e
share is approved .
Indian Commiss ioner Edward C � Hinckl ey has stat ed :
110f the approximately 25 buildings in this area of · the Res ervat ion ,
hous ing some 100 Tribal membe�s , only 2 homes have indoor bathroom
fac il it ies . Provis ion of an adequat e , suitable potable wat er supply
and waste dispo sal system is a c r it ical prerequis ite for hous ing pro
grams currently be ing init iat ed by the Tribe and badly needed . in this
area . "
( Cont inued)
�ture :
Following are some pert inent quotations from test imony to t he 103rd Legisla
11This is t he mo st v ital t hing , I think , that we can do if we are
going t o claim we are doing something for the Indians . :
I t h ink
the e ducat ion of the Indian is what we all feel will improve their
lot . 11 ( S en . Herald J . Beckett , R -Washington County )
•
• •
"You and I , I bel iev e , have both a moral and legal respon s ibil ity to
provide the min imum amount s reque sted in this bond issue . We must
not , now or ever , in our act ions as c it iz ens or legislators , neglect
to provide a bare min imum of l iving and educat ional fac il it ies for
underprivileged c it iz en s in our stat e . This is sue , to me , is an im
portant is sue and not to be t aken l ightly . "
( S enator J . Hollis Wyman , R-Washington County)
" I think we should real ize that this is about the only chance t hat
the Indian Reservat ions in ashington C ounty ( and Penobs cot County )
Let ' s let t he Indian have
will be able to get really what they need
an opportunity to have a bond is sue out t here with t he rest of them. "
( S enator Peter J . Farley , D-York County)
• • •
Other legislators spoke as well ; the bond issue pas s ed the Senat e 29-0 and the
House 122-7 .
Governor Kenneth
M.
C rt is , speaking of the bond issue , said :
" If state government - and I mean the legislat ive as well as execut ive
branches - is go ing to represent it s elf as conc erned about the educa
t ion of our young , I don ' t see how we can ignore the dismal plight of
our Ind ians , not only because t hey have to attend the poorest s chool s
in our stat e , but because they al so liV.e under the most trying c ircum
stance s pos s ible . The State o f Maine has the pr ime re spons ib il ity for
improv ing the l iving condit io�s of our fellow c itizens res iding on res
ervat ions . I hope that all Ha ine legislators and c it i zens will use their
vo ice s and t he ir vot e s to meet our respons ib ility to our Indian children . "
Because of your previou sly-expressed int erest in Indian affairs , this mat er
ial is being s ent to you in hopes that you will bring it to the att ent ion of your
assoc iate s , on behal f of the Pas samaquoddy and Penobscot Indians of Maine . Thank
you for your att ent ion .
'/
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Indian Towns hip
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Governor John Mit chel l
Penobs cot Res ervat ion
�( 18 )
FUTURE MAINE IND IAN LAWYERS?
Last month 1 s N ewslett e r , o n Page 6, de s c ribed the s e co nd year o f a spec ial
pro gram offered by the Univers ity o f New Mexi co .
The pro gram, supported by
s c ho l ar sh ip s , is int ended fo r Indian student s who have completed at le ast two
ye ars of co llege and will consi st o f an eight-week "pre-law" program , b eginning
June 17t h .
Suc c e s s ful student s who have complete d their under-graduate college
e du c atio n can b e c o n s idered fo r entrance to law s cho o l as regular student s in
the fall, with cont inuing s cholar ship as si stance .
Applic ations for the summe r
progr am will also be a c c epted from Ind i an stud ent s who have graduated from college
dur ing the past five ye�r s .
The purpo se of th e progr am i s to en courage Indi an s t o enter law s chools and
to h e lp them
bt ain this obj ective .
.
In early Apri l , Maine 1 s Ind i an Commi s sione r Edward Hinckley r e c e ived letters
from Unive r s i ty of New Mexico Law Pro f e s so r Fred eri ck M . Hart and from Dean Edward
S . Godfrey o f the University of Maine Law School in Portland .
Prof e s sor Hart wrot e : 11We are mo st intere sted in · attracting student s from
all are as o f the c ountry and I would greatly appre ci at e any h elp that you could
give us in publi c i zing . thi s pro gram in your state . "
Dean Godfrey wro te : "We are willing to part i cipate in the program to the
extent o f re commendi ng a full tuitio n s c ho larship for a qu al i fi ed Indian who has
gone through th e New Mexi co summer program and who i s accept ed for admi s sion at
th e Uni ver si ty of Maine Schoo l of Law. "
Although complet io n of the N ew Mexi c o program by an appli cant do e s not , in
itnelf,
(
guarante e admi s s ion to th e University 1 s Law Schoo l .. or to any Law School,
)
fo r t h at matter ,
th e t�n
lett e r s take n t o gether indic ate that a Maine Indian
college s tudent , wh o is othe rwi se quali fied ,
should be abl e to b e come a lawyer
If there
with the e xp e nditure of co n sid erable ·hard work but very little cash.
are n• M ai ne Indian colle ge stud e nt s pr e s en t ly eligible fo r the se opportuni tie s ,
perhap s the y may b e fo und in futu re years - the
o
ortunit
i s availabl e .
Las t summe r 1 s pro gram i n New Mexico accepted 1 8 Indi an student s
i ng 13 Tri b e s
).
repre sent
Nine o f the se 18 were e li gible for Law S chool achni ssi o n last
September and 7 were a c c epted and are now regular law student s .
YOUNG PASSAMA�UODDY SAYS
LACK OF COMMUN ICATION IS IND IAN STUMBLING BLOCK
by Kent Ward
PLEASAN T POINT - Wayne · Newell i s 26, arti culate and Indian .
Early in his
li f e whi c h began i n a mo de st home o n the Pas samaquoddy Ind i an Re servation here
in
he de cided he wanted t o some day make a living in t elevi sion and radio .
1942
To p repar e him s el f he spent long hour s in fro nt of an old phonograph - his mvst
pri zed po s s e s si o n .... practi cing " di sk jo ckey. "
The pers erver an ce pai d off .
Aft er graduating from Shead Memorial High
School at Eas tport he b e c ame one of the f ew members of his tribe to go on to_ col
lege .
A year at Ri cker Colle g e ,
Houlton, was fo llowed by a p eriod at Emerson
Colle ge , Bo ston, a training ground for t ho s e interested in entering the communic
ations fie ld .
Be c au s e of his poor eye s i ght , the young ?ass amaquoddy knew he
never c ould b e come an c;umounc e r .
So h e t rained as a te levi sio n cameraman and
hired on l't-th a Bango r t el evi sio n statio n .
Th e work h a s b e e n rewarding and i t h a s helped rekindle in Newell a conviction
effective �orking rel ationships b etween Indians and ·
that th e chief barri er to
non-Indians
is a la ck of communi c ati o n .
So Wayne Newell is about to go back
home t o wo rk wi t h hi s people as a repre s ent ative o f th e Ameri c an Fri ends Servi c e
Commit t e e , 1 a non-profit Quaker organi z at i o n active i n pe a ce and race relations , .
as well as pro g r am s o f so ci a l and t e chni cal a s si stanc e .
( Continued
o n Page
19 )
�(19 )
(
1$)
Continued from Page
H e will wo rk mainly with youth, trying to s e ll them on th e im _ o rt an c e c f
a t le a st a high s choo l educ at ion .
Seventeen young Passamaquoddy youth s att end
She ad Memori al High S cho o l in Eastport ; another seven attend Prin c eto
n Hi gh
Six are e nro lled in elementary s choo l at Eastport
Schoo l .
wh ile anothe r
attend Princ eton element ary s choo l s .
Ind i an parent s have
he option of s e nding
the ir chi ldr en to elem e nt ary s c hool on the reservation s o r to publ i c s choo l s out
side , with the stat e paying the tuitio n .
- Be c au s e o f crowded co ndition s at th e r e s ervation s chools
more parent s are
oking toward Ea stpo rt and Pri nc eton elementary s choo l s to f
fill their young
ste r s ' educ ation need s .
However, th ere are not too many Wayne Newell ' s o r
17
t
ui
1
George Wi seman 1 s , an Indian youth who graduated from Princ eton High S c hoo l last
year and i s now attending St . Francis College , Biddefo rd .
of th e
Mo re than
Pas s am aquod di e s attending high s chool drop out befo re graduat io n , o ne Downea�t
edu c ato r e st
at e s .
Mu ch o� t hi s h as to b e blamed on the pe rmi ssive attitude
on t:1e part of too many parent s , he says .
If Johnny wants to dro p out , he dro p s
o u t , and no t t o o much parental ob j e ction i s vo iced .
Wiseman i s t he f i r s t Pati s a
maquoddy to g raduate f rom Princ eto n High S choo l since the e arly
s.
90%
:ini'
But ther e ' s a r ay o f hope s hining _ through,
1950 1
s ays Princ eton Supe rintendent
" I can se e a d ifferent at titude in the s e c h i ldr en over five ye ars
Philip Ro s s .
ago whe n I f i r st c ame here , 1 1 he says , " and hope fully we c an b reak thi s cycle • • • • 11
He c redi t s the improv ed atti tude to the inauguration o f an adult edu c ation cour s e ,
anti-poverty and self-help progr am s , and th e influence of c hurch group s w:::i rking
on th e re servat ion s .
Al though Irrl ian youngsters may attend school anywhere i n t he st ate ,
too many stray f ar from the r e servation .
John Bap st High S c ho o l , Bango r , last fall .
not
Three Passamaquod di e s enrol le d at
But they soo n g ave in to a combina
tio n o f home si ckne s s and s tiff academic requi rements and are among th e seven
Indians now attending Pr in ceto n Hi gh .
We are all pretty proud
"Our b ig fe ar i s that we will lo s e our identity .
that we are Ind i ans wi th a de finite culture , 11 Wayne Newell, who r e cently took a
" I am
"Fi rst , I am an Indi an, 11 he continued .
non-Indian b ri d e , po int ed out .
not go i ng to lo s e my i d e ntity and b e come a pet of a non-Indi a'.n.
to give
the
I am not .
me . 11
I don ' t want
impre s sio n that I am bitter against non-Indi an communitie s , b e c ause
I
ju st want my identity and don 1t want anyone to take it away f rom
Newell do e s n ' t hold any brief for tho se - like ex- Indi an agent Arnold Davis
o f Jonsebo ro - who f e e l that Mai ne Indi ans were better off und e r the juri sdiction
of the State Department of Health and Welfare than under the fledgling Indi an
The c hief role of Ind ian a gent s under th e fo rm e r setup , h e
Affair s Departm ent .
charg e s , was s imply t o di spense welfare to Ind i ans - handout s th at were admin
Later in an apparent
i stered by men "who di dn t t have a feeling for the Indi ans . "
co ntradi ction he prai sed the late Hiram Hall, a Pa s samaquoddy Indian agent for
many ye ars, by acknowledging ,
come t hi s f ar • • • • "
" If it hadn ' t b een for him I po s sibly w:mldn ' t have
The Dep artment of Indian Affairs is o nly two year s old and it • s hard to
" But for th e first
a s s e s s i t s c o nt r ibut ion at thi s point , Newell beli eve s .
time some co nt ro l is b e ing given to Indi an s so they c an do something fo r them
I think a lot o f
selve s ins t e ad of for ev e r being known as wards of the stat e .
Wh o want s to b e known a s a
do thi ng s fo r themselv e s .
people a t home want to
ward of the s t at e ? "
Continuing , Newell blam e s the s t ate " fo r no t h aving an
Irx:i ian Department e arl ie r , and some Ind i an s for not re alizing that there is a
11
whit e wo rld around us and w e h ave to adj u st .
In 20 ye ars h e pred i c t s "you are go ing to see that Indians will be inde
Ad
ing for them e lv e s and no t depe ndent upon the s tat e • • • • 11
pt.ndent pe opl e c
d any in furthe ring
mitting that divi sive factions in tribal poli tic s h ave not h elpe
Cont inue d o n Page
�
;
(
20 )
�(20 )
YOUNG PASS.AIVl.AQUODDY SAYS •
( Continued from Page
19 )
• • •
the c ause o f the Indian, Newell points to v arious anti-poverty programs now i n
for ce o n t h e reservations a s a po s si ble salvation .
Community Action Program
( CAP ) whi ch h a s sparked a rrumber of pro j e c t s such as s ewing clas s e s and Scouting
pro gr ams
11fo r the fir st time is totally Indi an.
I t hink Indians want it , and
th ere is a no te of optimism i n tne air.
Something is h appening down there (on
the r e servation ) , 1 1 Newell point s oui;. .
In addi tio n, a revival of int erest in Indian lore is t aking pla c e thanks
to Eastport b arber Joe Ni chol as and other o ld er Ind i ans .
Young Pas samaquoddie s
are b e coming more aware of their heri tage . · "A lo t o f people expect miracl e s
150
but t h e y a r e no t going t o get them .
What h a s taken t h e st at e
years . to de s
troy you c an 1 t build up in two or three ye ars .
The state ' has to c arry
per
cent o f the bl ame , " Newell emphasi z ed in a r e cent interview.
,,
75
That vi ew has be come prevalent among the Pas s amaquo ddi e s in the last few
year s sin c e Eas tpo rt attorney Do n Cote sworth Ge llers has been ri ding hard o n
th e civil rj ght s i s su e while preparing a l aw suit f o r
million against the
C:o1 ru11ou wealth of M a s s o.�hu s etts, charging violation of a
treaty - a tr eaty
whi c h Gelle rs c laims the St ate of Maine has continued to violate since it broke
away from the Bay State in
$150
1794
1820.
Acco rding to Newell, Ind i ans are "very optimi stic " about the outcome of the
law suit .
1 1 Let it be b rought to tlie court s , and hopefully, true justi ce will be
served, " he comment ed, adding, of Geller s , " I think he ' s barking up the right
tree • • • • "
Th e resolvi ng o f the suit in favo r of the Indian s would go a long way
toward eliminating the d i s crimination which Newell charge s exi st s in r e spect t o
Indians i n Washington Count y .
"People h er e i n Mai n e t alk ab out discrimination
against th e Negroes in Mi s si ss ippi but we have it in Washingto n County with the
Indi ans in j ob opportuniti e s and other are a s .
That turns me o ff .
If we are
go iri
.g to be Ameri cans we should all h ave th e s ame right s and privilege s, 1 1 he de
c lared .
Let non-Indi ans und e r st and one thi ng , however - the Indian doe sn ' t intehd
to be a s s imil ated i nto a white so ci ety, as an answer to the so-c alled Indian
"p roblem . "
" The majori ty of Indians don ' t want to live in a white community .
What Ind i an s want mo s t is to g et rid o f d eplo rable living condition s , " the young
thinker po int e d out .
It mak e s him angry wh en non-Indi ans ch arge Indians with
exce s si v e drinking and " judge us by a few alcoholi c s . "
Drinking on the re serva
t io n s i s a pro b lem, he a dmit s , while pointing out that the pro b lem is no t unknown
in white communit ie s .
" Th e drinker s , by and l arge , d on 1 t wo rk and they give the
r e s t a bad name �
• • • "
Wayne Newell is an angry - b ut c ert ainly not unreasonable - young Ind ian
abo ut t o go on the warpath agai ns t t h e ills whi ch he re ali z es permeate hi s society.
Hi s war clubs in h i s new job do wn o n the r e s ervation will be education and an in
bo rn desi re to do s omething to b etter the lot of his people .
To p araphrase the hai r toni c commercial - Wayne Newell came back .
in t ruth, h e r e ally neve r left .
(From the Bangor Daily N ews,
But,
4/10/68.
This was the fi nal article i n a
The fir st article fo cus e d on the views o f a
three-p art s e rie s by Kent Ward .
the s e cond on the
fo rmer Indi an agent , M r . Arnold Davis of Jo ne sboro
ide as of Maine ' s Commi s si o ne r of Indian Affai r s , Edward C � Hinckley
Next month t h e N ewsletter will r eprint a fourth article by Kent Ward , whi ch fo cus
es on the opinions of two more Pass amaquoddy Indi an s from Pleasant Point , now
(4/8/68) ;
(4/9/68) .
working in Bangor - Mr . Raymond J. Moo re and Mr . Peter Mit ch ell . - Ed . )
OFFICE OF E CONOMI C OPPORTUN ITY
Indi ans o n Federal r e s erva
p e r c ent o f th e
programs are n�w r eaching
Mere than
tio n s , a c c ording to outgo ing · . . · OEO di rector Sargent Shriver .
trib e s are carrying -out planning programs with OEO ai d .
80
400, 000
100
�MAINE I ND IAN
NEWSLE TTER
Freepor · , �1; i n e
Pine S tree t
Ob · "3 '2
NEW SUBSCRI PTION POLICY
EFFECTIV E JANUARY 1 , 1 9 68
[i
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Beg inning in January , the f o l lowing
sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s wi l l be charged
/
for a 1 2·month sub s cr ip t ion to the /
.
MAINE IND IAN NEW SLETTER
.
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- FREE
Non- Ind ian (Regular )
$ 2 . 00/year
"
(Contr ibu -:ing )
$ 5 . 00/year
"
( Suppor t ing)
-$ 1 0 . 00/ye ar
(Life't ime )
- $ 5 0 . 00
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•
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I f you are a NON-I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , fi l l o u t and s end i n the sub s cr ip t ion s l ip (be low ) W I TH the appropr iate amoun t .
Your sub s cr ip t ion
wi l l beg in with the next ava i l ab le
is sue af ter your sub s cr ipt ion is
r e c e ived .
The addr e s s labe l s ind icate the s ta tu s
of your sub s cr ipt ion . . " I-F" me.an s
" Indian-Fre e . "
The abbreviat ion of a
mon th (JAN) i s the t ime - next year your sub s cr i p t ion fee wi l l again be
� � !ill,! � !!!, ind ividual
due .
expira�ion not ice , !2 � �!
-:- ---- -- ----�-- .. - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - ... .. .. . .. _ .. _ __ .. _ _ _. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .. _ _ ., _ _ _ _ .. _ __.. .. . .. .. _ _ .,. _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ .
I wou ld l ike to rece ive regu l ar month ly i s sues of the Maine Indian News let ter :
NON-I ND IAN·_
DATE
_
ADDR ESS
S ta t e
Z I P Code )
INDIAN__
TRIBE-------
( S tre e t , or Po s t Office Box )
(Ci ty
�----�----
AMOUNT ENCLOSED : $
_
__._
_
_
_
Sub s cr ip t ion rate s : Ind ian -0- ; Non-Indian - $ 2 (Regu lar ) , $ 5 {Con tr ibut ing ) ,
$ 10 ( Support ing ) , $ 50 (Li fe time )
·
Send t h i s s l i p , with your sub s cr ip t ion charge , if app l icab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSL E TTER
Pine S tr e e t , Freepor t , Maine
04032
- - - - - - - - - - - ...- - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Don ' t forge t your ZIP Code !
-.. �------ - - � --� ... .... -
..
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Pine
BULK RATE
U .S.
Str eet
F r eep• r t ,
Maine
14
POSTAGE
3 . 6¢ PAID
32
Freepert ,
Maine
Permit N• . 33
ADDRE SS CORRECT ION
REQUESTED
L ibr ar y
Co lby Co l l e ge
ge
C o lby C ol le
04 90 1
in•
Wa ter v i l le , Ma
JAN
�
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (April 1968)
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
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1968-04
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-461
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https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/b1d065f22a50f304c653ef2c7dae2782.pdf
f39794814aa5a678613077b95bfc93ad
PDF Text
Text
MAINE
NEWS
V lume 2, Numb .r
ETTER
?
May
1968
INDIAN RESERVATIONS DEVELOPMENT 1-IEETING
WHAT DOES IT MEAN?
On Nay 4th , a uniqu e meeting was helt in the Pleasant reint Tribal Hall.
It had gc rl p�int
ann ha� p0ints, strengths and we
ess e s .
Te s me pecp l e
it
have 9een the heginning f a ne w way of life
n the
Re.servati0ns in
}fa.ine .
To
ther peeple it may have seemed
·
ef the same 0lrl. talk.
Let 1 s
ln�k at this meeting anrl see what-s0me 0f its features were.
akn
may
mt:1re
3
Curtis)
participatien
(
It was llI'..iqu� in that it was callei 9y a State G0vern�r
Kenneth M.
and h ld en the R � se rvati en l"'TI a Saturday "t'"' assure the maximum
by the repr�sentativ s ef th
Indian trih e s , 11
a· quetati('n f!V1m the first "'f
t
l�tters
f invitatirn s nt ti"' key individuals hy Ckv. Curtis.
The Geve rn r
al o ind icatet in these letters that he wanted this meeting t be c0nsidered
(
)
a wnrk s sst.r-n te gain a hetter idea of wh e e we n0w stand in the
v ern ent
phys i c
nee d
fa ilities �f the three Reserv ati ns and what specific step
tn h� taken hy whi h
enci s t
'1ntinue devel pment as fast as the Tribes
themselv es think sui ta le. 11
Surely this is the first time in the history
s trihe:1 that the Executive leadership
f the State has taken such an inter
nf
"a
impr
s
r
al
ag
ef
l'.taine'
e3t in R servatien anrl. Trihal
ve lr pment .
Whether this interest is viewed as
use�.ll 0r rlange reu s must he �ecided �y every individual independently - certainly
th
interest i
in line with efficial expressi""'ns frrm Triltal lead�rs regarding
as3istanc
in hnusing, sanitati0n and ecenrmic development pr grams fer the Res·
�rvati�ns.
A gr ti
ign at the meeting was that the 11hearl. table" ·c nsisted of enly ene
n-Ind.ian
and ? · Indi ans
the Gevern0 r' s Administrativ� Assistant, Allen Pease
Pl easant P0int O.v. J�seph Mitchell, Indian Tewnship C-<'v. J�hn Stevens, Penob
sc�t Lt� Gev. Fred N i cc la , Pleasant Pcint H�using Authority Ch
rman Eugene
Francia> Indian Tewnahip H0using Auth•rity·Chairman Ge�rge Stevens, Jr., Penemsc0t
n
)
(
(
ai
fhusing Auth�rity Chainnan Matthew Sappier,
ete .
La
)
and Passamaqu0ddy CAI' Direct, r Archie
A peer sign at the me ting was that there were very few ether Indians prePassamaquodddy
sent - perhaps 0nly 15 fr�m
Why waR this?
3 Reservations .
L.gislative ReprP. f'litativ
Geerge Francis felt it was hecause peo pl e were "scared"
Pene�
t� cnmc, having ha d tc0 many poor episodes with the State in t he past.
aJd
Phyllis McGrane felt it was
sc:>t �unty CAP Aid�
Pen b�c•t 1'rj b<tl member
because the Indiana have heard teo many pr0m i ses before and no lenger see any
value in talking abJut pr grams - they want tn see the pr0grams thems elves.
nvitati ns
others suggestet that the peepl e whe received Gcv. Curtis' pers�nal
hadn1t teld nther Tribal members about the meeting, �r that peeple hadn1t under
)
(and
�
st
d that arzy-one c uld attend eve• if they hadn1t re c eived an individual invit2ti en .
Whatever the re asc n , the Indians ��re considerably �ut-numbered!
It was ge e d te hear the Tribal �3aders and the Tri9al Heu si ng Autherity
Chairmen rep.-rting on the status of new, complex Tri9al progr ams .
As cne ef
the Hc..using Chairmen
put it, this was the
( . ver )
first
time he had ever had to address
�(2)
a group •f that �crt.
An ther Housing Phairman expressed his eoncern about
'b e si.ze an� speed flf S("lme"ef the new programs by, �aying·-.hat llp:rngresS"�ha.s·.
bee n gobd - alm0st mr>re than we can handle11 and by saying that he 'aidn 't know
i
t�e !ndians could absorb all this interest �n the part ef the government.
This·is an imp\rtant point, as sad experience ha� �h0wn 'hat where tribes ao�ept
government prngrams they d• not fully understan d
eontrol
they often-ti.mes
l:
f
(anrl
)
end up with something they don't., really want!
.
A benefit ef the meeting W:is that th e represent atives 0f the many federal
and state agencies present learned mnre about e ach �ther' s pregrams..
We w0uld
think that the various branches
f government could keep track of one another,
but are glad if they learned better h0w varieus programs might he fitted tegeth'er.
It d•es seem kind of silly, however, for this mutual g9Vernment understanding
l
to t ake place at a Reservati•n meeting.
It remains to be s een whether the Indian •
people of the 3 Reservations will know m0re about gnvernment pr05rams as a result
cf the meeting.
Much will depend on h•w much inf rmation the Tribal leaders
gatned, and how well they can pass this
We understand that
n t0 their penple.
the Dept. nf Ind ian Affairs plans t0 mimecgraph a summary rep rt of what was dis
cussed.
Perhaps enough c pies •f this will be made so that every family can
have one,
t0 s tudy if they are interested.
Fr�m the rep0rts submitterl t0 the meeting by v arious individuals, it seems
that sanitation programs for Pleasant P0int and Peter Dana Point are moving along
quite well, with federal m ney promised just within the past week •r so befere
the meeting.
ThA PennbsC'Ot Housing Authority has sent in its first applicati�n
f�r 41 ho u sing urits for that Reservatien.
Apparently the Passamaquoddy Housing
Authorities will new begin VK"'rking on their h0using applicati0ns; the Penobscot
Autherity will begin working en its s anitati•n program applications.
JvillCH PASS.AfiAQUODDY OONCERN WAS EXPRESED FOR TH E 1-'RINCETON 11STRIP11 ON THE
INDIAN TCNVNSHIP RESERVATION.
HOlTSING FOR THIS ca-UillNITY DEPENDS ON SANITATION
iUNEY FOR THE AREA.
THIS MONEY Ib TI'JCLUDED IN THE JUNE 17TH PRIMARY ELECTION
BOND ISSUE �UES TION.
If the b0nd issue passes the veters C'f Maine, the "Strip"
should be able to participate in the pr grams the other cnrmnunities or reserva
tions are in the pr0cess �f getting.
THE BOND ISSUE 1UESTION ALSO INCLUDF.S
n.iPORTAN T SCHOOL COPSTRUCTION HONEY FOR ALL THREE RESERVATIONS.
EVERYONE SHOULD
V OTE YES ON BOND ISSUE QUESTION NUMBER l ON JUNE 17T�.
The p�ssibility nf a demonstration self-help h using prnject for the Passa
maquodd y Tribe was discussed, �ut nothing definite decided .
This discussi n
was somewhat 0ver-shadewed by a calm s tatement frem a representative of the
federal Housing Assistance Administratien that it might be p0ssible t0 construct
half the homes
needed on the Reservatiens befnre the c�ming of next winter.
This
seems incredihly fast t0 us, but we are sure the H using Authorities will 1 ok
int• this matter and will mnve as rapidly as seems desireable.
Many peopl e commented en the importance of plan.ring Reservatien programs
so that the final result is satisfact�ry to every•ne.
With Passamaq uoddy CAP
and the
Housing Authorities all undertaking various plan ning programs, we are
sur e this need will n•t he C'VerJeoked.
Economic develepment ')f the Reservatiens
3
was mentioned only occasien;:i__lly,
but part cf the planning will surely focus en
economic and empl.nyme nt programs the Tribes need.
The need f r recreatien facil
ities and tribal buj }dings was also emphasized and discussed.
Many specific
questions about t he proposed housing programs were brought up,
out between the Housing Authorities,
agencies involved.
Interest,
3
their people,
however,
lcoking at present housing on the
seems high on the part
Reservations,
and must be worked
and the federal and state
f the pecple -
it is easy to understand both
the interest in housing and the suspicion of gcvernm.ent housing programs.
In conclusien, it appears that progress is being made - certainly more
The future?
interest is being shown in Maine Ind ians than was true in the past.
Most Indians will want to work an d wait and see what happens, before they commit
themselves too deeply.
meeting,
The Pleasant Point Little League Team benefited from the
and contributions seemed to
however - the ladies had prepared a lunch,
be quite generous!
( See
next page for list
f agencies present at the meet·
�(3)
WHO WAS THERE?
4th
The following is a fairly complete list of the agencies r epresented at
the May
Indian Reservations Development meeting, by 1 or more persons:
Pleasan·:. Point Tribal Cc.,uncil and Housing Authority,
and VISTA program
Indian To�mship Tribal Council and Housing Authority
Penobscot Tribal Council and Housing Authority
Passamaquoddy Tribal Counc ils' Connnu nity Action P�gram
U . S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Developnent
U • S. E conomic Development Administration
U
•
S. Farmers Home Administration
State Dept.
of
S·:...ate Dept.
of Economic Development
Indian Affairs
State Division of the Offi ce of Economic Opportunity
State Planning Office
Stat� Water and Air Envirorment�l Improvement Commissior
State Dept. of Finance and Administration
State Executive Department
State Dept.
cf Education
Legislative Committee on Indian Affairs
Diocesan Division of Indian Services
American Friends Service Committee
Wright:- Pierce, Barnes & Wyman
Office of U. s. Representative William Hathaway
Educational Design, Inc.
CURTIS URGES BOND ISSUE TO AID MArnE INDIANS
AUGUSTA (AP} - Gov. Curtis yesterday reported unprecedented progress
toward improving Indian reservation housiug and urged voters to approve a bond
issue for related purposes in a June 17 referendum.
In a statement distributed at a news conference, Curtis said leading repres
entatives of the three reservations met with officials of several state and federal
agencies at Pleasant Point Saturday.
The meeting, which Curtis arranged, had
the broadest representation of any meeting ever held involving Indians.
An official of the U. S. Department of Housing & Urban Development reported
to that meeting that some home construction might begin this year.
Under thi�
plan, the federal government would pay all costs of building the houses and then
rent them to Indian families at nominal rates with en option to buy.
"I am committing the attention and services of all appropriate state agen
cies to work closely with the DHUD and the tribes in order to assure continued
progress in this area at the fastest rate acceptable to the Indian people them
selves>" Curtis said.
Leaders of the Passemaquoddy and Penobscot Tribes made it clear they are
willing to cooperate with the state in this development, he said, "to transform
the reservations into healtly communities where members of the tribes may live
and work in safety and pride if they so desire."
The Penobscot Tribal Housing Authority has completed application for 40
n�� housing units.
The Pleasant Point and Indian Township authorities are in
that process Lnd the federal government recently approved sanitation grants total
inb nearly $500,000.
The bond iss·e coming up for referendum voting June 17 would provide for a
sewerage project on the Princeton Strip settlement in Indian Township, and for
schools at Indian Township, Pleasant Point, and Indian Island.
(From the Portsmouth, N.H., Herald, 5/8/68)
VOTE YES - REFERENDUM QUESTION 11 1 - STATE-WIDE ELECTION
-
JUNE 17Tl: - VOTE YES
�(4)
E D I T 0 R I A L S
THE MAINE IND IAN NEWSLETTER
EDIT OR:
E u g;nia (Thomas ) Thomps on
(Penob scot)
�ews and s tories may b e s ubmit ted to t he Newslette r for publi c a tion
at t he followin g ad dres ses:
Onglus amwes sit
HAINE INDIAN NE/SLETTER
Taquask'nikizoos
Pine S treet,
Freepor t, Maine
04032
Pnh6d amwikizo o s
Amuss wikizoos
or
Kikka:._kizoos
Mary Yarmal
Muskoskikizoos
Pleas a n t Poin t Reservation
At c hit t ai.kizoos
04667
Perry, Maine
Wikkaiki7. oos
or
Mon t c hewadok.kikizcos
Morris Brooks
As seb askw<.. t s
Indian Township
Ab onomhs swikjz oos
Prin ceton, Maine
04668
'>r
Ket c hikizoos *
On or b efore t he
C arol D ana
fif tee n t h.
In dian Island
* See page 9
04468
Old Town, Maine
C OMMENTS
" .Je have t he grea tes t need, therefore >Ne need t he greates t help."
''We operate t o t he hear t, we dun' t need to march •11
" We don' t make as
muc h� we h ave di f fic ul t y get ting j ob s, b asket making doesn't pay mu c h,
we we s till hun t as our an c es tors did, we live close to nature. "
Gov
ernor Joseph Mi t c hell q uietly sta ted .
He ex c u sed his E n glish, when he
spoke b efore an a udien c e on Indians, bec ause he was more at home in t he
Pas samaqu o d d y ton gue. E ven s till he spoke t o the heart s of peo�le, be
c ause he represented a s t ill proud n a tion, whose spirit c anno t an d will
not be b roken. Ev.en in t he mid s t of povert y, whoEe men e�rn only $430
per year, it is di f fi c ult to be poor, b u t is is not dif fi cult to be an
Indian, b e c ause we have a lega c y .
It is di f fi c ult to live the white
man's way, b ecause it sets limi t s .
These limit s are neces s ary for our
young people, to be abl:. to s urvive . We c anno t se� time b ac k, b u t we
c an set it ahead.
We w�ll need the greates t help bec ause we have t he
grea tes t need. We need your vo te a t t he June 17t h referend um.
*
You are c ordially invi ted to a t ten d The Second Annu?l New E ngland
Powpow, on Frid a y, S at�rday and S unday , July 12,13 , & 1 4 , at Circle.9
Ranc h , Rte. 28, Epsom, New Hamps hire .
Bring your tipis and ten t s � pap*
ooses.
•
The Republic ans h ave done it again
In i t s has te to solve t he
In dian problem, t he Republi c an par ty a t the S tate Conven tion, held in
Bangot on Sat urday , �ay 1 1, 1968 adopted a pla t form in w hi c h t hey pro
rosad t he adopt ion of a long range program designed t o assimilate fin
ally t he India� populat ion of our s t ate,
T his is one met hod of solving
t he problem, ano t her would be genocide.
OLviously t he Republi c ans
'w ant to solve �he prob lem, but a t t he expense of dealing-equally wi th
the people involved.
They are not: c on c erned wi t h t h� fac t t ha t �er
h aps t he Indians as a whole may not want to as similate.
They look a t
t he Indians as u s e d cars, s ome. t hin g to - be moved from one lot to anothe�,
(('.ryrd-;..,,,a,4
nri
.....,,,,..,.<'
n)
�(5)
11
LO ,
POOR IND IAN 11
THE
by
RALPH NADER
(Editor's note:
This article is being reprinted from �he Neu Republic.
The first part is included in the April
issue of the Newsletter, and is
concluded bere.)
The Task Force, were it not divided into a majority �nd sm&ll
minority position over shifting the BIA's functions to HEW,
might have
made a far stronger case against the
BIA.
Illustratively, Senator
Robert Kennedy's subcommittee has pointed attention
to the failure in
quantity and quality of BIA reservation schools.
Since these schools
breed despondency,
cultural inferiority and alienation, it is not sur
that the dropout rate exceeds 50 perc nt.
Mismanagement of
BIA's supervisory responsibilities over land, timber and water resources
prising
is legion.
Last year BIA negligence led to major forest fires including.
one on the Mescalero Apache Reservation in New Mexico and another on
the Quinault Reservation in .. ashington.
BIA has managed to oversee the
leasing
and franchising �f valuable reservation prope�ty ri�lLts anl
income orportunities into p=edominantly non-Incian hands.
Even busboys
in the reLtaurants on the Cherokee reservation -re non-In�ian; �hile
Indian boys stand or sit idly by tre roadsiJe.
Still, BIA will not
supply inquirers with a list of all the franchis�s given non-Indians on
the reservations.
Secrecy in the BIA lias boarded an the Byzantine.
The complexities
of the government-Indian trust relationships, the undisclosed details
of trust funds held in the Treasury Department, and the frac�ionated
land heirship problew on reservations are all wr�pped up in the BIA's
endemic secrecy.
It is not even possible to receive from the Bureau a
reliable estimate as to the number of Indians on the reservations who
are not S8rviced.
ftoreover,
services are uneven in any given prograw
and a few reservations become BIA "favorites"
depending on the needs of Indian politics.
for one program or another,
By not dealing with the fundamental malaiue of the
B IA ,
the �hit�
House will see its slightly refurbished proposals consigned to
a
liwbo
of
resonant :-hetoric.
to
upset the intricate relationship which BIA has built up with grazing,
timber,
_uite possibly,
ruining interests in the 1·/e st,
the Adruj_nistration did not want
on the one hand,
and its Indian
associates on the reservations whom young Indian reformers call derisively
"Uncle Tomahawks."
l"ioreover,
many Indian chiefs,
fearing that change:
could place them at a great disadvantage and per:1aps activate the semi
dormant federal terr.1in i. tion of the reservation policy ap11roved by
congressi0nal resolution in
wark against change.
They
1953 ,
cling to the Bureau as the best bul
could not be �ore accurate in this estiwate
of the Bureau's molecular inertia as weli as the omn�present pressure
fron several congressmen for renewing the termination policy whereby
r eservations would be dissolved.
Completed terminations on the Klau1ath
.
reservation in Orc�on and Menominee in Wisconsin have had terribly adverse
Without a land base,
effects on Indians and their locql economies.
Indians will s�on cease as distinct cultures.
Until the recent
subcommittee
on Indian
on Indian poverty.
hearings by Sen.
affairs,
George McGovern of the Senate
there have
There is no indication,
been no meaningful hearin6s
however,
that the Eureau will
be subjected to a probing congressional oversight hearing.
directed at the Bureau has been
enough.
James
Gamble
of the Senate subcommittee staff,
knowledge of Se�ators Henry
N.1�.)
Criticism
for n0t terminating reservations fast
Jackson
(D,
Wash.)
has long been the chief congressional worker for
on
with the apparent
and Glinton Anderson
(D,
termination of
Indian reservations and assimilation of the Indian into the mainstream
(Cnntjnued
na�e
6)
�(6)
"LO, THE POOR IND IAN 11
( Con t in u e d from page 5)
of Ame r i c an life.
The i n t e nsity of h is an imosity toward what he considers
t h e pri v i l e ge d posit ion of Ind ians and t he BIA, whi c h he says has a vested
in t e res t in t h is pos i t ion, is almost star t ling .
Not un t i l 1967 d i d the
Ind ian affairs sub c ommi t t e e in the Se nat e and House lose t h e ir total grip
on ma t t e rs In d ian .
Bot h Se nators Rob e r t Ke nne dy and, t o a lesse r e x t e nt,
Abraham Rib i c off (D,Conn.) h e l d hearings dur ing t8e past year on Indim
urban gh e t toes and Indian e du cat ion. Such a t r e nd may lead to a fresh
d.pproa c h t owar d unde rs tanding at least t h e di1;1e nsions of the In dian p.m
b l e m and the prior i t i e s in pol i c y - making.
For e xamp l e , Professor Gary Orfi e l d of the Univ � rsity of Virginia
b e l i e v e s th e key foc us shou ld be in providing t h e Indians wi th jobs.
Employm e n t , he b e l i e v es, wou l d rad iat e the kinds of se lf- c onfiden c e and
options that offe r fr e e dom of c no i c e and b r e ak t h e v i c ious c i r c le of pov
e r ty .
''Ev e n a llowing for t h e rapid popu la t ion growth , l. t is .Jb v iuus tbat
the bas i c e conom i c prob lem of the In d ian c ommun�ties cou ld be sclv e d by
This wou ld SP.em a smal l d eill� nd for a nation
th e prov ision of 40,000 jobs.
whe r e civ i l ian e mp loym e n t has i�c r e ase d an av e rage of 723,000 eac h year
from 1955 t o 196�, and whe r e the l ast f i v e ye ars th e av e rage in c r ease
has b e e n almos t 1.5 mill ion p e r year . " Analysis aft e r analysis of the
r e se rvat ions' e c onomic pot e n t ia l poin ts to �hat has to be done to ac hie ve
Prov ision of ade q uat e loan funds
this r e lat�v e ly modest obje c t iv e .
to finan c e t r ib al e nte rprises an d inc e n t iv e s t o at trac t ind ustry are often
C onse rvat ion proje c ts, r e �r eational si t e d e v e lopme n ts,
re c omme n d e d.
pub l i c housing c ons t r u c tion and othe r c ommun i t y improv e men t proje c ts can
T here is solid pre c e d e n t for su c c e ss
�e mor e i mme diate ly iwpleme n t e d .
i n job c r eat ion in the Ind ian Erne r��e n c y C onse rvat ion Nork prograiil d uring
Some 15,000 Lle n we r e put to work in a few mon ths t ime.
t he thir t i es.
( F rom The N e w Repub l i c , b y Ralph Nade r, 3/30/68)
S i rs:
Corr e c t ion
A line was omit t e d in my ar t i c le "Lo , the Poor Ind ian " (Mar c h 30).
On page 14, column two, ( page 5, t h ird fu ll paragraph in Apr i l �aine
Ind ian Newsle t t e r), th e final se n t e n c e of t he se copd fu ll paragraph should
W ith r esponsi b i l i ty for In d ian health s e rv i c e s alr eady in HEW,
r e ad :
t he Task For c e d ip loma t i c ally c on c lud e d by emphasi z ing t hat "HEW programs
e mphasi z e human d e v e lopme n t as c on t ras t e d w i t h In t e r ior's program emphasiJ
on c onse r vat ion and nat ural r e sou r c es. "
Ralph Nad e r
( From Th e New Repub l i c , 4/6/68)
YOUNG CHEROKEE3 PROTES T EMPHASIS ON NEW INDUS TRIAL S ITE
( Ed i t or 's not e :
t h e abov e ar t i c l e was star t e d i n t he Apr i l issue of
+h e Newsle t te r and is c on c l ud e d he r�)
T h e se old e r people have forme d wha t, t ransla t e d in to Engl ish from
C h e roke e, t h e y hav e a lawye r, S t uar t .1rqpp , working with t h e m, t rying
t o figu r e ou t the e xac t nat u r e of t h e ir prob l e m . Mr . T rapp c omments
t ha t i ts c �mp l e x it i es se e m almos t b e yond d e fi n i t ion. T h e y weav e bac k
i n to t h e great hjstory o f t his people, one� a sov e r e ign na t ion t hat
had its own highly e ffi c ie nt gov e rnme n t , its own pol i c e force, a sys t e m
o f c ou r t s, a n d pub l i c s c hools.
C h e roke es, l ike t he oth e r me mb e rs of t h e F iv e Civ i l i z�d T r ibes,
The Che rokees,
#e r e among t h e c hief ar c h ite c ts of t he S tat e of Oklahoma .
C hoc t aws, C hi c asaws, C r e e ks, and 0e minoles; for c e d i n to Ind ian T e rr i tory
by t he d e termination of t h e sou t h e ast states t o appropria t e the ir lands,
�(7)
YOUNG C HEROKEES PROTEST
( Continued from page 6)
•
•
•
pioneered t his region .
C herokees were o: klahoma's firs t let erate set tlers.
They prod uced i t s firs t newspaper.·
These first Oklahoilla ns got cough t in the sawe divisions t ha t wrenched
w hi t e Americans as under in the Civil War .
It le f t mos t of t heru terribly
i ·mpoveris hed.
When C o n gres s gove Oklahoma s tatehood in 1907, it .assumed t �at t he
Ind ians would becofile part of t he mains tream
It ended their t ribal
governm en t s .
When t he Indian Reorgani zation Ac t of 1948 came along,
providing for tribal governmen t elsewhere, ti lef t o u t t he Five Civilized
Tribes .
As Mr . Keeler sees it, the next nee ded call t he Original C herokee
Communi t y Organizatio n . (Ed. note:
?)
Under a grant from t he Field Foundation, s tep i: . economic recovery.
Innumer3.ble Oklahoma In dian s., living in and around Oklahoma Cit y , 'l'ulsa,
and o t her population centers, are prosp�rous citizens.
Back in t he oil
boom days, some O sage people became wealt hy�
The povert y �roblem centers
in remo te places like this eas t�rn hill count ry .
''Mos t o f t he Indian people around here, 11 co:ufaen t s Ralph F . Keen,
Mr . Keeler's lieu tenan t as general busires s manager for t he tribe , " live
on wel f are.
We're trying to change t his sit ua tion. "
Out le t for s kills
By las t fall 60 C herokees had been employed for ind ua t�i�l- site
cons r t uc t ion .
Once operat ing, Mr. Keen poin�s out, it hap permanen� jobs
for 40.
This 1in ter, new cons t ruc tion - an o f fice b uildirtg, a warehouse
nas provided work for more .
Act ually t he projec t reaches far t her.
S am Sanders, a C herokee and former newspaper repor ter, manages t he
Art s and Craf t s Center .
It provedes an outle t for Indian cra f t �orkers
'
in nearby villages .
They produce fabrics, sport s clo thes for r;1en and
women, ceramics , and o t her obje t s d'art carved from rJOod.
Bes ides, Mr. Sanders works wit h s urroundi�g commu1ii ties in develop· ing cra f t guilds .
C herokee craf tsmen are not ed for t heir homespun woolens .
Since 1935, t he Indian Arts and C ra f t s Board of t he In terior Depart ment
has worked wi t h Oklahoia Indians , helping t hem develop great weaving
s kill s .
Tahlequah is o f fering India� s ot her employm�nt oppor t unities. The
C herokee Nat ional His to�ical Societ y las t year opened to t he public a
It
C herokee Village , illus trating the Indian way of life around 1700.
h a d a n average o f 200 visi tors o n weekdays , 600 to 800 over weekend s .
Projec t s aean jobs
Col. M. A. HagPrstand , t he socie t y's executive vice-president, says
this year or nex t will see t he opening o f a 3,000-seat amphi t heater.
Dr. Kermit Hun t er, 7ho ·iTrotf' t he C herokee drana , "Un to T hese Rills "
biven every s umraer by t he prospering Cherokee remnan t in Nor t h C arolina,
h as writ t en an epic his torical drama to be presen ted here .
The C herokee Village
S uch proje�t s, point s out Mr. Keen, mean jobs.
uses 30 to 50 Indians d urin g eigh t mon t hs of t he year . The drama will
In Nort h C arolina, t he C hero
employ lOC t hrou ghou t t hree summer mon t h s .
kee project has hrough t enough money into t he community so t hat federal
Indian 1elf are expendit ures have cropred from over $114,ooo annually t o
$50,000 between 1960 and 1965�
"ile're try.;ng t o remain so f lexible, " observes Mr . Keen , " t ha t we
This isn' t an Indian
can t ake advant a ge o f anyt hing that comes along.
a people's problem . "
problem .
Itl.!.s
(�ontinnPn nn n��P R)
•
�( 8)
YOUNG CHEROKEES PROT�ST
(Con t in u e d from page 7)
•
•
•
Oklahoma is a stat e where t h is can b e sai d mean ingful ly.
The inter
m i x t u r e of In d ian an d wh i t e b lood is c lose to un ive rsal.
Young Mr. K e e n,
wi t h a b a c kgroun d as spe c ialist in In d ian affairs, offers limse lf as a
c ase in poin t.
11I'm half C h e roke e," he says, " bu t I was raise d as t hough
I we r e a full b lood .
My fat h e r was Ir ish, my s t e pfat h e r was C hoc ktaw .
We l ive d in Osage count ry. So Osages always c ould call me a C hoc taw and
C hoc t aws could always say I was a C h e roke e ! "
Mr . Ke e n says h e hasn't a n y t ime for c r i t i cs o f what t he K e e l e r
administr at ion i s doing h e r e .
As ind i c a t e d, t h e r e a r e c r i t i cs.
F inis
J. Smi t h , c h i e f of t h e Nigh t hawk K e e toowah Soc i e t y, d e sc r i b e s the C h e ro
ke e si t ua t ion - meaning Mr. Ke e le r's role as appoint e d c h i e f - "a gross
violat io n of Ame r i c an democ rat i c i d e als."
This con tai ns an allusion to t h e C h e roke e Exe c u t ive Comwi t t e e , a
sor t of advisory c ab in e t forme d to work w i t h Mr. Ke e le r in 1548.
_\pparentl'
none of i ts memb e rs speak the C h e roke e Janguage. Tjey are not �lec t e d
T h e y de represe n t , as Mr. Ke e l e r's suppor t e �s poin t ou t ,
b y t h e t rib e .
a pot e n t ial rese rvoir for fut ur� e le c t e d t r ibal lead e rship.
T r yin g to sum up a si tuat ion so complex t hat e ve n C he roke es admit
to n ume rous un c e r t ain ti�sr a r e por t e r c owing from t h e ou tside would se t
down t hese c on c l usions as fac t:
Mr. Ke e le�, as pr i n c ipal c h i e f, ob vious ly b elieves t hat b u i ld ing up a
C h e roke e e c onomi c b ase will make possib le a con t inuan c e of In�ian c u l t ure.
E is ct'it i c s r e pr e sent a r e surge n c e of Che roke e 11hat ionalism11 that
hopes for a re t u rn of t h e days whe n C h e roke es e le c t e d t h e ir own offi c ials
and t ook par t in making t r ibal d e c isions. The y b e l i e ve this rJ st come
fi rst.
The y ar e no t e n t i re l y c e r t ain t h e y wan t irospe r i t y on the �hi t e
soc i e t y's t e ros.
In be t we en, the fac t t hat t housands of C h e roke es � ave b e co·.1e more
Oklahoman t han In d ian raise s many quest ions .
Some elei1e nts r e sist �ny
Man y se e m tot ally ind effe r e n t .
sort of c han ge.
Conservat ive e l e m e n t
Memb e r s of t h e N i gh t hawk Ke e toowah Soc i e t y, for example, r e pr esent
a pe rsis t ing c onse rvat ive e leme n t in t h e h i ll coun t r y.
The nafile " Ke e t
oowah " goes back mayb e 3,000 years an d r ef e rs t o a c onc ept of Ind ian
be havior t hat �s futidamen tally r e ligious .
The K e e toowah S oc ie t y i tse lf
was foun d e d in 1858 an d in corpor�t e d in 1905.
The Nishthawk Ke e t oowahs
a r e an offshoot.
On �he other hand, Che roke es l ik e Mr. Ke e n are ac t ive ly con c e rned
abou t t he fu tur e .
They be lieve , as Mr. Ke e n hiJ.1se lf e mphasizes , t hat
Ind ian value s and mod e r n e c o�omi c progr ess c�n t h r ive toge ther.
" It produc e s
11Now we have a c u l t ur e hase d on we lfar e , " h e says.
on ly a v i c io us c i r c le.
Alr eady, d u e to t his c e n t e r, we have me n who are
ac q u i r i n g work ing habi t s .
The y have re gain e d some los t human pre s t ige .
Some of the m , for t h e first t ime in th e ir l ive s, have e xpe r i e n c e d the
p r e s t ige of b r i nging home a w e ekly pay c h e ck. "
(F rom T h e C hrist ian S c i e n c e Moni tor, by Kimruis Hendri ck, 4/4/66)
..
PRIVILEGE and RESPONSIBILITY desc r ibe your pr ese n c e at June 17 th
Pr imar y Ele�t ior, whe n you will be aske d to e xpress your opinion on the
t hre e r efe r e n d um ques�ions.
N e x t mon th r ead abou t
A
Changin g C u l t ure , ho11 t he Eskimo adjus ts.
Aiso r e ad a r e v i e w b y t h e e ditor of The New Indians, au t hor,
C'+"'..;""'�1'.'.
fl
r"n'"'""+
,....f'
llT)"',::I
T),....,.o.,..llrjn�,...,..;J-,-jl""O:
."
n-r"'W-il1"'
-=>"1.iTOl""
"'f'
t-.hP
�(9)
EDITOHIALS
( C on tinue d from page 4)
and inc apable of havin g a say in t he ir own de stiny .
Some Indians do
assimi lat e , bu t some do n o t, t h e c hoic e sho u l d be l e f t t o e a c h individ ual.
I f t h e Republic ans were tru t h f u l, t h e plank w o u l d have b e e n word e d.
suc h t hat t he Re publicans w o u ld hav e admit t e d t ha t what t h e y were re ally
se e kin g w as to d e s troy what lit t le the Maine Indiaris hav e le f t .
I t i s ironic t hat t h e Pre amble t o t h e 1968 Maine GOP P lat form
c on t ains t h e w ords;
" Fre e dom. f t he individual, wi t h e q ual oppor t uni t y
for all, i s t h e ke y t o t he g�e a t n e ss of Maine and o f o ur nation .
The
sta t e must ad e q ua t e ly f u lfi ll its ob liga tion t o assis t t h ose c i t iz e ns
who are inge n uin e n e e d .
At th e same time, h owever, individual initia t iv e ,
re sponsibilit y and res ourc e f ulness must be c onstan t ly e n c o urage d."
T he Newsle t t e r su gge sts t hat inst e ad of alie na ting t h e Indians,
alon g •1it h ot h e r win orit y groups, t ha t t h e R e pub licans se e k to d e al
vi t h t h e proble ms where t h e y exis t. Wh e n Port land and �at e rville had_
urban r�ne wa l proble ms t h e y a t t e mr1t e d t o d e al wi th- t he problems where
t h e y e x:kte d, an d t h e y did not assimilat e t h eir �oor in to other communitie s .
T h e re is n o re ason why t h e Indian reservat ions sh ould n o t � e treat e d
similiar ly b y t he S tat e .
*
MONTHS OF THE YEAR
The Indians c omme n c e the year from the new moon pre c e ding C hrist
mas;
t he y c ou n t t h e mo nths by moons , an d t h e first day of e a�h n e w mo on
is t he first day of the mon t h .
As in s ome ye ars the re are t hirte en o ons ,
t h e n t h e In dians skip t h e moon b e twe en July and Augu st , and t h e y c a l l
i t Abonamwik i zoos L.e t this mo on go. )
January . - *Onglusamwessit ( i t is v ery hard to ge t a livin g . )
Fe bruary . - Taq uask'nikizoos ( moon in whic h t h ere is c rust on t h e
snow . )
Marc h.- Pnh6damwikizoos ( m oon in whi c h h e ns lay . )
April . - Arousswikizoos ( moon in whi c h we c a t c h fish . )
May . - Kikkaiki zoos ( moon in whic h we sow. )
Jun e . - M usk oskikizoos ( moon in w hi c h we c a t c h young seals. )
Jul y . - A t c hit t�ikiz o os ( moon in whi c h t h e berfies are ripe . )
/
August . - Wikkaikizoos ( moon in whi c h t h ere is a h e ap o f e e ls
on t h e sand . )
S e p t e mber . -Moi1 t c h e wad okkizoos ( moon in whi c l-i t h ere are h erds of
mooses, bears, &c . )
Oct �be r . - Assebaskwat s ( t here is ric e on t h e bord e rs . )
ov ember.- Abonomhsswikizoos ( moon in whi c h t h e frost -fish c ome s. )
De c embe r . - e t c hikizoos ( t he long moon . )
* T his mon t h was c alle d f ormerly Mekwas'q u e ( t h e cold is gre a t ) ;
bu t sin c e t h e y were a�priv e d o f t h e ir ric h se t t lall e n t s in t he iennebic,
i t is calle d as abov e .
1
( Take n from the ALNAMBAY ULI AWIKHI GAN, BY Fa t h e r Eug e n e Ve tromile ,
e i t h e r 1856 or 1858, Historian of Holy C ross C olle ge, �oost er, Mass.
T h is is a prayer book wit h the P e nob scot, f1icmac, Passamaq u od d y, an d
Mal e c i t e words transJate d . Giv e n to me by my grand fat her Evans Phillip8 )
*
I t 's not t �o lat e to subscrib e t o t he Newsle t t e r. S e nd in your
name and adre ss and zip code wi t h t h e suoscription blank on·the last
page .
I f y0u know of any frie nds or anybody who migh t be ,int e rest e d
s e n d i n t heir na�es and w e w ill send t h e m a c omplimentary c opy t o
6e t t h e m in t e r e st e d i n what our Mati.ne In dians are d oin g.
*
�(10)
I.ETT ERS TO THE ED IT O R
O ld T own, Mai ne
De ar Ed i tor,
I was pre se n t at t h e me e t ing May 4, 1968 at East port,
i t h t he
S t a t e offic ials and Fe d e ral Offi c ials and e a c h T ribe off i c ials, aJi I
c ou l d s e e as far as progress is c on c e rne d was t h ings have be e n put down
on pap e r and submi t e d .
Now how long to wai t?
I h e ard Se n e t or B e cke t e xpre ss the ne ed to improve t he Prins ton
St rip by making a show pla c e of i t by mov ing t h e Ind ians back up the
hi l l.
If I was a me mbe r of the Ind i ans I wou ld not allow t he State to
s ay I had not mad e progress .
I would show t h e m t hat I hav e .
F i r s t b y t e ll ing t h e m t h e firs t home I had l iv e d i n was one
room now I hav e t hre e rooms and t e n c h ildre n .
Then I wou ld sh9w my old
wood s t ov e I use d t o use ,
now I have an oi l s t ov e wh i c h may blow up
any min u t e bu t t h is is progre ss . T he n I wou ld show t h e m my sink w i t h
a shinny fau c e t no wat e r b y a sink .
Th e n I vould show the m � y bathroom
f i c a l i t ie s t h e one I had 20 yr ago was & pai l out back, bu t now I have
a pai l with a roof over it and a door. This same progress has also
b e e n a c ompl ish e d in Old T own
I do not l i v e on t he Island be cause there
is nb plac e to l i v e t h e re is no re n t s avalible the re all the progressiv e
homes are in use now .
T hanks for h e aring me ou t .
Phyl l is McGeane
202 N. Brunswick St .
Old T own, Me .
04468
( E>itor's not e :
T hank you for saying i t 1)
•
.
De ar Euge n ia:
I ' m e nc losing a c lipping of Roger Ran c e's answer to Raymond tioore ' s
It was on
c laim t ha t t h e Ind ians w e re ge t t ing lazy liv ing off We lfare .
t he FRO NT PAGE t oo!
I ' v e t alke d t o some pe ople at P l e asan t Poi n t and
t he y told me t hat q u i t e a few people had to re ly on We lfare be c ause there
were no j©bs avai lable at t he t ime.
I'm e n c losing his l e t t e r.
R i c ke r C ollege is he lp�ng t h e
I also hav e good n ews to r e port.
Hou l t on Ind ians in regards t o h ousing, e mploym e n t , an d health serv i c e s.
T h e y hope to ge t an organ izer from Hou l t on ( who will be Ind ian ) t o
s tart t h e program .
I w i l l ge t t he full par t i c u lars from Mr. Fre deri�k
H e in z e from Ri c ker.
It t ook a long t ime, but i t's final ly happe n i ng.
In a year of so t h e In d ians on t h e Hou l ton F lats wi l l hav e all mode rn
fac i l i t ies.
Am cl e n ding you a l e t t e r I got from a Doris Diabo Me l l iad is and
undoub t l y she t hought I was t h e Ed i tor bu t I hav e wri t t e n to her t o
c larify t h is .
T h e l�sts o f fort h c o@ing e v e n ts may b e be nefic ial to
some one w i thin our c ir c u lat ion are a. As I'm wri t ing th is, a man from
t he Fore s t r y Dept. is giv ing insrt u c t ions to f i v e young m e n who are
And they wil l ge t as h igh as $1. 75 an hour
s tu dying to be fire figh t e rs .
whi l e l e arning.
I don't hav e muc h n e ws to report at this t ime bu t wi ll
hav e some n e x t time .
I'l l sign off for now
Yours truly
Mor-ris Brooks
Se e page 16 for Boger P.an c o's l e t t e r to t he e ditor of
( Ed i t or's not e :
Be c ause it was pert in e n t, Roger's le t t e r to
t h e Bangor Dai ly Ne ws.
I·lorris nill be i n c lude d . )
( Le t t e rs to t h e Ed i tor c on t inued on page 13)
�(11)
A PA.SSAiU\C'UODDY VIW.'78 RIGHTS AHD TTF.LFARE
by Kent
·1ard
l·iaine Indians have been made lazy by welfare programs, have been pushed
too hard on civil rights issues, are not the victims
of discrimination that some
claim them to be, and realize that any hope of rising above their generally
lo� economic cltatus is tied c:osely to educatio
n.
Those are not the provocative views of a non-Indian .
Rather they belong
to a young member of the Passamaquoddy rribe, Raymond J . llol-re, who left the
Pleasant Point .eservation at Perry to find work in Eangor.
.
•loore, 30, a former Indian constable and the father of six children ranging
i� age from four to 13, is employed in the maintenance department at St.
Hospital and lives in Bangor.
Joseph
··I wouldn't move back to the reservation, 11 he said in an interviet •
11This
is the first place I ever liked.
Je are t'1ell accepted in every way by my
iellow '1orkers and my neighbors.11
Stimulated by a series of articles which the
recen tly ran on the Passamaquoddies, Moore took the occasion to express
his thoughts on a number of things vital to his people, all the while calling
�
a
a spade
spade.
'"'Ihe white man has made us lazy with all of th:a.s welfare business, ;i Moore
charged.
"I have been trying to make people unJerstand that most of this assis
tance should go to the old people.
Tiley are the ones who are struggling.
But
there are too many Indian men from 16 to 40 years old collecting unemployment.
If you could get a handout on unemployment wculd you work7n
There are woods jobs in the Princeton area available, Moore said, giving
a left-handed complim nt to the job performance of Indians th::s way, :'If you
But as things stand now,
can get them to work, you couldn't find a better man.
It saddens me that these
the wrong ones are getting welfare and too much of it.
young,
able-bodied men are abusing this program . • • • ::
i-··oore has other vie� s too.
against Massachusetts
(for
uith the Passamaquoddies)
$150
On civil rigl'.ts:
million,
has been in the l-1orks,
on this civil rights business.
;;Ever since this lawsuit
charging violation of a
Believe me,
treaty
my people have knm'inwhat has been
going on in our relations with the state all these years.
dumb.
tut instead of erupting things,
get help."
1794
we have been pushed too nruch
These people are not
they didn't lmow how to go about it to
11Tle knew what was going on and it was happening right in front of our
But there is too much distrust in each and every one of us.
noses.
outside group comes along and says this and that,
If some
we would rather believe them
than our own leaders.'
';Personally, I would have accepted some sort of an apology from the state
that things hadn't been just right, and a promise to star.t out new, rather than
This last remark was a reference to
tne way it is going now, ;i he declared.
counsel Moore says the Indians have been given on several occasions in the past
by certain non-Indians to participate in sit-ins and protest marches to draH
attention to grievances.
On discrimination against Indians:
between the two reservations
my oeople and the outside, 11 Moore said,
to �·ayne Newell,
another Passamaquoddy,
£"ife in Washington County.
11There is more discrimination practiced
(Fleasant Point and Indian Township) than between
in commenting upon a statement attributed
that discrimination toward Indians is
; I have been accepted as well as anyone else in
T·lashington County, n he remarked.
"I have never been refused anything.
walked into barbershops and the man has said
haircut.
'next'
I have
and given me a wonderful
I hav� established credit in various places.
As a matter of fact,
I wish it hadn't been so easy sometimts • • • • i:
"As for the ·lashington County courts, there definit�ly is no prejudice
(Continued on Page
12)
�(12)
(Con tinue d from Page 11)
towar d s Ind ian s as far as I can s e e .
I persona l ly l now of many t ime s whi l e
I was cons ta l e t ha t t h e j udge w a s very lenie n t with Ind i an s , exp lain ing to them
in many c a s e s why he wa s f ining them , and g iving them extra t ime to pay , : . he said ,
On educat ion :
"Educ a t i on i s the mo s t impor tant thing r igh t now .
I wan t
my children to g e t a fu l l educa tion and tha t is my prime reason for ge t t ing away
from the r e se&:vat ion .
I ' m hEr e , bu t s omehow or o ther my heart is s t i l l dO'wn
there .
I wish many t ime s I could go back and do some good .
But I am too late ,
I have a grown fami ly .
The l id s back home don ' t ge t too tll\... ch encouragement
from home to f in i s h high s choo l , but I can promi s e you I am go ing to g ive my
children encouragement , " s aid the young Pas samaquoddy who dr opped out of Dhead
Memorial High S choo l , Eas tpor t , af ter abou t a year of high schoo l .
; I d i dn ' t
r e a l i z e the s e thing s un t i l I moved away from the re s ervat ion .
I was b l inded
by l i fe dmm there
A. s imi lar view on the va lue of an education was expr e s s ed by ano ther Pas sa
maquoddy in a l e t ter to the News las t week .
Pe ter A. l1i t che l l , a former Pas sa
maquodd y Tr ibal c lerk who a l�ow works at S t . Jo seph Hospi tal , commen ted on a
r ecent news s tory t e l l ing about the p lans of Newe l l to r e turn to the res ervat ion
and coun s e l you th .
1 1 Th i s s t ory repr e s e n t s for m e a hope , 1 1 wro te Ml.. t che l l .
1 1A fr i end , H ayne
Hi..; task wi l l no t be an e asy one
Newe l l , sha l l be e ff e c t ive in h i s endeavor .
and h i s e ffor t s wi l l n o t a lways be appr e c iated from a l l quar ters wi thin the trib e . '
' 1 Bu t Wayne i s a man o f s trong conv i c t ion and I am cer tain h e wi l l not
My pro found hope is
permi t cr i t i c ism or adver s i ty to d e te r his gr od purpo se .
tha t he w i l l be ab l e t o reach and convince Indian youth abou t the advantages of
a I1igher educat ion . "
(From the Bangor D a i ly 1'1ews , 4 / 16 / 68 .
See Pag e s 1 8 - 20 , Apr i l i s sue . - Ed . )
•
•
•
•
1 1
CtmTIS SEEKS KENNEDY HELP AT IND IAN AFFAIRS HEARING
(AP) - Gov . Cur t i s asked Sen �obe r t F . Kennedy Frid ay to come to Maine and
Cur t i s ' office
ho ld a hear ing w i th h i s Senate Subcommi t te e on Ind ian Education .
said he has asked t he He't·J York Democr a t i c s enator to help make a l l federal pro
grams for Indian s avai lab l e to a l l Ind ians , in clud ing tho se who s e r e s erva tions
are under s ta t e , and not federal , superv i s ion .
\
The r e q ue s t s were d i s c losed by Cur t i s ' o f f i c e in his ab sence on a F lor ida
vacat ion .
They were inc luded in a l e t t e r in wh ich Cur t i s a l s o inc luded a sum
That wa s when
mary of Ind i an educat ion prog�am.S in Haine s ince July 1, 1 9 66 .
the leg i s la ture tran s ferred r e s pons ib i l i ty for Indi an educat ion from the S tate
D epar tment of Hea l th & ·1e l fare to the Department of Educat ion
The announc emen t said the r e que s t s wer e made after Cur t i s consu l ted with
the Depar tmen t of Ind i an Affair s , Department of Educat ion and the Maine Indian
1 r il:. a l Counc i ls .
Las t January 11th , i t added , the Triba l Coun c i l s o f the two
Pas s ama quoddy Ind ian Re s erva t ions in Washing ton County unanimous ly pas sed a
r e s o lu t ion s ta t ing the ir wi s h to t e s t i fy b e fore the Kenne dy sub commi t tee .
Such a hear- ing , Cnr t i s s aid , could ' 1 pr ovide a s timulus for new and cre a t ive
t �lking in t he area o f Ind ian educat ion and sugge s t new me thods and programs "
Maine a l s o ha s a r e s ervation for Penob s co t
to d eve l op gre a t er oppor tun i t ie s .
•
•
•
•
Ind ian s , i n O l d Town .
1 ' Th i s s t a te , who s e t r ib e s have no r e l a t ion ship with the federal government ,
has suffered by no c b e ing invo lved in federal l e g i s l at ion to bene f i t American
E ar l i er this week , Curt i s ' o f f i c e announced that
Ind ian s , " the g overnor s aid .
he has aske d governor s o f �even o ther s t a t e s having s�b s tanial number s of " s tate11
Ind ians to j o in him in urg ing Congr e s s and federa l agenc ie s to e l iminate the dis•
He also made
t in c t ion and make all In� ians e l igib le for all federal programs .
the s ame reque s t of V i c e Pre s ident Humphrey , who he ad s the newly created Nation al
Counc i l on Ind i an Oppor tuni ty .
(From th� Kenneb e c Journa l , 4 / 20 / 6 8 )
�( 13 )
LETTERS TO THE ED �TOR
( C on t inu e d f r om page 10 )
D e_ar Mo rr i s ;
I r e c e iv e d your l e t t e r and was ple as e d t o h e ar t h a t I am n o t
t he o n l y one that t h ough t ab out ans w e r ing that ar t i
c le t h a t was i n t h e
Bangor pape r .
H e will f ind out only t o o s o on that h e ' l l pe going b a c k t o t h e
r e s e rv a t i on old an d unab le t o w o rk .
I hav e b e e n h e r e in Bar H arb or s in c e June 1956 and I kn ow h mv
i t is t o be on your own , and I kn ow i t is n o t a b e d o f r o s e s .
I ·' m
a ur e you mus t kn ow t o o .
No I w o u ldn ' t min d i f you s e n t the c l ip D ing t o E ugenia T h ompson
as I ' m � �re . s h e � ou l d � e more t h an glad to put i t . in � t h� N� Js I � t t e r .
I have b e e n wan t ing t o c ome d own t o s e e s ome o f my o l d f r i e n ds
a t t h e Poin t b u t I have b e e n pre t t y b us y .
I hav en ' t b e en t h e r e in ab o u t
8 or 9 years , I pr ob ab ly wouldn ' t know anyb ody d own t h e r e n ow .
I have b e e n pre t t y a c tive i n poli t i c s , I a m o n t h e 1own C amm i ,
C oun t y C omm . , and I am a D e le ga t e t o t h e S t a t e C onv e n t i on that is t o b e
he ld in Augus t a May 17t h & 18th .
Oh ye s D eQo c ra t e t o o .
e ll I h o pe you ke e p in t o u c h as I w o uld l ike t o kn ow how t hings
are g o i n g .
S in c e r e ly your s ,
Roger Ran c o
D e ar Euge n ia :
N o d o ub t , y o u h av e r e ad of t he ar r e s t wh i c h f o l l ow e d t he Rling
'
o f t h e Ind ian land c a s e in c our t .
I f you fe e l t ha t is is a good id e a t o r e p r in t any o f t he ne wspap e r
1r t i c le s c on c e rning t h i s obvi ous frame -up , I ' d gre a t ly appr e c i a t e y o ur
le t t in g me kn ow , s o tha t I c ould wr i t e s ome t h i n g , or s ugge s t t o a f r i e n d
t o wri t e s ome t h ing, s e t t in g f or t h the t r ue gi s t o f w h a t t h e s m e a r i s a l l
ab ou t , wh i c h you c ould pub lish a l ongs ide o f a n y r e pr i n t you m a y h a v e
i n t e nd e d t o run .
N e e d le s s t o s a y , fur t h e r c i r c u la t i o n o f t h e s e s t or i e s ab out my
ar r e s t isn ' t going t o h e lp me ge t a fair trial .
B u t , as I s a y , i f y,ou
f e e l that yo� wan t t o run one o f th e m , I ' d appr e c ia t e your l e t t in g me
know so tha t I c an t r y to s e t t he re c ord s t raight in y our s ame i s s ue .
Thanks f or e v e r y though t ful c on s i d e ra t i on . Ev e n t h o ugh , f r om
what you have
r ob a b ly s e e n in t h e pape r , t h ings may l o ok b adly on t h � s
s c o r e , t h e y a r e � ' t � ha t w a y a t a l l , y o u c an b e s � r e .
Re gards ,
D on Ge l l e r s
( Ed i t or ' s n o t e : Un f or t una t e ly t h e Mar c h i s s ue o f the News le t t e r c ame
out a few days ( wi t h t he art i c le , page 12 ) b e f o r e the arr i v a l of Mr . G e l l e rs
l e t ter .
A s ub s e q u e n t t e l�ph one c a l l was made t o re q u e s t t h a t he r e p l y .
anyw ay . The Apr i l i s cue was he ld , pending h i s r e ply , b u t as Mr . G e l l e r s
r e la t e d t h e harm w a s d o ne , an d i t w a s t o o l a t e . Wha t more c an a p e r s on
s ay t han , 1 1 I a m inn o c e n t . " )
D e ar Mr s . Th omps JnI w o u ld l ike to r e c e iv e a l l i s s ue s s in c e the D e c emb � r is sue , if
this i s p o s s ib le .
On c e again . thank you f o r a l l your he lp f or my B os t on G l ob e ar t i c le
on t he Pas s amaqu od dys , las t Nov e mb e r .
Wis hing y o u muc � s u c c e s s w i t h t he News le t t e r .
S in c e re ly yours ,
And r e a S c h e rm e r
( Le t t e rs c on t in u e d on page 14 )
�( 14 )
D e ar S ir :
At a t ra in i n g program he ld in F e b ruary and Mar c h a t t he Un iv e r s i t y
o f �ifi s c on � in , I made t h e a c quain t an c e of Mr . Morris B r o oks , Pas samaqu oddy
.
T r ib e - - Pr i n c e t on , Maine .
He t ol d me much ab out the pr ob lems of Ame r i c an
Ind ians and t o ld me als o o f your n e w s le t t e r . H e gav e �e an o l d i s s ue
t o r e a d b u t I w o u l d l ike t o re c e ive t h e · News le t t e r r e gularly .
I am e n
c l os ing $ 2. 00 I f t h e s ub s c ript i on is more t han this , p l e a s e advi s e .
I am h o�e f u l , t ha t in r e a di ng how o t h e r groups d e a l with the varie t y
o f p r ob lems f a c ing t he p o o r , I m a y b e b e t t e r ab le t o d e a l e f f e c t i ve ly
w i t h .t h e pr ob l ems in my own ar e a .
�ve are ( t he Fa c i l i t y ) a t w o - c oun ty
0 ommµn i t y Ac t i on Age n c y s p ons o r e d b y OEO .
S in c e re ly ,
C ons t an c e S . Muns on , c o or d in a t or
Fulmon t N e i gh � orh ood C e n t e ra
D e ar E u ge n ia Thompson ,
We t r i e d tw i c e un s u c e s s fully t o me e t �1i t h you a t your ho�e .
Y o u are as muc h on t h e move as a r e we an d oo wi l l hope that we c Qn;
c an me e t you s ome t im e in the f u t u r e .
Your p ub l i s h ing o f our S WEETGRAS S las e s umr.le r ( s e e May and June
Ne w s le t t e r , THE T O UCH OF S �JEETG RAS S b y A . E. Mc innis ) was a pleasant
s urpri z e t o us and we have w on d e re d wha t t h e r e a c t i on to i t ·..:by your
r e ad e r s we re ?
The r e a l t r e as ure o f our Pe ople , t h e Ame r indian l i e s in the t r e as ure
o f t h e i r p oe t r y , mus i c , l e ge nd s , and hand i c r a f t s .
1e s ome t i�e s s uspe c t
t he s parkle i n s ome e ye s i s n o t c on c e rn f o r h i s B r o t he r t h e redman b u t
m o r e t h e s parkle o f wha t e v e r s i lve r ill i gh t b e ob t a ine d f � om t he m .
C ou l d y o u s e nd a c opy o f one o f your is s u e s t 6 . � .
E n c l o s e d is a c lippin g f r om Na t i onal F i s h e rman . T p ou gh t you mi g ght
b e in t e r e s t e d in t h is Ind i an gi r l .
We w e r e e n t e r taine d r oyally b y an o t h e r Ind ian gir l - - your c harm
f i � l e d daugh t e r .
S he v e r y s e r i o u b ly in t r od u c e d �s t o h e r li t t l e warri or b r o t h e r .
We
aske d , " W.h e re d i d you f ind him ? W e w o u ld like v e ry mu c h t o f ind one
l ike h im . "
S h e ans we re d , " f o und h im in t h e ga r d e n und e r a c ab b age plan t . 11
We w o u ldn ' t wan t to d is i l lus i on her b u t we l o oke d a l l ov e r our g
gar d e n and f ound n o thing half s o ni c e as h e r l i t t le b r o t h e r .
S in c e r e ly ,
A . E . Mc innis
( E d i t o r ' s n o t e : we are l o okin g f orwa r d to me e t ing you , and t a lkin g with
wi th y o u ab o u t In d i an th ings .
Your a r t i c le ab o u t swe e t grass b r ough t to
l i fe , the manne r of the Ind ian .
Ne hav e an old s we e t grass c omb , which
u s e was made more meaningful by your ar t i c le . I , t o o , b e li e v e t ha t woney
is the r o o t of all e1r i l , this we c an ob s e rv e t h rough out our ( In d ian )
� i s t o ry .
The s pa rkle a l l t o o o f t e n t urns in t o e v i l blin t , when s ome t hing
i s g o t t en t h r ough n o e f f or t .
N o e f f or t b e ing the b r e aking o f t r e a t i e s ,
Now t ha t the land
c o un t e r f e i t in g o f d e e d s , e xchanging w i t h b e ad s , e t c .
is a lm o s t gone , the use is t aken out o f i t , and wha t pr i c e is paid f o r
pollu t i on · o f t h e w a t e r s , d e s e c r a t i on o f the f o r e s t s , a n d o t h e r d e b as emen ts .
N o t hing , t he s t a t � h i d e s i t s t r i b a l ac c o unt s , t h e indus t r i e s fails t o
c l e an up a f t e r thems e lv e s , a l l f or n o t h in g . T hank G o d w e s t i ll have our
Mayb e i t ' s a good
Lc t 1 s t r y and �e lp t o ke e p them c le an .
R e s e rv a t i ons .
t h ing t ha t indus t r i e s have n o t inv ade d our land s , o t h e rwis e , we ' d b e
d i r t y , and our e ye s w o u ld b e f u l l o f glin t , t o o ! )
( Le t t e rs , c on t inue d on page 15 )
�( 15)
D e a r G e n t le me n ,
All
the European
the
IFI
on
f r i e n d s o f Ame r i c an
In t e r e s s e n g e me i n s c ha f t f ti r
-
Ame r i c an
fac t
t ha t
NCAI
-
Th e
In d i an
this
Na t i on a l
NC A I
is
T he
on
the
wh o l e
the
we ll a s
is
as
the
hav e
g� i n e d
s upp o r t
to
the
j o i n in g
a
of
a c t iv e ly
the
the ir
the
IF I
c on t r ib u t i on
of
to
fie lds
of
pre s e n t
I n d i an
r e s pe c t e d
the
the
Indian
giv e
In
t he
the
free
world .
of
the
the
voice
w is d om ,
NCA I
future
and
a v e -ry
In Q ian
e nduran c e
i t will
in
appr o a c h
be
im
an
c u l t ur a l
on e
o r gan i z a t i on
an
t hr o u gh o u t
the
and
in
all
n on - I n d ian
t h e y s h o � ld
t rad i t i on a l l y
re
charac t e r i z e
pe o pl e .
the
y ou r
E u r o p e an
friends
a s s i s t an c e
to
of
Ame r i c an
I n d i an p e o p l e
1346
C onne c t i c u t
Was h in g t on ,
the y s h o u l d have
and
t o mi s s
in
f or
the
b e c omin g
the ir
long
p o t e n t ia l
t he
o f Arae r i c an
Av e n u e ,
20 036
2 23 -553 2
f o r b e c om i n g
un i f i e d
s p e ake r
the
wh i c h
leader
the
Th e
tribes ,
IF I
is
very
and
pr o t e c t i o n a n d
in t e r e s t e d
the re f ore
ab o u t y o u r a im s i n
e c on nm i c pr o gr e s s ,
of
the
I n d i an
tribes
lmd
Ame r i c an
In
I n d ian
yours ,
A. S .
d i an
I n d ia ns
N.W.
hi s t ory .
S i n c e r e ly
p.s .
urge n t ly
D.C.
1 0 19
R o om
pe ople ,
b e g you
t he
Na t i o n a l C on gr e s s
that
s oc ia l
imp o r t an t
p e ople ,
that
will
whi c h
and
b e c ome
t h e y s h o u ld
the
o f N o r t h Ame r i c a
t r ib e s
c or r e l a t i on s
c ommun i t y a n d
of
in t e r e s t e d
i n E u r op e
this
t h r o u gh
r e s pe c t e d
Ind i an
e c on o m i c
in t e r e s t e d
I n d i an
the
the
B e yond
is
of
pe ople
I n d i an
l e g i s la t i on .
I n d ian
I n d ian
the
le ga l l y r e c o g
to
is
in t e r e s t s
c on c e r nin g t h e
In d i an
un i f i e d
d i gn i t y ,
The r e f o r e
to
the
role
life .
t h r o u gh o u t
c ommu n i t y as
f le c t
the
the
NCA I
the ir
imp o r t a n t
D .C .
the
and
of
t h e E u r ope an -Ame r i c an
life .
Alr e ad y a t
f or
of
o r gan i z a t i on
voice
of
l ii.1i t e d
i n G e rmany ,
t o t he
mos t
the
in
� s o c i a t i on
o r gan i z a t i o n
or gan i z a t i on
un i f i e d
e fforts
l i v i n g s � an d a rd
p o r t an t
only
to
i n �J a s h i ngt on ,
t rack
un i t e d
li f e
and
( G e rman A
as s o c ia t e
Indians
t o keep
the
r e p r e s e n t a t iv e
as
pr o grammin g i s
ins t i t u t i ons
o f E ur o pe
c u l t ure
a t t e n t i on
nati onal
a t t amp t s
s ide
p e r s ons .
h'i t h
Ame r i c a n
v o t in g a n d
that
other
as
of
o n ly pr i v a t e ,
a nd
the
i n d i v i d ua l s
out
C ongre s s
whe re
Indians ,
IF I
C u l t ur e ) , d raw y o u r
o r ga n i z a t i on h a s j o i n e d
the
t h e ms e lv e s ,
nized
I n d ian
I n d i an e rk�n d e
ad v a n � e m e n t
of
w ork a s s s is t in g t h e
your
e d u c a t i on a n d
of
and
r e s e ar c h
your
a ppre c i a t e
would
fie lds
the
in
Thu l i n
all
I n d i an s .
them
d e v e l o pme n t ,
c ommun i t y
and
in f o rma t i on ,
� n f o rm i n g
c on t a c t
l e g i s la t i on
f or
the
T h ank y o u !
NC A I £ K on t aks t e l le :
Ax e l S c h u l z e -T h u l in
5463
Auf
Unke l
a.
Rh e in
d e m R h e inb ti c h e l
G e rmany
( Ed i t o r ' s
note :
t h e m s e lv e s
is la t i o n
at
c ould
and
v a r i o us
The
NCA I was
f r e e ly
policy . "
time s
and b a n d s .
Has
T h e Ne w In dians ,
f ou n d e d
e xpr e s s
The
in Nov e m�e r ,
the ir v i ews
" Un i t e d Na t i o n s
1944 ,
a n d wish e s .
of
the
12
so
on
t r ib e s , 1 1
t ha t
" In d i an s
nati onal
l e g
r e pr e s e n t in g
t o m o r e t han o n e h un Jr e d d i f f e r e n t t r ib e s
n o n - v o t in g 111e mb e r s . T hi s q u o t e was t ak e n f r e;.•
b u S t an S t e ine r , Harp e r and R o w , 196 8 )
f r o •u
forty
� o n - Ind ian ,
�(16)
Our b e lov e d country i s a f l ame .
Af lame w i th the f ire o f ha t e an-i vio l ence .
v!h a t ha s happ ened to a land. - g iven by God - and once so s er e n e · and b e
au t i fu l ?
B e au t y no longer ex i s t s .
; e auty i s marr e d l::. y f ire s burn ing in oc.r c i t i e s .
I t i s marred ty the min d s of men who advo c a t e r a c i sm a�d marred by l eade r l e s s
minor i t i e s who l a s h o u t wi � h vio len c e a s a f ina l d e sper a t e a l t ern a t ive .
Th i s g r e a t land tal�en by for ce from my p e o p l e is now imme r s e
in an inter
nal
s tr i f e
t he L e loved
o f i t s oWn d o i n g .
land o f his
ir t h
v a l i an t ly aga in s t
The Ame r i can I�d ian of t oday looks and 1atches
i th pain and 1gr e a t s orrow .
Our Fathe r s fought
he f ir s t intrud e r s of ano ther l and .
They foug h t but f i na l ly
to overwhe lming tac t i c s and super ior arms .
Over the years , some o f
a c c e p ted t h e w a y s o f l i fe o f t h e new and d ominat ing s o c i e ty .
Ye t there ar e
y i e lded
us
s ome o f u s w h o never w i l l a c ce p t n o r e v e r f ind t h e hear t to forg ive for in j u s t ices
i nf l i c t e d aga in s t u s .
And t o d ay , Amer i c an burn s .
I t s very : 1 c o n s c ience 1 1 burns and shows .
And
we can o n l y look w i t h gr e a t p i ty �
Pe ter A .
Ni t che l l
Pa s s ama quoddy Tr ib e
From t he
as
Por t l anrt
f o l l crw s :
Rep .
Bill
t he ' : Le t te r s
to
4/ 14 / 6 3 .
Sunday Te legr am ,
Ha thaway o f Auburn ,
the Ed i tor : 1
of
Ple a s e n t P o i n t Ue serv a t ion
The
who r e pr e s e n t s
Te l egram o f May 5 th re por ted
the
the Sunday Te: legram .
S e c ond D i s tr i c t ,
b y the commun i c a t i on f r om Pe ter A. Mi t che l l o f t he Pa s s amaquoddy Tr i b e ' s
ant Po i n t Re s ervat i o n .
So much so that he p l aced it in the Appendix of
Congr e s s ional Re cord .
Ha t haway commen t e d :
of our
the
of
tr e a tmen t of
fate
Sunday Te le gram s erve s
r emai ns un f i l l e d .
i n j u s t ic e
d orman t
in y e t
my co l l e ague s .
r a t iona l i zing ,
do cumen t a tion
to r emind u s
The
l e t t er
to
the e d i tor
of an ob l igat ion which y e t
Never b e fore have I re ad s u c h a po ignan t remind er o f the
inf l i c t e d upon
1 1 In ho p e s
hi8 t9ty 1 s
: i r a t wi t ho u t p a in can ue r e ad
Pleas
the
the Ame r i can Ind ian - and we ar e prone to r a t iona l i ze that
o f a free nat ion d emand ed some s a cr i f ic e .
t he Ma ine
r ead s
He wa s e s pe c ia l ly t ouched
t ha t
the s e
forgo t ten American s .
i t w i l l arouse
too many Ame r i c an s ,
'1
t he he ar t s tr ings o f u.ud e r s t and ing ly ing
I commend thi s l e t t er to the at t e n t ion o f
Then , ma y w e g e t o n w i t h t h e t a s k c, f r e pair ing , ra ther t han
Ame r ica ' •
in the s t ruc tur e of the Ame r i c an dream .
t he we akne s s e s
fu t ur e d e p end s upon i t • 1 •
1 1 110 LAZIER TIIAl:I OTHER S ' :
To
t he Ed i t or :
I a m wr i t ing y o u t o expr e s s my o p inion on t h e i n t e rview Ke n t Hard had
F ir s t of a l l , I am a Pencb·
( Se e Page 1 1 - 1 2 , t h i s i s s ue . )
w i t h R aymond Moor e .
s co t
Ind i an now l iv in g in 3 ar Harbor and haL e b e en for
12 years .
that the Hai n e Ind ian s have b e e n any laz i er than any ot he r
I agr e e wi th Mr . I'1oore tha t
� e op l e , b l ack or whi t e , due to w e l fare pro grams .
t he a s s i s t an c e s hou ld b e f o r the o ld e r peop l e and tho s e who are unaL le to work
I don ' t b e l i eve
p hy s i c a l ly .
I a l s o agr e e
un empl oyme n t .
t ha t
the re
are
!nd ian men
I a l s o know you have
t o :work
and 40 y e ar s of age co l l e c t ing
so much b e f o r e you can be en t i t l ed
16
t o dr aw unemp loymen t .
1 794
Mr . Moore men t ioned s ome th ing about the s u i t
a c hu s e t t s ,
charg ing v io l a t ion
of
the
of
$ 1 50
t r e a ty wi t h the
mi l l ion agains t Mas s •
Pas s amaquoddy Ind ian s .
l ike t o know f o r my s e l f wha t b e came 0 f $ 5 0 , 000 'he S t a te o f Maine paid
4 Town s h i p s men t ion e d in the June 1 0 , 1833 t r e a ty and the
i n t e re s t , r e ckoning f r om the d a t e there o f, that was depo s i t ed in the S ta te Treas •
I wou ld
for
ury
t he pur c t- a s e of
4/19/68)
�(17 )
LI '!:'':":'LE rnD IAP G IRL CAUSES L IG
7ROUI LE
b y Ha l Humphrey
HOLLYWOOD - Buf fy S a i n t e -Marie , the f o l k s i nger and a spr ig of a g ir l ,
s in g l e ha nd e d ly up s e t a long - s t anding Ho l lywood t r ad i t i o n .
A Cr e e Ind i a n
he r s e l f , s he i n s i s t e d when h i r e d t o ac t in an
e p i sode o f " The Virg i n i an 1 1 t h a t
ha s
all
5 0 o t her Ind i an par t s
in i t be c a s t wi th r e a l Ind i an s t o o .
Thi s wa s an unheard - o f r e que s t , b e cau s e i t i s a we l l -known f a c t in f i lm
c ir c l e s h e r e tha t r e a l Ind i an s never p l ay Ind i a n s in we s t er n s .
The S cr e e n
Ex t r a s Gui l d ha s a l arge a s s or tmen t o f Mex i can s , I t a l i a n s and mix t u r e s . who pa s s
a s Ind i an s i n a l l mov i e s and TV .
Even D enny Rub in , the Jewi s h come d i an , ha s
p l ay ed
an
Ind i an .
The on ly ex c e p t ion
to t h i s Ho l l ywood ru l e i s Jay S i lverhe e l s , the Mohawk
I n d i an ·who p la ye d Ton t o in the " Lone R ang e r " for many s e a s o n s .
Jay , i n c i d e n t
a l l y , ha s an In d i an Ac t or s Horkshop , b u t ha s had t roub l e g e t t in g h i s gradu a t e s
i n t o t h e gu i l d
s o t h e y can f ind work .
" They a lway s u s e t he ex cu s e t h a t r e a l Ind i an s can ' t be found , " s a y s Ni s s
S a in t e -Mar t e , " b u t I have mad e i t s o they cann o t s ay tha t any mor e .
Do you
know ther e ar e 20 , 000 Ind i an s in the Lo s Ange l e s ar e a , r e pre s e n t i n g 1 1 ::> d i f
ferent
tr ib e s ? "
Thi s who l e mag i l l a b e gan when Jo e l Rogo s in , produ cer of ' ' The V i r g i n ian , "
spo t t e d Mi s s S a i n t e -Mar i e on Johnny Car son ' s show and d e c ided she wou l d make a
g o o d a c tr e s s for a s t ory he had abou t an Ind i an gir l whom the G r a i n g er f ami ly
i n " The Vir g in i an " s e nd s t o s choo l for an ec u c a t i on , then b r in g s b a ck to t h e
re s erva t ion
t he
40 or
agr e e d ,
Rogo s i n wa s a
the
smi l ing .
ignor an c e
fact
surpr i s e d ,
bu t agreed
f i l le d w i t h r e a l
to he r r e qu e s t
tha t
Ind i an s .
l ive
He
n o t know i ng ho � tough i t wou ld be .
" I g ue s s
t 4ar i e ,
lit tle
50 o ther In ian ro l e s a l s o be
and
agen t s
and
the
gu i l d gave h im troub l e , 1 1
" I t ' s b e en exp ed i e n cy and pr e s sur e
in s en s i t iv i ty ,
tha t ' s k e p t
Ind i a n s
t h e y don ' t know hou lou s y t h e o t her a c t or s
For
a
l e ad in g man t o p l ay oppo s i t e Mi s s
Dav i d Carrad i ne ,
f i rmly .
who
is
supp o s ed
s ay s Mi s s
S ai n t e
from t h e age n c i e s ,
from a c t ing .
plus
�ha t and
the
are whe n t h e y t r y t o p l ay Ind i an s . '
S ai n t e -Mar i e ,
t o b e one - e i g h t h Ind i an ,
Rogo s in
bu t
sug&e s t e d
s he demurr e d
E v e n Har r y ;• e l afon t e , a f r i end o f Mi s s Sain t e -Mar i e , wou l d n o t d o
11
to anyway ,
s he s ay s ) , so f in a l l y Ued Romero wa s cho s e n .
( ' He wou l d n ' t wan t
He
i s mo s t l y B ! a ckf o o t .
Af ter a band o f · r e a l
t ed
t he y b e
i an .
( Even r e a l
ac c omp l i shed wa s
the
S ho shone
a ch&nge
' �h a t
s he wou l d
l e ar n ed wh i l e
thi s
to
get
un
the ma t
; 1 The
is
as
t ime ,
felt
she h a s
is
b e c au s e
S ain t e -Mar i e .
as
a t Un ive r s a l
happy as
script ,
to
t he
the
a c h ie�ed
says
this
to
t he
i an , "
and ac t ing
in
t e a ch her peo p l e wha t
change
bud g e t .
She
the
script ,
S ai n t e -Mar i e .
or any t h i n g e l s e ,
Mi s s
s in g s
S a i n t e -Mar i e
Ind i an pr o t e s t
fa l l
is
in
c a l l ed
the m� en
songs
As
pro o f
t a l en t s
o n l y par t of i t .
in h e r
"P� t' P r c:ht t..-o . 'F l p
to
con
�hey wi l l
the d i f fe r e n c e b e tween r e a l Ind i an s
in
n 1'he V i rg i n i an "
of hou s e r i o u s
Mi s s
she
S a in t e -Ma r i e ha s
Ti m P r .
/1 / ? � / (... A .,,.
i s a real
i s ab ou t
Ind
t h i s bu s
turned d own -par t s
f i lms b e c au s e n o o t her genuine Ind i an s were go ing
(From t- h e S t' .
s he
the whi t e man
comp l e t ed b e fo r e he wa s
have und r e ame d -o f
f i lms
b e c au s e eve r y Ind i an
l e t t in g Ind ian s p l ay Ind i an s ,
4 f e atur e
Ind -
S a i n t e -Mar i e
1V show i s the f ir s t t ime she ha s r e a l ly
s how i s o n t h e air next
Ho l lywood kind ,
s ay s Mi s s
ine s s o f
in
this
in s i s
t he
s ome t h i n g f or her peop l e .
tribut e t o o ur s o c ie t y ,
s e e when
to
c a l l ed ,
1 1 The pub l i c d o e sn ' t know t ha t °Ind ians
and
t h in g Mi s s
s he doe s n o t b e l i eve wha t
any Ind i an can b e .
but
�he nex t
see s
t h e r e s erva t i on .
try ing
episode i s
exp l a i n
S a i n t e -Mar i e, then
wh i ch orig ina l ly had h e r o f f e nd e d b y
came b ack t o
a f r a i d of
Mi s s
the way Ho l lywood u su a l ly
i s u s ed . )
Rogo s in was r e � dy
Her i t ag e ·, "
co l c e r t reper t o i r e ,
she
s choo l ,
exp l a i n s Mi s s
By ·
t ime
away a t
be
l an guage
in t h e
f i l t h a n d pove r ty when
t e ache s , "
Ind i an s wa s a s s emb l ed ,
c o s tume d p e r f e c t ly and no t
t o b e emp lo ye d .
c:, 1-. T"' i +- +- "' ,..t
\-. .. ?
..
... ...
., rt ,... ...
\
�( 18 )
MOHAWK IND IANS H I N A PROMI SE OF B ILL GIV IITG
by Homer B igar t
THEN S C HOOL VOTE
HOGANSBURG , N . Y . , Apr i l . 26 - The 2 , 2 2 2 S t . Reg i s Mohawks who l ive in a
sma l l r e s erva t ion on the Canad i an fron tier a l ong the south b ank of the S t . Law
rence River , s e em abo u t to s c ore a landmark v i c tory in the l ong s t rugg l e o f
New Y o r k S t a t e Ind i ans f o r a b a s i c c iv i l r i gh t .
Ye s t e rd ay , a f t e r a s cho o l b oyco t t tha t b e g an Mond ay , the Ind i ans extracted
from s t a t e o f f i c i a l s a promi s e o f leg i s l a t i on , g iving them for the fir s t t ime
the r ight to vo t e in s c ho o l bo ard e l e c t io n s .
At pre s en t , none of the 1 5 , 000
Ind i an s l iv ing on n ine re s erva t ions in the s ta t e have any - vo ice in the running
o f s cho o l s .
At
the c l o s e o f a long me e t ing wi th trib a l chi e f s and pare n t s , John R .
s t a t e coord inator o f Ind ian Affair s , ind i ca t ed he wou ld suppor t the
e nab l ing l e g i s l a t i on .
As s emb lyman G l enn H . Harr i s , Repub l i can o f Canada Lake ,
promi s ed the Ind i an s he wou ld d r a f t the b i l l immedi a t e ly .
I t took a l l day for the S t a t e De p t . of Educat ion to d e termine whe ther
the pr opo s ed b i l l wou ld run afoul of any trea ty agreeme n t s with the Mohawks .
Ha thorn ,
At 5 P . M. , Lou He l s h , coun s e l for the educat ion depa r tment ,
Albany tha t the b i l l wa s l e g a l • • • •
The Ind ians want s ome th ing more
t io n s ,
of
the
ac cord ing to Chi e f John A .
site
than par t : c i p a t ion in s cho o l board e l e c
Cook .
the new add i t ion to
for
t e l e phonec from
They wan t a vo ice i n the s e l e c t ion
They want
the Sa lmon Rive r Central S cho o l .
more empha s i s on En g l i s h .
They want b e t t e r t e acher s and an improved curricu lum.
And they wan t a de - e s c a l a t i on of phy s i c a l training .
s pend 40 minu t e s every s cho o l d ay in the gym , " comp l a ined Mr s .
" Our kid s
" They d on ' t need i t ; they l ive in
Whi te ( chairman of the pro t e s t commi t t e e ) .
• • •
the country .
They ough t to s pend more t ime improving the ir vocabulary . 1 1
Ou t s ide ,
ab out
20 adu l t Ind ians in coa t s and windbre ake r s
formed a p icket
l ine .
Why
They carr ied s igns tha t r e ad : " They t e a =h d emo cr acy in s cho o l .
don ' t they apply i t to Ind ians ? 1 1
" B e t t e r admin i s trat ion ; be t t er superv i s ion"
and " Indians w i l l go on warpath for our chi ldre n . "
c au s e the boyc o t t wa s t o t a l ly e f f e c t ive .
The p i cke t
l in e was
The s cho o l wa s c l o sed be
in i t s e l f a r are phenomenon ,
the ch i e f repor ted .
"We
The
have never b e fore had a demon s t r a t ion , le t a l one a b oy co t t , 1 1 he s a id .
Mohawks , he s � i d , are no t ab l y con serva t ive , pa t r io t i c and i n c l ined to be hawkish
on the V i e t nam war •
among Mohawks i s
• • •
lower
He s poke proud ly tod ay o f the fac t tha t unemployme n t
than the preva i l ing j ob le s s r a t e in
commun i t ie s o f f
the r e s erva t i on , and no t e d t h a t s ome 2 5 0 t r i b a l member s were working throughout
the coun try as s truc tur a l s t e e l worker s .
(From t h e New York Time s , 4 / 2 7 / 6 8 - submi t t ed by a r e ader . )
INDIAN BABY NAMED A T R I TUAL
In an anc i e n t Narragan s e t t Ind ian ceremony , which inc l ud ed smoke r i tua l s
t o ward o f f ev i l s p ir i !: s , Chr i s topher Weeden , four w e e k s o ld , wa s named i :wise
3pe�ker • i ye s t erd ay at the Toma quag Ind i an Mu s eum , Hopkinton .
The s o n of Ta l l Oak of the Narragan s e t t Tr ib e and Camme tah of the Cape
Cod Wampanoag Tr ib e , o therw i s e known a s Mr . and Mr s . Evere t t G . Heeden of
Char l e s town , wa s the main a t trac t ion a t the ri tua l s which fo l lowed the annual
About 200 pa l e fa c e s wi tne s s ed a number
cor n p l an t ing cer emony at t he mus eum .
of Indian d an c e s • • • whi ch were performed by member s of 9 t r ib e s .
Par t i c ip a t ing were the Ma lacee t , S chato coke , Wynd o t te , Fampano ag , Pequo t ,
Ta l l Oak d id the chan t ing
Nava j o , Mohawk , Moh i c an and Narragan s e t t tribe s .
Pri nc e s s Red Wing of the Narr agan s e t t Tr ib e , who l ive s at the
for the d an c e s .
museum and is care t aker there for the Nor theas t Ame r i c an Ind i an Coun c i l , said • • •
t he pub l i c i s always we l c ome to a t t end cer emon i e s at the mu s eum.
(Fr.orn thP. P,.. ovi d Pn C P . J L T n • • Tou rn a L C, / n / hfl,\
�(19)
OLAR SHIPS
COLBY TO AID IND IANS GE T SCH
AUGUS TA (AP) - Colby Co l lege has promi sed
: 1 s p e c i a l con s ider a t i on " for
s cho l a r s h i p a id to any Maine Ind ian
boy or g ir l recommend e d by the Depar tme n t
o f Ind i an A f f a ir s , Commi s s ioner Edward
c . Hinckley s a id Thur sday .
Hinckley s a i d he ha s b e e n c anvas s ing the
co l lege s try ing to g e t s uch
he lp for qua l i f i ed Ind i an youth .
The S ta te B oard of Educa t ion has e s t ab l i s hed
a p o l icy o f acc e p t ing one aua l i f i e d
Maine Ind i an each y e ar a t e a ch o f the f ive
( s t a t e ) c o l l e g e s ( on a fu l
s cholar sh ip ) .
i
J . O . Ro s e n t ha l ,
Co lby ' s
a s s o c ia t e dean of s tuden t s , t o l d Hinc k l ey in a
co l lege would no t w i s h to s e t as ide fund s spec i f i c a l ly for one
group o f p e o p l e b e c au s e o f the d anger o f burd en ing
o t her fund s undu ly .
But
h e quo ted a po l ic y s t a teme n t that the finan c i a l a i d
commi t tee "wi l l b e mo s t
happy t o con s id e r for s cho lars hip any Maine Ind ian who mee t s
the academic qual
i f i c a t i o n s for ad� s s ion . 1 1
The s ta temen t con t inued : ' 'We are i n comp l e t e sympathy w i t h such a program
and wi l l g ive s pe c i a l cons iderat ion to any cand idate recommend e
d by the Off i c e
l e t t e r that
the
o f t h e Commi s s i on e r
need o f
• • • Th e
amoun t o f t h e f inanc ial a i d wi l l depend upon tte
cand id a t e up to a maximum of $3 � 600 per academi c year . "
the
(From the �anger Dai ly News ,
5/ 17/68)
ANTHROPOLOG I S T TO A IR POS S IB ILI TIE 8 OF
WRI TING PASSAMAQUODDY LANGUAGE
PR U!C F TGrl - A spoke sman for
announced Thur sday n ig t
the
at We s le yan Unive r s i ty , Midd le town ,
1st
at
oi t he
7 : 00
P . M.
Pa s s amaquodd i e s .
�1r s . Wi l l iam Kend a l l of
at
the
pub l i c me e t i ng
pro fe s s or of anthropo logy
Conn . , wi l l be
at Hood l and High S cho o l
program b o ard o f d ir e c t or s ,
o ther s
Pa s s amaquoddy Commun i ty Ac t ion program
that Dr . Hi l l ard �-! a lker ,
Pr ince t on ,
to d i s cu s s
the fea tured s p e ake r June
the h i s tory and
a memb �r o f t he
Ind ian Commun i ty Ac t ion
s aid Dr . Halker w i l l out l in e to Ind ians and al l
the po s s ib i l i t ie s of
Pa s s amaquoddy Ind i an language i n t o a mean ingfu l ,
turn ing
great Algo nquin Ind i an nat ion now exi s t ing as branch£ s
a l s o of
the
the ye t unwr i t t en
gramat i c a l ly -wr i t ten pat tern .
He a l s o w i l l review the h i s tory and cre a t ive cu l ture of
Virginia Po t t l e ,
language
Ind ian CAP b oard ,
the d e s cendan t s
of
of
the Abnaki t r i b e .
pointed out
that
t he
the mee t
ing wi l l b e he ld und er the s po n s o r s hi p o f Super in tend e n t o f S cho o l s Ozias B r igham .
She urged
t he pub l i c and e s pe c i a l ly
the paren t s of high s choo l age pup i l s
in
the
Pr in c e ton and Wood land area to a t tend and b e come be t t er in formed on Ind ian c u l
ture .
S h e a l s o sugge s t ed t h e informa t ional mee ting cculd he l p e a s e t h e trans i
t ion o f Pr ince ton High S cho o l
s tuden t s
in to
(B angor D a i ly New s ,
c�ming S e p t ember .
the Wo od land
s cho o l
s y s tem t h i s
5/ 13/68)
MA I NE IND IAN G IR L T O S TUDY LAW AT UNM
AUGUSTA
(AP)
b i ty o f Maine i s
- A 25 -year -o ld Penob s co t Ind ian woman gradua te of
the
S cho l a r s h i p Program in Law f o r Amer i can Ind i an s ,
sa
Old
Mond ay .
Mi s s Donna By e r s ,
Town , w i l l a t tend
S choo l
in Por t land and
of
U.
i n t en s ive npre - law ' :
She hop e s
Ni co la of
Ind ian I s land ,
17
a t the
t o e nro l l in the Univer s it y o f Ma ine Law
s p e c i a l i z e in Maine Ind i an law .
b e e n a re s iden t coun s e lo� at
o f Ind ian A f f a i >: s
seminar s tar t ing June
of M. , ma j or ing in po l i t i c a l s c ience ,
D e an Edward
the Maine . D e p t .
daugh t e r of Mr s . Alb e r ta R .
the
1Tniver s i ty o f New Mex ico .
t he
t he Univer �
f ir s t e a s t ern Ind ian a c c e p t e d i n a New Mex i co S pe c i a l
She i s a
1 965
gr adua.t�
and dur ing the pas t y ear ha s
the Po l and Spr ing Job Corps Center f or women .
� . Godfrey of
the
l aw s choo l
( Con t inue d on Page
t o ld Ind ian Affair s Commi s s ioner
20)
�( 20 )
(Con t inued from Page 1 9 )
Hi nckley that any Maine Ind ian comp le t ing the urn1 summer program
and a c c e p t e d by the U . of M. Law S cho o l wou ld- be r e commend ed for fu l l tui ti on
s cho l ar sh i p , Hinckle y s a i d .
Edward
C.
Mf g; l: y e r s wi l l be t he f ir s t eas t ern Ind ian to t ake par t in the UNM progr&11
s a id .
La s t y e ar , 18 app l i can t s from 13 t r ibe s were a c c e p t e d .
Nine were
e l i g ib l e for l aw s choo l admi s s i on and s eve n were admi t ted and now are regu lar
he
l aw s tuden t s .
( Bangor Dai ly News ,
5/ 2 1 / 68 )
..
:.� .. -. �':'
MAINE
IND IANS G E T WATER, SEWER AID
WAS H!t!G TON (AP) - Gran t s t o t a l ing $ 4 3 3 , 560 to he lp f inance cons truct ion
of w a t e r and s ewer f a c i l i t ie s for two commun i ti e s on the Pas s ama qu odd y Ind ian
r e s erva t ion s in Ma ine were announced Wedne sday by the Economic Deve lopment Ad
mini s tr a t ion .
A $ 2 8 3 , 9 6 0 gran t i s for expan s ion of the wa t er sy s tem and con s tru c tion
of a s ewer s y s tem and s ewage - t r e a tmen t fac i l i t ie s at P l e a s ant Po int .
A $ 14 9 , 600
gran t w i l l he l p bu i ld a water s y s tem , wa ter - tre atmen t faci l i t i e.s and sewP.r s at
Pe ter D ana Po in t .
(Lew i s t o n -Auburn Sun , t� / 1 8 / 6 8 )
NEWS F ROl1 HERE AND THERE
- S tephen E . Mi t che l l of Ind i an I s l and ,
Old Town , wa s e l e c t e d a nat ional
v i ce pr e s iden t in Kappa D e l t a Phi Fra t er n i ty d ur ing the Fratern i ty ' s annual
conven t io n in New York C i ty l a s t week .
Mi tche l l s erve s as vice pr e s ident o f
Lambd a Chap t e r at Hus son Co l l ege ; h e i s ed i tor of t h e s tudent newspaper , 1 1 The
Hu s s on Ledger , 1 1 and he i s s e c re t ary to the Dean o f Men .
He i s t he son of Mr .
and Mr s .
Theodore Norr i s Mi t che l l of Ind ian I s land .
- 75 -y e ar -o ld Pas s amaquoddy Le g i s l a t ive F e pre s e n t a t ive George Franc i s , o f
Pl e a s an t Po in t , h a s j o ined the Poor Pe o p l e· ' s March on Washing ton , and wa s met
in B o s t on on the f ir s t l e g of h i s j ourney by Rev . Ralph Abernathy of the SCLC .
Mi s s Deanna Fr an c i s , a Pa s s amaquoddy from Ple a s an t Po i n t who i s a s tud ent at
the Univer s i ty of Ma ine in Por t l and t a l ke d wi th V i ce Pr e s ident Hub ert H . HumphreJ
on h i s arr iva l in Aug u s ta on May 1 7 t h , t e l l ing him of the p l ight of her tr ibe .
Mi s s F r an c i s a l s o par t i c ip a t e d in a sympo s ium on Race Re la t ions in Maine , he ld
at Gorham S ta t e C o l l e g e on May 1 5 t h .
A Coa l i t ion of Amer i can Ind i an C i t i z e n s , wi th main o f f i ce s in Denver ,
ha s b e en organ i z ing Ind ian par t i c ipat ion - par t i cu lar ly among the we s t ern t:: ibea•
in the Poor Pe op l e ' s Campa ign on Has hing ton , 1 1re cogn i z ing tha t the growing revo l ·
u t i on o f p o o r peop l e. i s n o t a n i s sue o f race , c l a s s o r cul ture , bu t a mora l
i s s ue in the mo s t b a s i c s en s e - t he righ t of peop l e to l ive and to l ive how they
c ho o s e • 1 1
- Frankl in Wri gh t , a co lumn i s t for t he Por t land Evening Expre s s commenting
uport Maine ' s curren t f i ght f or o f f - s hore o i l exp l orat ion· r i ght s , made refe rence
'
111-Tou ldn t it be
to the Pa s s ama quoddy C l a ims Ca s e , now in Ma s s ac hus e t t s cour t :
s t range if Mai n e pushed t o v i c t ory on i t s crown char t e r c l a im and made a bundle
from t he o i l r e s erve s o f f i t s shor e , then had to pay a l l it made to s e t t l e the
argume n t w i th
the Ind i an s ?
•
•
•
If
B u t I have gr e a t conf idence , in po l i t i c ians .
the l e g i s l ature wou ld f ind some way of co l le c t •
( Por t l and Evening Expre s s , 5 / 2 / 6 8 )
Ind ians co t a l l tha t money ,
i n g b a c k taxe s for 1 5 0 y e ar s . 1 1
the
- S ho s hone Chi e f Herman S t . C l a ir , 6 7 , For t Washakie , Wind River Res erva•
has b e come the f ir s t Amer i can Ind i an in vryoming to b e appo inted
to the l o c a l draft b oard , fo l l owing an ord er b y S e l e c t ive Servi ce Ch i e f Lewis
B . He r s h�y t h a t repr e s en t a t ion b e provided f or memb e r s of minori ty gr oup s .
t i on , Wyoming ,
�MA rlE IND IAN NEW SLE TTER
Pine S tree t
Freepor t ,
Maine
0403 2
NEW SUB SCRI PTION POLICY
EFFECTIVE JANUARY
1 , 1 968
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Beginnin g in January , the fol lowing
sub s cr ip t ion rates wi l l be charged
for a 12-month sub scr ip t ion to the
MAI
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Ind ian
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FREE
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Non- Ind ian (Regular )
- $2 . 00/year
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(Cont r ibu cing) - $5 . 00/year
"
( Suppor t ing)
-$10. 00/year
(Life t ime)
-$50 . 00
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If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and send in the sub
scr ipt ion s l ip (below) W I TH the appro
priate amoun t .
Your subscr iption
wi l l b egin wi t h the next availab le
is sue after your sub s cript ion i s
received .
The addr e s s labe l s indicate the s tatus
of your sub scr ipt ion .
" I-F " means
" Indian-Fre e . "
The abbreviat ion of a
month (JAN) i s the t ime - nex t year your sub s cript ion fee wi l l again be
due .
� ill.! !Qr � !!!. ind ividual
expir at ion no t ice , .!2. � �!
_
- - � -..... - � � � � - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �
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wherever you
If you are
l ive , f i l l out and s end in the subscripti.on s U p (below) , ident i fy ing
your Tribe and enc lo sing NO money .
......... - � - - � � � � � - - - � � � - - - -� - - - � - - - � - - � - - - - - � - � -
I wou ld like to receive regular monthly i s sues of the Maine Ind ian News let ter:
NAME
--------�
.\DDRESS------( S treet, or Pos t Off ice Box)
DATE
NON-IND IAN__
INDIAN__
__
__
__
_
__
__
__
__
__
TRIBE_�-----AMOUNT ENCLOSED :
(Ci t y
S ta t e
$
_
_
_
_
_
Z I P Code )
Sub s cr ipt ion rat e s : Ind ian -0- ; Non-Indian - $2 (Regu lar) , $5 (Con tributing) ,
$ 10 ( Support ing) , $.50 ( Li fe time)
Send this s lip , with your sub scr ipt ion charge , if app l i cab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTER
Pine S tree t , Freepor t, Maine
_..
.. - - ---- .. - - .- ... -....- -..- .... .-..- - - - .... .-.-
04032
.
- - - - - � - _... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -.-... �......_.._,,.. ...._...._ . .. ... ....._. ___ _ ___ �
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D on ' t forge t your
ZIP
Code !
...... .........., _
�BULK
MA INE INDIAN NEW SLE TTER
Pine S tr e e t
04 0 3 2
Freepor t , Maine
U. S .
3 . 6 ¢ PAID
Freepor t , Maine
Pennit No . 3 3
ADDRE S S CORREC TION REQU E S TED
Colby Col lege L ibrary
Co lby Col leae
Waterv i l l e , Haine 04 90 1
JAJI
S PEC IAL S TATE -WIDE ELECTION
RATE
POSTAGE
REFERENDU?-! QUE S TION No .
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (May 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-05
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-460
-
https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/c10fb59ff1b1581d9f1861a96cccadff.pdf
6ef32e870f32dcc3d59ebe9e7ea0a23b
PDF Text
Text
JULY
I IDIAl S,
GEOr.GIA·P�CIFIC OK
1968
WOODS PACT
OODLAPD - Passamaquodd y Indians,
lineal descendants of i!orth America's
won the exclusive right to cut pulJn-7ood on a disputed-owne-1.:
sbip section of Indian Tot'1Ilship lands Friday.
�ut they assumed the burden of
holding up the production end of the log in return.
original '\'100dsmen,
A far-reaching agreement, uhich becomes valid if approved oy the Tribal
Councils at the Indian Township and Pleasant Point Reservations, was reached
at a meeting betueeo representatives of the Passamaquoddy tribe and top officers
of Georgia-Pacific Corporation at the paper company's Toodland mill.
11ie memorandum of understanding Has presented by :iaine Employment Security
Commission Chairman James Schoenthaler and approved by Georgia-Pacific General
i-;anager Eduard G. r ils n.
A rough draft of the memorandum had ·-een tentatively
approved oy the two
i. al groups follot· ing an earlier meeting on July 8th • • •
Formal acceptance of the agreement cy the two Tribal Councils will bring
to an end a dispute over cutting operations conducted
y a private contractor
employecl Ly Georgia-Pacific,
hich Legan June 4th.
The agreement, t1orked out
in detail at a July 12th meeting,
stipulates that Georgia-Pacific will move
the private contractor onto other company-owned lands and complete the harvest
operations uith Indian labor.
One Indian ,.10ods crew is currently employed by
the paper company on Indian trust lands, ,,ithin Indian Township.
Additional
Indian cre\1s
ill be assigned
or.· in the disputed-ownership section of the
Township as soon as they can be recruite' and trained.
HESC officials will sponsor the recruitment among the more than 600 resi
dents of the two reservations and
raining sessions will be conducted by exper
ienced woodsmen members of the tri" e.
A conventional woods cret·7 in the ,type
of operations nou Leing conducted ;..y the company consists of a &kidder operator
and two or more cutters equipped uith power saws.
Georgia-Pacific has agreed
to ma�e equipment available \Tithout cost to uoods crews not already so equipped,
during the train ing program.
�asic recruitment for the training program, which
aims at developing 3 additional all-Indian crews, will
e the responsibility
of the 2 Tribal Councils and the Passamaouoddy Community Action Program.
i
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Port and's Division of Indian Services has
agreed to attempt to t10r
out a cystem that will enable it to assist Indians in
the purchase of heavy equipment in the event that tribal members undertake pulp
wo
DIS Coordinator
cutting contracts on their oun behalf, for the company.
Louis Doyle said that his agency uould maintain an active interest in the train
ing
program, and' felt that it would materially assist both tri'·al members and
the company .
His feelings
ere strongly supported 1:.y G-P officials, wh<:> said their exper
ith the one all-Indian woods creu now at work had been most satisfactory.
company said it lould welcome Indian creus in the woods to relieve a critical
ience
(Continued on Page
2)
�(2)
(Continued from Page 1)
labor shortage.
�ut the company officials said a consistent supply of pulpwooa
is essential to mill operations and they reserve' the right to sulstitute non
Indian crews or crew mem1:.ers if production lagged below reasonahle limi.ts.
Maine Governor I'enneth i. Curtis said the proposed settlement "indicates
that all parties have shown flexibility and consideration of each other's points
·of view1' and that the· mutual accomodation has lfar reaching and favorable implic
ations for the economic growth of the tribe and the Georgia Pacific Corporation.=•
Intlian Tol-mship, some 18,000 acres of mostly forested land just north of
Princeton has belonged to the tribe nearly 200 years, by treaty with Massachusetts
and administration by Haine after 1820.
In the past century-and-a-half, since
liaine's statehood, however, the Haine legislature voted from time to time to dis
pose of some of the land and over the years Georgia-Pacific acquired deeds to
some 6500 acres.
The Indian Affairs Department said about 3400 acres are harvested by year
to-ye�r cutting of only mature trees.
·3100 disputed acres are under water and
another 1000 acres are privately held by others.
The t'ribe is claiming in cur
rent litigation, introduced into Massachusetts Superior Court on March 8th, that
the state had no right to dispose of this land,- and that it still belongs to the
Indians.
On the Lalance of the Township, harvesting is managed by the-state and
carried out by Georgia-Pacific with all-Indian crews, by long-standing agreement.
The company reim�urses the trite's trust fund for the timber so obtained.
Com
pany practice is to hire independent contractors to harvest the alienated lands
to which it holds title.
The dispute broke into the news about 2 weeks ago, after the Passamaquoddies
had protested the co�pany contractor's cutting practices on 3 lots of the alien•
ated lands the tribe says it otms.
On June 26th, tribal spokesmen said the com
pany had done nothing to correct the practices nor to hire Indian labor, as re
quested earlier.
They gave Georgia-�acific seven days to stop operations on
the disputed lots completely, or to hire only all-Indian crews for the contract.
Then, on July 4th, about 50 Indians stopped the cutting operations by non•
violent demonstrations on the site, and additional work stoppages were brought
·
on two more ,d ays.
The group uhich worked out the tentative final agreement included tndian
Affairs Commissioner Eduard c. Hincl�ley, and Division of Indian Services Coordin
ator Louis Doyle, in addition to I-Ir. Schoenthaler.
Passamaquoddy Governors
John Stevens and Joseph Mitchell, and Tribal member (and A.F .s c. fieldworker)
Wayne lJewell and other company and �msc officials participated in the afternoon
meeting on the 12th.
At the outbreak of the dispute, Governor Curtis directed the Attorney Gen
eral's office :1to proceed in any action 'tvhich can lead to a final court determin
Tribal spokesmen on the
ation of the legal ownership of the lots in question.
12th indicated that they did not wish the legal ownership question to be brought
before Maine cour-ts by the Attorney General, for fear that it would interfere
with the larger tribal claims case already introduced into court in Massachusetts.
'The t'ribe's eventual long-range goal relative to the forest resources of
Indian To�mship is to equip itself to manage these itself, hiring or obtaining
such technical help as may be necessary.
Indian Commissioner Hinckley supports
this goal, and has cited similar development-of forest resources by other Indian
tribes throughout the country, as precedents
•.
11
•
. PEi!OESCOT I1ET PEI:Io:CSCOT
when, on July 11th, 20 creH members· from the USS Penobscot, a Lavy ocean tug,
Lt. Richard Culbertson, commander pf the
met their namesal·es on Indian Island.
Castine, explaineG that all Navy tugs are named for
vessel, currently moored at
A t-blood Oklahoma Cherokee is Hospital Nate on the
American Indian tribes.
Not-1 the question is - l-Yhere is the USS Passamaquoddy?
ship.
�- 3 E D
I T
0
R
I A L S
TRE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
EDITOR:
( Mrs. ) Eugenia T. Thompson
( P enobsco t )
News
and stories may be submitted to the Newslett
�r
at any of the f oll ow i ng ad d ress
es i
Maine
42
Indian New slett e r
Lib erty Street, Gardine�,
for publication
Morris Brooks
Maine 04345
Indian Township
Princeton,
Mary
Yarrual
Pleasant
Perry,
On Human
Carol Dana
Poi.nt Reservation
Maine
Ma � e 04668
Indian
04667
Island
Old To wn,
Maine 04468
Rights.
Human rights a.re e q u a l ri gh ts b eq u e ath ed to every new born the
right to be born, the right to be tau ght, the ri2ht to be tended to,
And ihen the ne1born became adult he has a ri ght to give birthand to
safe guard that birth with food, clothing, shelter, comfort.
He s a fegu ards
his ne 11born · 1ith the knowledge that within his culture, he accepts or
a d opts or abolishes
aws,
ordi nances,
charters and declarations.
Unfortunately wi +bin his culture, there <...re those �ho believe in
dist rib uti ng these rights, forsaking the insi'lt, in st in ct , the voice
.
within to consider a part of hu.uanity those who do not love his neighb or
as he loves his own self.
I often meet and talk with those neighbo r s who often propose that
to assimilate the IndiE.ns aud aboliwh the reserva
the best thing would be
t i ons.
To partake of humanity,
your
group,
one 111ust be
If-you do not then it is your own fault.
is
a
U1ea.1b�r.
You as a men1ber of
understand t h e rights and re�ponsi bilities of .Jewb�rship.
wrong in your procedure or proposals,
If you feel that so�ething
t_hen you 1ilu0t exercise your h Uiilan
ri ·ht to right che wrong.
·rhere are acceptable ways of makin.'� h u u1a ni ty
nnrl.P.rct.. nd and adjust the wrongs.
y People
have suffered
1any wrongs,
such as
treaty tra mpl in g
broken bequeaths,
pr oL1ises
promises,
killing,
burning
scalping,
hun ger,
pr e j u d i c e ,
It
polluting,
un eL1ployru en t
i ndef ; er c n c e.
is r e c e ntly that history has righte d ii'any huli1<:.m mistakes.
usi�g fu ll lileasure the proper and leg al pr oceedure.
But
we do n ot wish to
enslave a nat ion , murder a man, plunder the L.:.nd or march in numbers.
onl
y wish to serve in ascertaining our human rights, a b ol i s hin g
We
inequ it ies and erasing the iniquities of American history.
tie are now going to
sewarage facilities,
these r iehts to us.
promise� that need
live in adequate houses,
etc.,
have plufilbing facilities,
because our neig hbors have sought to bequeath
We are going to live again - but we have
a
few more
f ill ing - but we have been here lo n ger than you and
I expect we'll be around for some time to come - p e rh aps long enough to
witness t he
fulfilment of these promises.
END
�4
L E T
T
R S
E
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
We are sorry you have left this area but glad that you seem
happy
to be back where you once lived.
The cup of coffee invitation may just
be accepted by us it hath such a cheery and welcoming sound1
During the last part of 'June when sweetgrass begins to shine and
were living back in Eastport, Mitchell Francis 98 years old �as
taken
to the Eastport hospital•
Mitchell Francis Passamaquoddy, looked
up into the faces of those who were his family.
Recognizing them he
we
�
sm led then looked towards a window and as if seeing things remembered
wh ispered to those present, "I would like to walk in sweetgrass once
more."
j
Soon after at nine O'clock that night,
those who loved him.
Mitchell Francis quietly left
I went to the funeral at Pleasant Point.
The only other wbitewen I
saw were two undertakers.
The priest rematked to the congregation that
this funeral service would be the last in which their priest would wear
black vestments.
Henceforth the priest would be vested in purple for a
funeral •
•
•
The service beneath the colored glass windows topped, each one,
by colored glass thunderbird,
was soon over.
black vestments for'the last time.
I did not
The
priest took off the
00 to the burying ground.
Instead I went to where I first met -dtchell Francis at the sea meadow
where the sweetgrass is never still.
wise
Afterwards back.in Eastport
I found none who were aware that a
patriaFch had left the living.
the excitement of weddings,
ical events
Mitchell
Soon
In the newspapers to ·follow with
4th of
I
I felt as thou&h in all the
forked,
passing of
frustrated world
was the only one who felt and knew this vrnnderful old
after
and
,
July announcehl.ents and histor
I saw no notice or news-events or obituary of the
Francis.
of whi·teman
births,
quite by remarkable accident
I took a
Indian.
girl with the
Indian ancestry clear and sweet in her veins to pick her
fifst sweetgrass near the ancient IndiFn village of Sebaik. (Pleasant
She unhesitatinPly found and picked a
Point )
It was her first visit.
proud blood of
/hen we had finished picking I said to
her," there is a legend of a sweetgrass man blowing here ±n the sweet
fragrant swag of sweetgrass.
grass •
•
•
Now there will be a legend of a sweet grass girl f ;i
Instead of laughing she said
what
quietly,
"I
feel here in the sweetgraas
I am supposed to feel in church."
I felt that 1·iitchell
Francis heard and understood.
Sincerely,
A.E .r:c Innis
P.S.
Steinet • • Very topical and hits
• Stan
do most good---realization by white Jmerica
fresh new wind blowing in this land for the Indian • • •
Am reading TfJ.E NE
1
INDTli.N •
terrific punch where shoulrl
that there is a
(Letters continued on page
7)
�� -
-
FIFTH ANNUAL INDIHN
PENOBSCOT INDIANS
PAGEANT
"IN
TH E BEGINNING, there was nothing and Ketch-in-wesk, the
said, 'To fill this great void of darkness, I will
create the sun, the moon, and the stars, to en j oy all that I
11
have done, I will create man.'
Great Spirit,
•
•
•
•
gain the public is invited
Penobscot Indian.
T he tribe is
to beat the tom-tom to
This will
27,
DATE:
July
TIME:
2
PLACE:
Indian
P•
Admission:
4
P•
•
•
•
•
but
very
You
•
•
•
•
creation of
the first
donning their feathers .::i.nd preparing
l be presen�ed
as
in
a
the Passamaq uodd y
n at ural background.
e ach d a y .
I1aine.
.75.
Ann's
Follovling the PAGBANT
the island.
•
to watch the
al
The proceeds will benefit St.
on
•
•
$1.00.
Children:
SUGGESTION:
•
for such tribes
Old Town,
Island,
Adults
•
28.
and
and
•
•
Chiefs will be fe at ure d , since Indian
A Council of visitin g
aliseet.
•
the Green Corn Dan c e , i'fedding Dance and u1any
Island was a central location
and
•
•
set t.he stage for specialty, dances, along
with such group dances as
others.
•
Ch urch on Indian Island.
pay
1ill find the hand
well construct ed.
a
visit to one
of
the Indian stores
made goods are inexpeBsive
Even if you purchase
nothing you
will enjoy
the walk and will see many interesting arti fact s .
Be Slire and talk to sor.ie of the Indians.
friendly
thP
r.hi. 111.L·
eo()(}
t.j
'·
ill find
theLl
and interesting.
Take
You
�u,
h1·i
nr:
lrlPr
t:h0
f o] ks,
me.
__
pj_
rtnd
come yourself
an d
have
a
�f !lAf@�-6�
c@ u
ff AJ:G rt:�N U
'
From Old Town ,
head
right ,
Indian
at the
You can't miss it.
DA/V'CE5
the
S
We'll
0
A/ G- 5
Indian
Island
north and
Island bridge.
just watch for
sign.
see you thereJ
-in Penobscot.
SIDRf £.S
In
centuries
Indians held
past,
the Penobscot
similar ceremonies followini
all important events,
f ooo
turn
such as the
signing of treaties nith
following a harvest,
or
good friends dropped in.
the �':nglish,
just when
(The
Passamaquod3y,for instance.)
�7 Continued from page 4)
(Letters,
Dear Mr.
and
Virs.
now
Well,
Thompson:
busy season is nearly over and things have settled
time to write you.
I've forgotten who wanted the ash wood - Gov. Stevens or Gov.
litchell.
Could you plea.e tell me uhich on� and if he still needs it?
If the tribe h2S so me available land, I think we
could grow some trees maybe even enough to keep up viith the demand of making baskets, etc.
. . ..
down
to normal,
that our
I've got
•
•
•
Yours truly,
Mary, Jerry and Christopher Goodall
(Editor's note:
Jerry is the President of Goodall Tree Expert Co., Inc.
25 Gray R oad , Portland, Maine 04105.
He is quite interesteJ in the
Indians livin g in Maine, especially the Passafilaquoddy.
Some time ago
e talked to Jerry about the three Reservations and he helped put the
Newsletter together one month.
We told Jerry of the Indian's need for
ash wood and asked if he thought they could start a program to raise
some ash trees of their own for future needs.
We realize there may be
a problem of obtaining land for the program if the Pas.sawaquod .. y are
interested in setting one up, sonce it seems that every one except the
Indians themselves have leases to the land. (Some of these le&ses are
said to be 999 year leases which later sorue how turned into warranty
Deeds, but t�at is another story.) de will be talking to the Indian
Governors further about this . ) ·
Dear Eugenia:
We have a Neighborhood Youth Corp here at the Point, (Peter Dana
Point) but we are in dire need of tools to work with.
Our Commissioner of
India n Affairs has refused to help us.
I asked him for rakes and a
lawn mower, but he told me that the money.for the tools is not av.ai lable.
We are trying to beautify the two Reservations, but are-hampered by
the lack of working materials and other expenses such as money for
There
tran spo rtation and if we get a lawn mow·er we will need gas for it.
are no appropriations for this.
I would like to know of any men's or Women's organizations that
could help me with my problem.
Besides rakes and a lawn mower other materiE
can be used.
If there is any way in which you can help I would appreciate
hearing f rom you.
The program ends August 9th.
Sincerely yours,
Morris Brooks
Passaraaquoddy Tribal Councili.;1an
Peter Dana Point
Princeton, �mine
x
x
x x x x x x x
FR011 ·run PAGES OF HISTORY:
Wounded Knee .Nassacre
By
Black Elk
dry gulch, and what we saw was terrible.. Dead
women and children and little babies were scattered
'vVe followed down the
a nd wounded
all
al0ng
( Indian)
here they
w
The so ldie r s h;::Hl
them
in
there.
(Continued on
page 7)
had been trying to run away.
fo1 l nwc<l
A.1.o.ng
the briillch,
AS
t.hey
ran,
and murdered
�8 (Wounded Knee Massacre, continued from page 7)
Sometimes they were in heaps because they had hudJled together, and
some were scattered all along . Sometiaes bunches of them had been killed
and torn to pieces where the wagon guns hit them.
I saw a little baby
trying to suck its mother, but she was bloody and dead.
When we drove the soldiers bnck, they dug themselves in, and we were
not enough people to drive them out froru there.
In the evening they
marched off up Wounded Knee Creek, and then we saw all that they h�d
done there,
Men and women and children were heaped and scattered all over the
flat at the bottom of the little hill 1here the soldiers had their wagon
guns, and westward up the dry gulch all the way to the high ridge, the dead
woman and children and babies were scattered
This is the way it was:
The women. and children ran into the gulch and up the vest, dropping all
the time, for the soldiers shot them as they ran.
There were only about a
hundred warriors and there were nearly five hundred soldiers.
The Warriors rushed to where they had piled their guns and knives
(previously) .
They fought s�ldiers with only their hands until they got
their guns.
It was a good winter day when all this happened . The sun
was shining.
But after the soldiers Llarched auay from their dirty work,
a heavy snow began to fall. The wind came up in the night . There was a
big blizza�d, amd it grew very cold .
The snow drifted deep in the crooked gulch ctnd it !1as orie long grave
of butchered women and children and babies, nho had never done any harm and
were only trying to run away .
(From Rosebud Sioux Herald, July 1, 1968, p. 6)
·
• .
•
• •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
L'II:: YOU -G."!CY
THAT
- Frank Allen offered1 to buy an acre of land from· any of the five mem
bers of the Indian Claims Commission for $1.10?
He had already been turned
down Ly President .J0hnson 't·1hen he made the same offer for a pa:-t of the LBJ�
Banch.
Allen,
a Stillaguamish Indian from '.-J.ashington State, 't1ho is a leader
in the Poor- Pe opi e '·s Campaign, does not think the rejections are fair..
After
all, he argues , $ 1. 10 an acre is the recent offer the U. S. Government made
to his tribe for the 58,600 acres it took from them in the 19th Century!
- Red Sox r ookie outf"ieldei Joe Lahoud is part Penotscot Indian and
hunts every year ·with friends in Piscataquis County, where his grandmother
still resides?..
·
- Henry- Socl·a1eson III, 17-year old son of Mrs. Clarice �omer Sockabeson,
and� senior at John �apst,
Horkshop in the HuT!lanities,
is a student this summer at· the 6-ueek Grove Farm
in Rumford, He.?
The �mrkshop is in its 7th year�
with pro g r aas in literature, music, history and drama.
MacNichol named Assistant Chief Atto�ney
PINE TREE LEGAL ASSISTANCE, INC.
The Board of Directors of Pine Tree Legal Assistance, In.c. at its
regular quarterly meeting in Augusta last Wednesday, unanifilously aprroved
the apiointment of Alexander A. MacNichol of Cape Elizabeth as Assist�nt
Chief Attorney for the organization . Pending the .selection of a permanent
replacement for Charles w. Tenney who resigned as Chief Attorney in
April to accept a post at Northeastern University in Boston, the Board
Pine
also approved selection of MacNichol Ra Acting Chief Attorney.
(Continued on page 9)
�9 (MacNichol,
Continued from page
.
8)
Tree Legal Assistance, Inc. i s Maine's
OEO-funded, st�te.1ide legal services
program serving l�w income indivi
duals.
It has area offices in eight
cities throughout the state.
In other action, the Pine Tree Board also
approved unanimously the
appointment of Donald F. Fontaine as
Law Student Coordinator.
His duties
will include not only supervising
the work of a contingent of University
of Maine law st u dents, but also
the coordination of all test case and
law reform matters by the organizat
ion.
Pine Tree lawyers currently
are working on cases challenging
the ADC maximum budget and maxiLlum
grant limitat ions of the State
Department of Health and ,/elf are; the
imprisonment of an individual
for the "crime ii of chronic alcoholisru; the
ref usal of the Federal Social
Security Administration to grant �idow's
benefits to a common lu.w wife and the
"holder in due course" defense in
con tracts for consumer goods.
In the realm of law reform, Pine Tree is
�ons id e ri n g the problems of divorce legislation, body executions agniast
Judgment d e b t ors, housing code
enforcement, and the juvenile courts.
1' •
JacNich ol, a 1964 graduA.te of the University of Maine School of
Law, joined Pine Tree Legal �ssistance as a Staff Attorney in the Port
land Area Office in Lay, 1967
.
In January this year, he was appointed
Seni or Attorney for the Portland
Bffice and Acting Assistant Chief
Attorney.
Prior to joining the Pine Tree staff, MacNichol practiced lGw
in ,"'outh Portland.
He is a native of Eastpor�, r�aine.
Mr. Font aine is a 1967 graduate of the Georgetown University Law
Center.
Prior to law School, he served for two years with the Peace Corps
in Ghana.
Fontaine has served with Pine Tree Legal Assistcnce as a Staff
Attorney in Portland since the summer of 1967.
He is a native of Portland
here he resides with his bride of one month.
Outgoing Chief Attorney Tenney asked the Board of Directors to
ermit him additional time in
which to file his
final report to them.
He
indicated, however, that he would devote considerable attention in the
report to such matt�rs as the nature and extent of service actually
provided by Pine Tree lawyers, relations between the organization and
the bar of the state,
and possibilities for formal restructuring of
Tenney, who joined
the unit which is now uniforB throughout the state.
ine Tree Legal Assistance, Inc. as its first Chief Attorney in June,
1967,
leaves the state to become Dean of Northeastern University's
College of Criminal �lstice, a new venture designed to provide formal
acadP.mic t oin 'ng for law enforcement officers.
Poor ·People's Campaign
By James Scarboro
(The Coalition of American
Indian
Citizens)
WASilINGTON,
D.C.
- Four
Indians who have been active in the Poor
People's Campaign were among ·the nearly
�olice on Monday,
June 24,
300
persons arrested by WashinGton
while marching on the nation's capital building
to protest their eviction from Resurrection City.
The four, all members of the Coalition of American Indian Citizens,
1ere
jailed on a charge of unlawful assembly.
sou�ht arrest to dramatize eviction from
The marchers consciously
their Washington "home" and to
inaugurate what leaders call the second phase of the Poor People's Campaign1
the phase of civil disobedience.
This practice, which becawe popular du r i n 1
the Civil Rights Hovement' invol VGA the 1 ·'l.��fnl rH �oborH Pnce of laws to
draw attention to injusti�es.
(Continued on page
10)
�- �10 (Poor People, Continued from page 9)
The Indians arrested we re:
Mel Thom (Paiute) , Schurz, N�vada;
Victor Charlo (Flathead) , Arlee, Montana; .Hiss Tillie �valker (r.-1andan-Hidats
Denver, Colorado; and Miss Frieda ll/agnor (Pomo), Oakland, California .
The Poor People's Campaign has included people. from many rices
(Negro, Indian, Jviexican-American, Puerto Rican and ,/hite) and from time to
time has had as many as 150 Indian participants from tribes and reservation
throughout the country, representing sometimes harmonious and sometimes
diverse interests. The Indians have sought to ma.ke the country aware . that
Indian people are the poorest in the nation and those with perhaps the
least opportunity to live as they would choose to live .
Because the presence of the Indians in the campaign has not been
approved by the National Congress of American Indians, the participants
have made it clear that they represent only themsleves and others of like
mind.
But they have also made clear, notably to the Bureau of Indian
Affairs, their belief that neither tribal councils nor the National
Congress of American Indians has done a conscientious job of representing
Indian people.
While supporting the objectives of the Poor People's Campaign, the
Indians here have also worked on their own to make govern�ent agencies awar
of their particular problems.
They have demonstrated at the Bureau of Indi
Affairs, the Department of Justice, the Department of the Interior and
the Supreme Court and have presented detailed demands to governfilent
officials. Though the Indians have not been optimistic about the results
of their campaign, they plan to have a represe ntative in :1ashington
this summer to follow up on the many defilands and requests made during the
two filonths at Resurrection City.
They also plan to tell the story of their work here to other Indians
throughout the country in the hope of mustering support for what they
believe should be the common cause of all Indian people.
To partly accom
plish this purpose the Coalition of American Indian Citizens envisions pub
lishing a booklet describing the Washington campaign and how it might be
carried on in Indian communities.
The Coalition and presumably other
groups of Indians also·intend to maintain their alliance with the Poor Pe
Indians
People's Campaign and with whatever organization may replace it.
have discovered that such united action is more likely to make ."fashingto n
officials take notice of t�eir problems
. ..
Demands which the Coalition has made to the Dureau of Indian Affairs
include:
just compensation for land taken by the United States, the
creation of jobs and public worksprojects, conventions with tribes to re
affirm treaty obligations and to clarify ambiguities, , an end to
racism in federal agencies serving Indian peoples ahd the operation of
schools by Indian communities rather than by tribes .
•
.
x
x
x
x
Remarks of Senator Fannin regarding the National Congress of
American Indians not supporting the Poor People 1 s Hnrch . " • • • the National
Congress of American Indians, one of the most outstanding organizations
interested in the affairs of Indians, has voiced its opposition to the
Poor March in Washington and has courageously pointed out that without
definite realistic and achievable goals there can be little hope of
success. " Reprinted statement by the National Congress of American Indian<
(114 C .R. 98, S 6925-6926, June l0, , 1968)
June 3, 1968.
.
(Reprinted from American Indian Law Newsletter, The U. of New Mexico,
June 26, 1968, P• 5)
�- 11 -
REMNANTS OF NORRIDGE\"JOCK
Until his death in 1724, Fathe� Sebastian Rale lived and worked among
the Norridgewock Indians whose main village was in the
preJent Norridgewock
Madison area.
The village boarded the Kennebec River and thus were
sometifiles called Cannabas Indians.
They travelled along the river,
spending their summers nearer the coast and their
winters back at the Main
village.
The
setting of the village was at one of the most scenic points along
but all this was to come to an end because the English wanted
the land.
And �hen the English wanted Indian land they always ended up
getting it.
After negotiating several treaties and fighting in several
the river,
"-1ars",
the English finally reGorted to the only sure way they knew for
peace and maintaining it thereafter; this was to send in an
army and massacre all of the inhabitants.
Thus on Augu0t 23, 17 24
while the Indians were in church having Mass, the English swept down,
creating
burning the whole village and nearly every inhabitant.
The remnants
of the villagers who escaped went toindian Island to live with the
Penobscot tribe mostly, ¥rhile the remainder went to Canada to live, just
as the 1a1enock and Annasagunticook were to do just 20 to 25 years later.
This summer if you perchance find yourself in Portland,
to stop
at the IIaine Historical Society at
485
Haine besure
Congress Street where
on exhibit through Labor Day you will find many old relics of the
Kennebec area.
Included Father Rasle's strong box, his prayer book.and
the bell which �ent to his mission.
Valley published in England in 1755.
The exhibit
10 to
5
Also there is a map of the Kennebec
is free and the Historical Society museum
weekdays and from
THEN A PLEA.SANT DRIVE -
10
to noon on Saturday.
is opened from
·
Then to top the day off why not take a drive to
The directions are
see the area where the Indian village once stood.
easy:
First go to Norridgewock, then going north, turn right, on the
Madison Road (Routes 8 and 201A)
Then go about three miles and take a tarr
road on your left. (There is no sign to guide you so if you miss the turn,
just keep going until you come to the next tarred left which veers off
very sharply about 4 miles further down the road; no sign here either.)
After taking this turn you will come to an old Catholic Cemetary at the
very back of which is a monument depicting the place where the mission once
stood.
Less than a hundred yards further down the road you will cowe to
another stone monumentwith the following inscription:
Site of Norridge
Old Point monument
Indian Village destroyed by English in 1724.
wock
beyond commemorates the death of Father Rasles and Indians in massacre.
There are several logging roads nearby leading to the river bank,
Although the river cannot
also a beautiful pine grove picnic area.
be seen through the brush it is only a few feet into the woods.
and
It is best to visit the site on a beautiful day as then you will
be able to a:lmost sense how it was for the tribe to live in such a
beautiful area.
However, it might not be to your best interest to
take a
swim
in the same
or anything like that since the river.has not been kept
con�ition
as
he
trjbc
oncP
kept
itJ
�..
.....
·· -
-
.
-
- . -- . - .......
- 12 TOTEMS
T he figures or em�lems connected with the signatures of the Indians
in the language of the Algonquins, Totems; �nd are the dis
tinguishing marks or signs of the clans or tribes into which the various
nations are divided.
They are not the personal emplelils of the chiefs,
are called,
although
in signing treaties they employ then as their sign manual.
Each tribe or clan had its eLlblem, consisting of the figure of some
bird, beast, or reptile, and is distinguished by the name of the animal
which it has assumed as a device, as Wolf, Hawk, Tor�oise.
To different
totems, _says Parkman in his "Conspiracy of Pontiac,
degrees of rank and dignity; and those of the Bear,
the Wolf are among the first in honor.
Each man is prowd of his badge,
respect.
The
use of th�
the northern tribes;
totem
Mr.
jealously
11
attach different
the Tortoise,
asserting its claim to
prevailed among the southern,
Parkman says
and
that Mr.
as well as
Gallatin informed him,
that
he was told by the chief of a Choctaw deputation at �ashington, that in
their tribe w�re eight totemic clans, divided into t10 classes of four
each.
lr.
Parkman
stay of the
says
again,
in the work above cited,
which gave the structure its eiastic strength;
confederacy of
by
shocks
from
Iroquois must
irrespective
clans;
page
Iroquois polity was the system of totemshi,p.
9,
"But the main
It was this
and but fur this,
a mere
jealous and warlike tribes uust soon have been rent asunder
without,
or discord �rem within.
have formed an individual nation;
of their separation into tribes,
and the members of each
clan,
At sowe
for the
early
whole
period the
people,
consisted of eight totefilic
to what nation soever they belonged,
were mutually bound to one another by those close ties of fraternity which
mark this
singular institution.
Thus the five nations of the confederacy
were bound together by an eight-fold band;
remnants cling
TOO
LONG
and to this hour their slender
to one another with invincible tenacity."
PM
OVERPROTECTED:
Sectors of Canada's
Indian population hcve been overprotected for
Pririle Hinister Trudeau suggested to a riinnipeg meeting, May 24.
Speaking to some 1,000 dinnipeg business11en during his caLlpaign tour,
too long,
Nr.
Trudeau said
required
a
that
steps
toward full integration of the nation's
ilnecessary stage of protection,
11
Indians
but he also added that
"in many cases this stage has gone on for too long."
Mr. Trudeau dropped the suggestion during a question-and-answer
session with the local branch of the Canadian Club that swept briefly over
many of the key issues in the current election campaign.
in
He said the long-term aim of the government concerning the
should be geared to integration but not assiLlilation.
Indians
Canada
This involves,maintaining the autonomy and self-government of the
many bands for as long as is necessary to preserve Indian values and then
making sure that those values are integrated into society at large.
Although the prime minister made no specific rec01.u:.1endations, he in
may be time-at least in certain instances-to attempt to phase
programs of government protect.ion in order to promote n10re
dicated it
out many
extensive policies of integration.
( Indian
Record
(Canada)
June-July
x
REMINDER Maine
The
04345.
1968)
x
x
Newsletter's new a�dress is 42 Liberty Street,
stop in if you are in the area.
No phone yet.
Gardiner,
�JOIDJ <(OLLIER Is
VISION
by D Arey McNickle
John Collier,
fprmer U. s.
Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
in the little Roly Cross Hospital at Taos,
N.M.,
died on May 8
at the age of 84.
silences one of the civilized voices of a savage age.
His death
The fact that his long and productive life ended at Taos carries its own
poignancy,
for at Taos some forty-six years ago John Collier found his purpose.
The Taos Indians ·who sang by his bedside at the end were acknowledging that dis
covery,
thus completing the cycle.
As Commissioner,
during the years
1933-45,
years of depression and war,
Collier quite certainly rescued American Indians from the doom prepared for
them by generations of stupidity and venality fostered by government policies
and practices.
Indians will thus have the most immediate sense of loss in
Collier's passing.
Less immediate and less apparent is the loss of a social
critic of uncommon gifts.
For Collier, insight into Indian life gave access to "stupendous facts
within tiny dimensions11 about the con9ition of man in modern society.
That
was what first commanded his attention at Taos Pueblo in 1922, as he watched a
ceremonial dance.
Later he described how "a whole race of men, before my eyes,
passed into ecstasy through a willed discipline� splendid and fierce, yet struc
an objectively impassioned discipline which was a thousand years old.'
tural,
tJatching the dancers,
neither read nor tn-ite,
he realized:
"These were unsentimental men who could
poor men who lived by hard work,
men who were told every
day in all kinds of unsympathetic ways that all they believed in and cared for
had to die,
gods.11
and who never answered back.
For these men were at one with their
As he reflected on these and similar scenes in the years that carried him
deeper into tribal affairs,
it was borne in on Collier that Indians had retained
something that had disappeared from the lives of industrialized Westerners.
Urbanization had uprooted populations, destroyed neighborhoods,
impoverished
the relationship between generations, expanded enormously �uch escape devices
as commercialized recreation,
and favored the lowest con:mon denominators in
entertainment and mass communication.
wildered,
In all of this,
confronting ultimate destruction.
urbanized man stood be
That Indian societies coul<l survive in an environment so hostile to simple
folk values could only astonish a mind as sophisticated as his.
In spite of
oppression, contumely, appropriation of their wealth, even threats of extermin
ation through wars and pestilence, they had remained viable, keeping their lang
uages, their religions, their kinship systems and their self-views and world
views.
observed:
They had been adaptive and assimilative,
yet faithful to the past.
He
beauty in the human relationship,
happiness and amplitude of personality are not dependent on complexity of mater
ial culture or on that 'security' which in the world today has come to be a
"Intensity of life,
form in life,
controlling objective • • • • It is.hard for us, citizens of an age of giant external
power, to conceive that the human psychic and social values • • • • were not created
by ourselves.;:
(To be continued next month;
from The Nation,
6/3/68)
CHURCHES FORM DENTAL CLINIC FOR INDIANS
CALAIS - The Division of Indian S�rvices of the Diocese of Portland has
announced the establishment of a dental clinic at Calais Regional Hospital.
The
clinic, sponsored by the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee and the Diocese
(with the assistance of the Maine Dental Health D�vision and Dental Association)
will treat dental problems among Passamaquoddy Indian children.
Louis L. Doyle, co-ordinator of the Division of Indian Services, stated
(Con�inueo on Page 14)
�( 14 )
( Con ... inued from Page 13)
c l in i c wi l l g iv e f ir s t prior i ty to the treatmen t o f t h e d e n t a l pro� l ems
of Indian chi ldren and w i l l a l s o tr e a t Ind ian adu l t s if t ime permi ts .
i ::·!e hope the c l in i c wi l l lead even tua l ly to incr eased cien t a l fac i l i t ie s
f o r a l l peop l e i n t h e Ca l a i s ar e a , · 1 D oy l e s a id , : .bu t in the b e g inn ing � e can
t h a t the
offer
s erv i c e s on ly
Ska l ing dur ing
its
ty the 0 ta t e D e n t a l
to Ind ians •
Thomas
The c l inic wi l l b e dir e c ted by Dr .
. :
in i t i a l phas e s ,
( a s s i s t e d by
two Den tal
He a l th D iv i s ion . )
(o;'rom the ' angor Dai ly l ..e-os , 7 / 1 / 68 )
Hygien i s t s as s igned
C UP. TIS IJAL:ZS HUI JAP RIGHTS TASK F OI:C3
(AP)
AUGUS TA
. - Gov .
R i g h t s Nonday with D r .
Kenne th N .
J.
S t an ley
Cur t i s appo in t e d a Tas k Force on Human
Evan s o f r anger as
chairman .
' ' Of imme d i a t e concern to me , : : Cur t i s s a i d in a s ta t emen t ,
t he po s s iL i l i ty o f d i s cr imina t ion in r e a l e s t a t e tran s ac t i on s . : i
t a sk f o r c e
make
: . c and idly r epor t on
to
spe c i f i c r e c ommend a t ions
for
the
the fu l l enj oymen t of
10th .
he l d in Augu s t a on Ju ly
leg i s lative and
t io n s
to
in
the
the
task f or ce ,
s tate
•
•
•
admin i s t r a t ive ad opt ion . 1 1
l aws and pr ac t i c e s affe c t ing a l l 1-laine
The f ir s t me e t ing wi l l oe
the ir c iv i l r igh t s .
of var ious r a c i a l and r e l ig ious minor ity
The governor named r e pr e s en ta t ives
group s
He a sked the
of r igh t s guaran teed in Maine and
ex tent
The t a s k for ce wi l l a l s o evalua t e I-Jaine
pe o p l e in
1 = 1 s to e l iminate
the three
inc lud ing the governor s o f
Ind i an r e s erva
•
(From t he F angor D a i ly l1e\·1 s ,
6 / 26 / 6 8 )
F TC RULE S UID IAP CRAF T HUS T B E GENUINE AB TICLE
HAS HD!G TON (AP)
The F e deral
-
Trade Commi s s ion came to the de fen s e Thur s
d a y o f t h e Amer i c an Indi an and h i s cr a f t smanship .
The commi s s i on s a i d i t has un cover ed impor ted and mach ine -made cur io s . �
souven ir s and nove l t i e s which have b e en pa s s ed o ff a s genuine Ame r i can Indian
hand icr af t s .
i s sued a t rade r egu l a. t i on
It
1 1a j or provi s ion in
hopes
it
to
is
the regu l a t ion
l imit
t·ri. 1 1
such
s t op the prac t i ce .
terms as 1 1 Indian made , . .
1 1 Ind i an 1 : and = 1Ame r i c an Indian ' · o n ly t o tomahawks , t o t em p o l e s , arrows , tom- toms
and o ther ar t i c l e s hand cra f ted by Indi an s l iving in the Un i t ed S ta te s .
Por t l and Pr e s s - He r a ld ,
(From the
L:. / 1 9 / 6 B )
FAS HIONADLE F IDDLIUIEADS
It
t ab l e s ,
f idd lehe ad
is
s t ra ight ye�r
Brun sw i ck ,
and
and nm1 ,
s ea s on up Hor th ,
f idd l eh e ad s even have
f id d l eh e ad fan s made
it
to
in the S t . John River in l!e't·1
the ceremon i e s on a b arge tha t l1as
tho s e in a t tend an c e 't·1er e de s cendan t s o f
Among
fidd leheads
f ir s t harve s t ed
spor t s ,
•
•
•
thr e e centur i e s
but
ag o .
the Mal e c i t e Ind i an s , who
The F i dd l ehe ad F e s t iva l
Ind i an dan c ing and the crown ing of
s toryt e l l ing ,
d l ehe ad prince s s ,
f i d d l ehead s
l ike o ther b ig - t ime vege
the se cond
It uas he ld for
the o ther we ekend on Savage I s land
pas s eci o f f as a f erry .
f e a tured
jus t
fe s t iva l .
the ir o"t<m
1 9 6 0 fid
the
the highligh t was a d inner of roas t b e e f and ,
of cour se ,
•
F id d l e head s ,
cur l e d up frond s
of
gra c e fu l
s p irals r e s emb l ing
the o s tr i ch f ern .
the head s o f vio l in s ,
· The e ar l ie s t of
are the
s pr ing gr.e en s ,
they
They tas t e l ike as paragus wi th mu shrooms .
A favor i t e d i s h is to s erve them wi th poached egg and h o t but t ered toa s t , but
NcCain ' s Foods Ltd . , o f F lorencevi l l e
there are many way s to s erve f i d d l ehe� s .
grow in Haine and par t s o f Canad a .
P.E . ,
pacl-ag e s
i a l ty
s to r e s
1 10 , 000
pound s o f fro zen f i dd l eheads a year a n d l e t s U .
f igh t over them •
(From Spor t s
•
•
I l lus t r a t ed ,
6/ 1 0 / 68 )
S.
spec•
�(15 )
�
GOVER I' OE S ATTEtID Hill�J:1 LIGHTS TA SK ' FO itCE i'.iE!; TI UG
( S e e s tor.y on Page 14)
AUGU� TA
Pa s s ama quoddy Governor s Jo s eph lii t che l l ( Pl e a s an t Po in t ) and
( Ind ian Town ship ) and Penob s c o t Governor John Hi t che l l a t tend e d t he
f ir s t me e t ing of the Ta sk Force on Human Right s , appo in ted by Gov . Kenn e t h M .
Cur t i s , he l d in Augus t a o n Ju l y 1 0 t h .
At t h i s me e t ing , a sub c ommi t tee on Ind ian Affair s was s e l e c t ed , cons i s t ing
John
S t evens
the 3 Tr i b a l Governo r s ; Dr . J e an D . Andrews , po l i t i c a l s c ience pro fe s s or a t
the Un iver s i t y o f Maine i n Augu s t a , and a member o f the F l a ck fo o t Indian Trib e ;
Hr . G e r a l d Talbo t , o f Por t land , 3rd V i ce -Pres ident df the iJew Eng land Reg iona l
Con fer ence of the NAAC P ; Mr . Orv i l l e S . Po l and , an a t torney from B lue Hi l l ; and
of
•
Edward Hurre l l , of Augus t a , a memb e r o f the l'-"'
.iaine S t a t e Advi sory Commi t te e
t o the Uni t e d S t a t e s Cormni s s ion on Civ i l Right s .
The Ind ian sub c ommi t te e p l an s
a me e t ing f or July 20th at the home of Governor John Mi t che l l , on Ind i an I s l and .
In add i t ion , Governor S t even s was a l s o named to s erve on the Task Force ' s
pub l ic r e l a t io n s sub commi t t ee , and Gov . John �li t c he l l i s a memb er of the sub
commi t t e e on Job Oppo r tun i t i e s .
TE PE E C l 1Y I J ERECTED BY DI SGRUNTLED IND IAr!S
- Ano ther �-!ashing ton had i t s Re surre c t ion Ci ty today s e t up b y Ind ian s who say they wan t the ir l and b a ck
b e cau s e whi t e men haven ' t l ived up to the ir tre a t ie s .
OLYMPIA . T Ta s h .
a
t e pe e and
(AP)
ten_t encampme n t
The camp , e s t ab l i s hed on a corner of t he s t a t e cap i t o l ground s , is r e ferred
to b y t nd i an l e ad er Jan t Mc cloud as "Re surre c t ion C i ty I I . 1 =
Some o f its l e ad
er s a l s o were ac t ive
capital .
in the l if e o f the f ir s t Re surr e c t ion C i t y � n t he na tion ' s
ir
camp s t ar t e d , ¥ s . Mc c loud announ c e d the Ind i an s wer e r e
S he said the whi t e man
c l aiming a good p ar t o f the s t a t e - inc lud ing O l ymp i a .
Tlhen the
had broken the Me d i c ine Creek Treaty of
S he r e ferred
to a U . S .
1 8 54 .
Supreme Cour t rul ing
that
the
treaty d idn ' t g ive
t.or t hwe s t Ind i an s the righ t to f i sh commer c i a l ly for s a lmon off
t ions in vio l a t ion of s t a t e cons erva t ion laws .
111 e
curr en t n igh t t ime popu l a t ion of
the
camp ,
the ir r e s erva
con s i s t ing of
three
20- foo t
At i n terva l s , the
canva s t e p e e s and f our t e n t s , is 29 , dr s . Hc C l oud s a id .
camp ' s c o s tumed and b e aded med i c ine man , S€mu Huau te , who d e s cr ib e s hims e l f as
Chuma s h Ind i an an d in t e r t r ib a l me d i c in e man from Ca l i fornia , l e c ture s cur iou s
from Olymp i a on Ind i an lore and cus toms .
The c amp is o f f i c i a l ly ignored by the
a
s tate .
The
s e t t l emen t
is a l s o to pr o t e s t
r ig h t s ac t iv i s t D i ck Gr e gory .
a
the
j a i l ing of Negro come d ian and c ivi l
Gregory i s in j a i l j u s t acro s s
the
s tre e t s erving
90-day s e n t en c e in conne c t ion w i t h an Ind ian f i s hing demon s t ra t ion more
than
Hr s . � cC l oud was invo lved in the o r ig inal demon s tr a t ion t o o .
two y e ar s ago .
To a que s t ion of how l ong the Ind ians p lan to s t ay , Mr s . Nc C l oud has a
s tand ard an swer f or a l l comer s : "As l ong as the sun shines and the rain f a l. l s
and t h e moun t ains s t and . '
(From the
Por t l and Even ing Expr e s s ,
6 / 28 / 68 )
SI!:l-�TE SUBCONMITTEE S TAFFZP.S V I S I T NAir!E
AUGUS TA
-
John Gray and Adr ian Parme t er ,
s ta f f memb e r s of t he U . S .
Senate
Spe c i a l Subcommi t te e on Ind i an Education , v i s i t ed Augus ta on Ju ly 1 7 t h and t h e
Pas s amaquoddy �e s erva t ion s or. J u l y 1 8 th a s p ar t o f a nat ion•wide explor a t ion o f
Inv i ted i.:.y Gov . Kenne th
prob l ems , pr ograms and pro gr e s s in Ind i an e ucat ion .
Cur t i s at the r e o ue s t o f b o th Pas s amaquoddy J:'rica l Counc i l s , the· s ta f f er s me t
Thur s d ay a f te rno �n i n the Governor ' s o f f ice with repr e s e n t a t ive s o f the S tate
(Con t inued on Page 1 6 )
�(16)
(Continued from Page 1 5 )
D e partments o f Education and Indian A f fairs , the Diocesan D ivision of Indian
Services and the S isters of Mercy , be fore continuing their trip to the Pleasant
Pleasant Point and Ind ian Township Reservation s .
( The Penobscot Tribal Coun cil
had earlier votec! not to b e come involved with the Sub committee ' s · " · � ·: ·. �: �. .:. :. .
Governor Curtis told the group that 1 1Maine and the Federal government must
ac celerate their work together to correct the ine quities which often limit the
educational oppor tunities of many of our Naine Indians • 1 1
Outlined at the meeting was the need for new classrooms , comprehensive
guidance servi ces , ho t lun e� and breakfast fac ilitie s , ade quate school playgrounds
and expanded adult education programs at virtually all of the state ' s Indian
reservations .
In d iscussing some of the cultural and language factors that a f fect Indian
education in Maine , as elsewhere , the Governor commented : · 1 1 It is very d i f f icult
to live in two d i f ferent worlds .
The only solution as I see it is to allow
our Indian citizens the freedom to d o what they want, by making as many oppor
tuni ties a�Tailable to them as possib le , so they may live in whatever way they
wish . 1 1
Underlining many of the Governor ' s comments about the Reservations particularly those of the Passamaquoddy Tribe - was his emphasis on the impor t ance
of e conomic d evelopment programs , not only for the Reservations but also for
Washington County as a whole .
Grey and Parmeter agreed that education could
not be separated from such other areas of
development and the like .
concern as heath ,
employment ,
e conomic
The Governor also announced at the meeting that an Indian Education Advisory
Committee is being formed by the Maine Education Council to assist in drawing
up reconunend ations to the Governor concerning the establishment of a long -range
vocational and edu cational guidance program at the state ' s Indian reservations.
n The time is long past when states ancl the Federal government can afford
to shirk their responsib ilities in providing quality educ ation for the American
Indian , 1 1 said the Governor .
: 1 In this respect we are now not only attempting
to achieve e quality of opportunity for Maine Indians relative to that of the
rest of the state ,
but equality of results . "
A frequent theme during the meeting in Augusta was the fact that many
federally -assisted programs that are available to Indian tribes under Fe deral
j urisdiction are not nou available to Maine Indians, whose jurisdiction rests
with the state .
Furthermore ,
a number of Federal programs designed to benefit
communities and units of loca l government in general are also not applicable to
the reservations in Maine without amendments of existing state and Federal laws ,
because of historical complexities and the unique political status o f the reser
vations .
The Governor cite d , as one example of this problem , the several amend
ments re quired in the Maine Indian Housing Act before the tribes could become
eligible for sewage and water grant programs routinely available to communities
throughout the country .
The Governor praised earlier actions by the University of Maine and the
Board of Education for the state in making scholarship programs available at
various institutions of higher education .
"Hore such programs are needed , " he
said .
He also conunended such programs as Head S tart , the Studen t Action Corps
Penobscot tutor ing program , and activities of the Diocese
(University of �Iaine )
in the fields of education and child health .
D ID YOU KNO�·J THAT
po sted t�e highest score ever record
ed in basic training combat proficiency tests in Co . E , 4th Bn . , 3rd Brigade at
He ran the mile in 5 : 34 in full combat uniform and boots .
F t . Lewis, Wash . ?
Great-grand father Richard Wooden Legs was on the winning side at the B attle of
Pvt .
John Wooden Legs ,
Little Bighorn ,
of Lame Deer , Mont . ,
against General Custer .
conunands a battalion at Ft .
Lewis .
A great-grand -nephew of General Custer
Pvt . Hooden Legs has never met him !
�{ 1 7)
1 1 THE ALIENATED
As thi s
C l ark
b e ing wr itten
is
7 th )
( Ju l y
state permi s s ion to cu t timb er on Indian l and s , the so - c a l l e d
wh i c h has b e en g iven
Ind i an s
the
lots : •
" a l i enated
c l aim by way of a 1 7 94 treaty with Nas sachu s e tts .
howeve r ,
No matter uhat the re su l ts ar e ,
n o matter who s e
r e forms ,
there is no way o f fore t e l l ing the
the confrontation at Pr inceton b e �ieen the Ind i an s and the company
of
r e s u l ts
LOTS 1 1
b y Hi l l iam M .
it is pas t time
for
no ma t te r wh i c h l eg i s l ator s grumb l e about b e ing d i s turb e d in the ir
Ind ian s at Pr i n c e ton
The
have a pre tty good c as e
have a good
for c l aiming ,
case
of
fairne s s
The
as a min imum ,
por t ion s of
5 , 000
10 , 000 .
or
The
but
the who l e of Washington County ,
It s hou l d have some b e ar ing ,
on the
however ,
The
shou l d be the i r s ·, to manage and to harve s t .
in any way they s e e
i t b e ing s iphoned o f f to be u s e d ' 1 f or the i r mm good . i :
shou ld be
l and
the irs to d ivide
Suppo sed l y the management and harve sting o f Ind ian land i s no·w
deal .
They
they
Ac tual l y ,
g iv in g them comp l e te contr o l of the acr e s they admitte d l y own .
l and s at Pr i n c e ton
from the
r evenue s
curta i l e d ,
s leep .
at l e as t 1 0 , 000 acr e s of timb e r l and .
mm
c l aiming anothe r
for
futi l e to tal � about that.
it i s
some drasti c
fee l ings are hur t , n o matte r who s e pr o f i ts are
f i t , w i thout
a
three -·way
State o f �Lai ne prov id e s the for e s ter s to p l an and activate a long
theor e t i c al ly , aims at cont inuity o f harve s t .
rang e pro gr am wh i c h ,
compan ie s buy the '-mod and gui� cut t ing prac t i re s .
a nd the s tumpage .
The Ind ians
Pr ivate
supp l y the
nut even i f they were not ,
F inanc ia l ly , the Ind ian s are abus ed .
1ho le arr angement i s archai c .
The patching up of �he pr e s en t quarr e l ,
shou ld not b e a s ignal
the Ind i an s tr iumph ,
B e c au s e ,
l ab or
the
if
even
for perpetuation o f the o ld program .
at Pr i n c e ton , we have the near e s t th ing imaginab l e to a d iv in e ly
He have c ir cumstan c e s that can be
created s ituation .
arranged to g ive a who le
The oppor tun ity i s
group of people a look at new hor i z on s .
even the most l e thar g i c bur e aucrat s hould b e
j o l te d by i ts
so exc iting that
spark .
It is
a lmo s t
l ike hav ing a chance to tur n ove r a l imi t le s s c o a l mine to an Appal achian com
mun i ty of 10 p e o p l e and s ay ,
it.
B le s s you , the r evenue
is your industry ; we wi l l train you to run
i . Here
i s your s
• 1:
l au n ch the s e programs where w e tr ain p e op l e for j ob s and then f ind j ob s
them .
l e l l , o n the Ind i an s ' timb er land s the re i s a who le range o f j ob s
He
for
re d y to b e
f i l led •
Ind i an has a s hare
•
•
•
•
work to b e done for an Ind i an cooper ative i n whi ch e ach
•
•
•
work in wh i ch there
is pr ide o f po s s e s s ion and knowl edge
that the land '7i l l be i n b e tter shape f or s on s to come .
How could the r e po s s ib ly be anything more wor thy of a state suc s i d i zed
educationa l pro gr am ,
s tate
l o an s for machinery ,
s tate provid ed guidan c e but NO T
COH'IROL?
A man d o e s n ' t need to be a graduate for e s ter to know the e s sential s o f
mark ing a t r ac t f or proper
cour s e
in
fore s t management .
be managing the ir
s t ate
He n e e d n o t be a high s cho o l graduate
cutting .
to ab s orb a l l the fundamenta l s he wou ld have to l e ar n in a short
to be ab l e
• • • • or
mm
In
3
or 4 y e ar s ,
land s as w e l l as
any
the Ind i an s at Prin c e ton c ou ld
other owner s of
timb er tr acts
in th i s
in th i s "t-1ho le coun try .
To pa s s up thi s chance to he lp and encourag e p e o p l e to he lp thems e lve s
i s an a f front to every s tated goal
i s a p la c e to open u p a future .
be done for s o
of the O f f i c e of Economic Oppor tun ity .
Th i s
Thi s
i s a s i tuation i n wh i ch s o much cou ld
l i ttle that the te l e grams
should b e pour ing into Augu sta .
lb e i n j us t i ce that has b e e n go ing on for s o l ong has cu lminated i n a cr i s · s .
Ue n e e d a swe e p ing change , a l e g i s l a ted revo l
Le t u s no t have a patching j ob .
ution ,
a b r and new p l an .
Summer g o e s swi f tly .
How doe s the
c l o ser than we think .
from y our d i s tr ic t s tand on g iv ing thi s r e al he lp to the Maine Ind i an s ?
E le c tion s are
cand idate
(From the
Por tland Pre s s - He r ald ,
7 / 8/ 6 8 )
�( 18)
AD S AND AMERICAN UIDIAES
Ano ther minor i ty group - the Ame r i can Indian - is pro t e s t ing d i s tor t ion
trad i t ions and h i s tory in TV comme r c i al s .
John Be l indo ,
exe cu t ive d ir e c tor of the Nat iona l Congre s s of Amer i c an Ind ians and h ims e l f a
Kiowa - Nava j o , showed up as a wi tne s s b e fore the New York Ci ty Commi s s ion on
Human R i gh t s during hearings on a l leged d i s cr imina t ion again s t mino r i ty groups
of
i t s chara c t e r ,
in commun i c a t ions and adver t i s ing .
shou l d be heard , as we l l as tha t of
He remind ed them that
the He gre and
the Ind ian viewpoint
the Puer t o Ri can .
1 1 The enhan ceme n t and per p e tu a t i on of s tereo type mo t i fs of the Indian as
s avage or t r eacherou s , unre l iab l e or chi l d l ike , produ c e s impeding
e ff e 5 t s on emp l oyab i l i ty of the Indian or h i s oppor tun i t i e s for educat ion to a
drunke n ,
s ta t e of emp l oy ab i l i ty .
I t a l s o l end s i t s e l f to the generat ion of s e l f -r igh t
j u s t i f i c a t ion s on t h e par t o f t h e non- Ind ian i n app l i c a t ion o
commerc ial
ac t iv i t i e s whi ch have d ir e c t soc i a l and e conomi c impa c t on the Ind ian . 1 1
f
e ou s
1968)
Ju l y ,
(From Changing Time s ,
MOHEGAN MUSEUN
Pe o p l e from some 1 7 countr i e s have found the ir way to the Mohegan Museum
on Conn e c t i cu t S ta t e nou te 3 2 , abou t 9 mi l e s nor th of New London , Conn . , accord
to a r e ce n t
ing
�·
3 - co lumn f e a ture ar t i c l e
in the
trave l
s e c t ion of The New York
The mus eum i s oper at e d b y Har o l d Tan t a quidgeon and h i s s i s t er ,
_G l ad y s Tan t qu idgeon , uho a r e d e s ce ndan t s of the Mohegans i l lu s trious
TOO !ATE TO CLAS S IFY -
S
l
sees
The He ighborhood You th Cor p s program at
Ind ian youth wor king
v i s ion of Danie l Franc i s ,
t ion o f Mor r i s Broo!�s .
I s land ,
tribal
at
and at
r e cr e a t iona l ar e a s .
- Mi l l town ,
Pa s s amaquodd y l and thi s sunnner
the Plea sant Po in t Re s erva tion under the
Penob s c o t young people ar e simi lar ly employed a t Indian
Pro j e c t s
inc lude expanding and b e au t i fy ing
general r e s erva t ion c le an -up s and
N. E . ,
by Pa s s ama quoddy Ind i an s
super
the Ind ian Totm ship Re s erva t ion under the d irec
und er V I S TA superv i s ion .
ceme t e r ie s ,
Mi s s
Chi e f Unca s .
on Ju ly
14th wa s
the ho s t
from Plea s an t Po in t .
the deve lopmen t of b e t ter
to co lorfu l ceremon i a l dance s
- Owen Lo l ar and Jeffrey G o s l in , o f the Penob s c o t Tribe , repeated _ the ir
e ar l ier f ir s t s eme s ter succe s s e s at E .
Maine Voc a t iona l - Te chnical In s t i tu t e
by appear ing on the Dean ' s l i s t f o r t h e se cond s eme s t er ,
- Rob e r t Jone s ,
is now a c o ord ina t or
s cho o l s for
is
-
7th .
for
of Educ a t ion in a program to p lan mode l
the D e p t .
the Ind ian Re s ervat ion s and unorganized terr i tor i e s o f the s t a t e .
Pro f e s s ional
proud of
ending June
former s choo l super in t end ent in the Sherman Mi l l s ar ea ,
the
fact
s inge r ,
tha t he
26 -year o ld Hayne Newton ,
is
%
Ind i an
a
nat ive of Nor f o l k , Va1 ,
- par t Cherokee and par t Powa t an .
- A vac a t ion s cl)ool: invo lving ch i l dren from Prince ton , Wa i t e , Grand Lake
Ind ian Tmvnship
Pe t e r Dana Po int wa s conc luded on June 2 8 th .
_ Chap l a in C o l eman 0 1 Too l e and S i s t e r Nary Vin c e n t o f the S i s t er s of Mercy to ok
par t in the program , whi c h wa s condu c t e d with the Congregat ion a l chur che s of
S t r e am and
3 non - Ind ian commun i t ie s .
the
that
s o on ,
the Border Hi s tor i ca l So c ie ty , in E a s tpor t , l e arned
the Ma ine Mu s eum Commi s s ion wi l l v i s i t Hashing ton Coun ty
in conn e c t ion _ l1i t h Ind ian Ve ter ans ,a t P l e a s an t Po in t .
- V I S TA Trainee s l o c a t e d on the 3 Re s erva t ions for a 4 -week t r i a l exper
- The
June me e t ing of
the d ir e c tor
of
P l e a s an t Poin t ; · Kim Cler c and Eob Lowe
At the
Ind ian To�m ship .
end of the 4 we eks , the 3 Tr i b a l Coun c i l s wi l l be a sked to de c ide if they wish
the vo lun t e er s to s tay for a fu l l y e ar of s ervi c e .
- 19 Pa s s amaquoddy· young people e n j oy e d a one -'We ek home s t ay program in
ience ar e :
Bi l l and D o t t ie r...u per t ,
At t l eb or o ,
Mas s . ,
at
Ind i an I s land ;
and Greg Bue s ing-
late
in Jun e ,
for
at
and r.ruce B evy at
the
s e cond y e ar in a row .
�MAINE INDIAN NEW SLE TTER
42 LIBER TY S TREET
GARD INER ,
�
.AINE
04345
DON 1 T DELAY !
TO GE T LOCAL AND LONG D I S TANCE INDIAN NEWS ,
Th e fo l lowing sub s cr i p t ion r a t e s are
chaTged for a 1 2 -month sub script ion to
THE MAINE I ND IAN NEWSLE TTER
Indian
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
Non - Ind ian (Re gular )
"
( Con tr ibu t ing )
"
( Suppor t in g )
"
(Life t ime )
-$ 10 . 00/year
- $ 50 . 00/year
If you are a NON - I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and s end in the sub
scrip t ion s l ip
pr i a t e amoun t .
(be low ) WITH the appr o
Your sub s cr i p t i on
w i l l b e g in with the next ava ilab le
is sue a f t e r your sub s cr ip t ion s l ip
is r e c e ived .
DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR EACH MON TH !
If you are an INDIAN , wherever you l ive ,
f i l l out and send in the sub s cr i p t ion
s l ip
(b e l ow ) ,
ide n t i fy ing your · Tr ib e
and enc l o s ing N O money .
The addr e s s l abe l s ind i ca t e the s tatus
"
o f your sub s cr ip t ion .
"F-I
me ans
"
"Fre e - Indian .
The abbreviat ion o f
a month
( JAN)
i s the time - next year
your sub s cr ipt ion fee wi l l again be
due .
-
You wi l l NOT ge t an ind ividual
e;-sO"b'e-a"ler t !
exp ir atIOO not'ic
(Com
p l imentary and Exchange-sUb'Seript ions
do not r e quire renewal . )
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
I wou ld
ADDRESS
l ike t o rece ive monthly regular i s sue s o f the Maine Indian New s l e t ter :
DA TE__ __ __ __ _
__
__
__
__
IND IAN
NON-INDIAN
����----��
( S tree t or P . O .
B ox )
S ta t e
( C i ty
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Code )
Ind i an -0- ;
S end t h i s s l ip , w i t h your
Non - Indian - $ 2
$·1 0
TRIBE�----�---
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_
_
_
(Regu l ar ) ;
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if app l icab l e ,
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Liberty S tree t , Gardiner , Maine
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04345
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�
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter </em>(July 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1968-07
Contributor
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-459
-
https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/f3ec66f8fef9452a1ca8ddbe670d0f19.pdf
afc4b0245f1eee4aa04fba109e78f5bc
PDF Text
Text
VOLUl!E 2,
I•Jtn.IrER 12
AUGUCT
1968
FIRST TEACHER OP.IEHTATIOl! HELD
AUGUSTA - A historic meeting ·1as held in Augusta on August 13th - the
first orientation program ever provided for the teachers in the � reservation
schools.
Organized by tir. Louis· Doyle, Coordinator of the Diocesan Division of
India n Services, and Hother Hary Denb; .Mother_.General, Order -6£ the Sisters :of::.--
Uercy,
those in attendance included representatives of the 3 Reservations, the
Unitarian Universalist Service Committee, the American Friends Service Committee>
the Division of Indian Services, Pesleyan University, Passamaquoddy CAP, the
State Departments of Indian Affairs and Education and - of �ourse - the teaching
staffs of the 3 Reservation schools for the 1968-1969 school year.
l
'i'he teaching assignments for the coming school year are as follows:
Sister Mary Cyril - Principal
Pleasant Point School
Sister Mary Judith
Sister �1ary teatrice
Sister Mary I:ladonna - Principal
Indian Township School
Sister M.ary Colman
Penobscot School
-
.Sister Mary Eorraa - Principal
Sister �iary David
Mrs.
All but Sister Madonna and 11rs.
The Dept.
Christina Jones
(Kindergarten)
Jones were present at the orientation meeting.
of Education is in the process of recruiting a fourth teacher for the
Pleasant Point School,
to relieve overcro·wded classes.
Sister
.eatrice, who
__
began uork.at Pleasant Point last year under a special federally funded education
al program, is a member of the Passamaquoddy Tribe, and will be returning this ·
year as part of the regular staff.--her assignment uill probably be to the primary
grades,
here he acility to speak both English and Passamaquoddy will be most
helpful to the students.
'!he content of the orientation program, which consisted largely of informal
"round-table'; discussions,
emphasized the need for the teachers to be inno1lative
and imaginative in planning programs and special activities for the students;
the necessity for the teachers to consider themselves members of the conmrunity
and not just school teachers;
and ways of improving individual communications
e�ieen the school staffs and the students'
parents.
Conunissioner Hinckley point
ed out that teachers in other Indian schools generally participate•· in 2-week
long orientation programs,
and everyone agreed that similar sessions should be
planned during the school year.
Ir. Doyle stated that,
judging from the number of students successfully
completing elementary and Qigb school programs in the past,
there was certainly
need for improvement in techniques and methods of teaching, with more attention
being paid to the cultural and historical background of the Indian students.
Connected with this new interest in Indian education by the tribes,
the Diocese
and the state is the fact that this year - for the first time - all of the Reser
vation school teachers are volunteers from l.Yithin the Order of the Sisters of
Mercy.
They were all given special orientation materials assembled by Nr.
Doyle and Mr.
Hinckley.
(Continued on Page
2}
.J
�(2)
(Continued from Page 1)
Some of the discussion questions presented to the group by Hr. Doyle,
who
served as moderator, were:
How do Indian communities differ from non-Indian conununities?
�·Jhat may be the Sisters' role in the collDllUnity besides that of teacher?
·Jhat social, economic and educational proolems may the Sisters expect
to meet?
T·Jhat agencies and/or individuals may the Sisters call upon for cooperation?
How may the Sisters and the State Dept. of Education best cooperate to achieve
maximum benefits for the children?
In addi ton to the Sisters, Nr. Doyle and Indian Commissioner Hincl-:ley, the
following participated in the orientation program: Sister Mary Caritas, R.H., of
the Division of Indian Services; Father
ernard i..·iicknair, Pleasant Point Chaplain;
Father r,omeo St. Pierre, Penobscot Chaplain; Nr. �7ayne .ewell, American Friends
Service Committee fieldworl�er; Dr. Hillard �fall er, Professor of Anthropology,
and Miss l1yra Rothenberg, graduate student in Anthropology, Wesleyan University;
Indian Township Governor John Stevens; Pleasant Point Governor Joseph Hitchell;
Penobscot Lt. Governor Frederick Nico a; Passama�uoddy CAP Director Archie La
Coote; Dept. of Education representative Ro ert Jones; and Mr. Brad Greeley,
�
representing the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee.
The program-was held
at the Oblate Fathers Retreat House in Augusta, from 10:00 A.M. to 3:30 P.M.
PEdO:SCOTS HAKE NOHII!ATIONS FOll �InAL OFFICES
OLD TCUN
-
The Old Town Indians beat the Republicans and the Democrats as
far as nominating candidates goes
Tuesday evening, ·uhen they met at the Penobscot
Indian Tribal Hall and selected people to run for the offices of Governor, Lt.
Governor,
Representative at the Legislature,
and for posts on the 12-man Council.
Among those nominated �ere the follodng:
the present governor,
for Lt.
and Frederick Hicola,
Governor, Donald_ Daigle,
present representative,
Phillips,
Violet Francis,
Lolar, '.·!ilfred Pehrson,
Sappier, Irving Ranco,
Lyers and Eita Dana.
unopposed;
unopposed;
For Governor,
John Mitchell,
the present lieutenant governor;
for Representative,
John Helson,
for the Council, Vivian Massey,
Evelyn Sapiel,
John Sappiel,
Ernest Goslin,
llick Sappiel,
Matthew hitchell,
Eva Bisulca,
Ernestine Tomer,
Sebastian Francis,
the
.1..:eatrice
ernice
Teresa
Gale Daigle, Mary
Rules and regulations governing the pre-election activities and the actual
voting on September 10th were set up.
nie candidates uere reported already out
campaigning.
(From the fJangor Daily
Hews, 8/7/68)
'P..AVAJO COURSE ADDED BY EAU
FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. - Horthern Arizona University this fall will begin teach
ing the literary traditions of the Navajo people to Eavajo students, in the Uav
NAU ·will add a new course - 1:-!avajo composition and oral litera•
ajo language.
The course
ture - to its modern language program in the Athabascan language.
\·dll be taught in lJavajo.
The new course is designed to formalize the basic structure - spelling and
grammar·- of Navajo as it has been reduced to ·wr'itten form by modern students
of linguistics, and to encourage l!avajo speakers to read and write effectively
in their native language�
(From the Navajo Times,
8/8/68)
DID YOU Irna·r THAT
three �Tinnebago Indian boys from their reservation in Pebraska received summer
Camp Director
camp scholarships this year at Camp \1Tinnebago, in Fayette, Maine?
Howard Lillenthal plans to add two new Winnebago scholarships each year until
there are 2 tr�bal members in each of the camp's seven age brackets.
�- 3 E
D
I
T
0
R
I
A
L
S
THE MAINE INDIA..� I\1EWSLETTER
(Mrs.) Eugenia �. Thompson
EDITOR:
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at any of the following addresses:
Maine Indian Newsletter
42 Liberty Street, Gardiner, Maine 04345
or
�ry Yarmal
Pleasant Point Reservation
Perry, Maine 04667
or
Morris Brooks
Indian Township
Princeton, Maine 04668
or
Carol Dana
Indian Island
Old Town, Maine 04'68
HAPPY BIRTlIDAY
Early in
The Maine Indian Newsletter is two years old this month!
our two year history we ran into msny problems which had to be ironed
out, however none of them prooved to be insurmountable. Finances was one,
A third was help in putting the Newsletter together
PrJnting was another.
once it was pri.I)ted. A mailing list had to be compiled and a way to obtain
local news tirom the reservations was sought after.
Before starting out with the new venture we talked to several people
from each of the reservations and several other friends to see what they
Most were very helpthought of the idea and to solicit their advice.
ful but ene tribal governor would not answer our letter.s and left home
t\nTly one sunday morning when we told him we would be on the reservation
that day hoping to talk with him!
In those days the Newsletter was to be free until e>�penses became too
high.
Subscriptions neared the 800 mark before it became necessary to
charge. We expected our readership to be cut in half and sure enough this
is what happened.
This was at the end of the first year and five months.
Since charging for the Newsletter the readership has climbed back up to
nearly 800 once more. We have rea9ers all over the United States, in
Canada, Hungary, The Netherlands, Camal �one, and So. Vietnam.
Soon a copy
The Bells (He's from
ill be going to Scotland to Harry and Mary nell.
Scotland and she's from Ireland) have helped put the Newsletter together
several times, and told� us ·that they would like to continue hearing about
Maine's Indians after their return to Scotland.
One Newsletter uas passed from hand to hand until 12 different adults
had read it. So there's no telling just how many readers we actually have.
We are always after interesting articles and expecially local news
from the three reservations in Maine. -Occasionally we are told how some
one objects to an article published but when we ask the prson to send in
Usually we
a reply he sometimes doesn't, for any number of reasons.
print ever thin
•
�- 4 FACE TO FACE
With A White G�rl
ifho Lives On A Navajo Reservation
"The only thing white about me is my skin, and I was born with that.
In every other way I'm an Indian," says ;Jyona Smith, 17, who spent the
first fifteen years of her life on a Navajo reserv�tion in Arizona,
where her family operates a trading post.
"I've been away at boarding
school for the past two years, and I've found that I can succeed in the
white man's world (I 1«1as valedictorian of L1y class), but I haven't
been happy or made close friends.
"Life on the reservation is so wonderfully siliiple and beautiful.
The colors of the mesa chan6e constantly, and each rock has its own
personality.
Living so close to the land, the Indian becomes part of
it; there's a sense of nearness to nature, &nd God's presence is every
where.
White people can't seem to comprehend this.
dhen they visit our
house, they're so surprised to see our pet goat sitting on the couch
they say, 'It's cute' or 'Ooh, how unsanitary.t
But the Indian can
accept such a situation because he feels a kinship to all creatures.
han is no better than the animals-just different."
·vhen vifyona left
the reservation, she 11as struck by the great difference betNeen Indian
and white teen-agers.
"At boarding school the gr'"'ut goal •1as to be as
independent as possible, to break as many fa1nily ties as you could.
My Ind.ian friends 'irnuld never think this way.
11t parties on the reser
vation the whole family coues, not just the children, and ev ryone's
relaxed.
·rhe difference lies in the fact that Indian parents are
always open and honest with their children.
hen a young white child
asks his parents how a baby is born, they may ignore the question or
make up a silly lie; a Navajo simply explains the facts of conception.
Many white teens I've met seem confused about who they are, and I think
that's due to their p�rents-parents who are too insecure to be honest
and to enforce rules of conduct.
An Indian doesn't CJre about possessio�
or status; he knows his place in the universe.
1iy Navajo friends
respect their parents (even after they're married, the father is still
head of the fo.lilily), the tribe leaders and theh1selves. 11
·;Jyona feels com1::-1etely at home on the reservation but says, "I 1 m
never really relaxed around white people, except my ovn family.
Even
my speech reflects this.
An Indian would say, 'I have a pen red' in
stead of 'I have a red pen.'
1.Vhen I'm with white pebple, I make these
I'm also
slips speaking Bnglish - my thought patterns are Navajo.
If you put your
more relaxed with Indians because they're so honest.
faith in a Navajo, you'll never regret it; he'll always return your
trust.
But a white man will profilise one thing - and do the opposite.
Maybe it's because he lives in such an impersonal '"'orld that he's
By breaking avmy from nature, he divorces
always protecting himself.
•
himself frora his fe1low man. 11
t
"On cold winter aights
vvyona was brought up on Navajo legends.
my family sits around the· fireside and talks about the Mai-tao, the
The I·;ai-tso runs
Navajo werewolf - far fiercer than the English one.
the hogans and graves of the wealthy
faster than a horse, away frow
It can bewitch a ierson by gettins a lock of his
Indians it robs.
hair or fingernail parings; that's why feoJ./ NC:Lvajos cut their hair or
I beli J ve these le�ends - and if you believe in something,
nails.
it exists."
According to Wyona an Indian can accept anything he se·s, even the
(Continued on page 5)
�- 5 (Continued from page
4)
fantastic.
"Recently w e saw a cigar-shaped, glowing object hovering
overh ad - a flying saucer.
The tribe took it so calmly.
A Navajo
came into
he trading post and said, 'I saw a flying saucer.'
There
was no panic, no fear of being invaded; just
calm acceptance.
�
�
"There is a great deal of poverty and misery on the reservation,
c.nd large the Indian is resigned to his lot.
rfuch of his real
unhappiness is due to the white lllan - who took
the Indian's land and
refused to admit that the Indian's way of life has 8erit.
but by
"It's a culture worth preserving because it's noble and one of the
left to the Navajo.
The Indians I know would never try to
few things
change the white man,
in peace?tt
,
(From
SEVENTEEN,
July
why can't the white man allow
1968,
p.
the
IndiRn to
live
85.)
RECIPES
BROILED
(Makes
l� pounds
4
REINDEERBURGERS
Servings)
ground venison
16 strips fat back or
3 scallions, minced
4 round buns, toasted
14 cup dry red wine
bacon about
211
long
Salt to taste
Fresh ground pepper to taste
1.
Shape the ground venison intofour thick patties.
Lay two strips fat back or bacon on the top of each patty,
Place
then arrange patties bacon side down on a long-hangled rack.
Secure
two strips fat back or bacon on face up side of the patties.
2.
in rack,
and broil for two minutes on a side over glowing co2ls.
Broil about 4"
away from the coals.
Top each with scallions,
Remove at once to toasted buns.
1 tablespoon dry red wine, and a generous sprinkling of salt and
3.
pepper.
Reindeerburgers may be pan-broiled in bacon drippings - about
'
minutes per side for rare; or they may be broiled in the oven.
with strips of fat back or bacon, and
For oven brni�ing, top each patty
NOTE:
2
3
-
Al 1
nw
nh0nt
3
-
l� mi..nntei:; per side for rare.
dELCOME
TO SEBAYICK
The junction of route one and the Eaotport road has a new sign
since Indian Day.
The large, eight foot by sixteen foot sign welcooes
the visitor to Sebayick home of the Passamaquoddy Indians (e branch of
The sign was ere�ted by the Catholic mission
the Algonquian Indians.)
and was the project of Father Nicknair,
There is also a smaller sign
Since the signs have been
at the north entrance of the reservation.
put up, an increase in the number of cars passing through the
reservation has been noticed
a
s to
(THE
re
selling
-
- might
Indian goods.
WIGWAN WE�iXLY,
Vol.
1, # 19,
Aug.
be a chance for so . .ieone to open
20, 1968)
�- 6 CONFERENCE ON HUMAN R IGH TS & THE INDIAN
Held
at TOBIQUE
INDIAN
RESERVE on �ugust
28, 29,�nnd 30, 1968
The Conference had several excellent speakers and the topics
under discussion are all very timely.
Following is a list of subjects under discussion:
Indian
Treaty Rights
�merican Indian &
The
Law
Culture Of New Brunswick Indians
& Indian Sducation
Hu man Rights
Human Rights & Indian Culture
/
Among those taking
Chief
Tobique
i'1aine,
Indian Reserve,
Morris
for the
part in the Conference are Dennis Nicholas,
Joseph
Nicholas of Sebayick,
Brooks of Me,dakmigoog,
Newsletter,
and Ray Fadden,
MUSEUM in up state New York.
articles on Ray and his work.
reprinted in
the
near
Princeton,
near Perry,
Maine,
a reporter
Curator of the SIX NATIONS
The Newsletter has
INDIAN
printed several
Also much information from Ray has been
Newsletter.
Several other outstanding people are also on the program.
ARE INDIANS CITIZENS?
YES.
�Ll
On June
Indians,
2, 1924
born
in
Congress enacted a law conferring citizenship upon
the territorial limits of the
United
States.
Prior to that time citizenship had been conferred upon approximately
two thirds of the Indians thru treaty agreewents, statutes, and
na�ura lization proceedings.
From the U.S. Department df
(Reprinten
(Reprint�cl
Feb,
B.I.A.
15,
1968.)
YOU KNOVI
DID
tribes in
Interior,
from Menominee Prints,
20
- that in 1967, 304,ooo Indians belonging to
states benefited from OEO programs.
fJ:om Gr��t _ 1§lk e � .J�.Q_i:�n CQ_n�:iunity Vmice,
Feb.
114
19, 1968.)
Studies have shown that our poverty-stricken famiJies suff'er most
cruelly from lack of consumer protection and
1ack of buyer know-how.
I consider this the most urgent challenge in the field of consumer
informRtion and education • • • •
Today
34
million Americans
-
7 millio� f�milies - must try to
stretch poverty-level incomes.to meet
living
costs;
•
•
•
these
people
plagued by consumer problems unknown to the affluent @ajority.
(Excerpt
from Spec�a� Message to Congress by Pres.
and reprinted from Great
Lilkes
Lyndon B.
Indian Cmmmunity Voice.)
Johnson,
TREES
On .Monday and Tuesday,
visit
of the
Pleasant Point and
tribe
possibly some
the
Sept.
Indian
9
and
Township
10,
Jerry
Goodall plans to
to discuss
with some members
planting of some pine trees at Pleasant Point and
ash on swamp land at the Township.
great deal of interest
There
seems to be a
in the projects among the Passamaquoddy.
a�e
�- 7 (Continued from page
him.
3)
Each one o f u s should form our o�m opinion from the information
available.
After the second issue, I received a letter from a white lady
tellin g me I should never publish such
an anti-Indian article in an
Indian publication.
(Howeve·r the lady indicated that I didn't understand
Indians like she did.)
It was following this that I started putting my
Tribe following my name.
Indeed! This non-Indian, arm chair philosopher
understood how Indians think
better than I did!
Certainly all Indians
do not think as l do but I think
Indians are just as capable as -white
people in reading more than one side
of an issue and making up their own
mind as to what they think.
From necessity some very fiaeletters and articles are not published,
csually due to lack of space, but
some times due to other reasons, which
I feel no compulsion to go into at
this time.
An Eagle Feather should go to VISTA Bill Rupert and
to_ Virginia Francis
and to the others who had any part in saving the life -0f five year old
Kathleen Lewey at Pleasant Point.
(See story on page 20)
Sometimes, after
its all over we wonder if such federal
programs as VISTA really accomplish
any more than to keep young people out of the labor market,
it seems to be a place for college drop outs to R.
and sometimes
& R. while they "find
themselves" and decide what they want to do with their lives,
neither of
which is bad in itself.
Som�times this means its a little tougher for
serious people like I'm told the Ruperts are to 11reach" the people they
want to work with.
•rom what Mary Yarmal and others told my husband, Bill
has earned the respect of all of us because of his efforts which saved,
this little girl's life.
At least once during the time Bill was administering
mouth to mouth resusitation, no pulse could be felt and there was some
talk by some of discontinuing the efforts, but with hope all but gone the
efforts were continued and a life was saved.
This may make it tough on other VISTAs who do not have a life to save
in order to prove their sincer1Hy and I certainly do not want to indicate
that Bill is the only VISTA who has actually benefited the Indians of
Maine; but I do want Bill to know that we are all espec.fally grateful to
him for what he has done.
LETTERS
Dear Maine Indians:
«ust a line here to say I would like to be on y8ur mailing list of the
Maine Indian Newsletter.
I teach Indian Arts and C:rafts,
pottery & ceramics.
some white man's art too.
Soon
'nlank you very much.
As ever a Fellow Indian,
Miss Pauline Walisise
Tappinish, Washington
Sir:
Would you please. send the Indian Newsletter to my brother Fred Peters,
Uooddawn Ave Hyannis,
Mass.
Indian name is Sly Fox, Wampanoag.
Our father was from Gay Head on Martha's Vineyard and our mother
Micmac.
I am mailing you
2.00
to help with your expenses.
Bulletin which runs into quite a bit.
Thanking you again,
P.S.
Late Dawn.
We have a
�(Letters,
continued from page
- 8 -
7)
p�oblem , I think Coutesy is due me.
·
some of my needy brothers could use.
is awful for me.
I have all kinds of clothes that·
(if not too prowd).
But the postage
You see I am on ADC.
But I have many good friends �-1ho
are always donating things' for our annual F.E.I.L. rummage sale. (Fed
erated Eastern Ind. League.)
Hell my dear brother so long for now.
Dear Mrs.
Thompson,
I redeived a Newsletter on
Indian Affairs.
May be
English and
interested
from the Department on
I have no right to say what I think of your News-Letter,
�
or more Abenaki.
I am
I feel that I am Indian and I am very
in our �iaine Indians,
of our Country.
as well as other Indians in different parts
Your News-Letter unlike most,
found that
Indians of Maine,
the
Also they sent your Maine Indian News-Letter.
I found no pictures at all.
18
it was just packed with
But I
pages of neus from Maine and other parts.
I found it so interesting and I enjoyed it so very much.
My mother is English and so were her people,' my mother has a foster
Algonquian Indian mother,
who has teen her mother since she.was_l8.
father's side, I understand my grandmother was full blood Abenki.
t.hat she had left Indian Island at a very young age to marry.
She died
I understand that my grandfather was
t-7hen her children were very small.
Eneli1=:h and Abenki,
My
And
I don't know where in Maine he came from.
I
a very young age, I havn't done it in years.
-.;1a s tought about Fateri Tel·akwitha the Lily of the Mohawks.
I was head of
:ny class in school, on Indian History.
I am sorry to say I was never taught
I
learned beadwork at
to speak
Indian,
And in my
27
years,
I have heard my grandmother speak
Indian a feH times.
I am sorry to say I don't lcnm·1 much aLout my Al:enld people.
I v1ould like to learn so I can someday teach our young buck, who is now 19
months.
Their is also Indian in my hust:.and's family, but they didn't l:eep
much for records in those days.
Mrs.
we were.
Thompson one
Also they didn't stay ilut very long.
sunny morning a few months ago,
We just a typical family,
we mne not at
I was thinking our lucky
all rich or anything like
And I
We have food, a roof over our heads and our son has lots of toys.
stay home with him and care for him.
I told my mother why couldn't I help
an Indian child, who doesn't have these things.
Mrs. '.l;hompson I started writing to Mission's in different parts of the
that.
I
Some wanted so much money a month, one 25.00 for membership.
Some Mission's never
to send ?ifferent things and urite l:o the child.
answered .
One 'Father said he wasn't an adoption agency and one Missionary
Country.
wanted
said,
that they didu' t like Hhite
Indian got: the tent of me,
nice.
People and ue mal�e them beg.
qell my
I went on the ,.,,ar-path.
Father Ed\·;rards \·1rote from Red Cloud Mission in South Dakota, he uas very
He told me that, he had 500 children at the school and not as.many
Sisters.
So the children wouldn't be .able to t·rrite,
couldn 1 t keep up.
Hhich I can imders tand,
Lut
because the Sisters
he sai4 that he would be very
he told me what he neede<l.
pleased if ue could help him in some way.
And
have written,
Mean while we \.Jrote to Homan
from Fathers and Sisters,
I received a letter from Father O'Toole of the St. Ann's Mission
at Peter Dana Point, in Princeton, Maine.
He waa so very nice and took the
He
time to see if he could find a child, he sent us a name of a young boy.
Then
1
but lre havn't heard as yet.
Circle Magazine,
we have had so many nice letters
Indian girls that 1:-Jere a great help.
help
me.
to get books and other
fe1:1 months,
adopted
Also I had a few girls uho wanted to
we are making clothes trying
So, us girls have started like a cluu,
thing�.
·Then we will send them to the Mission every
Also the girls have
Peter Dana Point.
our first one will Le for
Indian children and also have' taken foster Indian children in
(Continued on page
9)
�- 9 (Letters continued from page
8)
dif feredt parts of the Country.
I hope it will help a little.
I don't know how much this ':'li�l help,
but
Mrs. Thompso1,
I am looking for three more little Indian girl for
They must from 5 to 9 years old, Indian and may Le no m other or
father or can be living with a grandmother, but must need help.
The girl
uho takes the child, uill 't·1rite to her, send clothes and books.
And also
the giTls.
ill be interested in school and church of the child.
If you knou of any children, please vrite me.
These are all young
mothers, some of these girls are White and some Indian or half and less.
Tone of these girls are in the State of Maine.
Also we would like the mailing
address of the Mission on Indian Island.
If anyone would like to send dif
ferent things to us for the children, we would be very pleased.
I think ue could to a lot for our people, we had more that cared.
More like Father Edwards, Father O'Toole and the girls in our club.
and
I have sent no money Mrs.
Papers free,
Thompson,
I have aluays received my Mews-Let:.t.er
from other parts of the Country.
you would think of me as an Indian.
their Newsletter.
In Maine I don't know if
The State of Wisconsin just stppped
Mrs.
12
Francis
tli
(Madalene) Ames
Lowell Street
Lewiston, Maine 04240
address of the Mission on Indian Island is
% Reverend Romeo A.
St. Pi erre, St. Ann's Rectory, Indian Island, Old Town, Maine.
From
your letter I gather you think of Indian Newsletters and papers as
State News letters, such as when you ,say, '1The State of Wisconsin just
stopl>ed sending theirs.:.
For example'
But such is usually not the case.
the Maine Indian NewEletter is a privately .. supported Newsletter and
(The
Hhen
A lqt
this source of funds stops, by necessity the Ne�1sletter will stop.
of peop le put in
hours of �ark every month with out being paid one c,nt
to get the Ne1sletter out.
However the policy is to send the Neusletter
free of charge to all Indians which includes you.
However, I should point
Because
out many Indians send in their $2.00 and several send in more.
d�pends on suLscription money and gifts in order to keep publishing.
theirs
of the costs involved,
some Newsletters and papers do not exchange
uith the Maine Indian llewsletter, 1:d nee we are quick to send a free copy
of thE- Newsletter for--thti r paper, but we do not have the funds -to pay for
thPir Ind ian paper.
The projects you have outlined sound fine, and I am glad to see that
you contact the people concerned first, before you send an; clothes or
books to them.
Ma11y people who have old books and clothing which are. no
good to them
will send them to someone uorking on one of the Reservation�
thinking they are doing.the Indians a favor.
In some caRes they have,but
in other cases it turned out to be in very poor ta�te.
As you are already
aware,
it is bett:er to asl� first. -Ed)
Ft>r a course at the University I am making a collection of Maine mater
ials for the school where I am librarian.
I am very interested to find pamphlets, books or fact sheets on .
Maine Indians.
11ould it Le possible to have a copy of your newsletter aod
any other inform �im J"•u might: hnve?
I will .le gl.a<l to pay postage or any
other
charges.
Thank you
/
Mary Haskell
156
Wilson S t.
Brewer,
Maine
04412
�- 10
Dear Mrs.
-
Thompson,
He thought that the readers of the Maine Indian Newsletter might be
interested to knou something about this summer's volunteer group uorking at
In<lian Toi;mship and so here are some of the -facts.
There are a total of
teachers
- working with
oix adults
the children,
-
four of whom are professional
teenagers and adults in a variety
'Ii·10 of the teachers are wprking in the Head Start program,
o:f ways.
is f-,eing held in the school on the reservation.
School11
In the afternoon,
which
''Fun
is held in the house which has l>een loaned to us to live and 'l:·mrl-;:
in �y George Stevens, Sr.
During these afternoons,
all children may
come and learn h01:·1 to make various kinds of hanciuork. ·
play different games,
tutoring.
read amd listen
to stories,
They also
and receive individual
Sometimes we work outdoors uith the children,
sometimes indoors;
Every day is different.
Two of our volunteers are from Maine,
from New Yorl�.
Universalist Service Committee;
1966
leaciers in
tuo are from Illinmis and two
All of us were originally recruited by the Unitarian
Paula and r,falter Moulton were the group
ard George La Porte led it in
Edmondson are ne1 this year,
as
a
group,
we are able to offer a large number of
skills and a backgroun<l of knowledge uhich ·ue hope
that the uhole connnunity
will make use of uhile we are here this year.
Al so,
He 1:·10uld
CAP Direr�or
all the other
Betty and Doug
consi<ler�t.Je experience in working iith children of
Each of us has had
various ages and,
1967.,
as is �lilly Gilman.
lil-e
to use thlis opportunity to thank Gov.
Archie La Coote,
Mr.
Jphn St'evens,
Louis Doyle of the Portland Diocese and
finP people who have given us their help and encouragement.
Very
truly yours,
1968
SUMMER VOLUNTEERS
Co-Directors:
·Halter Moulton
George La Porte
x
x
x
x
x
The Higwam Peekly
The Higuam Weekly is a local ''Newsletter type"
formerly was puLlished at
Indian Township.
newspaper which
It is interesting,
informative
and full of the local neus 't1hich is difficult for most of us to ottain
�·1hile it is still current.
Now the Wigwam Weel..ly has been expanded to include
If you are interested and would like to
Loth Passamaquoddy r..eservations.
receive it,
see Lelou:
.
It
The Higwam Weel-;:ly is a pu�licat:ion of the Passamaquoddy tribe.
Its pur
is printed alternately at Pleasant Point and Peter Dana Point.
pose is to aid communications within the tribe and to provide a source
of news and information to concerned outsiders.
The newspaper encourages all of its �eaders
to the editor,
. c'ommun i ty.
notices,
and anything else
The Uigwam Heekly Hill be printed
Indians.
In order
to submit articlec,
lettern
that might be of interest to the
�6 times a year and is fr�e to all
to cover mailing expenses,
bo·wever,
Indians living off
o-i- the two Pas sama. 1uoddy Reservations are as�'ed to pay $3. 00 for �5 issues
of
$1. 50
for
18 icEues.
·
The neHspaper is availaLle to non-Indian
(Continued on Page
21)
sul.scribers
�PASSAMACUODDY:
•
GEORGIA
PACIFIC AGKEEHEI!T
•
!\'ITFIED
The agreement worked out between the Passamaquoddy Tribe and the Georgia
Pacifie Corporation (see story on Page 1, July Newslette
r) on July 12th was
1 ter ratified by the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Tri b al Councils, nd
a
igned by Governors Joseph �litchell and John Stevens.
Follm�ing is the complete
text of this agreement:
MElfilRAHDUM F UNDERSTMDING
on
Pas s amaquo ddy Tribe - Georgia Pacific Company
Forestry Training and Employment Program
**
*
*
*
*
The following items, programs and policies are agreed to by all the undersigned parties and will be implemented as indicated.
'Compant : refers to the Georgia Pacific Company, with division offices in
oodland, d.aine.
nTribe:1 refers to .the Passamaquoddy Indi an Tribe, with tribal
offices at the Pleas�oint and In dian Township r:eservations.
"�11 re fers
to the Maine Employment Security COtmDission and related employment training
agencies.
"Diocese" refers to the Diocesan Division of Indian Services, with
' Commun
offices in Portland.
: 'CAp1: refers to the Passamaquoddy Tribal Councils
ity Ac tio n Program, with�fices on the two Reservations.
A.
TRAINUJG
� The Company,
CAP, the Tribe and the �lESC agree to cooperate in a train
ing program to train Indian pulpwood harvesting cre·ws.
� The goal of his program is to train 3 all-Indian crews over and above
the one Indian CTew now functioning.
3.
Each crew will consist of one machine operator and from 2 to 5 cutters,
for a to�al of from 9 to 18 Ind ian trainees.
!!:..:_ In addition, at least one Indian experienced in pulpwood harvestin g
will be employed as a Training Coordinator to assist the Training Supervi&or.
1.:. The Tribe and CAP will be responsible for recruiting the Indian trainees.
In the event that more than 18 trainees apply for this training program,
appropriate testing will be conducted by the MESC to determine a preference list
of applicants.
� The Tribe and CAP, in recruiting trainees, will nominate those trainees
most qualified to be machine operators.
These nominations will be verified or
amended by MESC standardized t e sting .
7.
The Tribe and the CAP will be responsible for encouraging satisfactory
attendance of the trainees during the training program.
E.
FUNDWG
!.:.
The Company will pay at least Federal minimum wages to the trainees,
the Indian Training Coordinator and the Training Supervisor.
l!.. 'lbe Cotnpany will be partially reimbursed for these training expenses
by the prime OJT (on - the -job t�aining) contractor at a rate of $19 - $25 per
wee! per trainee during the training period.
The Company will make available adequate training machinery and equip
3.
ment (such as skidders and sal1s) to the training crews during the traini ng period,
at no expense to the crews.
4.
The Company will provide necessary forestry camps for any crews not
from tb'; Indian Township Reservation, under usual Company arrangements.
Resi
dents of Indian Township Reservation may use space in these facilities if space
is available.
5.
The MESC will be responsible for obtaining a prime contractor for this
OJT pr'Oir am who will establish, in cooperation with the Company, an approved
(Continued on Page 12)
�(Continued from Page 11)
the duration of the course, and other such details,
supervision of the MESC.
curriculum,
under the general
&.:..
During the training period, trainees will be expected to maintain
good attendance and promptness.
Trainees may be dropped from training for
excessive absenteeism, for misconduct or for similar reasons as determined
by
'
the Training Supervisor.
�
Any problems, grievances, or complaints by either the Company, the
prime contractor, the Training Supervisor or the Trainees shall first be reported
to the Indian Training Coordinator.
If he cannot satisfactorily resolve the
matter,
he will report it to the local MESC representative, who will be the chair
man of a Grievance Committee consisting of himself, the Training Supervisor,
the Passamaquoddy CAP Director and the two Tribal Governors.
The Grievance Com
mittee will hear all aspects of each grievance presented to it and will then
make a decision follo,�ing an executive session.
Decisions of the Grievance Com
mittee will be final •
..§.:...
mittee,
The local MESC representative>
as the chairman of the Grievance Com
is charged with an overall i1trouble-shootingj1 responsibility during the
training program and will maintain good communications with all parties to this
agreement.
C.
EMPLOYMENT
!.:._
Successful completion of the training program,
Training Supervisor and
Training Coordinator,
as certified by the
will qualify a crew or an individual
for employment with the Company.
l!_
ployees,
Such a crew may be employed on the Tribal Trust lands as Company em
harvesting, as prescribed in the Indian Township Cooperative Forestry
Management Agreement,
3.
ated
on a sustained yield basis.
Such a crew may be employed as a sub-contractor on the so-called alien
lots within the boundaries of the Indian
under the Company's management plan,
l:..
Township Reservation, harvesting,
on a sustained yield basis.
Based on the desire of the crews or individuals,
the Diocese will
assist in setting up and coordinating a joint tribal and private credit financing
program to enable Indian crews or individuals to obtain the equipment necessary
to apply to the Company as sub-contractors.
The current all-Indian creiv,
�
now working as Company employees on the
Trust lands and having demonstrated to the Company an adequate level of produc
tion,
may - at the discretion of the Tribe - be employed on the so-called alien
ated lot recently vacated by Mr.
Mannheim,
as Company employees,
to complete
the current harvesting contract.
All employment of crews or individuals as Company employees will be
6.
based
�
the demonstration and maintenance of adequate production levels, which
will be established with due regard to the experience level of the crew.
Any
crew working as a sub-contractor for the Company that demonstrates and maintains
such production levels will be eligible for employment by the Company as Company
employees on any Company-owned lands or on the so-called alienated lots within
the boundaries of the Indian Township Reservation.
7.
;! 1 1
Under the terms of this Memorandum,
the Company agrees that only Indian
be employed in harvesting operations on the so-called alienated lots
within the boundaries of the Indian Township Reservation as sub-contractors or
as Company employees who have demonstrated their ability to maintain adequate
crews
production levels.
In the event of the non-performance or non-availability of Indian
cre,�s to complete future planned cutting programs, the Company reserves the right
to hire non-Indian crews to harvest the alienated lots in accordance with these
programs.
(Continued on Page
13)
�· ( 13)
(Cont inued . fr-om Page 1 2 )
8.
The Company w i l l provide ade ouate refores ta t ion for road s ide s creening
in the areas vacat e d by �Ir . �Iannhe im at · the comple t ion of the current ope ration s
in tha t area .
I l! . !I TEE S S �·THEREOF the par t ie s here to have made and executed this Memoran
dum of Under s t and ing on the 1 2 th day of Ju l y , 1 9 6 8 .
GEORG IA-PACIF IC CORPOP.ATIOH r:,y / s / E . G .�Ji l son , General Mgr . , Hood l and Divis ior
PAS SAl-Y. QUODDY 1RIBE by I s / John F . S t evens , Governor , Indian Tmm s hip Re s .
/ s / Jo seph Hi t che l l , Governor , Pleasant Po int Re s .
rlAU!E E1'1PLOYHEET S E CUR I 1Y COi•J1-ITS S ION by J s / Jame s S choen tha ler , Chairman
D IOCE SAIJ D IVI S I ON OF IL IAl"! rnrVICES by / s / Loui s L . Doyle , Coord inator
D
PAS SANAC'UODDY CONNUHI1Y ACTIOP PROGP
�N by / s / Archie J . LaCoo te , Direc tor
...
On Ju ly 3 1 s t , the fir s t mee ting o f the above intere s t ed par t i e s was he ld
in "'o od land t o begin working out d e t a i l s of the training program .
The pr ime
contrac tor wi l l be the Amer i c an Pulpwood As socia t ion .
Approxima te l y 25 trainee s
w i l l r e c e ive 10 we eks of 40-hour s -per -week training , at $ 2 . 00 per hour .
Cons ecu
t ive clas s e s wil l be set up , b ased on the e quipment availab le , for from 5 to 1 2
traine e s a t a t ime .
l"' . Ralph Curr ier , Wood lands Manager for the GP Company
apoint e d out that the train ing was intende d for unskil led worker s , and said that
ski l le d worker s wi l l be screened and hired immedia t e ly at $ 2 . 3 0 or more per hour .
The Pa s s amaquoddy CAP and the Tr ibe have the respon s ib i l ity for recruit ing
and send ing app l i cat ions to GP for t e s t ing and s e l e c t ion of qua l if ied persons
by the l1E S C .
Two 3 or 5 man crews may be hired within the nex t week , pend ing
the pr oce s s ing of the ir re cord s and the che cking of the ir opera t ing ski l l s by a
G P oper ator .
Such per son s �il l work a 45 -hour week and be paid accord ing to
the ir ski l l s and exper ience .
28 name s wer e given to the local MESC repr e s enta
t ive for pro ce s s ing .
The training program i s to s t art in ear ly Augus t , with a February 7 , 1 9 69
c omp le t ion d a t e .
Training wi l l t ake place on tribal land s .
Although the con
tract s t a t e s thQt the men w i l l be traine d as harve s ters , i t was made c le ar that
the training curr iculum is sufficien t ly f lexib le to inc lude train ing for skidder
oper ator s , e t c .
There i s a l s o a po s i t ion for Ind ian Training Coord inator - thi s per son wi l l
b e s e l ec t e d o n recommendat ion b y the tribe wi t h his pay t o b e negot iated on the
bas is of his ski l l s , pre s ent rate of pay , e t c .
Actua l ly , 3 Ind ian Training
Coord inator s may b e needed .
The s e l e c t ion of Training Supervi sor s ( ins tructor s )
wi l l be the re s pon s ib il i ty o f the G P Company , from their regu lar pers onne l .
I t i s an tic ipated tha t the f ir s t group o f trainees .should b e s tarted by
mid -Augu s t .
The con tract a l lows for f i l l ing in of place s left by dropout s or
by persons who are cons idered ready for emp loyment be fore the end of a 1 0 -week
cycle .
Among tho s e pre s ent at the mee t ing on the 3 1 s t were Gov . John S t evens ,
CAP Direc tor Archie LaCoo t e , As s i s tant CAP Director J'ohn Nicho l as , CAP Hous ing
Coord inator Francis Sap ie l , AF SC Fie ldworker �· ayne Newe l l , Jame s S choenthaler
and Doh Oue l l e t te of the HE S C , S i s ter Mary Car i tas (repre s en t ing Louis Doy l e of
the D i o c e s e } , Ind ian agent Bud 't·!e s ton (repr e s ent ing Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley )
and 5 Company o f ficials , toge ther wi th a U . S . Depar tment of Labor repr e s entat ive .
PENOBSCOT INDIAN
PAG EAN T SUCCES SFUL
Peace -pipe s , chan ts and ceremonial dance s captured the at tent ion and imagi�-
at ions o f b e tween 1 5 00 - 1 800 per s ons o n July 2 7 -28 when t h e Penobs co t s s t aged
the i r 5th annua l pagean t .
Al though a t t endance wa s aver age for the 2 Saturday
shous , Ernes t Gos l in , chairman of the pagean t , said that Sunday ' s turnou t was
1 r ms. gni f icent even wi t h the thr eat o f rain ai l day .
T·Te p l ayed to an a lmo s t ca54 Ind i an s par t icipat ed .
(tangor Dai ly 1Jews , 7 / 2 9/68 )
pac i ty crowd . i ;
�(14)
US E S F ILM TO HE L P I LAC�EET IND IAUS A TTP.ACT rnnus rr..Y
�RC1.·!PUTG , Mon t . (AP ) - V I S TA Vo lun teer Jim Ludwi g , 2 7 , of r. o c he s t er , N . Y . ,
<..r e a te d a f i lm wh i ch he and the I :.lackfeet Ind i an Ha tion hope w i l l be the
f t r s t s t ep t owar d indu s t r i a l de v e l o pmen t for t hi s 1 . 5 mi l l ion acre re s erva t ion .
ha s
The 2 8 -minut e co l or and sound movie n a rr a t e d by tr i b a l Chairman E ar l O l d
Per s on shows the t r ibe ' s prepar a t ion for a c ommerc i a l futur e , in c lud ing a fu l ly
e qu i pped 6 7 -acre i ndu s t r i a l p ar k.
na t ur a l r e s our c e s abound , along with s cenic
b e aut y and ou tdoor r e creat ion s i t e s .
A $ 2 . 5 mi l l i o n a irpor t is p ar t of the
p l an by w h i c h the 1 2 , 00 0 memL er tr ibe ho pe s t o r e a l i ze i t s mo t to , 1 1 '11l e pas t we ' ve
g a ine d ; the future we ' l l achieve . "
Ludwig spen t a ye ar s ho o t in g the movie for whi ch the tribe b ought the sup
Hi s intere s t in Ind ian pr ob l ems began when at age 15 he saw a movie on
c ond i t i ons among the Hava j o .
It grew as he s tud ied f i lm-making at Sy ra cu se
p l ie s .
poor
Un iver s i t y .
1 1 ! r e a l ly b e l ieve the B la ckfe e t have the grea t e s t po t en t i a l among the
r e s erva t i o n s
in the Nor thwe s t , :i Ludwig s ay s .
However , he i s very much awar e of
such cu r r e n t prob lems as a l c o ho l i sm and a 40 p er c en t sub s tandard hou s ing leve l .
The are a , he say s , 1 1 i s l ik e an und erd eve loped coun try . "
He b eg an h i s work
ionme n t and then b e c ame
w i th an undue id e a l i sm , he says , • which turned to d i s i l lus
Ludwi g
a re a l i s t i c ide a l i sm that i s very pr a c t i c a l . ' '
Once he saved a boy from
s pend s much of h i s t ime working w i th Ind ian youth .
j a i l and on ano ther o c c a s i on he ar ra ng e d for an Ind ian y outh to s tudy in t he
Hi s many s ummer s working in y o u th camps have l ed him to plan hikes f or
East .
B e f o re
I n d ian young peop l e , whom he ca l l s "wond er ful and s incere and ho ne s t . 1 1
Ludw ig ' s h ike s , many young B la ckfee t had ne ve r b een to G l a c i er Na t iona l Park ,
13 mi l e s ue s t of Browning and ad j ac en t to the res erva t i on .
(From t he
1
Kennebe c Journa l , 8/ 5 / 6 8 )
TINA PROUD OF HE R TR IBE
by
Peg He nd r i c k
Chr i s t ina Franc i s , 1 7 , is qui e t ly proud of the tr ibe of Pleasan t Po in t
Pas s amaquoddy Ind ians to which she b e l ong s .
Tina , who i s the g ue s t of Mr. and
Nine
Mr s . D on a l d Paque t t e o f Nor th S tree t , Saco , i s one o f e igh t chi ldren .
o ther b r o t he r s and s i s t e r s have d i e d , e i th e r in ch i l d b ir t h or from s i ckn e s s.
Rev . B er nard Ni ckna ir , the d io c e san pr ie s t at the re s ervat ion , fir s t inter
Father Nicknair was , at
e s te d the Paque t t e s in the Pa s s amaquodd i e s l a s t y ear .
one t ime , a cur a t e a t S t . Andre ' s .Chur ch in Biddeford .
The Pa que t t e s , who have c amp e d at P l e a s an t Poin t , the s i t e o f the r e s erva
t i o n , are d e e p l y concerne d about the Tr ibe and took 586 pounds of c l o th ing , gar
According to
nered from fr i ends and re l at ive s , to Father Nicknair l a s t mon th .
Don , t he Ind ians a re t o o p r o ud· to accept ou tr i gh t g i f ts , so a r uumag e s a le was
he l d and the ar t i c l e s s o ld for a few ce n t s ap i e c e .
' Tina , who ha s been wi t h the Paque t te s for fo ur weeks , is r e c e iv ing a small
s a l ar y for hous eke e p ing and b �by - a i t t ing chor e s , b u t s ay s she ' s r e a l l y having a
She ha t e s to leave her ho s t s , " They are so g ood to me , 1 1 b u t fee l s
vaca t io n .
'
s h e mus t l e ave i n an o ther week .
nHy mo ther i sn ' t we l l , and a s I m t he o lde s t
1 1 She al mo s t d i e d when t he las t b ab y
g ir l she r ea l ly ne e d s my he l p , : i Tina s a id .
wa s b orn . 1 1
t he r e s erva t ion is far f r om e a s y , par t i cular ly for th e women who
lar g e f ami l ie s , o f t en wi thout e le c t r i c i ty or indoor plumb ing • • • •
Tin a , who regard s the fau l t s and vir tue s o f the tribe '·1 i th unb i a s e d eye s ,
She laughed wryly as she r e l a t ed
that l i quor i s o f ten a prob lem ther e .
Life
at
mu s t r a i s e
said
1 1 11le
tha t there ar e o n l y two tree s on the ent i.re r e s erva t ion of 1 00 a c r e s .
Tiley were too lazy t o go ou t in to t h e
re s t have b een cu t d own for ·firewood .
woo d s ,
I gue s s . "
(Con t inue d on
Page
15)
�( 15)
(Con t inued fr.om Pag e 14 )
the 1 2- f o o t t id e s i n C'uod d y � ay , g a rd en i ng i s a lmo s t non-ex i s t e n t
a t Pl easant Po in t .
!:: al t spray wa shes the land , maldng i t un f i t f o r growing
vege tab le s or even f or gra z ing ca t t le , ':'ina s ay s .
In the fa l l , deer and r abb i t
hun t ing pr ovide s f o od f or t h e Ind i ans , a s doe s year -round f i sh in g .
A l l o the r
f o o ' s mu s t Le pur chas ed , a di f f i cu l t task Hi th the average (per cap i t a ) i ncome
a s ke t
around $450 year ly .
Tina ' s fa ther works at the ·w o o l en mi l l in Eas tpor t .
e av ing and f i sh ing aLe the main s our ce s of inc ome on the reserva t ion , and ma ny
you ths leave the i r home s and go to work in � ang o r or : o s to n .
The 1 96 7 census
l i s t e d 338 p er s o n s l iving on the res erva t i on a nd 3 8 5 ab s e n t
Pa s s ama quoddy Ind ian b oys have served in a l l Amer i can war s , a l though I nd i ans
'1er e unab le t o vo t e un t i l 1 2 y e ar s ago .
A p l a que honor ing their s ervi ce in the
�evo lut ionary � Tar s tand s on the s i t e of an o ld ceme tery a t Pleasant Po in t ; several
Pas s amaouodd i e s are now serving in Vie tnam .
The re s erva tion h a s no r e s iden t d oc tor o r den t i s t .
( from
" S is t e r Eur s e 1 1
t he r oman Ca tho l i c D i o c e s e of Por t land ) v i s i t s once or twice a week to min i s ter
to the s ick .
Tina , 1:· ho wou ld l ike t o b e come a nur s e when she gr adu a t e s from
Ea s tp or t High S choo l , s ays tha t the ne are s t den t i s t is in Calai s , 23 mi l e s away
J.'hc Paque t t e s are hope fuL: tha t some c i t i zens in th i s are a wi l l have room
for an Ind i an chi ld for a week or more .
They are w i l l ing to serve as a c le ar ing
hou s e and wi l l arr ange any vi s i t s w i th F ather Eicl:nair .
A te lephone cal l to
Don or Den i s e Paque t t e could br ing , in D e n i s e ' s 't·JOrd s , 1 1wonder ful reuard s . n
The
couple p l an s t o take ano ther Ind ian chi ld when Tina leave s
� e c au s e o f
• • • •
•
•
(F rom the B id d e ford - S aco Journal ,
•
•
•
•
7/ 1 3 / 6 8 )
HAINE UIDIAN EDUCATI O!l ADV I S ORY COI-:u!II S S I OU
FORl.IED
nc o ln T. F i s h , Chairman , Haine Educa t i on Coun ci l , has
a new Ind ian Educat ion Advi s ory Commi t t e e .
'Ihe
pur p o s e o f the Advi s or y Connni t tee i s to make recommenda t io ns t o the var i ous pub
l i c and pr iv at e agen c i e s invo lved w i th the Ind i an s choo J s , concerning p r e - s cho o l
pr ograms , e du c a t i ona l and vo c a t iona l gu i d an c e , o n - t h e - j ob training , adu l t e du c a
t ion , s choo l dropout r a t e , coord ina t ion of s tate a n d f e d e r a l programs , and s c ho o l
GORHAM,
anoounceG
Aug .
o
-
L
t he forma t ion o f
faci l i t ie s .
The chairman of the n-ew Commi t tee is Hr s . Nar ion I ag l ey , D i r e c t o r o f Guid
at l fa ch ia s Me mo r i a l Ris h S ch o o i and pa s t pr e s i de nt of the 1aine Teachers
A s s o c i a t ion .
70 repr e s en t the Ind i an Counc i l at the Peno b s c o t Re s e rva t i on . Gove r no r John
lli t che l l ha s named Hr s . V ivian Mas s ey .
Governor Jo s eph Mi t che l l of the Pleasan t
Poin � e s e rva t io n ha s named Hr . Fayn e f:.!ewe l l , and Governor John S t evens wi l l
r e pr e sent the Coun c i l a t the Indian Tmmship P.e s ervat ion .
O ther memb er s of the Adv i s ory Commi t tee are :
hr . Thoma s Vo ce ,. As soc iate Dir e c t o r of Educa t i o n . D i o c e s e o f Po r t l and ;
S i s ter Nary Cyr i l ��ir · y , who has 't een a s s igned to the S t . Ann I n d i an Scho o l
at Pleasan t Po i n t aud �ho i s c omp le t ing a n a s s ignme n t a s princ ipa l o f a d i o c e s an
P l PmP n t ary s cho o l ;
l'ir . Omar tro r t on , Chie f , Bureau of E l emen tary Educa t i on and Supervi s ion ,
S t a t e De�ar tment of Educat ion ;
£� . Herber t s . Sperry , D i re c t o r , O f f i c e of Economic Oppor tun i ty ;
Dr . S t an le y L . Freeman , Co or d ina t or , Of f i ce of Re s eC\rch S u p p or t and F e dera l
Ee l a t ""ons , Unive-r s i. t y of Haine , Orono ;
1r . Maur i c e Li t t l e f ie ld , who is pr e sent ly D ir e c tor of S tudeq t Pe r s o nn e l
at Gorham S tate Co l lege and who wi l l be As s i s t- an t D i rec tor o f Develo pmen t , Unive r
s i ty o f l raine , Orono , a s o f Augu s t 1 s t ;
Hr . Edward llinclp ley , Commi s si on er , S ta t e Depar tme n t o f Ind i an Af fair s ; and
D r . Lona ld Ba��s , Admini s tra t ive Ass i s t an t to the Pr e s ident , Unive r s i ty o f
ance
Ma i n e ,
Or ono .
Dr .
F i sh
s a id the
i ni t i a l a s s ignmen t o f
the Advi sory
C ommi t t e e woul d 1:.e
ma l � r e cotmnendations concerning Indian edu c a t i on for con s iderat ion b y Governor
CUr t i s and the 104 th Le gis l a ture .
(From
the Peno s co t Time s ,
8/8/68)
to
�(16)
JOHH COLLIEit ' S VIS IOU
by D ' Ar cy l icPi ckle
( Con t inued from l a s t mon th)
S us t a ined by a s t rong ly int e gr a t ed per s ona l ity ,
the
in t e l le c tu a l
con t e n t o f h i s
f i e l d o f f i c er s ,
Co l l ie r never adu l t erated
',The ther wr it ing le t te r s to his
d i s cour s e .
addr e s s ing a mee t ing o f DAR ladie s , or pr e par ing an e d i tor i a l
t he Bureau ' s hous e or gan , Ind ian s a t 1
:Jor k , he wro te o r ta lked in a pro s e style
for
tha t o f ten daz z l e d and confound e d his aud ien c e .
On one o c c a s ion , after he had
s p e n t seve r a l hour s s pe al�ing e lo quen t ly on Ind ian va lue s and wor ld view t e fore
a :ongr e s s iona l commi t tee , at the con c lu s i on o f which the commi t te e memb e r s
tropped ou t o f t he me e t ing room g l a s s y -eyed , t h e c lerk o f the con:mi t tee shook hi s
head d e j e c t e d ly .
nuha t a p i ty , ' ' he remafked ,
said . 1 1
he
· · they d idn ' t unders tand a word
The Ind i an s , however , s e emed a lways t o under s t and .
E i ther the in terpre ters
who worked w i t h him wer e unu sual ly good , or his s ty le of spee ch tran s l ated readily
in to the r i �hly imaged n a t ive venacular s .
Hhatever the r e a s on , one ah.,ays s ensed
a qui cken ing o f r e s pons ivene s s when Co l l ier addr e s sed an Ind ian gather ing .
Hi s
vo i c e c arr i e d uarmth ,
brough t qu i e t
'
gen t i l i ty and d ign i ty ,
smi l e s o f r e co gn i t ion and
kind of d i s cour s e \Jh i ch Ind ian s
d i s p lay s imi l ar manne r s .
B e c au s e he wou ld no t
wa s
he
s ome t ime s d i smi s s ed
expounded
the qua l i ty o f h i s
a v i s ionary ,
as
the
as tu t e i n ob t a in ing
Ind ian deve lopmen t and
gr al:. b e r s ,
p e t en c e ,
trying
free dom t o
he uas
to
in t e l l e c t ua l .
Col l ier
Be cau s e
Ind ian groups and proved t o b e
accu s ed of
conver t Ind ians
turning
thumpers ,
leg is la t ion
the c l ock back on
in t o museum piece s .
Indi an 1 . exper t s 1 1
l obb yi s t s ,
over z e a l ou s· � ib l e
in
the
speaker s
conceptual grasp ,
an impr a c t i ca l
str ange med l ey of unl ike ly as s o c i a t e s
s p e c i a l - in t er e s t
b e en d i s cove r ed
In
of
c on s t i tu t e d a
I t was
good
t h e enac tmen t o f s u c h l i f e -giving
Ind i an Reorgan i z a t i o n Ac t ,
d e trac t or s
the ir
and more par t icu l ar ly , perhap s , b e cause h e in s i s ted
Ind i an Hor t h ,
on ex t end ing re l ig i ous and cu l tur a l
po l i t i ca l ly
tenderne s s , which
t e a s ing answer s .
could appr e c ia t e b e c au s e
temper
as
mo du l a t e d by
some t ime s
-
Hi s
fru s trated
of var ious
land
of
com•
shade s
Indian who had
and an o c cas ional par t - t ime
s ome a c t o f c h i c anery .
aimed at his admin i s trat i on , sub s e quent
the v i s ion and the prac t i c a l ity of the act ion .
T;J i t h e n c our agemen t to a c t ou t the ir O'(m l iv e s and with the b e ginn ings of financial
a s s i s t ance in r e s tor ing and d eve loping the ir r e s ource b a s e ( abrupt ly ha l t ed by
even t s
war ) ,
spite o f a l l
demon s t ra t e d
t he cr i t i c i sms
the
soundne s s
Ind ian t r ib e s a l l acro s s
the
of
trad i t ional
coun try seemed to r enel� the ir
incr eas ingly in are a s of in tere st
in the gener a l s o c i e ty .
Id en t i ty wi th an Indian commun i ty , even an urban com
mun i t y of r e l o c a t ed tr ibe smen ,
provide s a b a s e from which adapt ive and a s's imi l
t.Ji thout such a b a s e , th ere can on ly b e
a t ive pr o ce s s e s c an d r au new grow t h .
t r ib a l i sm ,
whi l e
a wi t her ing o f
at
the
s o c ia l
s ame
impul s e s .
Thus , Co l l ier wr o t e 7 )
.
value s to t h e ir memb er s ; to
s tr iving
s,o c i e ty
is
to be
a
I t may ye t happen t h a t
that
a
the
t ime par t i c i pa t ing
Ind i ans wer e no t
s pe c i a l d eb t wi l l be
i : so c i e t i e s ar e
be
and
to
thing s ,
l iving
sour c e s of po·wer and
fun c t ion in a c on s c iou s ly
per s on'a l i ty
fu l f i l l e d .
fragmented ,
11
l iving ,
a s p ir ing ,
d e per sona l i zed urban man w i l l g ive thar.�s
And on tha t d ay , however far o f f ,
to ta l ly d e s tr oyed .
o·t-Je d John Co l l ier for having de f ined and exp lor e d the
t erms by whi c h the Ind i an peop l e cou ld
6/ 3 / 6 8 .
survive .
Nr . McHi ck le. is a memb er of the Con feder a t ed
He is a pro fes s o r of an thropology a t
S a l i sh and Xoo tenai t r i0 e s of Montana .
(From The :t-!a t ion ,
t h e Univer s i ty
t he
o c c a s ion
l i er wa s U .
o f S a s ka t chewan , Re g ina Campu s .
of Mr .
S.
Co l l ie r ' s d e a th on May
The ar t ic l e w a s wr i t ten on
4 , 1968 ,
Commi s s ioner o f Ind i an A f fair s from
at
1933
the age o f BL:. .
to
1945 . )
Hr .
Col
�(17 )
HUJ CKLE.Y
AP_ Oib TS
DEPU TY
COHriI SS IONE.R
The appointment o f i-ir . Kenne th c . Thomp son, 31, of Freepo rt , a s Deputy Com
.
.
IIU. s sioner fo r the Department o f Indian Affairs was announced on July 22nd by
Commi s s ioner Edward C . Hinckley.
Autho ri z ed by the 103rd Legi slature , th e
po s it ion marks the first new admini strative po sition ( othe r than cle ri c al ) since
the Departme nt b e gan ftl nc tioning in J anuary, 1966 .
A 1963 graduate of Colby College
Mr . Thomp son worked 2 � yea.F s as a So ci al
_
\ o rker fo � the Augusta Di s trict Health and Welfare o ffice an:i gained some a dmin-
i strative experi enc e ·whil e o n active duty with the Army National Guard .
He graduated from the U nivers ity o f laine ' s College of Law, r e c e iving hi s IL. B . degree
in June of this year.
Hi s s enior the s i s a t the l aw s choo l was entitl e d , 11The Dimini shing Dominion
o f the Penob s oo t Indi an s . "
· ir. Thanp son come s by hi s intere st in Ind i an affa ir s
throug h t he f a c t that hi s wife, the fo :nne r Eugenia Thom a s , i s a member of the
Penobs oo t Tribe of Maine ( an d edi tor of the l�iaine Indi an Newsletter ) .
· They have
two c hi ldren and currently re side in Ga rdiner .
Commi s si one r Hinckley e xplai ned that 1-ir .
Thomp so n ' s ch i ef ar ea of re s ponsib
ility "WO uld be in the fi eld s or hous ing , sanit at ion a nd other construction pro
He will b e continuing the
grams for all three of l\ "aine ' s Indian r e se rva tions .
rork started in Augus t , 1966, by •fr . Tony Kali s s , who was as signed to the De partAs a re sult of
ment by the Ameri can Fri e rrl s Servi ce Comm it t ee in that mont h .
of activity in t he development 0f housing and s ani tation facili t i e s - identifi ed
by th e Tri bes in e arly 1 966 as an important priority - almo st $1 , 500, 000 of st at e
and federal fund s are now available t o t h e 3 re serva tions for s anitation construction pro j e c ts .
ust pre c ede the fe derally- a s si sted hou sing programs fo r
Th es e
whic h t he 3 Tr ib al Hou sing Authoriti e s ar e applying .
P
SSAI·lA�'UODDY
CAMPGROUND 1-iANAGER PRAISED
( The fo llowing l et ter was s e nt to State Fore s t Commi s sione r Aus tin Wilkins on
Augu st 2nd , re ferring to the writer ' s experien c e at the Long Lake C ampgro und . on
the Indian Township Reservation .
A similar letter, from another camper last
y ear , appear ed in th e June ' 67 i s sue of the N ew sl ett er .
Ir. David So c tomah,
th e c amp ground
1 s
manager,
i s certainly to b e commended for his fine servi c e .
-
Ed . �
Washingto n and Jeffer son College
Dire cto r
Washington, Pennsylvani a
August 2, 1968
'i-Iaine Fore st Servi c e
St at e Offic e Buildi ng
04330
Augu sta, Maine
15301
Dear Sir :
During July of this year I had the pl easure o f camping for a few days at
your L:>ng Lake c ampground near Prin ceto n .
I wa n t to take this opportunity to thank and congratulate your d ep artment
for h aving suc h a fine
caretaker a s you h ave at Long Lake .
Never ,
in th e ye ar s
I have been c amp ing , have I me t a more dedi cated , consci entious a n d accomod ating
c ampg ro und operator - publi c or private - t han David So ctomah .
The attention
he giv e s to individu·al c ampe r s while tending t o t heir menial, and sometimes tr iv
i al, reque st s , sh ould pe a con sp icuous example to campground mana ger s everywhe re .
The ch e erfulne s s a nd e nthusiasm he di splayed while ai ding all campers oo lve the ir
individual c amping pro b lem s r eflect s great credit on your d epartment, hims elf ar.. d
th e Sta t e of · .. aine .
I hope you will s e e f it to forward this letter with any .additional comment
Thank you for a memorable experien c e .
you may c are to ma k e . ·
( Copi e s of the le tter we re forwarded to
So c tomah and Tribal Governor Steven s . )
lir .
ls /FREDERICK
s . HENRY
lieutenant Colone l ,
Artillery
�(18)
HOU SING ArD SAAI TATION PRO GRAhS CCH TJN UE
TO ADVANCE
The Penob s co t Housing Authority i s still wa iting fo r approva.l of its Pro 40 housing uni t �.
Although this h ad been
exp e c t ed some t ime ago , new po li ci e s within the Dept . of Housing and Urban Develepment r equired addi tio nal fo rm s to b e sul::mi tted .
Thes e were approved by the
Eeu sing Auth ori ty at it s first annual 1ne etin g �n August 7th .
Thi s s ame me eting
mc-rked the el e c t io n o f o fficer s fb r th e coming year .
Mr . Hett.h ew f'iit chell is the
new Chai rman of th e Authori ty, replacing ··1r . i"Iatthew Sappier, who wa s ele cted
Vic e Chai nn.an - a po sition fo rmerly held by Mr . Nit chell .
Hr . Irvi� Ranco was
re-ele �t ed Treasurer, and 1ii s s Eli zabeth Gould was el e ct ed Se cr etary of the Autho r
ity .
F ather Romeo St . Pierre is th e fi fth membe r of th e Autho ri ty .
In the meantime ., e ngine er s o f the J ames Sewall Company c ontinued p relimi nary
de s ign v.ork fo r sewage and water systems and f aci litie s fo r the Islaild, and have
ha.d s ever al meeti ng s wi th membe rs of the Authority regarding alt erna t ive plans .
The Plea s ant Poin t P a s s ama quo ddy Housi ng Authority h a s s ul::mi tted to th e
New York offi c e o f th e Dep t . of Housing and U rban Development it s preliminary
Pro gr am Re servatio n applic ati on f or 50 housi ng uni t s , and th e Indi an Township
Pas samaquoddy Hou s ing Authority ' s similar appli c at ion is expected to be sent to
New York shortly .
In addition, the Indi an Township Authority and the De pt . o f
Indi an A.f f air s have begun negoti ation s for federal funds to as s i st in s ewage and
wate r constr11 c tion in t he Princ eto n " Strip " area, made pos s ible by voter approval
o f the June 1 7 th bond i s sue que st ion .
The engineering finn of Wri ght , Pi erce,
Barne s and Wyman' is continuing in the prep arat ion o f final plans and spe cifica
tion s fo r wate r and s ewage sy stems at Ple a s ant Point , and a w a ter system at Pe"ter
Daha Po int on the Indi an Township Reservatio n .
On all 3 Re servations , members o f the Tribal Councils and Housing Authori
tie s ( and o f the Pas samaqu o ddy Community .Action Pro gram , in Washingto n County )
hav e co nstituted thems elves i nt o s choo l building commit t e e s , to advi se the Dept .
of Edu c ation in i t s plans for new s chool c onstruction o n th e 3 Re serv ations, also
- leeting s were held on the Reservamade po s sible by the June 1 7t h bond i ssue .
tions on Augus t 12-14 �Qth th ese committ e e s , official s of the Dept . of EducatiGn,
and the archite ct hi�ed by the Department fo r th e new s chool building s .
gram Res e rva tion appli catio n for
-
r-iEl-DRTuL
SERVICJ:.
HELD
WASH fa GTOl\i
A memor i al servi ce fo r Clyde Warrior, president o f the National
Indi an Youth Counc i l , militant spokesman for Indi an ri ght s and freedom and cham
pion o f Red Po-we r , was conduct ed in the Bureau of Indi an Affa i r s audito rium on
July 9th.
Mel Thom, leader o f the Indi an d elegation to the Poor People ' s Campaign and
Poo r Peop le ' s Co alitio n, and Robert L. Bennett, Commi s sio ner of Indian Affair s ,
were amo ng tho se who delivered eulogie s .
Warrior, a member o f t h e Ponca tribe ,
di ed a ft e r a ye ar ' s illnes s at the age of 29 .
The funeral was at th e home of
his grancl father, William Colli ns, i·n Enid , Oklahoma, a nd he was' buried at White
Eagle, Okla . , a SJIJ.all Indian community o n Indi an land .
,
Often calle d t he mo st dynam i c Indi a n l eade r of the past 20 ye ars, Warrior
bega n hi s c areer of compas sio nate advo cacy by atta cking the welfa re systa:n and
He
the pat t e rns of l and exploi t a tion and menial l abo r pre s se d upo n the Indians .
went o n to i ni tiate att ack s upon th e power and attitude s of the Bureau o f Indi an
Affairs and oth er goverrnnent a gencie s .
He was t he first Indian to partic ipate
in c ivil right s activitie s and wa s the o nly Indi an re presentative at the 19 63
He w:>uld have b e en the
c ivil rights Har c h on Washj ngton for j obs and freedom .
Ind ian leader of the Indi an cnnt.ingent at t.he Poor People ' s C ampaign, but fo r hi s
health .
( Cont.irmed on Page 19 )
-
�( 19 )
(Cont inued from Pa�e 1 8 )
�1 arr ior had b e e n a prominent and contro ers ia l l eader s ince 1 9 6 1 .
He �a s
founder of the Na t iona l Ind i an You th Coun c i l , wh ich drew cr i t i c i sm from the
e s t ab l i shed t r i u a l coun c i l s for i t s ac t ivi t ie s on b e ha l f of Ind ian r igh t s , and
iad s erve d as pr e s ident of the PIYC for the pa s t tHo years .
It was large ly
�
through h i s e f for t s
to
j o in for ce s
In h i s
that Ind i a n s be came agr e s s ive enough in s e e k i ng
the Poor Peo p l e ' s Campaign .
w i th
s t a t emen t at
the
al Ind i an Youth Coun c i l , s a i d :
a t a t ime t1h en we uere s c are d .
service
Mr .
Exe cut ive D i r e c tor of
He gave us
Thom ,
. : C lyde gave us
a
the ir r ig h t s
new hope .
t he Ha t i on
courag e
He l e d us to know what f reedom migh t be f o r our
pe o p l e .
For many o f us he turned the t ide when In� ian l i f e se emed to be a one
to oiJ l iv i on .
He fr ightened people wil:h h i s figh t again s t oppr e s s i on
of Ind ian p e op l e .
i!i th cry s ta l c l ear word s he could t a lk of our Ame r ican sys tem
' h i ch f ew Ame r i can peop l e und e r s tood • • • • Clyd e is gone bu t never forgo t t e n . i i
way road
C l yd e T �arr ior i·1emo r i a l S cho lar ship fund i s be ing e s t ab l i s he d ,
A nat ion a l
i th an annual s c ho l ai.- shi p to b e awarded each year t o a s tudent o f the Of f i c e
o f Economic Oppo-r tun i ty ' s UPHARD :UOUiID program ;
to
C lyde Harrior h a d b e en a con s u l
Con tr ibut ion s
UP,-Uum .;JOUND program s ince i t s b e g inn ing .
fund may be s e n t to : 1".ir . l·!e lv i n Thom , Ea t i ona l In d i an You th Coun c i l , 1
t an t and
the
to
adv i sor
the
Ho t e l C laremon t ,
Garden Circ l e ,
Berke l ey ,
94 705
Ca l i fornia
UZ.·J S Fr..Ol'-1 HERE Aim THERE
- The P l e a san t Po i n t Pa s s ama quoddy D ancers appear ed on Channe l b,.
on Ju ly 30th .
- G�ernor Kenn e t h M .
Cur t i s s e n t a congra tul a t ory l e t te r to
u s t 3th ,
during a vi s i t
v i s i t ing
the
Perry ' s
to
the
he ld o n Ju ly 2 7 - 28 th .
5 th Annual Pagean t ,
Tribe on t h e o c c a s ion o f i t s
s e s qu i cen tennia l ,
Penob s co t
On Aug
t h e Governor spen t an hour
P l e a s ant Po i n t Re s erva t ion and ta l!dng i:-Ji th Tr i b a l l eaders
Ind i an To, m s h i p Re s erva t ion .
and from t h e
'IV
(CHSJ)
from there
- Per s i s t en t Ind ian t rac! er s in }lan i t oba located an 8 -year -o l d g ir l and
her 4 -year - o l d cro the r who had been l o s t for
11
d ay s and n igh t s
nie chi ldren appear e d t o b e in s at i s fac tory shape ,
coun try .
in de s o l at e bush
d e s p i t e the '. even � .
- T h e adv i s ory commi t te e o f t h e Ha ine Federat ion of Homen ' s
to make
r e s o lu t ion was vo t e d
l igh t
Club s has vo t e d
In d i an a f f a i r s t h e Fecierat ion ' s prime pro j e c t f o r t h e coming y e ar .
late
in the a f t ernoon •
•
•
an d
to a c l imac t i c con c lu s ion , ; . ac cor d irtg to one repor t .
s t a tu s
: : The
the s e s s ion from no h igh
l i f t ed
D ur in g
the
l03rd Leg i s la t ive s e s s ion , the Federat ion a c t ive ly endor s e d Ind ian affairs con
s truc t ion r e que s t s , w i t h favor ab le r e sul t s .
�
Un iver s i ty of Maine an thro po logy s tud ent s t h i s summer have b een s tudy ing
an anc ien t gravey ar d in Pa s s adumkeag ,
� , 000 y e ar s ago .
b o t h ac t iv i t i e s
t e am is
A s e cond
be l i eve d to have been used
by Ind ians about
con t inuing work on a s i t e near E lue Hi l l ;
are und e r the s uperv i s ion of Dr .
Dean Snow ,
a s s i s tan t pro f e s sor
of An thr opo logy .
- Al l 3
one ye ar of
Tr i b a l Counc i l s have approved
the V I S TA teams ,
probat ionary train ing per iod •
- On Augus t 9 th ,
vi s i t e d
the
sent
the p l acemen t on
for
.
S ta t e Mu seum Direc tor Rob e r t Damm and 2 r e s e ar c h a s s o c i a t e s ,
P l e a s an t Po int and Ind ian Totm ship Re s erva t ion s
t i e s o f fut ur e
the Re s erva tions
l as t month to the Re s erva t i on s for a one -month
to d i s cu s s po s s ib i l i
t r i b a l mu s eums b e ing p lanne d for the P.e s erva t ion s .
The v i s i t
took p l a ce dur ing a tour of h i s tor i ca l s i t e s in !!ashing ton an d Hancock Coun t ie s ,
as par t of a s ta t e -t-1 ide inven tory by
- The
February
(See
type ma i l a t
ex t end ed
can ada
in
the Hu s eum s ta f f .
I nde p ende n t Po s ta l Sy s tem of Amer ica�
Page 20 ,
than U .
lower
s�rv i c e s
January
S.
Po s ta l Depar tmen t r a te s ,
to Dal las and S t .
S e p t emb e r .
s ider ab le numb er of
formed
in Ok l ahoma C i t y l a s t
' 68 Hews l e t ter ) w i t h 3 c l i e n t s t o hand l e 3 rd C la s s
Lou i s ,
and p l an s
now has 7 5 c l ie n t s ;
The Company announced p lans on i t s
O!d ahoma Ind i an s as emp loyee s .
has
to b e g in fun c t ioning in
forma t ion t o hire a con
�(20)
GIRL !'!EARLY DRCHHS rn <:UODDY DAY
PLEASAN T POU:T - A five -year -old Pas s amaquoddy Indian g irl was reported
in s at i s factory cond it ion Pedne s d ay night at a B angor ho s pital after she wa s
nearly d rowned here
Tue s d ay , August 1 3th .
Kathleen Lewey was b elieved to have become frightened by a dog as
she
played with other children on the steep rocky shore Hne of Pa s s amaquodd y Bay
and toppled dol-m the incline into the water.
The g,irl wa s taken to the Eastern
Maine General Ho s p ital.
Virginia F ranc i s ,
16 ,
s houts from other children ,
and Joyce Murphy ,
22 ,
were
including Rus s ell E a s s ett ,
s ummoned to the
5.
scene by
�li s s Francis
stated
that the other g irl wad ed into the icy water s to her shoulder s ,
but was unable
to re ach Kat hleen who was floating face
She then waded
into the water hers elf ,
down and uncon sciou s .
swam to the little g irl ,
and dragged her to shore .
" I went d ol-m thre e time s and was awfully tired when my fe et touche d bottom,
so I called for Joyce , who helpe d us in , ' 1 she said .
Re aching the shore , Bill
Rupert ,
a VIS TA worker ,
The
applied mouth-to -mouth re s piration s ucce s s fully .
g irl was the n t aken to the Eastport Hospital where
she wa s believed to have been
tre a t e d for a cut on her forehead and given oxygen before b e ing transferre d to
the Bangor ho s p i tal.
Lewey girl is one of 16 children in the fami ly of �Ir .
The
Lewey .
Mi s s F rancis was working at her j ob in the
the children called her for help.
She is
and Mrs .
Sabbatls
Ind ian CAP office at the time
a sophomore at Shead Memorial High
School in E a s tpor t .
by Governor
A recognit ion ceremony of the persons involved was arranged
Curt i s for Augus t 2 1 st ,
in Augusta .
A F L� FOR S TICKS
Lacro s s e enthusiasts like to boast that theirs is the fastest- growing sport
around .
that make s
But last week the lacro s s e boom came to a s i z zling stop - the factory
Unt il the fire ,
9 7'o of the lacros s e sticks in the world burned dm-m.
the Chi s holm Lacro s s e Manufacturing Company near Cornwall ,
Ontario ,
doing a rus h bus ine s s , with production thi s year slate d for a record
had been
7 2 , 000
sticks ,
2 2 , 00 0 more than last ye ar.
Not everyone can make lacro s s e
The Chi s holm company's
of s tickmakers .
The
75
s t icks ,
which ret�il at from
employe e s are all Mohawk Ind ian s ,
sticks
are made from s e lect hickory ,
$5
to
$ 1 7 . 50 .
mostly d e s cendants
so s elect
gdeed
�
mile s a year / look over
wood .
Back at the factory , the Mohawks s e t to with electric drills and sanders ,
but even with such modern gadgets it s till took a year to cure and bend the sticks
that Colin C h i s holm ,
the company founder ,
traveled
1 5 , 000
in proper fashion .
In Canad a , an e stimated
stick shortage before the fire .
took up lacros s e th i s s pring , and many had been playing with
Unle s s the plan t can get b ack into .production.-:: soon out sticks �f the ir own.
a highly unlikely event s ince it was un insured - there will be a shortage of
There was
2 5 , 000
a
young sters
3 , 0 0 0 to·
4 , 000
s tick s
(From Sports
just in Ontario alone
Illustrate d ,
•
•
•
•
6 / 10 / 6 8 )
DID YOU KNOH THAT
b anks in we stern Oklahoma had to clo s e their doors temporarily this month when
Che yenne -Arapaho Ind ians rece ived a $ 1 5 m illion claims paymen t from the U. S.
The money - paid by check - was for land their grandparents bad
government ?
reluctan t ly .and �without �dequate - �omp e n s a t ion . iti the lat e eighteen
'
E ach tribal memb er received approx imately $ 2 , 300 .
had to le ave ,
hundre d s .
�( 2. \ )
Con t inued f rom
Page 1 0 )
a t a c o s t of $ 5 . 5 0 for 13 i s s ue s , o r $ 1 0 . 00 for a l l 3
6 i s s ue s
L o t h mai l i n g a nd p r i n t ing c o s t s .
If
you
ar e i n t e r e s t ed
in
s ub s cr i l in g
uhi c h cove r s
t he paper or c on t r i � u t i n g
to
toward e i t h e r i t s ope r a t ing c o s t s or i t s ar t i c l e s ,
·
p l e a s e lrr i t e
:Jigwam Ue eld y
P.O.
,
to :
B ox; 2 1 2
Pr i n c e t oE ,
Ma i e ,
OL� 6 6 8
PAS SAMAQUODDIES ELECT
The
Pa s s ama qu oddy IH<l iar. s e l e c t e d
The e l e c t e d c a nd i d a t e s
and
vo t e s
total
tril a l
their
·
wi l l
1 2 l � ba l l o t s .
cas t s
l e a d e r s on Scpt:eml ·er · 3 .
fo l l w s . A t
e as
e .t n t Re s e r va t i on t h e � e were
s : vo t e s
Gove rnor :
Eu3ene F r an c i s
Li e u t en a n t Governor :
T i mo t hy Neue l l
5 0 vo t e s
Tr i b a l Coun c i l :
Mary A l tv a t e r
73 vo t e s
4 9 vo t e s
John B a i l ey
C 4 vo t e s
F r ed e r i ck F r an c i e
F r e d e r i ck Moore
Jeanne t t e Ne p t u n e
Ar t hu r
�1e Ne l l
R e pr e s en t a t iv e t o Leg i s l a t ur e :
e i gh
Ind ian Tmm s h i p
t y - f ive L a l l o t o .
G overnor :
72
5 4 vo t e s
vo t e s
A l b e r t D ana
Re s erva t ion e l e c t ed t h e i r
John S t even s
L i e u t e n an t Gove rnor :
Tr i b a l
vo t e s
61
Coun c i l :
�}2
f rom a t o t a l o f
votes
t!oe l Gabr i e l
Ph i l omene Dana
B a s i l LaCo o t e
D e l i a Mi t che l l
G e or ge
l ea de r s
9 2 vo t e s
S t eve n s ,
David Tomah
3 6 vot e s
l!.L� vo t e s·
33 vo t e s
SR .
3 4 vo t e s
3 9 vo t e s
Fred
( Ed i t or ' s
Tomah 4 1 vo t e s
Re s pre s e n t a t ive t o L e g i s l a t ure : A l � er t Dana 3 9 vo t e s
No t e :
Our conera t u l a t ion s go to the people tha t you have
e le c te d .
If 1e c a n s erve you , p l e a s e f e e l f r e e to a s l: . . Your s i s a b e t t e r gove rne d
tri� e uhen a l l of i t 3 memb e r s s e rve .
Remem0 e r y our vo i ce i s heard t hr ough
h" �l_? ine
1!1� ,
.n
-�I�:f ]-�. )
I.ANKG RUN S HO R T OF
AS
CASH
I l JD INNS RUN IN WI TH CHECKS
C l in t on , Ol� l a . - The F ed er a l Gov e rnme n t p a i d Che y e nne -Arapaho
$ 1 5 -mi l l ion l a s t 1e el: nnd a l mo s t for c e d �1e s t en O!�lahoma b anke r s
t he ir d oor s .
The mon e y
luc t an t l y in
-
p a i d by
check - uas
for
t h� · 1 a �e e ig h t e en hundr e a s .
l and t h e ir grand p e r en t s
Bu t
t he
i g � J , and much of the none�r ue n t for mo t cn: <.:yc l e .s ,
and a l co ho l .
( Con t inued on P a g e 2 2 )
che cks arr ived
u se d
c ar s ,
Ind i an i::
to
c lo s e
l e f t re
in Augu s t ,
t ap e r e c or d e r s
1
�( 22 )
( C o n t,i nue d from Page 2 1 )
t anks ran s hor t o f e a c h and s e n t ou t o f to1m for mor e .
Some s t opped
ca shing che c k s un l e c n t he Ind ian s d e po s i t ed par t of t hem .
One s t ore s o ld
50 � i cyc l e s and � ou t t ha t many t r i cy c l e s .
The Ind i au s r e ce ive d auout $ 2 , 300 e a c h f or their share of the l arrd
the Gove rnmen � L ought f or 5 c e n t s an acte in the l a t e 1 9 th c e n tury
.
G e or e e L otrry , pre s id e n t of the Okl ahoma Nat iona l B ank in C l i n t m ,
s a id , : � 1e h ad a l ol � y fu l l of Ind i an s a l l d ay Fr i d ay .
We had to qu i t cas hing
s one o f the che cl:s ' t hou3h , and r e qu i r e a depo s i t on par t of i t . ; .
F . E . Durlce ,
s ay pr ob aL ly
pr e s ident
of
the F ir t t Na t i ona l B ank of
t h a t d ay �.,e p a i d out
A d e par tme n t
Hammon ,
s aid
, · 'I '
d
$l� 5 , 000 t o $ 50 . 000 . 1 1
s t or e man a g e r s a id , "He ' ve s o l d a j i l l i on t ape r e corder c . ! '
T h e Ind i a n s h a d a cho i c e o f r e c e iving the money in sma l l e r paymen t s o r
at once .
Mo s t v o t e d to r e ce ive t he payme n t in a l ump sum .
( F r om t he Neu Yorl� Time s , 8 / 1 5 / 6fJ)
all
FRIED BREAD
l:. cup s
r:
f l our
t ;J s p .
2. t sp
b al� ing p o� 1der
1
2 t � s p non - f a t dry mi lk
salt
s hDr t ening
tbsp .
2 cup s i·1 arm i·ra t e r
S i f t a l l dry i ngre d i e n t s , mix i n shor t e n ing .
Gradu a l ly add uarm
t·Ja t e r , mix and ��n e a <.�. ·un t i l d ough is s o f t er ough to hand l e , l e t d ough r i s e ,
mo l d
on
in t o t a i l s .
Go l f t a l l
F l a t t e n ·ui th hand s ,
i urn .
s id e and
one
s ize .
ho le
ma!-.e
in cen t e r and
fry
in d e e p f a t .
Brown
Re c i p e by Hargar e t Ro s s
(From
t he Red_ Lak� rre_
s��Ve! t i on Heu s , Red Lake Ninn .
6 / 1 2 / 6fJ )
MAilffi UID IAU HAD D I S TINGU I S HED HILITARY RECORD
of t he P l e a s an t Po in t Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ian Re s er va t i on
S ab a t i s �li t che l l
in H a s h in g t on Com:ty im s
r e ce ived t he r i ght
Lu d d ie s
vi ce
s erv in e in
the Un i t e d S t a t e s Navy
to vo t e
c a l l e d h im ,
in a n a t i on a l e l e c t i on .
l a s t y e ar a f t e r
r e t ired
in Vi e tn am .
con c l ud e d u i th a year
,
20
le s s
ye ar s
a f t e r the Japal! e s e a t t a cl� on Pe ar l Har b or and 14
y e ar s
1 1Mi t c h ' ' ,
tha n tuo
b e fore he
as h i s Air Fo�ce
year s o f a c t ive mi l i t ary
He a l s o s e r ve d
ser
in W or l d Har I I and
the Kor ean c 9 nf l i c t .
Hi t c h � ·a s l,?e l c ome<l home
Ac
t he
t o ok advan taee o f
<l an c e pa c e ,
l i l· e d � Y
th e i r
D augh t e r s
s tand s
of
f or Ame r i c a ,
c o n t inued
f or e f a t he r s por t r ayed
t oday 011 t h e b ank o f
the Ame r i c an I).evo l u t :ion ,
t h e ir home l and ,
t he
t r ad i t i on· o f
i t s Ind i a n p opu l a t i on �
(From
the
ful l t r i b a l r e c a l ia .
Coa s t a l
set
a f ier ce
Ind i an b r o t he r s who �. e came
the ir her i t age o f unwr i t ten
Mi t ch r e c a l l e d he had o f t en perf ormed
l ong 1Je f ore
Po i n t h a s a .l ong h i s t roy of
P l e a � an t
bis
f e l lm,7 s er v i c emen for
o n t h e Nor th Ame r i ca� c on t inen t .
A monumen t
in
a d an c e rhy thm dur ing t he par ty , Mi t c h ,
Like many of
r e l ig i oP.. a11d h a-:... i t s ,
d a n c e s uhi c h h i s
f e l low Ind ia n s
out
the oppor t un i ty t o s hou f r i e nd .... h e c a n s t i l l
:. r og an s and a l l .
admi r e d and
l anguage ,
Ly h i s
I1 d ian drums l> e a t
f am i l i ar
dur ing
t he whi t e man came
the 1"'8DJ
to p :.l
c on triil �t ing manpowe r for Amer � c 1 .
e r e c ted l;y the
Pas s amaC!uod<ly r.ay ,
honoring s ome 40 Ind ian s who f ought
the Revo l u t ionary Har .
f ine mi l i t ary
s er v i c e g iven
Cour i er Ga z e t t e , 7 / ll�/ GC )
th e
Mi t c h has
Un i t ed S c a t e s u
�(2� )
S CHOT.AR S HIP OPPORTUNITY AT H . Y . U .
( The fo l l ouing informa t ion was recen t ly
rece ived t. y the De p t . o f Indi an Aff a i r s
from the As s oc iat ion o n Ame r i can Ind i an
Af fairs
in Hew York Ci ty, wi th the r e
que s t ' t ha t i t be pub l i c i zed as ui.d e l y a s
po � s ib e among the Ind ian commun i ty and
qua l i fied Ind ian s tuden t s .
It s hou ld be noted that the qua l if ipat i ons do no t
inc lud e an underg radQa te maj or in psycho
logy . - Ed . )
i
Th i s i s t o inform you of an e ffor t tha t the De partment o f Psycho logy o f
t h e Graduat e S c ho o l o f Ar t s and S c ienc e s a t New Yor� Unive r
s i t y i s unde r t aking
to t ry and recru i t as s tuden t s in tere s ted memhers of the mino r i t y groups of t h i s
coun try ,
The D e p artme n t in tend s to ac cep t s tuden t s from mino r i t i e s over and a)Jove
the regul ar quo t a s , to app ly f lex ib�e s tandar d s in evalua t ing the app l i can t s ,
and to try to g ive · me aning fu l academic h e l p where needed .
At thi s t ime i t i s
no t po s s ib l e to mal�e any promi s e s , L u t s er ious effor t s wi l l b e made to provide
f inan c i a l help a t a leve l 't·Jhich wou l d enab le fu l l - t ime s tudy .
The Depar tme n t
o ffer s degre e s (pr imar i ly the Ph . D . ) in Exper imen t a l , Social , Persona l i ty ,
Commun i ty l1en t a l He a l th , C l in i c a l and Ind u s t r i a l Psycho logy .
'·Je are in t ere s t e d in t aking s tuden t s for th i s Fa l l as we l l as for nex t
Inter e s ted app l i c an t s who ho ld a B . A .
year .
1
shou ld -wr i t e imme d i a t e ly t o :
degree
Dr . Richard Koppena a l
De par tme n t o f Psychol ogy
l!ew York Univer s i ty
1 0 th F loor Bro'\>m Bui lding
N. Y .
-Jew York,
At tn :
Mr s .
B.
10003
S chwar t z
( I£ any pr o spe c t ive app l i can t s d o not rece ive app l icat ion forms fr� � �� . Y . U .
1i thin a reasonab le amount of
t iine a f t e r the ir in i t ia l inquiry,
the A s s o c iat ion on Amer ican Indi an Af fairs co l l e c t at
they may c a l l
21 2- 6 8 9 - 8 7 20 . )
ItID IAN HERITAGE CLAS HE S WITH �·THITE CULTURE
Ar i zona Ind i an s ar e d e s t ined t o be come 1 comp l e t e ly submerged in
the l arge,
gray ma s s of Amer i can Hed iocr i ty , " ac cord ing t o a d e s cend an t of one o f the
Southwe s t ' s mo s t ho s t i l e Indi an chie f s .
The pre d i c t ion wa s mad e , somewhat regre t fu l ly , by Mr s . Juana P . Lyon, o f
Phoenix , who s e gre a t -grandfather, Quanah Parker , and h i s Comanche war r i o r s terror
i zed fTo n t i er s e t t l emen t s a cen tury ago • • •
Mr s .
p l o yment
Lyon i s
Serv i ce .
superv i sor o f s erv ice s to Ind i an s wi th the Ari zona S ta t e Em
She is the f ir s t to hold t h i s newly created po s t and adv i s e s
the s ta t e agency concern ing emp loyment pro v lems which are un i quely Indian .
Un
emp l oytnen t and pove r ty among Ind ian s , accord ing to non - Ind ian s tandard s , are
con s idered extreme ly high .
About 100, 000 l ive on Ar i zona ' s 19 r e s erva t ions and
from 5 , 000 to 1 5 , 0 00 , depend ing on the season of the year, l ive in urban area s .
" The d i f ferent e thn i c or ien t a t ion among Ind i an s , 1 1 Mr s .
' make s
t hem ,
emp l oymen t
in many c a se s ,
as
d i f f i cu l t
such . "
: 'For ins t ance ,
Lyon exp l ained ,
to employ b e cau s e they are no t oriented tm arc
·
there ar e many Ind ian behavior pa t t erns
tha t ,
In this
r e f l e c t unfavor ab ly on Ind ian j ob app l i c an ts , n s he said .
1"1r s . Lyon ana ly zed the fre quent ly expr e s sed opinion tha t Ind ian s
want to wor k ;
that
Ind i an s ar e concerned ,
such as
conne c t ion
s imply d on ' t
they ' r e jus t p lain l a zy .
" 'lll er e are two answers t o t h i s
goal s,,
unle s s exp lainet
s t a tement , i i
you mus t re cogn i ze
pr e s t ig e ,
"As
she s a i d·.
that they
progre s s and p er sonal advancemen t .
mo a t Ar i zona trib e s i s that the ind ividual i s a member of
(Con tinued on Page
24 )
far as Ar i zona
are no t or_iented to ab s tr a c t
a
The ph i l o sophy o f
coamunity and shou ld
�( 24 )
(Cont inued from Page 2 _ )
no t push hims e l f ahe ad of his f e l low men .
If he doe s , many time s there ' s a
concentrated e ffor t to pu l l him down , 1 1 Mrs . Lyon po inted ou t .
n1.e se cond r eason for the apparen t lack o f ini tiative among Ind ians i s
r e lated t o the c lan ' s share -and -share -al ike sys tem.
"Anyone b e longing to the
s ame c l an is con s id ered a b lood rela t ive , I i she said .
1 An Indian who feels
tha t a r e l a t ive has some thing he needs can go and �s!< him for it .
For examp le :
If I , as an Indian , have a j ob and earn , s ay , $ 500 a month , I cou ld '�ind up
suppor t ing 50 r e l a t ive s .
In my c lan sys t em, i t i s re quired 't hat I give a
r e lative . whatever he wan t s .
There fore , where does this leave the incentive ? 1 1
.
she s a id .
(From 'llle Native Nevadan , 6/ 2 9 / 6 8 )
DIVISIOH OF INDIAH SERVICES ADVISOO.Y B OARD MEE TS
PLEASANT POirJT - The Advi s ory Board of the D ioce san Divi s ion of Indian
Service s me t at Pleasant Po int on July 1 3 th .
demb ers at tend ing were : Governor
Jo seph Mi tche l l , Governor John S tevens , Father Nicknair , Father S t . Pierre ,
Father O ' To o le , Mr . Ar chie LaCoote ( Pa s s amaquod dy CAP) , Mr . Wayne t1eue l l (A . F . S . c . :
Mr . Albert Dana ( Ind ian Township Par i s h Counci l ) , Ur . Omar Nor ton and Mr . James
�ro�m (Dept . of Educa t ion ) , and Mr . Loui s Doy le , Coord inator .
The me e t ing was cal le d to order at 4 : 30 P . M. and the opening prayer was
o ffered by Father Nicknair .
E l e c t ion of officer s was the f ir s t ord er of bus
ine s s .
John S t evens and Jo seph Nicho las were nominated for Chairman .
A tie
vo t e was ende d when Governor S tevens announced that he wished to withdraw :l.n
favor of Mr . Nicho las , and �� . Nicho l as was then e le c ted unanimous ly .
John S t evens , Wayne Eewe l l , and the Penob scot Tribal caunc il ' s represent
a t ive to the Advi s ory Board (unnamed) were nominated for Vice -Chairman .
.The
f ir s t vote resu l ted in a t ie b e tween John S tevens and the Penob scot repr e se�ta
t ive ; a second vo te e le c te d John S tevens .
S i s ter Mary Car itas was the only one nominated for Secretary , and so was
unanimous ly e le c ted ,
Hr . Doyle pre sented his repor t to the Board , describ ing
act ivi t i e s in the are as of hea l t h , educa tion > comnun i ty involvement and sumner
ac t ivit ies .
Coun s e l l ing and placement in independent secondary s cho o l s or co l
leges has been provided to 10 Ind ian s tudent s - a l l placement s involve some de
gree of financial as s i s tance .
Much int ere s t was shmm in the propo sed Tribal Leader ship Education Project
be ing prepared by the D ivis ion , and in Ricker Co l lege ' s propo sed Indian Scho lars
P..:-ogr am .
nt e Board unanimous ly agreed tha t or ientat ion should be provided to a l l
non - Ind ians coming onto the re serva t ions to work and that Ind i an s should be
( S ee s tory on Page 1 . - Ed . )
the pr inc ipal in s truc tor s in such programs ,
'nle Board r e que s te d l1r . Doyle to write to Mr . Dan Francis thanking him
for car ing for the recreationa l e quipment from last summer ' s vo lunteer program
and r e que s t ing him to turn this e quipment over to the Tribal Recreation Dire c tor s ,
Mr s . Mary A l t avater and Mr . Francis Sapie l .
111� nex t mee t ing of the Adv i sory Board wa� s chedu led for Tuesday , Septembe�
1 7t h , at 7 : 30 P . M. at Pe ter Dana Po int .
D ID YOU KNOW THAT
.rfargar et R. &tlth, daughter of ·fr . and l irs . Lawrence Fenalson of Prin ceton, be
came th e bride of Clayton s. Bailey, son of Nr. and · irs . Frank Bailey of Prince
The bride is em.ployed as a bookkeeper of th e Pa ssamaquoddy
ton, o n August lath ;
_
Comnunity Action Program :
- or th at about a dozen Ind ian s , r epresenting the Ni.cmac , Pequot , Pass ama
Bo ston
quoddy, Penob s cot and Wampano ag Tribe � perfonned c eremo nial danc e s o n the
Augu st 11th , on the eve of " American Ind ian Day " in Ma s sa c hu sett s ,
cormnon on
a s pr o c la im ed by Go v . Volp e ?
�MAINE INDIAN
NEWSLETTER
42
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S TREET
GARD INER ,
MAINE
04345
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c
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If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
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The abbreviation o f
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MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
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�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Aug. 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-08
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-458
-
https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/12a95f3b79ee6ec5a47bf6a0fcd04fe3.pdf
f1accf04ed0c34470119030c98a68212
PDF Text
Text
NEW
VOLUME 3, NUMBER
E
4
P E N 0 B S C 0 T
N E W S
Indian Island Girls' Club
The Girls' Club would like to elcome Sister Eugenio to he Island.
We are looking forward to her arrival. The club haF bL�n quit� successful
in most projects it has worked on.
Although the club shows a slight lack
of motivation it will take on new projects and may soon join with the boys'
club. This will be the start of a teen-age club with all members of high
school age.
Present members of the Girls' Club are Carol D ana, Presedent, Pam
Norwood, Vice President, Faye Bisulca, Secretary, Mildred Lolar, Treasurer,
Barb Fran�is, Sargent-at-arms.
Division of Human Relations
As most people know Sister Caritas who was working with the Bureau
o f Human Relations, has recently been replaced. It has been pleasant know
ing her.
The teenagers of the island miss her and would like to thank her
for all she has done in helping the club and others. We are sorry we did
not see her �efo�e she left as neithe r of us kneN when she was to leave.
We will soon be working with Sist�r Eugenio.
1
Indian Island Band
The group from Indian Island will soon be fully organized. They have
pl�yed at many dances at the Tribal Hall. It takes much work and practice
but so far the group has stuck together.
They have not yet ado�ted a name.
Members of the group are Sparky Clark, Paul Francis, Mike Rance and Doug
Frr.inr.is.
attending college or away at school are Michael Ranco, Paul
Jr� George Tomer and Erlene Paul at the University of Maine.
Stephen Mitchell and Nicholas Dow are at Husson. At Eastern Maine
'/n'!:-il:.i r.n�l Institute are Ow:::n Lolar and Geoffrey Goslin.
Ava fou1�0, daughter of Mr. and fv'lrs. Irvin Ranco of Indian Island
will soon be jojning the WACS. She will be stationed in Alabama, and will
leave sorn8time in ,Jal'111ary.
Boys in the Service
There are about four boys from Indina Island ho are now in the
service. Bi)gene Loring Jr. is in Viet Nam. John Mitchell Jr. and Kirk
Loring are stS3.t.ioned at l.<' I:. lh·ae;g, Hoi·th r.l'n:o 1 -t na.
Steven l'e1�tune h-"l.s just come ho:1c from the service. He was stationed in
Francis
S�ndP.nts
Germany.
Mr. and f111·r:-. lta 1 ph Brosch� rd and family cam� fl' om Somerville
' New
Tersey t o v i.si
.
"t M r. and l·ko. P;:i '" •) ,,n Tru.U ::\H T:s 1 nnd. They c��me for the
Th-3nksgivine HnlidA.y.
·
Carol Dana
Penobscot Reporter
�(2)
BREAD AND
WATER JAIL
Rev. C. E. B. Harnsberger, a priest in the Rosebud Mission of the Epis
copa1_�h�rcj}J has comp�����-���ence of bread and w�ter to Hitler's Gestapo.
!imposed on a citizen of this country,.,
The former Rosebud priest,
1he wrote in a letter to the Rapid City
now stationed at White River, made
the comment after reading wherq the
�ournal.
Fr. Harnsberger lived in Bo•
Hot Springs city court had sentenced
&prings for seven years.
three Indian persons to bread and
"One questions whether such an
water for fifteen days.
The two men and a women also extreme penalty would have been imposed
received fines with 30-day jail sen- on non-Indians, " rre added.
Fr. Harnsbergcr noted that
tences, Fr. Harnsberger said.
'
The sentences were for public intox- trouble may corJe if citizens "can sit
ication and disturbing the peace.
back and be complacent about the type
"I never thought that I would of justice that prevails in mAny o f our
communities thruout the state. "
live to see the day when a medieval
He added that "we must be consentence of bread and water would be
cerned about laq and order
but we
:just be just as concerned that justice
(From the Rosebud Sioux Herald, Rose- prevails for all people--not justice
bud, Sou-rll Dakota, December 16, i9t;8) 'for some 1 while oth rs are excluded."
_ _
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L E T T E R S
T 0
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E D I T 0 R
T H E
Dear Editor,
As former residents oD Pleasant Point, this it�m may be of interest
to friends and rel�tives at the reservation.
Miss Carol Ann Stanley 16, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Stanley is
being honored for her corttribution to the Y. W. C. A. of the Hartford area.
On Friday, Nov. 8th she left for Vashington D. C. and \"lill at tend
the World Fellowship service in the National Cathedral on Sunday, tour
the White House and visit Arlingtol') National Cemet�ry.
Carol is a Junior at Penney High School, East Hartford, Conn. , SecAch i o'remP11 t and An active member of Blessed Sacre .ie n t C. Y. 0 .
retary of Jun i. ·
Sincerely,
Mr4 and Mrs. Jonn Stanley
East Hartford, Conn.
.
•
Editor,
I received my fir st copy of Maine Indian Newsletter and found it very
good reading.
I also receive the American Hzritage every other month. The issue
of December has a article on the Seneca Indian in Penna. and New York
.
The name of the ,article is "Cornplanter, can you sHim. " It is about
the Allegheny Resevoir behind K�nzua Dam and the taking of 10, 000 acres'
of the Indian only habitable land which ran along the Alleghany River,
and deliberately breaking an Indi�n treaty in order to do sq.
It was the oldest active treaty, made in 1794 with the Cornplanters,
SPne��A and five other Indian rations.
Thanking you for your fine publication.
Clarence Avant
Newburyport, Mass.
(LETTERS con t.:i rni.ed on page 4)
DON IT FORGF.T TO HF.NF.W ymrn Rlffi�,"!'IH1?TION
N()T'l'rJRORRlJR RUOY WENER o·r 'l'EGROF TI NOD
Dear
•
•
•
�(3)
E D
'r.tiE i·
-
I T 0 R I A L S
1 ;� ··:NDIA..\T NE1·iS LETTER
(�rrs.) Eugenia T. Thompson
(Penobscot)
1ews and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication at the
following address:
Maine Indian Newslett er, 42 Lib rt y St., Gardiner, Me.
Zip code-04345
Tclephone-582-5435
EDITOR:
A PUBLIC CHARGE
"America has much to learn about the heritage of our American Indians.'
�hese words of John F. Kennedy, in the introduction of the American Heritage
Book nf Indians, places upon us a public charge as the old year ends and a
new year begins.
Now that t he fighting, massacring, killings arc over, (except on tv)
we must lust for a new t ruth and a new approach to the Indian problam.
We
hope that the new lust will include a desire for rBflection in ourselves
as members of a great tribe called America. To reflect of tha spiri.t which
kept our Indian trib s together in times of hardsh�p and harves�, and t o
reflect on continuing our concern for our brothers whether they b e red,
black, -yellow or white, should be our foremost resolution.
We hope for research to find the historical pag0s of misprint,
mistruths, and omissions.
We hope for a return to the history books and
replace the errors \1ith t he truth. �Je hope for this renovation so t hat our
children will read in th ir history books of proud, intelligent and cour
ageous ancestors.
We hope revenge ill not occur so our children with proper diet
and e ducation will stand straight again.
We hope that the nev year will not renege on it s prornis s and that
we all can work for a better read yest�rday, a healthier and heartier today,
and a bigger :and great r tomorrow.
(ETT)
NOTES
Don It forget to send in your renC:ffrnlcoupon in order for you to
keep on receiving the Newsletter.
Please con ti nna to send in those clip11ings of articles on Indians,
from your newspapers, newsletters, magazines, w can use.them.
Continue to send in your friends names names, as we can send them
a complementary copy of the Newsl�tter to acquaint them.
Continue to write to us telling us what t ribe you are a member of,
and what you have been doing, as the news is inter sting to our read�rs who
include your relatives, and friends.
Keep h�althly and God bless you.
1
(Continued from page 5)
Advancement Awards for Graduate Study
For more informatiQn, a student should write to the Graduate
Registration Officer of the. department in w}ich he proposes to study, or
to (Dean Robert K. Weatherall, Associat e Director of Adaissions, Room 3-132, )
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Caibridge, Mas�achusetts
02139.
�(4)
(!ETTERS continued from page 2)
Dear Editor;
Just a short letter to you, I get this Indian newsletter From Maine,
and it is a very interasted, and that is good, I think them Indians got
it made, and us Cherokees we are doing a very well, any way it good to be
alive the next thing, I will be Published the Cherokee newsletter the next
f ew months, I will be senting you one Each time.
This is what I was want to ask you about, can you sent a man a News.letter? he is a fullblood cherokee Indian, Just like I aw full blood
Cherokee, so he want to know if you can 'send him one ach month?
Here is his name.
(Editor's note:
�.Je have added his name to our mail
ing list and he will receive a subscript�on each month for as long as he is
an Indian and as long as there is n. Ma i ne Indian �cwsl�tter.)
Hes the man wants one each month, he ask 1.1e to write to you about it,
I was at Maine about year ago this month, I was at Pleasant Point, I knew
john Mi tche 11, he is at old t o,vn, Maine, also I knev1 Nary Yarmal,
Theres
is a few Pa:=;s::u,1aq1loddy Indians, that I know, and they know me to, I sing
in Cherokee for them, and they so did liked my song, I think most Ev ry
body did in state of Maine and also at Middletown Conn to:
Well best wish to every body up there:: MY N.AflE IS SAl H HAIR
HF.L LO EV �RY BODY
FROM FRIEND
Sam H Hair
Tahlequah, Okla.
•
•
•
] 1 n r-1 '-. �;.a.itor,
I am curious who contributed for my subscription.
I am v�ry pleased
to receive it monthly. I am of Wabanaki descent through Nokomis, who still
lives in South Portland, Me., and will be 82, Dec 1. She as born on Great
Chebeague Isl�nd in Casco Bay, and grew up with many of the Penobscots and
PasF;ar.1;:iqaor�<l i.e s who came there summers.
Her family stayed all year, however.
My wife is an Oklahoma Cherokee, from the city of Muskogee., and most
of her relatives live there.
rPlease enter a subscription for: Growling Bear (fenobscot)
His Chr5stian name is Francis Curtiss Nicola (Nicolar), and he is son of
Mr. and l"'irs. Ralph Nicola Sr., ..Vest St., Indian Island, Old Town, Le., grand
son of late Chief Albert Nicholar.
Growling Bear is pursuing Indian cultural employwent as a sideline.
Hf: j i:: Rn elect1·orii c b=ichni ci.an, now at IBM.
F.nclosed are three news items which may be of interest to your read
ers. I work as AP wire editor one day a week when the r gular �ire editor
has a day off.
The (Ro�e) Sentinel publishes 6 days a week. Oth�r days, I
cover Oneida ·county gcwerniaent. This is the home of the Oneida Ir.oguois
Nation, and there �s a reserve in Oneida County, and another over the line
in Madjson County, south of the City of Oneida.
The two reserves are separ
ated by Oneida Creek.
Among the Onejdas is a St. Francis Abenaqui man, Raymond Robert O'Bom
sawin, 11H� carries the torch", ( v�aban-sawino), son of the late Chief Louis
Robert 01�omsawin. The family does not curr0ntly ·reside on the reserve,
and I do �E�t have their address.
He is a high-steel man; as are many
One:i d-as.
TtJ.C Mohawks, of course, a.re ®st famous for their high-steel work.
If you want !.lOre information on who will be the next head chief
of the Iroguois League, I suggest you in'quire of the adopted son of Chief
Thomas, and please enter a subscription for him:
Richard Brewer (Onondaga)
I a:n coucer11ed lest the Penob�cot-Abena,g_ui 'dia 1 cct die out completely,
ri11cl
+h� l''l..n0�rnr•(111<••l1l.v- h,..1_,.,.,:i t:i� dialect
be so ;trl11l tr:r<-'1t.Prl t:hnt. the Maine
( 'cr.nt'i.TL'\1.•� 1: ''11 I'·<lge 5)
·
�(5?
(Continue d from page 4)
Indian Youth lose its cultural bene fit and enrichment. May I suggest lan
guage l0ssons each month in the The Newsletter?
If you like, I will start
the m, and other interested persons can continue them, fer as long as the
paper is published.
There ne ed never be an end.
Also I am pleasc.d that such progress is being mado under Commissioner
Hinckley, and I commend not only hiill but each Wabanaki illan and woman who has
dete rmination enough to stand up and speak for what the y believe is right!
Required re ading:
"The New Indians", by Stan Steiner,. 1968, Harper
and Rowe, $7.50
get it at the library!
It tells about the new "red power"
movement, and is an e xciting book.
I went to the Uniy. of New Me xico with
Herbert Blatchford (Navajo), mentioned in it. Clyde Warrior, also promin�nt
in the book, died in July, was buried near Ponca City, Okla.
The peace of the Great Spirit be with you.
Richard Bounding Elk (Gaffney)
Rome, New York
De ar Editor,
I thought you would find this article of interest and might want to
incor�orate something from it in your e xcellent newsletter.
I had a very intere sting trip into northern Quebec Province where I
visite d several Cre e and Montagnais reservations. You can i@agine my sur
prise to meet a Penobscot living on the Montagnais Boint Bleu Re serve on
Lake St. Je 8f !
In the rorth-subartic region many Indians live in tents all
ye ar round, even when the temperature dips to -60°. Non-Indians are not
allowe d to hunt on re serve lands and commercial intere sts have not yet in�
vaded their land.
Sincerely yours
Nicholas Smith
-
ADVANCE '.tEJ�T M/ARDS FOR GRADUA'rE STUDY
Fortx f�:U-9�.§l!_ip� �!}�--�.§���tantships are offere d for award in 19691970 to promising students who in pursuing thPir educational objectives have
had to overcome the handicaps of poverty or pre judice. The awards are e spec
ially interldcd for Ne groes, Spanish-Americans, Mexican-Americans, American
Indians, and residents of the Southern Appalachian and Ozark Mount�in areas.
The awards are re st ricted to U.�. citizens.
The awatds will support candidates for
Programs of graduate study.
Architecture, Biology,
the master's or Ph.D degree in the following fields:
Chemistry, City .Planning, Econo·ics, Engine�ring, Geology and Geophysics,
Linguistics, Management Mathematics, Meteorolgy, Nutritio� and Food Science,
Oce anography, Philosophy, Physics, Political Science, Psychology.
The M.I.T. General Catalogue should be consulted for details of department'
offer�ngs in these fi�lds. Programs ill be planned on an individual basis-
following th� Graduate School's normal practice--to wee t students' particular
circumstance s.
Cha�acte� of the awards.
Whether an award takes the furm of a fe llow
ship or assistantship will d0pend on the recipient's preference and the adva�:
tage s e ach t ype of award ap9ears to offer in his case. Each award �ill cover
tu'tion and provide a stipend, afte r deductions, of not less than J200 a mon��
for a single student. Awards will range higher.for students with dependents
and students giving other e vidence of financial n�ud. Awards will be renawe d
from ye ar to year, in the furm of fellowship or assistantship support, nr all
students making satisfactory progress.
Application will be on the standard M.I.T. application form for grad
uate school adwission and financial aid, obtainable from the Director of Af;.
missions., A candidate should indicate on the rorm that he wishe s to be consj0ered for an Advance ment Award. !EE._lication �h���d_J?_���d�-�February 1.
(Continued on page 3)
�(6)
DEAR READER,
IF YOU WILL REIJEl.T YOUR SUFSCRIPTIOlT TO THE
l'IBWSLETTER
YOU CM! cm.rTINUE TO RECEIVE MOi: '.!.HLY C OPIES OF MAIHE'
S OELY
H1DIAN NEWSPAPER.
YOU WILL
lJOTICE Olil YOUR MAILING LABEL THE INITIALS FOR
THE ABEREVIA TI0111
OF THE MONTHS OF
THE Y EAR.
YOU WHEN YOUR SUBSCRIPTION WILL RUN OUT.
YOUR LABEL SAYS "DEC",
J:..EY1�!l
TELL
THIS WILL
FOR EXAMPLE,
IF
YOU WILL NOT RECEIVE JANUARY'S NEHS
AS Y< flR NAME WILL HAVE EEEN TAKEN OFF THE MAILING
J.1ST.
WE HAVE ENJOYED pu·n·rnc OU T THE NEWSLETTER AND HOPE THAT YOUR
YOllR TN'll!:RF.S'f TN TT H IJ.T, COU'fJNUF..
JAS'f fAGE AND FILL OUT THE COUPON
IF SO,
AND SEND
THEN TURN TO THE
I N YOUR NAME .
MOST SINCERELY,
EUGENIA THOMPSON
U.11HANS OF THE EASTERN S EAB OR D
seahos:i:d Indians be J .•ugu.l t-o t.:hf!
They were
the Jood l and People.
All of the Atlantic
cultural di.vlfiJon kuown as
fishfng,
of all three.
primarily a hunting,
a
combination
or
an agrh:ulLural
The homes t he y built suited the
weat her
people or
and their customs.
In the �orth houses were conical shaped bark and round bark-cov
ered wigwnms.
In the central
and also bark-covtred.
of families.
by stockades.
ar e a
they were long in sh ape
Each house wa s occupied by a number
Large village s were fortified and surrounded
In the warm<"r climate, hou s es wer� open shelters
with thRtched roofs.
In the far north, Indians or t g i na te d the light birchbark canoe.
Other boats were o�Je from lozs ch�r�ed on one side and then expertly
gouged out and sh���d with sh�rp-ed5�d stones,
shElls.
For wint�r
hor�,
or strong
travel over dc.�p snow the northern Indians
invented the snowshoe and the tobagga n .
(Fr m.!_nd_ians .Qf__�h�_J:a_:-tern Sca:·rn�Td,
Price 15 cents)
201+02
Washington, D.C.
-
U.S. Pr int in g Office,
�(7)
STATEMENT IY RICHARD M.
Issued to The
NIXOl\
rational Congress of American Indians
Omaha, Nebraska,
Sept.
27,
1968
The sad plight of the American Indian is a stain on the honor of the Amer•
ican people.
Historically, thes� native Americans who shared the first Thanks
givi g and guided restless explorers across the American continent have been
deprived of their ancestral lands and reduced cy unfair federal polices and de
meaning paternalism to the status of powerless wards of a confused-Great Uhite
Father.
Today, many of the 600,000 American Indians living on reservations suffer
limitations, disabilities and indignities that few disadvantaged groups in America
suffer in equal measure.
Their infant mortality rate vastly exceeds the average
for the nation as a whole.
Their education level is inexcu!eably low in spite of increased federal
spending on Indian education,
and their motivation is sapped by an educational
structure which forces them to reject their own culture as the price of educa
tional ad,ancement.
Their unemployment rate is 10 ti�2s the national average.
Their average
family income is far below the national average and, in some areas, below $500
per year.
inety-five per cent of their housing is totally inadequate and im-
provements are stymied by bureaucratic restrictions on efficient production.
Off the reservations, many Indians, some of them unwisely relocated by
the federal government, have not been successfully assimilated and find them
selves confined to hopeless city reservations of despair because of lack of
education and
skills.
The causes of these tragic problems cannot be confined to the 19th century
era of expansion or excused as the gro,ing pains of the nation.
The Indian
people have been continuous victims of unwise and vacillating federal policies
and serious, if unintentional, mistakes.
Their plight is a citter example of
what's wrong with the bankrupt old approach to the problem of minorities.
have been treated as a colony within a nation - to be taken care of.
They
They
should - and they must - be made part of the mainstream of American life.
To their great credit, the Indian people are not occupying themselves
with the errors of the past.
Many of them - seizing thin threads of opportunity have ruade great contributions to our society.
How they are striving for a brigh
ter futu=e.
To help them reach the goals that they themselves have set and will set,
my administration will be pledged to the follouing policies:
The special relation�hip between the fed�ral government and the Indian
people and the special responsibilities of the federal government to the Indian
people will be acl�nowledged.
Te� in�tion of trib�l recognition will not be
a
policy objective, and in
no case will it be imposed without Indian consent.
·!e must recognize that American society can allow many different cultures
to flourish in harmony, and we must provide an opportunity for those Indians
wishing to do so to lead a useful and prosperous life in an Indian environment.
n1e right of self-<l("t:erm:in�tion of the Ind:i.an peo�le will be -res?ected
and thr�i.r parti.c.l.pation in planniug their m.vn d��tiny w i.11 be encom.·aged.
I will cppose any effort to t:Tn.n-,f::r juriscl • �tion over Indian Ileservations
with011t Indian consent, will fully suppo!:"t the �Ia.c.: onal Council on Indian Op�wr
tc.n:!.ty and en ure th.::!.t th� I=i.dian p'"'r,, ·1.e are fully consulted before progr�ms
unc!er l7hi.ch the!' mu�t liv� .J.r-e plrnn�d.
I '.1..l l arpo�nt a q··zli i:ir::d I:"'..C.a.a me�ber to the Indian Clair.is Co'IJlmission;
wiJ 1 s�e to it that loca1 p?"q;r�.-:i'. �::�') .:'..:<Jr, 1 buc!g �i�s .a.rn o. crn.t�d with
minimum
bureaucra�ic restraint and in f1,)
c0<i"nl t-ni..l n w:i :-ii th.e> 11�<lJ ::in people l>ho shoulO.
(Continued
on Page
D)
I
'
�(8)
(Continued from Page 7)
achieve increasing authority and responsibility over programs affecting them.
Independent school boards, funded at government expense, must be urged
for each government .. run school.
tion law and other programs.
be under Indian management.
Tribes should be urged to tate over reserva ..
Road construction and repair activities should
School service contracts for running school buses
or for operating a school lunch program, should be funded as they are now but
i
should be an activity of the Indian people themselves rather than of the federal
government •
The economic development of Indian reservations will be encouraged and the
training of the Indian people for meaningful employment on and off the reserva
tion will have high priority.
To date,
/
the basic error of attempting to ltrain the Indian work force
only for off-reservation jobs has been the major cause of the lacl: of normal
progress on the reservation.
My
administration will promote the economic development of the reservation
by offering economic incentives to private industry to locate there and provide
opportunities for Indian employment and training.
Large companies uhich have already located on reservations have been
highly impressed with the reliability and productivity of Indian workers.
companies can provide a stable economic base for a reservation and can,
should,
Such
and
be encouraged to permit the Indian people to share in the fruits of
their enterprise.
The special development problems of smaller reservations will also be
recognized and the administrators of government loan programs will be encouraged
to take businessmen's risks in sponsoring Indian enterprises.
Moreover,
the recreation and tourist potential of Indian reservations can
be improved as a source of continuing independent income which uould in turn
fuel further Indian-sponsored development.
tion.
Job training for Indian people must ce accelerated on and off the reserva
I have promised my full backing to the Vocational Education Act and will
see to it that the Indian people enjoy the full tenefits of its provisions.
'llle administration of federal programs affecting Indians will be carefully
studied to provide maximum efficiency consistent with program continuity.
A first priority of my administration will be a thorough study of the
executive branch by an independent connnission patterned on the Hoover Commission.
The coordination of the various programs affecting the Indian people will be
an important ttatter on the agenda of that commission.
I will particularly direct that attention be given both to the ultimately
desireable administration of Indian affairs and to methods by which a smooth
transition from the existing structure can be effected.
I will instruct the
commission to eliminate needless bureaucratic levels which insulate decision
making from the Indian people.
Improvement of health services to the Indian people will be a high priority
effort of my administration.
Tile Eisenhower Administration revitalized health
programs for the Indian people and sharpl
sis and the infant mortality rate.
y
reduced the death rate from tuberculo
Now new progressive steps are direly neces-
sary.
Looking to the future, my Administration will stress programs of preventive
medicine,
additional modernization of health facilities,
and assure greater
progress in the delivery of health services to the Indian people.
The Indian people have long responded to deprivation and hardship by seeking
to utilize the processes of orderly change.
termination,
Through their own ability and de
not a few of them have achieved notable success.
T·Te must seek to
demonstrate to them all that our society is responsive to their patient pleas
.and help them to live among us in prosperity,
dignity and honor.
�(9)
CJU'JADI
I DIAr� TP:.fil.ATEN Rl!.VOLT
AS P VJ1rlTY �:GULFS
·:ORTMR.i� TRIBES
by i'tichc.el Cope
TORff�TO,
town dump
Bey.
Cann.da - A pctheti c h&ndful of Can2dian India.ns f oraged in the
at noosonee, e amall subArctic settlement at the southern end of Hudson
They w ere looking for scraps of food thrown out by the white man.
Already
the bitter Arctic winter has fallen.
Deep snow covers the ground and an icy
/
wind whistles in from the ice cap and tundra.
They are Canada's second class citizens, eking out
a
humiliating,
substand-
ard existence on government handouts in filthy, tarpaper shacks.
But the crushed
Discontent in the
spirit of the once fiercely proud Redskins is rising again.
Indian tribes across Canada is boiling over into rebellion.
At Toronto, 500 miles from Noosonee, the leader of the socialist New Demo
cratic Part y warned in the Ontario Legislature: "Tµne is running out for the
white man.11
"Either
we
act quickly to remove the national shame which has char&cterized
our treatment of Indians in the past, or the difficulties of solving th e Indian
problem will become bedevilled by Red Power with all its irrationality and vio
lence born of years of f rustration and neglect. 11
The warning may be too late.
On the Canadian prairies, W'lere the big
Black.feet and Cree tribes live on larrl granted them by Engl�d 1 s "'!ueen Victoria,
the revolt has already started.
At �falo
arrows in Saskatchewan, Red Power
commcndos set fire to a �6,000 government patrol boat.
Government Indian agents
and conservation of ficers have had to arm themselves with rifles and pistols.
Isoleted white far::n ers near the restless Indian reserves have taken to
keeping a rifle as they plough their fertile wheatlands as tom-toms in the Indian
villages beat out an endless, nerve-wracking rhythm • • • •
One ·1etis (halfbreed) leader, Dr. Howard Adams, has warned the government
in Ottawa both the Cree and Blackfeet are "organizing Red Power groups and linking up with Blac� Po�er f7"0Ups in the United States.
Prime -inister Pierre
Trudeau hims elf is alanned atout the Indians.
"If there are the beginnings of
a civil war here• •• it might be the Indians or the :iietis, 11 he has admitted.
A prominent ·sociologist in Alberta, Jack Thorpe, who has spent a lifetime
working with the Indians, predicts: "Thousands are ready to revolt now.
We ·
will have riots here that will make Los Angeles and Detroit look like small stuff. 11
But while the Redskin braves oil their weapons and ochre their bodies in
western Cc.nada,
their problems.
the e astern tribes are still seeking less violent solutions to
The six-nation Iroquois in Ontario wants to send a tepresenta-
tive to the next British Commonwealth Prime l1inisters 1 Conference in London
next J anuary to negotiate their grievances - and their independence.
And in ottawa, Khan Tineta Horn, a lovely 27-year-old 1'Iohawk Indian model
and cover girl from the Caughnawaga reserve near
Iontreal carried her fight
into a federal government conference in the ornate Parliament Buildings.
There
she sent delegates screaming and scattering when she emptied a paper bagful of ,
live and dead rats onto th e chairm�n•s t able.
As television cameras recorded
it all, she yelled: "That's what the white man is using the Caughnawaga Indian
lands for today - as a garbage dump for the city of · iontreal. 11
Behind this f'estering Indian unrest across the nation are the facts and
statistics of poverty, loss of self resp ect, illiteracy c.nd a soaring birthrate which at 40 per 1,000 is even higher than the chronically overpopulated Orient and which will double Canada's present 250,000 Indian population by the end of
the century.
.
Of 35,000 Indicns surveyed by a goverrment commission, more than one-third
was on relief and
death rate was
61%
33.31
for th8ir 'WOmen
worked for less than
years (compared with
(compared to
64.1)
(From the Bengor Daily News,
6 months of each year.
60.5 for other Canadians)
••• •
12/19/68)
The average
and
34. 71
�(10)
MOHAl-)K
UPRISU G TILOCKS ERIDGE
.
MASSENA, N. Y. (AP) - Unarmed Canadian police i·Tednesday arrested 48 Mohawk
Indians who formed a human wall and blocked the international bridge lir.king
Canada and the United States.
The Indian uprising was in protest of Canada's
alleged failure to live up to the 1794 Jay Treaty.
The Mohawks, numbering about 100, had blocked the bridge with 25 automobiles.
Indian men, women and children threw their bodies in front of tow trucks sent to
clear away the wall of �iohawks and cars.
There were no reports of injuries.
Ernest Eenedict, one of the Indian leaders, spoke to the demonstrators
that were left after the bridge was cleared and called them to a community meet
ing on the St. Regis Reservation, which includes territory both in the United
States and Canada.
The Mohawks were up in arms over Canada's insistence on collecting customs
duties from the Mohawks traveling to and from their reservation on the bridge.
The Mohawks contend the bridge is reservation territory.
The demonstrators car
ried signs that read: "This is an Indian Reservation, Po Trespassing'; as they
confronted police from Cornwall Island, Ontario State Police and Royal Canadian
Mounted Police.
The Cornwall Island officers, who handle peace duties on the reservation,
made the arrests.
The officers were not armed.
Some Indian women, screaming,
epithets, vere carted off the roadway and into waiting police vehicles.
TI1e Indians hold that the Jay Treaty of 1794 - signed by Chief Justice
John Jay as a special emissary to negotiate a treaty with Eritain - guaranteed
the �lohawks the right to travel unhampered from both countries.
Mohawk spokes
men called for the five other nations of the Iroquois Confederacy to join with
the St. Regis Reservation Indians in a massive 11lndian Power" demonstration to
block traffic on the bridge.
Automobiles began to filter across the br1dge around
noon.
Mrs. Kahn
Cornwall Police Chief Allen Clark lost his hat in one scuffle.
Tineta Horn, sister of one of the leaders of the protest movement, was arrested.
The Mohnwks had sent a telegram to England-�s Queen Elizabeth, protesting
the Canadian posture on collecting customs duties.
t1embers of the tribe met
with Canadian government officials Tuesday night, but no agreement was worked out.
£Jew York State troopers shunted traffic away from the bridge on the American
side during the morning.
The 41 arrests were all on misdemeanor charges.
Benedict, a graduate of St. Lawrence University, is a worker in a Canadian.
government youth corps program.
Protest spokesmen pledged to turn out 2,000 Mohawks for a similar blocka�e
Thursday.
There are some 6,000 Indians on the sprawling reservation, split
about evenly between the American and Canadian sides of the border.
The 48 arrested were returned to Cornwall Jail after they appeared in city
court.
Their cases were ordered held at least through Friday.
Kahn Tineta
Horn was charged with obstructing police and carrying a concealed weapon.
(From the Portland Press Herald, 12/19/68)
THE
CALL
OF
THE WILD
Folksinger/actress Buffy Sainte-Marie and Los Angeles designer Marne Murray
have gone into the dress-designing business - the clothes naturally have an Indian
motif.
Among the traditional dyes used are chokecherry and sea urchin; access
ories include Navajo-type velvet blouses, leggings, and hand-loomed fringed ponchos.
Profits from these fashions .. to be sold under the label ';Maria Starblanket Maria Starblanket is
Division of Ethnics" - will help support lndian causes.
Buffy's real name.
A numberof the fasbions were pictured in a recent issue of
1V Guide.
�( 11)
DONNA BYERS, NE AL CHAPMAN l'lED I N STATE STREET CHURCH
At a ceremony Saturday evening in the State Street Church Chapel, Miss
Donna Elizabeth Byers of State Street became the bride of Neal Winslow Chapman,
son of Mr.
and Mrs. Kendri·ck J. Chapman of Grandview Avenue,
Auburn.
The
bride's parents are Mrs. Alberta R. Nicola of Center Street, Indian Island,
and Donald E. Byers of Sherman Station.
The brio.� wore a gown of ivory satin accented with ivory lace appliques ·
Her veil was caught to an ivory bow edged with
of white roses, carnations and ivy.
�earing a gown of moss green satin,
for her sister.
pearls
and she carried a cascade
Miss Mary T. Byers was maid of honor
She carried a bouquet of red cnrnations and holly.
LaForrest
P. Horton was best man.
A
Allen Peterson and John Bruno seated guests.
After
receotion was given at the Grand International Exposition.
a
trip to Boston, the bridal couple will make their home on State Street.
The brid� is a graduate of Old Town High School and the University of
Maine.
She is a social worker for the State Department of Health and Welfare
in Lewiston.
A graduate of Kents Hill School, the bridegroom is employed by the Maine
Printing Comp�ny and is assistant manager of the Gate Coffee House.
(From the Maine Sunday Telegram,
of the Penobscot Tribe.)
12/22/68.
Mrs. Chapman is a member
GOVERNMENT GRANT SEEMS AN EXAMPIE OF COMMUNICATIONS GAP FOR N.B. INDIANS
by Dean Rhodes
WOODSTOCK, N.B. - Better communications to acquaint Indians with government
decisions before ''two or three years have gone by11 is the goal of the president
of the Union of New BrunsWick Indians, St. Mery's Band Chief Harold Sapp�er.
Chief Sappier may be on the right track.
Peter Paul of the Lower ':foodstock Maliseet Village and 71 others in Canada
have been granted awards valued at more than
$300,000
by the National Museum
of Canada in ottawa.
But Paul told the NF.vs Thursday he had received no notification of his
award and didn't know what the award is for.
'What they mean by this award,
I don't know, ,. exclaimed the blue-eyed authority on Maliseet custom and language.
Although Chief Sappier was not speaking specifically of this award when
he announced his goal, it seems a fair example of the communications gap between
the Maliseet Indians and the government.
Reports in the Canadian Press said
awards were granted Paul and the others to cover study and research carried out
during recent months.
The 66-year-old Maliseet has analyzed Maliseet language with the head of
·Harvard's linguistics department,
Karl V. Teeter, but Paul doesn't know whether
a month's work here with Teeter last July helped to earn the award.
The stud:i:ous
'throwback" who knows almost as much about the Maliseets as
did his grand�arents, has worked for years at Canada's National Mu�eum in Ottawa
in winter.
There, ethuol0risl.. ,ord n Day ext.r:ict.s in.fol'mat.i.on on the Maliseets'
dying language,
foJklore and culture.
Paul is due to return to the National
Museum next month, and Dr. Day, laboring a bit like a dentist, again will operate
on the Maliseet authority.
Amidst fossils, stuffed animals and more than
27,000
Indian and Eskimo
items in a room off limits to the public, and little known, behind-the-scenes
work will go on.
Paul and Day will tape record Maliseet names of Indian items moccasin laces, for instance, 'Chuch-Kwenob-I-Nul. ''
Paul is a rare find among his
1,500
Maliseet brothers because culturally
and linguistically his tribe is practically Anelo�q�xon.
(Continued on Page
12)
A cooper .by trade,
�( 12 )
( Continued from Page 11 )
Paul was raised by grandparents after his parents died following his birth , and
thus he be came familiar with Maliseet language and folkways .
The Woodstock
Re servation ' s School had white teachers nfter 1911 , with Maliseet language
discouraged ,
Children o� the 150-mernber band today attend s chool in the white
man ' s town .
The Maliseets have become angli ci zed .
While as similation of Maliseet and white man accelerates , Paul helps Day
salvage a culture be fore it dies .
( From the Bangor Daily News , 1/3 /69 )
" UD ALL ' S FREEZE'' STIRS ALASKA
ANCHORAGE , Alaska - The first topi c of convers ation here in sub-zero wear · Udall ' s Freeze , " whi ch is now
ther is not the weather but Udall ' s Freeze . 1 •
two year ' s old , was the sequestering by Secretary of the Interior Stewart L .
Udall o f. all federal lands i n Alaska until the century-old question o f native
The federal government still owns about
land claims is settled by Congress .
97% of Alaska ' s 3 75 -mi llion acres .
1"1hile the freeze i s on , the state c annot get title to the federal lands
Nor will the federal
it is authorized to select under the 1958 Statehood Act .
government offer any of its own lands for mineral leases , either non-competitive
or through competitive bidding .
11fi th the exceptions o f perhaps most of the state s 5 5 , 000 "natives " (Eskimo ,
Indians and Aleuts ) , the fre e ze has virtually all Alaskans very hot under their
fur collars .
Republican Gov . alter J. Hicke l , whom President-elect Nixon has
chosen to suc ceed Udall , is no exception .
When a reporter brought the subject up during an interview in the Governor ' s
snow-banked home here , the Governor was more cautious than he had been in Seattle
iust after Nixon named him.
Then he had snapped , .fu at Udall can do by execu
tive order , I can undo . '' . .
Beyond the old , vexed question of the natives ' c laim to their immemorial
hunting , fishing and trapping grounds , there is now the question of who owns
the potential oil-bearing lands and thus does the competitive leasing which
produces the rich " bonuse s " at the outset and hope fully the even ri cher royalties .
t"lli a t is to be the natives ' fair share ?
And what the state ' s ?
Hicke l is very
sensitive to any suggestion that he is not s�athet i c to the natives and their
claims . . . .
/
Udall ins ists he had to impose the land freeze be cause o f a conflict in
the laws .
There are those who doubt whether Udall would have taken his action
in December , 1966 , i f it had not been for the fact that the natives were sudden
ly filing thousands of prote sts against leases and appli cations for leases . . . .
The Governor argue s it would have been pos sible to go forward with state
s ele ction of land and where there was a con fli ct with Indian c laims , the money
from the leases could . have been put into a trust fund by mutual consent of
Congre s s , the Interior Department , the state and the Alaska Federation o f Natives ,
representing the villages . . . .
( From +.he Bangor Daily News , 1/3 /69 )
11
1•
.
MORE ON THE J AY TREATY
( See Page 10 )
The Portland Pre�s -Herald of December 20th reported that
chiefs of the 6 Nations of the massive Iroquois Confederacy met on the St . Regis
Reservation December 19th regarding the recent bitter demonstrations agairlst
the Canadian government .
The chie fs were to meet in the longhouse of the Mohawk
Tribe and were expected to call for a moderate approach that would give Canada
a chance to act on the Indian request to honor the 174-year-old treaty .
Canada holds that it was not a nation when the treaty was signed by the
( Continued on Page 13 )
�=
-
( 13 )
,
( Continued from Page 12 )
United Stat e s and Canada and has held firm on its right to charge customs due s
to the Mohawks .
The Portland E.xpre s s o f De cember 19th reported that the Jay Treaty was
re a ffirmed be tween the two countries in Ghent ; Belgium , after the War of 1812 .
r.anada J however , whi ch did not be come a nation until 186 7 , neve r rati fied the
document .
Canadian law spe cifies that legis lative action must be taken before
a treaty has the force of law .
Erne st Benedict , chie f of the Indians on Cornwall Is land , in an open
letter to the Canadian people and government , said , ' '�rle have bec ome victims o f
a gre at error o n the part o f your government . ''
Benedict s a i d h i s people
were re ceiving support , both monetary and moral , from other Indian tribe s i n
the United State s and Canad 3 .
Sources s aid i t has only been i n the past 3
w_e eks that Canadian customs o f fi cials began collecting duty on goods taken int o
Canada from the United State s .
A th orcragh study and the text o f the Jay Treaty may be found in " Jay '.s
Tre � ty : A Study in Commerce and Diplomacy , · by Samuel Flagg Bemi s (Yale Unj ve rsity
Pres� , New Haven and London , 1962 ) .
Sj gni fi c ant port ions o f the treaty include the following from Arti c l e 3 :
'' It i s ' agreed that it shall at all Times be free to
His Maj e s ty ' s Sub j e cts , and to the Citi zens o f the United
Stat e s
and also to the Indians dwelling on either s ide o f
the s aid B�undary Line freely to pas s and repass b y Land , o r
Inland Navigation , into the re spe ctive Territories and Coun
tri e s of the Two Parties on the Continent of Ameri c a ( the
Country within the Limits of the Hud s on ' s Bay Com any only
excepted ) and to navigate all the Lakes , Rivers and waters
there o f , and freely t o c arry on trade and commerce with each
other . . . .
No Duty o f Entry shall ever be levied by eithe r Party on
Peltrie s brought by Land or Inland Navigation into the s aid
Territories re spective ly nor shall the Indians pas s ing or re
pass ing with thei r own Proper Goods and Effe cts of whatever
nature pay for the same any Impost or Duty whatever .
But
Goods in bale s or other large Package s unusual among Indians
shall not be cons ide red as Goods belonging bonafide to Indians . . . . ''
The rights of Indians under the Jay Treaty are also di scus sed in volume
III , page 753 , and volume V , pages 179 , 244 , 245 , and 383 , Digest o f International
Law ( Washi ngton , Gove rnment Printi ng Offi ce , 1942 , 1943 ) by Green Haywood
Hackworth .
EDUCATION NEW S FROM THE
Haverford
Co l l ege ,
near Phi l ade lphia , we l come s Ind ian
S cho l ar s hi p s are ava i lab le .
Co l l ege ,
Haver f ord ,
Wr i t e t o :
Penn sy lvania 1904 1 ,
in forma t ion •
. !LOTA s cho lar ships this y e ar go
Owyhe e ,
p ew a )
N.Y.
1001 7 )
s t ud ent s .
Have rford
or wr i t e to !LOTA and we wi l l get you
to Maureen Manning
of New Jer sey , who wi l l at tend air line s t ewarde s s
New York ,
(men)
D i re c t or of Admi s s ion s ,
Nevada , who at tend s Ba cone Co l l eg e i n Okl ahoma ;
(From t he News l e t ter of
Place ,
INDIAN LEAGUE OF THE AMERICAS
the Ind ian Leage of
( S ho s �one -Pa iu t e )
and Sandr a Henry
of
(Chip
s choo l in Har t ford ,
t he Amer i c a s ,
Conn .
S � Tudor Ci ty
D ID YOU KNOW THAT
Boy S cout s
from R ichmond and Dre sden and G ir l S c9u t s from Woo lw i ch r e re n t ly 1we l "
comed four
Indian g ir l s
from the Pol an d Spring Job Cor p s Cen t er ?
gir l s wer e Dar lene Henhawk
Te p s ich ,
of
( S en e c a )
and Ad e laide Hi ckman
the Cho c t aw Tr ib e .
from Seneca ,
from Penn sy lvan ia >
N.Y. ,
The
Ind l an
and Ro s ie Greene ,
Anna
T.ou1 s i an fl and Tenne see , memb er s
�( 14 )
CANAD IAN GRANTS PROGRAM
F our t e e n Alb e r t a Ind ian band s
men t s gran t s - t o -band s program .
gran t s
are now oper a t ing under
And ,
of
the
t o run the ir own admin i s tra t ion .
commun i ty programs ,
t ion gran t s .
14 ,
the
Canad ian gove rn
s ix have r e c e ived ou tright
The gran t s cover
admin i s tra t ion c o s t s ,
the c o s t of b a s i c
s u c h as
t o s t aff , a n d re crea
s a lar i e s
The rema i n ing e ight band s have been g iven gran t s to b egan an admin i s tra
t ion
training program t o enab l e Ind i an s t aff on t he vari ous re serve s to be
t augh t admi n i s trat ion procedur e s .
" The l\rogram is g o ing a l ong we l l now , 11
o f admini s tr a t ion with
peop l e are g e t t ing more and more
$ 2 , 200 to $ 34 5 , 8 5 6 ,
s a id Vern Bou l tbee ,
invo lved . "
depend ing on the
(Gran t s
programs and the
to
p a s s re s o lu t ions
s aid .
1969 .
say ing
" The b and s ,
at
that
" The
the bands range from
s i z e of
the b and s . )
A l l the gran t s cover the f inal par t of t he Ind ian a f fa ir s '
which end s in Mar ch ,
supervi sor
the reg ion a l Ind ian a f f a i r s o f f i ce in Edmonton .
f i s c a l year
time , wi l l be reque s ted
they wan t to c ont inue with the program , " Mr .
to
Bou l tbee
1he Ind i an a f fairs depar tmen t has n o t r e c e ived any o t her app l i cat ions
t o oper a t e under
the program ,
but more are expe c ted from o ther Ind ian band s
when t he new f i s ca l year approache s
•
•
•
(From the Ind i an Re cord , Winn ipeg ,
Mani toba ,
Canada ,
De cember 1 9 6 8 )
OGI..ALA S IOUX T O S TAR IN "A MAN CALLED HORSE"
Edward Li t t le Sky ,
Hor s e ,
C a l l e d Hor s e . "
t i on ,
a fu l l -b lood Og l a l a Sioux and a grand nephew of crazy
has been s igned by producer Sandy Howard for the "heavy" ro le in "A Man
A one - t ime rod e o r ider from Sou th Dako t a ' s Pine R idge R e s erva
he wa s brought
to p i c ture s by Wa l t D i sney and recent ly fini shed a gue s t
s t ar r o l e i n ·a s egment o f '!V ' s " The V irginian . "
In Durango ,
t he
Mex i c o ,
he j o in s 6 5 Bru le Sioux ,
brothers o f t he Ogl a l a in
Te ton group , who have b e en broug h t from the Rosebud Re s ervat ion to b e t he
extr a s .
The mov ie i s a s tory of an ' Eng l i sh ar i s t ocrat cap tured by Ind ian s in 1 8 25
and
the ar i s t o cr a t wi l l be p l ayed by Br i t a in ' s Dame Jud i t h And e r s on .
Ander s on i s
l earn in g
Mr . Ri chard Harr i s is b e ing taught the S i oux language by Mr s .
S i oux .
Pre t tyb ird .
the he l p o f
Ol ive
Harr i s wi l l p l ay a whi t e s lave who achieve s warrior s ta t u s wi t h
·
t he ch i e f ,
L i t t l e Sky .
E i g h ty percent of
the d ia logu e wi l l be in
( Lako t a ) and au t he n t i c i ty
coun try
Mi s s
the S ioux language and wi l l appear a s a s quaw speaking
is
s tr e s sed •
• •
Later ,
the original S ioux language
the locat ion wi l l be in Sioux
• • •
(F rom the R o s ebud S ioux Herald and the Nat ive Nevadan)
CLER IC CIAIMS WHI TE S BROKE VOW TO INDIANS
Plymou t h ,
Ma s s .
-
(UPI)
- The Rev .
Gerald Kr i c� say s Ameri can s have broken
a 34 7 -year -o ld vow - made t o t he Ind ians af ter the f ir s t Thank s g iv ing - that
the whi t e s e t t l e r s "would no t wrong them or g ive them any jus t
Kr i ck ,
The Rev .
s a id the Ind i an s were
o f t hanks in 16 2 1 .
cau se aga in s t u s . "
speaking y e s t erday from the s i te o f t he f ir s t Thank s g iving ,
large ly r e spon s ib le for t he s e n t ler s '
survival and fe a s t
B u t whi t e Ama r i ca , h e s a id , ha s proved i t s e l f "ungrateful"
b y turning its back on the Ind ian when he n e e d s he lp .
The Rev .
Kr i ck t o l d a Thank s g iv ing c ongregat ion dre s s e d in t he c lo th e s
tha t t he or i g in a l s e t t ler s wer e s o thankf u l to t h e Ind ian s
11
"We wou ld no t wrong them or g ive them any j u s t cau s e again s t u s .
o f t h e ir f ore f ather s
t hey p l edged :
(From the
Prov id ence
(R . I . ) Evening B u l le t in ,
1 1 / 29 / 6 8 )
�MAINE I ND IAN NEWSLETTER
42 LIBER TY S TREET
GARD INER , MAINE
04 345
DON ' T DELAY !
TO GET LOCAL AND LONG D IS TANCE INDIAN NEWS , DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR EACH MONTH !
The fo l lowing sub s cr i p t ion r a t e s are
charged for a 1 2 -month sub s cr ipt ion to
THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Indian
- FREE
Non - Ind ian (Regular )
- $ 2 . 00/year
"
(Con tr ibu t ing ) - $ 5 . 00/year
"
( Suppor t ing )
-$ 10 . 00 / ye ar
"
(Lifet ime )
- $ 50 . 00/year
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
live , f i l l out and s end in the sub
s c� ip t ion s l ip (below) W ITH the appr o
pri a t e amoun t .
Your sub s cr i p t ion
wi l l begin with the next availab le
i ssue a f t er your sub s cr i p t ion s l ip
ls received .
If you ar e an INDIAN , wherever you l ive ,
f i l l out and send in the sub s cr ip t ion
s l ip
(b e l ow ) ,
iden t i fy ing your Tr ibe
and enc l o s ing NO money .
The addr e s s l abe l s . ind i ca t e the s tatus
"F-I" means
of your sub s cr iption .
"Free -Indian . "
The abbreviat ion o f
a month ( JAN) i s the time - next y ear your sub s cr ipt ion fee wil l again �e
� ill!, � ge t !.!!. ind iyidual
due .
{Com
expir a t ion no t ice , � � �!
p l imentary and Exchange sub s cr ip t ion s
do not require renewal . )
·
� - - -� -- - - - -�- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ·�� - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �-- - - - - - - -- --�- - - - -�· - - - - - -
I would l ike to receive mon thly regular i s sue s o f the Maine Indian News le t ter :
�
DATE__
_
__
__
_
__
NON-INDIAN
ADQRESS
I� IAN
n
-
--=�
( S tree t or P . O . B ox )
(C i ty
S t ate
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Cod e )
Indian -0- ;
TRIBE------
_
_
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_
Non-Ind tan - $ 2
(Regular ) ;
$ 10 ( Suppor ting ) ;
Send this s l ip > with your sub s cr ipt ion charge >
$ 50
$5
if appl i c ab l e ,
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Liberty S tree t , Gardiner , Maine
(Con tr ibu ting ) ;
( L i fe time )
to :
04345
- · - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ·- � - - - - - - '
D on ' t forge t your ZIP Code !
�/
MAINE INDIAN NEW SLETTER
BULK RATE
U. S.
Gar d iner >
Ma i n e
POS TAG E
3 . 6 ¢ PAID
4 2 Lib er ty S tr e e t
Free por t , Maine
04345
Permi t No .
ADDRE S S CORRECTI ON
REQU E S TE D
ib r &T Y
e ge
Co lb y C o l l
C o l le ge
Co lb y
04 90 1
, Ma in•
W te x v i l l e
J
33
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Dec. 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-12
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-457
-
https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/6766e08e203eb1f86c672f8056aeb4ad.pdf
c2b4ac2afc8aaca93cca2243a2db428d
PDF Text
Text
T
SL
VOLlJ1VlE 3' N I •iBER
J JU-WARY
-
F 0 R G
T H E
T
0T E
N
I N D I
A N
A
S K S
1969
,
"Have you forgotten to renew your subscription to the
If you have forgotten, then fill
Maine Indian Newsletter?
_
out -the_ subscr:l tTor: co11pon on the last page and send it in
p
to me.
If you do not wish to renew your subscription and want
to know when you will receive your last 1{'""·.rnl �tt ·r, .read your
n of the month in which you
mailidg label for the abbreviRti
will receive your final issue."
'I'IIE
LNTERESTED
"If you are one
of the
READ"E
R
ASKS ,
forgotten Indians
to renew your subscription- Editor's note ) ,
hear from you.
work,
Je would like to know about your fa�ily,
things,
and your Indian
longer.
who are
Indians.
(you do not need
we would like to
your
so you won't be forgotten any
We as read rs of the Maine Indian Newsletter are
Indians and those wto are very much inter�sted in
So we need
enough to keep
on
those
to know about you to keep us interested
s11bs�rihj ng and reading.••
"
(6 �-
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,:�
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,
I
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........
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�DIOCESE OF PORTLA��
INDIAN SCliO LARSiiIPS
Since early Spring is the proper
time for students and their parents
to make school and college plans for
n ext Spetember, it may be helpful to
clarify questions about the scholar
ship aid provided by the Diocese of
Portland.
Diocesan scholarships do not
cove:P tuition costs.
(There are a
large number of tuition scholarships
available to Maine Indians, and the
Diocesan Division of Indian Services
will aid Indian students in obtain
ing these scholarships). Diocesan
scholarships cover the costs of room,
board, books, and other expenses not
normally covered by other scholar
ships.
Students who are residents of
an Indian Reservation in Maine are
eligible for Diocesan scholarship
aid.
The amount of aid granted to
any student is bases upon students
financial need.
Most .schools and
colleges want the student, or his
parents, to carry some of the costs
of his own education, so the Dio
cese asks that the student or his
parents pay something, even if it
is a very•sruall amount, to�ard
school costs.
The more financial
ability a family has, the more of
the cost of education we ask them
to carry. Only in this way can Dio
cesan scholarship funds aid the max
imum number of students.
Students wishing to apply for
scholarships from the Dioc2se should
write or call:
Diocesan Division
of Indian Services, 317 Congress St.,
Portland, Maine 04112. Tel. 7'15-56J l
Or speak to their pastor.
Make your planR as early as
possible, since scholarship-funds
may be completely taken-up by late
summer!
( 2)
LEGEEND OF MOLLY OCKETT
Molly Ockett was born in Fryeburg
in 1715
an Indian princess of the
Algonquin Nation. She was a great
traveler. Her favorite beat NaS from
Andover to Bethel and down to Paris,
l-1aine, along what is now known as the
'
Molly Ockett Trail on Route 26, a part
of Longfellow Trail from Boston to
Canada.
Once, in the wintertime, Molly
started from Andover to Paris Hill,
carrying a treasure of gold. The
traveling was very hard and when she
reached Trap Corner, she re�lized the
weight was too hard for her. Con
sequently, she buried the gold and
hung a bear trap to mark the spot.
This is ho1 TRAP CORNER got its name.
Molly didn't find refuge until
she reached Paris Hill in one of the
finest faruilies of the State of Maine.
There was a sick baby in the house.
Here Molly prov�d her trµe worth by
helping nurse th baby. She saved his
life and then pronounced a blessing
on the little one with the prophecy
that one day he would be a GRY.:AT MAN .
He actually lived to become VICL PRESI
DENT O.F' TliE UNIT8D STA'l'ES,
nder FRESP
D'ENT ABRAHAi LINCOLN.
This man was
HANNIBAL HAMLIN, of Paris Hill, Maine !
--
LESSON III
"A few hundred years ago there
/
were no white people in this country._
The only inhabitants of the United
States were the Indians. These In
dians usually lived in small bands
and wandered about from place to place.
They lived mostly by hunting and fish
ing. They were often quarrelsome.
Some of the different tribes or bands
had settled homes and were partly civ -
ilized, but most of them were wander
ing savages who did nothing to develop
this great country." This statement
appears on Page 17 of the Twenty-Five
"Stone-age people who were to be Lessons in CITIZENSHIP, by D. L.Hennessey,
come American Indians began entering
Citizenship Teacher and Director of
America at least 10,000 years ago."
Adult Education, Berkeley, California,
(Quoted from Britannica Junior EncyCit�zenship Department, Evenipg High
clopaedia, Vol. 8/IJ Page 52, IndianR, School of Com'merce, San Franciscq,
(Continned on page 4)
North American)
�(3)
E D I T 0 R I A L S
THE MAINE IND IAN NEHSLE TTER
EDITOR:
(�s.) Eugenia T. Thompson
(penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the following address;
Maine Indian Newsletter
42 Liberty Street
Gardiner, Haine
Tel. 582-5435
04345
THE NECESSARIES OF LIFE
';It is very strange to us that now the Truck Master is come away, the
Door is fast, the Key is turned on the Lock, and we cannot get anything
now, nor can our Wives and Children get the Necessaries of Life."
(Saguaarum alias for Loron) Penobscot delegate to the signing of
Gov. Dummer Treaty held at Falmouth, July 11th, 1727.
We all have been made aware that the Indian Department needs
$50,000 appropriated by the 104th Leoislature in order to break
even at the end of this fiscal year, June 30, 1969.
Some say Commissioner Hinckley has overspent his budget, but
others will tell you this is not quite true. lbey will say if we cut out
ALL services to the Indians starting in a month or two the Department
will break even.
The difference is this:
(1.) You can starve the Indians all at once or
(2 .) If you had started earlier, back when Mr . Hinckley first talked
to Gov. Curtis about the problem, you could have starved the Indians
little by little all winter long. You could have stopped buying warm
clothing when it started getting cold and you could have cut every
one's fuel supply in half.
Some time ago, it appears, Commissioner Hinckley told Governor
Curtis of the problem and the Governor said he did not want to cut
This was about the time most seasonal employment
back in services.
was over and winter was setting in.
The real problem is not an accounting problem, but rather that not
enough money was appropriated in the first place to meet the needs.
To ex
plain first, everyone verbal about it agrees that Hinckley did not misspend
or misappropriate any of the funds. He spent Department funds as they should hav�
been spent. Had he cut back fifty thousahd dollars worth, a great many needs
would not have been met.
A different accounting system ould not have solved the problem, it would
have shown only that the needs were not being met and that some Reservation
Indians were going to bed hungry.
It may be true that a few Indians have misused their funds, just as a few
Governors, Legislators and presidents over the years have misused theirs, but
for the most part the lI!Oney is meeti.ng needs and giving a helping hand when
it is needed.
Rather than tell Hinckley what he did was "near defiance", why wasn't it
said, "Hinckley, we did not intend to meet the needs of the Indians, what we
intended was to meet most of the ne�cls of the Indians. ;i Probably the reason
is tha� it was generally thought the budget would meet the basic needs of the
Indians by some, while others are rr.P.rely trying to come out smelling like
a rose, no matter what the loss. Eut when costs increase and deaths are
more numero113 and the population inc.r.eases we must be realistic and ack.nm.; l edt :·
that something must give. I'd be willing to bet that 90 percent of the b�.iur0··
r:rets in Augusta would have cut bEtcl·. with out even trying to nbtai1Lthe
f·�cr:tiiued o.. pag� 10, sc �o:1d coh·li:··.. )
..
�(4)
long-time Vqlue to their tribe. In
dians have bLcn � r: �lcct�d.;i��ri�¥�
'for so .lsr:t:; th-;t .,.ost of thi..:1 :·h,_vc fop
botten their own history and heritage,
and in the case of the Penobscots,
many of their records and artifacts
have become scattered, hidden and for
gotten in attics and cellars and neg
leEted library corners throughout the
state.
The Tljoreau cabin, and assoc
iated museum whi�h will be built near
by, will attract these it�ms back onto
the Reservation.
The combination of
a library with these �rtifacts and
historical records, will develop in
terest and pride among the younger
Indians, as iell as the older ones to
remember, and record on tape, their
tribal family histories and customs,
and music and other arts, and pass
it all on to the younger tribe members
as visual and audio records in the
Cabin library.
The library in the cabin will
be set up to interest all ages, from
children to adult r searchers of a
banaki history and of Thoreau in Maine.
Many items have already be ·n contributed
to the library.
Your Headquarters,
at "Thoreau Carry", is collecting and
storing books, pauphlets and other
materials for th� Cabin library. Send
along any matGrials you would like to
donate.
The Univ�rsity of r1aine librarian,
Dr. Jam0s C. MacCampbell, is cooryerating
with the setting up of the Cabin library.
Mrs. Lucille T. Perodeau, Head of the
Reference Division of the Raywond Fogler
Library at th� University of Maine,
has offered to volunteer her services
in aise bling and cataloguing the cabin
library. It is hope that in time a
Penobscot Indian 1vill l::ecome a trained
librarian and can take over full sup
ervision of the Thoreau-Polis Meraorial
Cabin library.
THOREAU.:;POLIS MEMORJ hT, CAB IN
We hope to get the cabin built
this coming spring and suli1fuer.
Then put
Plans are under way to erect
the library together during the fall
a Walden Pond cabin on Indian Island
ay Old Town, Maine, in honor of Thor and winter so that both building and
library :vill b� r.� .dy f o.r forii1al d0d
eau and his fa�orite Indian, Joe
The dedication
ication in May, 1970.
Polis.
The cabin will be used to
ceremonies, which will include costumed
house a Thoreau and Penobscot Indian
dances and other ceremonials by the
library.
The Indians have a very
active Council, and Housing AuthorJty, PenohA�o I: r1n<i Pa A samrtquoddy tribes, '
(Continued o'n l")ag� 5, colur.m 2')
¥hich are interested in projects of
(Continued from page 2)
and Supervisor of Citizenship Class
es� Northern California.
Revis d by
Thomas B. �ichardson, Attorney at Law,
Oakl1and, California. Seventy-ninth
Edition.
"This text represents a foul slan
der against the native peoples of
this country.
The book in which this
np ears is now in its 79th printing.
Tbousands of ali�ns are b ing taught
The Big L ie about the .Awerican Indian.
To recount the contributions of
the natives to the econo1ny of the
entire world ·.vould take a book. Did
the Indians "wander about from place
.to place"? No, they generally liv d
in established territories, had ho�es,
took care of forests, used irrigation.
any tribes used for�s Gf agricul
ture. Where they "often quarrelso e11?
They were generally peaceloving peo
ples, except when their lands were
taken, their homes and food stores
destroyed. War took place finally,
iri defense of their ho· 1eland.
Were the Indian people "wander
ing savages who did nothing to dev
elop this great coun ry?"
'Vhite
foreigners took over a land criss
croEsed by remarkable trails, whose
forests knew no fires, rhere the
earth was cherished. They fed the
so-called P�lgrims, to be repaid with
maAsacres.
They led the Whites
through dangerous mountains and for
ests to safety.and new homes.
These brazen falsehoods, taught
to those who seek to find a hone here,
is part of the Shame of Ar:erica. 11
(Reprinted by permission of the Amer
ican Indian Historical Society, The
Indian Historian, Copyright 1968�
.
�vinte-r- 19b"8-,- ·VOTume 1, Nuri1ber 5.)
·
·
�------·
�(5)
( Continued from page 4)
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
will be part of the Maine Sesquicenten
Dear Mrs •. Thompson:
nial Celebration of 1970.
l'/e have placed the Maine Indian
Other ceremonies will take place
Newsletter on our free mailing list.
around the same time, including a
At a meeting of our Board of
special service at the graves of Joe
Directors last week, we showed all
Polis and his wife , Mary, who are bur
17 Directors present a copy of your
ied in the center of the res�rvation.
publication. All of us are impress
It is hoped there will be a Thoreau
ed by what you have done, and would
Festival at the Univ0rsity of Maine
like to tndicate our satisf�ction
at the same tiue.
with your work.
I am sending you
(Reprinted from the Thoreau Journal,
a file of the past four issues, and
VolUL1e I, No.l , January 15, 1969, with
you will be receiving The Indian His
permission, Copyright, January 15, 1969)
torian, as well as other publications
we issue from time to time.
THOREAU-POLIS .-lEMORIAL CABIN FUND
for
If there is anything we can do
for you to further your work, it will
Indian Island, Old Town, Maine
be our pleasure to do it.
We notice that you rep ; inted one Donor Na �
of our articles, through the Indian
You are pperfedtly free to
Record.
Street
!'<'priu
rovidca 'nu C'l' ke
:..rbic 1- s,
Zip
State
the following state ent to protect
Town
our auth o rs and the Society:
''Reprint-Mail to:
ed by per m i s sion of the American InHelen Goslin, Tribal Clerk, Penobscot
dian Historical Society, The Indian
Council, Indian Island, O,� Town, Maine
� is t o r:�, copyd p;ht 1 r,_-:::- [whateve1·
04468
the date C1t::iy be).11
The Thoreau Fellowshi p, P.0.551
or to :
Yours is t he only publication
Old Town, Jain.e 04468
which has been given t h i s privilege.
Donations for Indian Reservation Tri bal
We wish you and yours all the
Property are tax exempt.
best in the work you are doing and
personally as well.
In the Sept./Oct•. issue
It seems to us,
(Ed. Note:
from t his side of the continent that
of the Maine Indian Newsletter, Vol.3,
this next year is a year of decision
Number. 2, �e reprinted a letter that
for all our people. Certainly some
Governor John Mitchell received f rom
important events are in the ma k i ng .
Mrs. Mary P. Sherwood, Executive Sec
In any cace,
e are prepared to do
retaty of the Th0r02u International
our part.
The opportunity to do
Fellowship.
Very sincerely yours,
something tangible has now arrived,
and f i n a ncing can be done through the
Thank you. )
npon a ove.
RUPERT COSTO, a Cahui 11 :1.
man
President
_
J.we:d r,�r Jnrii .:3U His to1·j
The Chautauqua House
en
1
�oci cty
I am most happy to become a contributing
member but it cuts a bit to put my "x"
I am 1/64, if
in the Non-Indian slot.
that, and my hair, blue eyes and fair
skin say 11white-uJan11 but in my heart I
Dear Mrs, Thompsofi'7
know that my b e lov e d ancestor Peter
This past �eek I received
p
�ith for whom I am �awed and wh � fought
f the Maine Indian Newsletter r
o
� n the great revolution or Americ �n
o '·mmi r.r.i.nner Ed: :fi; llcl�ley,
wt;-:fr.h resiil.r.,..\·n, _ i ndepe� de nce took unto himself a wife,
minded me t.hat I have not ye
an In ian wo.aan of the Abnake people
ed to your pubJ ication and I had inback in the 1700 s.
tended to some time back.
Y � u might � reject a bit of how
Enclosed in my check for 15•00
I f�el if lfOU th i n � ahaad a few
and the requested subs rj tion form.
( r, ml ti ttr• li P n r-"' ge 6 , co 1 umn 1 )
1451 Masonic Avemie,
San Frarcisco, Ca. 94117
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continued from page 5
generations to what your own child
ren may feel if some of th m are f orc
ed to say, "Yes, I am white. rr There
are two sides to every coin.
I envy
the dark hair, eyes and skin of my
dear cousins on my mother's side but
I do not envy them the feelings of
my own heart about Indinness. So, :�
you of the great Tribes who are "in",
please be gentle with those who are
" out" but who have hearts with yours
all the way.
The D ecember issue of the News
letter is great.
You do a noble job
little lady and I know The People
are proud of you.
Yes, by all means,
everyone should read The N�� Indians
by Stan Steiner, Harper & Rowe, 1968.
The New Day truly is here.
This will
be truly J, New Raceof Men 1
My job as Director for OPERATION
MAINSTREAM for the U.S. Department
of Labor is a good one and the part
I like best that I have two American
Indian Aides, one Penobscot and one
1Pa s s;:i.maquoddy with another now being
hired. What Mr. Steiner says in his
book
is exactly what Mainstream
, should be. We will do out best to
make-:it just that.
My congratu1ations to you for
the fine job you are doing.
Keep it
up, it is munh needed in these Days.
Sincerely
Peter Smith Terry
Hampden Highlands, Me.
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(6)
is a member of the DAI (Descendents
of American Indians) and also inter
ested and has quite a library.
Mrs. Horr said that they would
b0 very wuch intereste� in a copy.
Thank you and all good luck in
your work.
Sincerely
(Mrs.) Gertrw�e S. i'-'IcClintock
Rochester, N. H.
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Dear Mrs. Thompson,
I have a sister living in Manila,
P.I.
Her husba.nd is stationed there
and I ff.now she wo�ld enjoy receiving
the Newsletter. She gets quite home
sick at times. The Newsletter will
probably help cheer her up. Here is
her address. She's of this tribe (Pen
obscot) .
S?Sgt & hrs. Gerado F.
Pardilla
I thank you very much.
Mrs. Josie Neptune
Old To n, Haine
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Dear Mrs. Thompson,
I and my family ould like to
wish you Happy New Year, also your
family and readers.
My family and I have enjoyed
Maine Indian Newsletter these last few
months. It has kept us up to date o�
Indian news in Maine and other parts of
our Country and also in Canada.
It has also helped me these pass
weeks trying to put out a small News
letter for our little club. My me�bers
are interested in the Maine Indians
as well as the Navajos and Sioux which
we will re helping.
Dear Editor:
/
Since our club is so small, we
I am enjoying my subscription
are going to do our very pest to help
to your paper very much au ry hobby
our Maine 1lission1s. It may not be
is in learning about the history,
much for our �aire Indians and for Red
culture, and welfare of the North
Cloud Mission in South D akota and the
�mP.rican Indians.
Navajo Mission, Inc. in New Mexico.
I do send clothing to an Indian
mission and am now sponsoring a second But we do hope it will help a little.
We are still looking for a small
Che�okee child in Oklah ma.
child on Indian Island that could use
Oddly enough one girl is now
a little love and help.
The child can
married to a full blnoded Cherokee
be about fiye or six or may be under.
in Thalequa, Okla. whose name is
And the child could be visited once
Raymond Hair.
in a while. If any readers know of
Would you please send him a
complimentary copy of your Newslet�er. such a child on the Island please write
His address is
Mrs. Thompson if you think that
Will yrn1 aJso p J ea s e send a com
we could help the Maine Indians by
plimentary copy to the following
(<>rnti nn <l on r v� 7' column l.)
H e ( Mr. Ererard L. Horr)
address·
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(Letters
continued from page 6)
to kno.: about the culture and the hiswriting letters.
I would be most
Could you please direct me to
tory.
pleased to do so.
sources of information from the Indian
I will tell you that I have
Our small Newsletter will be out people.
soon and we hope that you will like it.very little faith in what the wLite
A very Happy New Year to all of
man has to say about anything, Indians
you, from a.ll of us.
�fould you please te 11
in particular.
LONE EAGLE CLUB
we· what has been happening to my peoMad· lene Ames-Lewiston,Maine
ple government wise, economically and
11
Gladys Goodwin11
culturally.
Nancy McFeaters-Annville, Penna
I will appreciate any informatiotj
Ado�ph Steckc-Marinette, .iis.
you can give me.
Viola Wadsworth-Alµy, W. Va.
Thank you
Dianne Hazard
##
Dear Jean,
Berkeley, Calif.
I just realized that I won't be
Dianne, I hope that you
(Ed. Note:
receiving January's copy of the News- will a�oid the Twenty-Five Lessons in
letter so please renew my subscripCitizenship, an as to your in�cr0st
'
tion.
in the Penobscot Indians, we are pleased.
The reindeer burgers that you
Our Maine State Library and Museum has
gave the recipe for in Nove1nber must
books and collections of the 1"-aine Inhave be�n delicious although I had
dians should you want to inquire there
some difficulty in finding a reindeer. at the State House, Augusta, Maine.
PlP:,ase advise!
It sounds as though you havt) a nice
(Ed. Note: "Because
of their value as food, the United
little outline for an essay. We wodd
States imported a small herd of reinbe interested in reading or iiearing
�e are sending you a copy
deer lnto AlaAka in 1889.
Other herds from you.
the Maine Indian Newsletter .)
of
The reindeer
were bro1ght in later.
J1ave thriven so well they number
''All history of the subject goes
mary hundred thousand head.
It is
even ex�ected that a packing industry tn prove, that when fi�st visited by
civ.lized people, the Awerican Indians
may some day be built upon reindeer
have been found friendly and hospitable
meat.
It is said to have a fine
from the days of Christopher Colmibus
flavor." From Brittanir.a Junior Ency
cl9p•.�Q.ia, 7o1.J7/RS, c.1965, page57 )
to the �ewis and C�r..k E�p·· dition
Serjn11sJy, your publication has
and so also have a great many other
a success story.
Nowhere,
For the Senior Plaj
travelers, includi:1g wY.self,
this year we're doing a western and
to my knowledge, have they stolen a
I've decided to have the Indians re
six-pence worth of my rroperty, though
placed by bad white men.
in their countries there are no laws
You j st
never know your influence.
I have visited
to punish for theft.
I was delighted to hear about
the forty-eight different tribes, and
a new arrival in April - if it's a
I feel authorized to say that the North
girl, how about naming it Sioux?
American Indian in his native state
(Ed. Note: Sue was a roommate of mine is honest, hospitable, faithful, brave
at Gordon College, and we are think
and an honorable and religic�s humm
ing of naming our third papoose Sus�n
he.ing.11
.
Per haps we co11ld name her Penob"'cot,
and again,
with Scottie as her rickn�me
"I love a people who have always
)
Say "Hi11 to the deputy commiss
made �e welcome to the best they had
ioner awi t<'ll':"� care.
who are honest without laws, who have
who never
.ovj np.;ly
no jails and no poor house
who
Sue 'Trafton) Lost Tribe take the name of God in vain
New Bedford, Mass.
are free from eligious animosities
who worship God without a Bible, and
! !
l'Par Gir,
I believe that God 11 ves them also
I am interestAn jn the ways of
who have never rai�ed a hand against
the !J131vil:Jr.<:o': ft<!' I•l A ,,ri,1 T
(('••lltjllllf"'ll Prl r:-\ge 8, CO}llmn 1)
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�( 8)
2. The Public Works and F.conomic Dev
elopment Act of 1965 is administered
by The Econo,.tic Development Adminis
tration, within the U,S. De· t. of Co�11erse. The Economic Development Ad1'1.inistration (EDA) has an ;'Indian
desk" for projects on Indian reserv
ations, headed by Mr. Ray E. Tanner,
assisted by r1r. Wyman l'icDonald (who
attended the Housing Authority meet
ing on Noveillber 20
196J).
Mr. Jerome
Barnett is the EDA Economic Develop
ment Specialist for Maine, with offices
in Augusta. Mr Arthur Doyle is the
Director of E DA1s Northeast Regional
Off�ce (New York and New England) w1th
offices in Portland.
Letters to Mr.
Tanner or Mr. McDonald should have
letters
copies sent to 'ir. Barnett;
to Mr. Doyle should be s nt to Mr.
Barnet for forvarding
3. In order to qualify for EDA's pub
lic �orks grants (&s for sewage and
water construction) a corrllimnity must
trlrH! ..
be designated as a redevelopment area.
On July 22, 1968 the Department wrote
Ceo� ns greetings to a friend
Mr. Barnett, requesting inforraation
E genia ihompson
about how the Penobscot Reservation
from
could receive this redevelopment de
Ray and Christine
signation.
Fadden
5. We learned that to�come designated,
an area first had to be accepted as
qualified for designation. To become
SIXTEEN FACTS ABOUT EDA
qualified, we submitted the best avail
The f ollowlng fact sheet was dis able information of such items as pop
trj b 1ted to the Pqnobscot Governor,
ulation, estimated �edian Penobscot
his Council and the �ousing Authority income, unemployL.Ient figures, e
tc.
at the January 8 housing authority
These figures were Jcrgely estimates,
but they were accepted, and on Decem
meeting.
ber 23, 1 968 a letter t1o the DepartOn Monday, February 3, Jerome
ment from Mr. Tanner reported that
Barnett from EDA along with Commiss
these figures had been "accepted for
ioner Hinckley and Mr. Thompson will
the purpose of qualifying the reser
attend a Penobscot Tribal meeting.
v ation11 under the Public Jorks and
to answer questions and discuss How
Economic Development Act of 1965.
EDA can benefit the t ribe and to ex
plain more about the OEDP.
6.
In order for the Penobscot Reser
vation fa receive the redevelopment
.Fact Sheet
1. The Public 1·orks and Economj� l>e•r tle:r.i g1J;:iti..on, the Tribal Council must
send.:
elopment Act of 1965 author�zes the
1.
"A letter to t he Assistant
U.S. Secretary of Commerce to "ri1ake
Secretary of Commerce requesting
direct grants for the acquisition,
designA.tion."
construction, rehabilitation, altera
2. "An Overall Econoraic Develop
tion, expansion or improvement of
ment Program (OEDP) submitted to
such facilities, including related
and approved by our Portland Area
machinery and equipment, within a
Office Director," (Mr. Doyle)
1111nd r certain
redevelopment area
(Continued on page 9, Column 1)
·conditions.
·
(Letters
continued from page 7)
-�, or stolen my
roperty, where there
was no law to punish either
who
never fought a battle with white 1Hen'
except on their own ground
and oh!
now I love a people who don't live
for the love of money."
The above is George Catlin's
opinion of the Indians of America.
In 'i842 George Catlin, the painter,
went west and wandered and lived aloiie
among forty-eight tribes for eight
years. Those he visited were the
unchanged Indians of the Plaine, in
the days when they were still living
in the pri litive elegance of their
original culture, before the white
man's civilization had been imposed
upon them.
He lived with them and
became conversant with their lives.
Re has left one of the fullest and
b€ffit records we have of the Red Man
as he lived in the days before he
was changed by contact with the white
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7. Our
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continued from page
( 9)
8)
main reason fur feeling that
redevelopment d·signation would bene-
fit the Penobscot Housing Authority
and Tribe is that such designation
would permit the federal share of
5-8
On pages
of Corruaerce.
a §Uggeste<l
for an .OEDP is described.
outline
should contain six sections:
I.
Organization-
II.
The Redevelopment Area
III.
your water and sewage construction
projects to be increased.
In other
Area Goals
and Its Econoiity
Development of Action Programf
IV.
words,,the presently available state
funds for these projects (E63,000)
It
V.
Responsibility
Program Evaluation
VI.
will go further if the federal �are
11.
Most of this mate�ial is descrip
of the costs could be increased by
tion and the Department, Mr. Hasbrouck
EDA from the normal 50% to 70% or more.and others can help write this up for
(The Passamaquoddy Reservations are in your approval (and-the eventual approva redevelopment area - �ashington
al by the Council, before it is sub-
County - and the federal share of
their sanitation projects is between
70% and 80%.)
In addition, there
are other benefits that would help
the Tribe later, if the Reservation
becomes disignated as a redevelop! ent
area, in terns of .. econon1ic develop-
rnent, comn1unity b ildings, r ecreation
facilities, etc.
But what we're mainly interested in right now is stretching our saLitation money as far as
All of the planning work
mitted.)
already done by the Housing Authority
will be most important to the OT"WP.
1 2.
more informcollected for the
iain area where
The
ation needs to be
OEDP is section II
- the Redevelopment
One of the parts
Area and Its Economy.
of this section is about the population
Population
and labor force of the area.
information
(which could be
from the Tribal Census)
obtained
needs to be
rnssible (and stretching any addition- broken down by age groups (0-14, 15- 24,
al sanitation money we way get
25-44, 45-64, 65 and over) and by sex.
from
the �AgjR]�ture.)
Labor force information needs to
13.
8. The imp�r.qnt next step is for
show how many people over 14 are workthe Hoi1cing Authority to prepa
ing:full or part-time, or looking for
re the
Overall Economic Development Progr
the
how many are unemployed;
work;
am
(OED P) which the Trjbal C u
skills, age and education of people
o ncil could
t en submi� (if it wished) along
the percent of
who are unemployed;
.
with the required lett
e
er to the Assis- umemployed people who have b en unem
t ant Secretary of Commerce.
ployed more thail 1 year or less than
The re is
no point in 1ilnldng the request until
tc.
3 months;
�
the OEDP is ready to go in too.
9. The OEDP is "the docuL1ent submitted to the SDA describing the local
c�oi.<)mi c.
development program at a
given point of time."
The "develop-
ment
program" is a description of
what is pJ�nned"to create
new economic
c i ity arid improve community
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facilities and services.
The OEDP
"
must be s u b mi t t e d within 6
months
from the time a notifination
was vcceived that an area is qualifie
d.
In our case, this
ot;jfjcation was
received
vlously,
on December
23, 1968.
for Ovc::r!l 1 J
grams"
cr1pjes of "Guide
EcrJl11.rn i r. T·•:, � 1c•i•UL'-..�1-. .1.·-....
prepared
by the TT .�1. no pt.
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location and types of jobs involved;
wage rates;
from
$3,000
(under $3,000.
$4,999, $5,0 0 - to $9,999:
farni;Ly income
to
amount of education;
etc.);
etc.
1 5.
Perhaps this type of statistical
infor1 ation cou�d be collected on a
i..-..· Jith a simple
housc-to .. house ,
hich the Housing Au�hority
(assisted by the VISTAs?) could take
around.
If this is what you decide you
want to do,
�ent,
Ob-
Author..i.ty)
Labor force information also should
for employed people - the
include -
q uestinnaire,
etc.
Mr.
16.
Hasbrouck,
the Depart-
would be happy to help you
prepare a questi
the sooner the OBDP is submittcd and a pp r ov ed , th� better.
•Ne a r e lea 11 .in� with you (the
lC •
How:;irg
14.
naire.
There will be various other steps
required of the Tribe an,d the Housing
Authority before the actual application
_
for redevelopment designation can be
nqhr11itted,
(C11nt-;rn-\o•l
but it would seem that a
')Jl
paf;t
lll7
col1rn1n
1)
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continued frofil page 9)
first ste p will be to colle ct the
statistics �eede d on population anC
labor force .
Kenneth C. Thornpson
Deputy Commissioner
(FACTS
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EDITORIAL Continued from page 3.)
the extra money to do a minimum job.
The Penobscot and Passamaquoddy are
:� �
captured nations just as Japan and Germany
once were.
Only the Indians were stripped
of their land and their fore
their liveli-
hood and made dependent on their white
capturers.
AMERICAN IND IAN CALE:tffiAR
by
Tillie Walker
Then white man's laws were
passed preuenting the Indian from hunting
the game that was his sustenance.
Thus over the years the Indian has
become more and more dependent on the white
The name of the months in this
man and his legislature for his basic needs
unique 0alendar comes f rom the AssiniThen three years ago we were appointed
The calendar
oir e Tribe of Montana.
. Comn:.iesioner Hinckley to stand up for us.
has as its motif this year, dolls
Over a year ago Mr. Hinckley told
and figurines by the Ame rican Indian
the legislature how much money uould be
and the Eskitilo Indian.
needed to carry out a minimum program, b:.it
Copies of the Ame rican Indian
thinking of Indians the samy way they
r,a] Pn<iar can be obtained by writi11g
thought of bricks and cement, they cut
to P.O. Box 181+21, Capitol Hill Station , back., Hinckley could have stayed within
;ki1' 0r-, Colorado 80218
Price 1>2.50
ere told
this budget, he still can, if he
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���ter� - Half-way mark of
severe cold we�the r
Long Day Moon - Days lengthe n
in this moon
Sore Eye Moon - Snow blindness
is couunon in .his period
Frog's Moon - The croaking of
the frog is hear�
Idle Moon - The winter seaRon
is over
there is pause before
summer begins
Full Leaf Moon - All leaves
reach their full growth
Red Berrie s Moon - Red Berrie �
reach their maximum brj11'ance
Black.Cherries Moon - Choke
cherries ripen
Yellow Leaf Moon - The leave s
turn different hues of yellow
and red
The Striped G ?_Bher__ s>_9�_ Back L.
Summerlike days when the goprAr
comes out to have his final look
at the fine weather
Frost Moon - The heavy frost
cove rs the leafless trees, bush
es and landscape
the early
r
morning air glistens as the sun
rises
Center Moon's Youn� Brother the young moon is cfj ll gi-ng - ...
his trotber� Center Hoon
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July, but
to cut out all services �ill
this would not solve the problem, only
the facade around it.
The past two legislatures have provide'
funds for s�me good programs for the
Reservation Indians, to put them on their
feet again.
Let� not succumb now.
"The Cold iJind blows through the
cracks in our home, and 9ur cupboards
yield little more than the wind. :i
"Children, be brave and stop shiver
ing while there is hope':
11Grandmother, do not shed tears,
nor pity our dependent state while there
is hope.
:i
11There is hope that the Cold Hind
from the North will ease and soon will
bring to us whispers of Spring, of Growth
of Renewal, of Life, of Food • • • "
I wonder what Louis Jalbert is eat
ing ton:i_ght?
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RESERVA TION NEHS
1
y<••\r
(We are still hoping for news from
t-'ril>� ;:\9 we p,< t-o press.
Ed. Note.)
�( ll )
YOUTH TOLD TO DEF INE OWN ILLS , THEN ACT
Canada ' s Ind ians mu s t s t art recogn i z i ng their own prob lems in s t ead of
ac cep t ing as d i f f i cu l t i e s wha tever whi te exper t s t e l l them has to be corr e c ted .
Thi s i s the view of one of the organ izers of MANY , the Man itoba A s s o c iation of
Nat ive Youth .
The group was incorporated in Winnipeg. e ar l i er this fa l l and is
the f ir s t one of its kind in Canada .
November 9 weekend it he ld i t s f ir s t organizational confe�ence at the
Winnipeg Yl-'ICA .
Thirty de legates from Ind ian and Me t i s young pe ople ' s group s
a cro s s the province at tended .
"He have to define the thing s tha t are wrong with the Ind ian and Me t i s
i n today ' s $ociety our s e lve s and then s t art working o n the prob lems , " Al lan
Char trand , 22, MANY vice -pr e s ident said in an in terview wi th the Winnipeg Tribune .
Why
" There ' s no poin t b l aming the whi t e man for our troub l es a l l the t ime .
no t b lame our s e lves too ? "
To Mr . Char tr and , a former counse lor with the Ind ian and Me t i s Friend ship
Cen ter , the l og i c a l way to ad j u s t cond i tion s and ad j u s t the Ind ian to cont emporary
s o c ie ty i s :
to r e s o lve our d i f f i cu l t ie s among our s e lve s and then t o con fron t the
"
But pre sent Ind ian organ i z a t ions
whi te man and create a meaningfu l d ia l ogue . "
However , dialogue
are l arge ly ou tmoded for thi s purpo s e , Mr . Chartrand s aid .
wi l l come and i t s re su l t s wi l l be po s i t ive .
"For the time being I wou ld s ay we have to go into a kind of separ a t i sm
from Canadian s o c i e ty .
We mu s t find our s e lve s and make sure we ' re no t l o s ing
our cu l tural iden t i ty .
Once we have pre s erved i t , there ' s probab ly going to
be a merger with the mains tream o f Canadian s o c i e ty . "
" There are some ,
What about mi l i tan t Red Power advo cates among Ind ian s ?
of cour s e .
They s ay vio lence i s the only way of get ting yours e l f l i s tened to
the se days .
I don ' t think thi s i s nece s s ar ily so . "
Ind ian re serve s in Canada o f tomorrow w i l l con t inue to ex i s t , Mr . Chartrand
said , "un l e s s t he Ind ian s thems e lve s decide to do away wi th them . "
(From the Ind ian Re cord , Winn ipeg , Canada , December 1 9 6 8 )
·
•
•
•
CALIFORNIA IND !ANS EMPLOYED O N LOCATION FOR NEW FILM
Approxima t e ly 60 Ind ian men , , women and chi ldren from the Ind ian are as in
Southern Ca l i fo rnia , were "on locat ion" for Universa l Stud i o in the Ma l ibu
Moun tains for two days of sho o t ing various s cenes of the mo tion pic ture "Wi l l ie
B oy . "
Comparab le r a t e s (were paid ) for the Ind ian people based on Screen Ac tor s
Gui ld and Screen Ex tra s Gui ld ranging from $ 1 12 per day for special talent to
Arrangement s wer e made with the Ca li fornia Dept . of
$ 29 . 1 5 per d ay minimum .
We l f are to a l l ow we l fare r e c ip ien t s to use their fund s on hou se improvemen t s
Re serva t ion s repre sen ted were Morongo , Soboba ,
w i thou t affe c t ing we l f are che cks .
Torre s -Mar t ine z , Cahu i l l a and Pechanga .
"Wi l l ie Boy" i s the s tudy of an Ind ian who e lud ed po s s e after po s s e acro s s
Actre s s Susan Clark added her touch t o the
t he ho t , wa ter le s s Mohave D e s er t .
rea l i sm of the f i lm by learn i ng many word s in the almo s t -forgo t ten Cahui l la
language .
Her in s truc tor was Cather ine Saubel , a dir e c tor of Morongo Ind ian
Reserva t ion ' s Malki Mu s eum .
A Cahui l l a , she ' s a noted exper t on the tr ibe ' s
h i s t ory , cul ture and l anguage
Chan t s and song s heard in the ba ckground during
Tb� mov l � i s s cheduled for re lease in
the f i e s t a s cene s are sung by Indian s .
1969 .
(From t he Ind ian Record , Washing ton , D . C . , D e cember 1 9 6 8 )
•
•
•
�( 12 )
INDIANS SEEK EDU C ATION AND FREEDOJvI
WATERVIIJ..E - Impro ved educ atio nal oppo rtunit i e s and t he r i ght to govern
thems e lve s a r e the tv.o
sai d Wedne sday .
great est de s i re s of the Indi ans of Maine ,
vat ions partic ipated in a two-day sympo sium. on the
Colle ge he r e .
Faith Counci l at the
sponso red by the
Inter-
co ll ege .
· At a p ane l pro gram Wednesday evening ,
o u r dilemma,
1 1 Go rgotten Ame ri:c an " at Colby
The pro gram was th e thi rd in a s e rie s
Indian To wnship
the Indi an s
Indi an s from bo th the Pas s amaquoddy and the Penob s co t res e r-
John Stevens ,
governor o f ( the )
( Re s ervat io n ) at Pet er Dana Po int , to ld th e audi enc e ,
trying to
" Th i s i s
se ll o u r pro gram t o t h e bure au cr ats in Augu st a . 11
Seven rep r e s e ntatives of the two tri b e s were o n the pane l ,
and they were
in agreement that the two mo st impo r t ant areas to help th e Indian impro ve hi s
lot were improved e du cation and t h e o ppo rtunity fo r e du cation b eyond high s choo l
leve l , and th e p rivi le ge to govern t hem se lve s .
Othe r areas listed as h igh
prio rity it ems we re exte nsion o f wate r and sewe rage line s to the re s e rvatio ns ,
improved medi c al and d ental c ar e and impro ved ho using.
r e serv ati o n s was also d i s cu s se d ,
fir e s .
Fire pro te ction on th e
and t he ne e d fo r improving ways of battling
Fo rmer Penob s co t R e s ervat io n Indian Island Go v . Erne st Go s lin told the
audi e n c e tha t the re seems to be a co nstant e ffo rt "to integrate t he Ind i an with
th e wh i te man .
If you t ake us and throw us into your so ci ety, we will be lo st .
We h av e a fe elin g of
sai d .
se curi ty on our re s erv ations ;
it i s o ur way of life , " h e
H e talk ed o f his e ffo rt s an d tho s e o f other Indian governors to obtain
suppo rt from th e legi sl atur e s and from v arious o t he r agen c i e s con cerned with
Indi an affa i rs .
re sult s .
Go slin s tated ,
"We g e t a lot of lip servi c e s ,
but f ew t an gible
·
Howeve r, we have progre s sed in s pite o f the white man . "
Steven s
stated tha t th e tri bal customs of the Indians
are ve ry impo rt ant to us ; we want to pr e s e rve t hem.
Wayne N ewell ,
a
" and our culture
( Pa s s amaquoddy ) Ind i an currently \\Or king with t he Americ an
Fri en ds Servi c e Comm i tt e e ,
this l an d ,
11
stated th at over many ye ars the whi te man h a s inhabited
th ey h ave tri ed to he lp the Indi an "but th ey have failed .
it i s t im e the Indian h e lped him s e l f . "
I think
Edward H inckle y , c ommi s sio ner o f Indian Affair s for Maine, attended and
part ic ipa t ed in t he two-day pro gram .
Hinck ley expressed ple a sure over the
" numb e r of Ind i an s who took part . "
( From th e Bangor Dail News ,
y
1/9/69 .
Indi ans parti c ipati ng in the program
in additio n to t ho s e mentio ne d inc lud e d Ple asan t Po int Governo r Euge ne Fran ci s ,
Pas samaquo ddy Legi slative Repre sent at iv e Albe rt Dana, Mrs .
woo d Sapi el ,
Mr.
J effrey Go slin and Mr . Raymond
Spang
Albert Dana, Mr .
Lin
(No rth ern Cheyenne ) .
M r . Hinckley and Mr . Loui s Doyl e , Coo r d i nat or of the Dio c e s ean Divi sion of Indian
Servi c e s , conduc t e d semina rs on " Ind ian Affair s from the Perspe c tive of the
Maine Ind i an s , Hinckl ey and Spang pr esent ed a Tue sday evening
Whi t e Bur e au c r at . "
Mo r e th an 200 p eo ple attende d
p ro gram on 11 The Indi ans 1 Burden : The Whi te Man . "
various programs dur ing th e two d a y affai r ; t h e film " The Exi l e s " was also shown ., )
FORD FU ND GRAN TS
The For d Foundation, through it s p re s id en t , M c George Bundy, report s 'grant s
The mone y i s intended to strengthtotal ing $654, 500 to a s si st Amer i c an Indians .
en multitribal o rgan i zations ; fo st e r coop eratio n among Indian le ad e r s , heighten
awarene s s of cultural heri tage and encourage great e r utili z at ion o f o pportuni ti c �
Re cei ving agenc i e s include t he National
for e du c at io n and e co nomi c development .
of Amer i can Ind i an s , the Uni v e r s ity of Alaska, the Alask a Federation of
Congre ss
Nativ e s ,
the C e nt e r fo r th e Art s of Ind i an Ame ri ca and the Citi zens Crus ade
Agains t Pove rty .
( F rom t h e Indian League of t h e Ameri cas News le tter ,
De c ember 1968 )
�( 13)
BLANCHE NICOLA BECOME S BRIDE OF KENTUCKY MAN
OLD TOWN - S t . Ann ' s Church , Ind ian I s land , was the s e t ting for the
January 1 0 wedding o f Mi s s B lanche Nicho l a , daughter of the Ralph An thony
Ni co las , to Phi l l ip Raymond Lancas ter , son of Mr . and Mr s . Franc i s B . Lancas ter
of Loui sv i l l e , Ky .
Performing the ceremony was the Rev . Romeo S t . Pierre .
Solo i s t was Yrl s s
There s e Sappier and organ i s t Mr s . Raymond Chare t te .
Mr . Ni co la gave h i s daugh
ter · in marr iage .
The br idge wore a whi te s a t in brocade gown and shou lder
l eng th ve i l a t tached to a mat ching p i l lb ox .
She carried whi te carna tions and
red r o s ebud s .
She wore a
Mr s . Suzanne Loui s e Greenan of Bangor was ma id of honor .
long b lue s a t in bro cade gown with ma tching bow headpie ce .
She carr ied whi t e
and p ink carna t ion s .
Grayden L . Lo lar of O l d Town w a s b e s t man . , A reception
was he ld at the Ind i an I s land Tr ib a l Hal l .
As s i s t ing were Mrs . Wa le t ta Bear ,
Mr s . Avi s Cox , Mi s s Faye B i sulca and Mi s s Mi ldred Lo lar .
Mr s . Lancas ter a t tended John Bap s t High School and graduated from Ayer
High Scho o l .
She at tende d Beal Busines s Co l lege and is emp loyed at Tr i -Northern
Denta l Lab or ato�y .
The groom gradu a t e d from Shawne High Schoo l , L�u i sv i l le ,
and served 4 year s in the Air For c e .
(From t he Bangor Dai ly New s , 1 / 1 9 / 6 9 )
IND IAN TOHNSHIP WOMEN ' S CLUB F ORMED
On W edne sd ay , De cember 4 , the �omen l s Club o f Ind ian Town ship wa s formed .
The mee t ing was he ld at the s choo l at Pe ter Dana Po int .
E l e c ted to offices
were : Anna Harno i s , Pre s iden t ; Ele anor Mi tche l l , Vice Pre s ident ; Joan Dana ,
8Pcrer �ry ; Irene Newe l l , Trea surer ; and Phi l omene Dana , Progr am Organ i zer .
Member s pre sen t were : Fanny Newe l l , Gloria So ckab a s i n , Bernade t t e Lo la ,
Mary Lou Tomah , Chr i s t ine Sockaba s in , E l i zab e th Sopie l , Margery LaCo o te and
Haz e l Sockaba s in .
The mee t ing s w i l l b e he ld regu lar ly on the f ir s t Wedne sday o f every month �
The nex t mee t ing , however , wi l l be he ld at the Calai s Federa l Build in g on Tue s
day , D ecemb er 1 0 .
(From The Wigwam , 1 2 / 6 / �8 )
MAS S . INDIANS PLIGHT S TIRS DOLAN
IPSWICH
Rep . John F . Do lan , R-Ipswich , has de c ided i t is t ime to
end d i s cr imina t ion again s t the Ameri can Indian s and in a leg i s l ative package
he c a l l s for e s t ab l i shme n t of a (Ma s s�chu se t t s ) s tate Ind ian Af fair s Bureau .
Dolan s aid the main pur p o s e of the b i l l would be to s e t up an agency
which wou ld b e t ter provide for the need s of impoverished Indians , many of whom
are l iv ing f ar be l ow current pover ty leve l s .
If h i s b i l l shou ld win support ,
D o lan said the bureau then could look into a l l of the o ld charters and tre a t ie s
from Colonial t ime s on to d e t ermine whe ther t h e set t lers and the ir d e s cendan t s
have truly l ived u p to the agreeme n ts over the year s .
The· Ipswich le g i s lator has v i s i ted Gay Head and has seen f ir s t hand the
l iv ing condi tions o f the rema ind e r o f the Ma s hpe� Tribe .
He s aid he is con
cerned a l s o with the tre at i e s which were s igned and sealed when Mas sachu s e t t s
and Maine d ivided into two .s tat e s .
He bel ieve s tha t even though there i s an
Ind ian Af f air s Bure au nat iona l ly , much good could ar ise from a bureau on the
s tate l eve l .
The Ind ians have appear ed b e fore the leg i s lature asking f or recogni t ion
and benef i t s which should have ac crued to them un d er t reatie s s igned in Colonial
t ime s .
Their cond i t ion has been cal lP.d d e g r a d ing , and for years they have
been treated as s e cond - c l a s s c i t i z en s .
· \. Cont inued on Page 14}
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•
•
•
=
�( 14)
( Cont inued from Page 1 3 )
" A l l the law s , general and s p e c ia l , dea ling w i th the Ind ians i n this
s t a t e should b e reviewed to d e termine whe t her or not the s ta te has l ived up t o
i t s promi s e s , " D o lan d e c lared .
" I t i s true there i s only a sma l l number o f
Ind ians l e f t , bu t w e should treat them w i t h e qu a l i ty , " he added .
(From the Sa lem , Ma s s . , News , 1 2 / 7 / 68 .
In c orr e s pondence with Ma ine ' s
Ind ian Affairs Commi s s ioner Ed;ard Hinc kley , Repre s en t a t ive D o l an wri t e s : " I
hav e b een gre at ly surpr i sed a t the in t er e s t shown in thi s b i l l s ince I filed
He a l s o informed Hinckley
i t and tru s t tha t i t wi l l serve some us eful purpo s e . "
that , in ac cord ance w i th prov i s io n s o f a Ma s sachu s e t t s Re s o lve o f 1 9 38 (Chapter
22) an inve s t igat ion by the S t a te Commi s ioner o f Con s erva t ion (Erne s t J. Dean )
was made r e la t ive to the " so - ca l l ed Poc a s s e t Branch o f the Wampanoag Tribe o f
Ind i an s . "
Dean submi t ted h i s repor t to the Ma s s achu s e t t s Senate in January ,
1 9 39 .
In it he reported on v i s i t s to tr iba l members in the F a l l River - Free
t own area of the s ta t e , ind i c a t ed tha t they he ld " f e e l ing of l ong s tand ing , tha t
they have been d i spo s s e s s e d of their former home s w i thout the ir con sent and
w i t hout proper compen s a t ion , and , in some cas e s , none of any kind . "
D ean con
t ined : " Th e inve s t igat ion ind icated this fee l ing was , t o some ex te n t , jus t ified . "
In an a t tached l eg i s l a t ive propo s a l , Dean submi t ted a dra f t o f a b i l l
whi c h wou ld have e s tab l i shed a n Ind ian r e s erva t ion i n the Free town-Fal l River
S ta t e Fore s t , a s s i s ted in the con s truc t ion of a t r ib a l museum and craft s shops ,
and a s s i s t ed in the cons truc tion of home s for about 1 2 tribal fami l ie s .
It i s n o t b e l ieved that t h i s measure was ever enac t ed ; the New s le t ter ha s
Reader s in ter
no know ledge of a Re s ervat ion for any tribe in Mas s achu se t t s .
e s t e d in the s e mat te r s - par t i cu l ar ly tho s e in Ma s s achuse t t s - are urged to
expr e s s their o pin ions to Rep . D o lan , who may be addre s s ed a t the S ta t e Hous e
i n Bo s t on , o r a t 39 E a s t S tr ee t , I p swich , Ma s s . - Ed . )
MORE ON THE MOHAWKS
MAS SENA , N . Y . (AP) - Mohawk Ind ian s aga in con fron ted Canadian cus toms
o f f ic i a l s Sunday , try ing to g e t free in ternat ional pa s sage guaran teed by the
1 7 94 Jay Treaty .
The Mohawks again were turned down .
As a re su l t they de
c id e d t o s end ano ther d e legat ion to O t t awa to mee t w i th the Canadian Prime
Mini s ter .
The demon s trat ion c ame at the CaP.adian Cu s t oms House on the Internat ional
The cus toms poin t ha s been
Bridge that conne c t s the Uni te d S tat e s and Canada .
the f o cu s of a c on t inuing serie s of move s by the Indi an s , who are try ing to
for c e o f f i c ia l s t o s t o p l evying cus toms dut i e s on the S t . Reg i s Mohawks i
There were two un suc ce s s fu l a t temp t s Sunday to take good s duty -free
a cr o s s the In terna tional Br idge into Canada .
The fir s t a t tempt was made b y
Mohawk prince s s Kahn - t in e t a -horn , a high fashion mode l from t he Mon trea l are a .
l· hen cu s t oms o f f i ce r s t old
She c arr ied gro cer ie s and p er s onal p o s s e s s ion s .
her she had t o pay duty on the good s , the princ e s s repor t e d that und er the
Jay Treaty she was en t it l e d t o take the good s in to Canada wi thout paying duty .
She was turned down .
Later Sunday about 200 o f the Mohawks me t in the Looghous e on the S t . Re�i r
The group inc luded Indian s from Montreal , Algonquin Indian s fro�
Re s erva t ion .
The group
Maniwauki , Que . and Onondaga tr ibe smen from the Syracu s e are a .
d e c ided t o send ano ther d e legation t o Ot tawa to try to mee t w i th Canadian
Andr2.s
Pr ime Min i s ter Trudeau and Rob er t Andra s , a min i s ter in the government .
was repor ted Fr iday to have s aid the c u s t oms t ieup could spark an Ind ian rebe l
l i on i n Canad a .
In the s e cond of two demonstrat io n s Sunday , o ther Ind ian s purchased gro
c e r i e s at a s tore in Roo s eve l l to\>m , near Mas sena , to t ake back into Canad a .
Offi c i a l s s e i zed the gro c er i e s which were dragged to the cus toms poin t by a
four -year - o ld boy w i th a s le d
( Cont inued on Page 1 5 )
• • •
•.
�( 15 )
( Continue d from Page
Last month ,
to ld b y
a
h i gh
St .
14 )
Regi s Re s e rvation Chief Angu s Mit ch ell sai d he h ad b e e n
Ind i an Affair s o ffi ci a l in th e C anadian government th �t a n agre e
ment had been r e a c h e d that would allow the Ind ians free a c c e s s ac ro s s the bo rder .
And ra s ,
in a s t a t ement Friday ,
toms duti es was
" t he
s ai d th e fu ro r over the
spark that igni ted outbre aks a cro s s the
co lle c t io n o f cu s
11
Two
country .
shot s were f i r ed i nt o the c us toms ho u s e aft e r the mid- De c embe r d emo n s t r atio n s
and Canadi an government o ffi c ial s for a t im e re l axed the po li cy o n co ll e ct ing
duty from Indi ans .
The Trudeau go vernment h a s hel d, b a si c ally, that th e matt e r i s one to be
wo rked out by the c us tom s and exci se o f fi c ers .
12
and
( From the Kenne b e c Jo urnal ,
13 )
1/6/69 .
See De cember Newslet t er ,
P ag e s 10,
TEENAGERS A TTEND N . H. CONFERENCE
Over the Thank sgiv ing ho liday , 11 Maine Ind ian youth at tended a confe rence
o f the Organ i ?.at ion of Nat ive Ameri can S tudent s on the Dkr tmouth Campu s at
Hanov er , N . H .
The teenagers o f each r e s erva t ion e le c t ed 3 repre sen tative s :
Angi e Sockab a s in , Eugene S tan l ey and Mar tin Fran c i s wen t from Pleasant Po int ;
G loria S teven s , S teven Newe l l and Thoma s Lo la repr e sented the V I T (Very Impor
In add i t ion Ju s t in Lola and Mark
tant Teenager s ) C lub of Ind ian Township .
S tevens from Pe ter Dana Point a t tended .
The o t her 3 s tuden t s were from Ind i.an
I s land ( Titmny Love , Faye B i sulca and " Sparky" C lark ) .
S tud en ts from a l l over the coun try and from many d i fferent tribes of
Ind ian s and Eskimos came to the conference to d i s cu s s how togeth er they could
he l p the ir peop l e .
They fe l t that the ma j or prob lem they could try to face
wa s the drop-ou t pro b l em : acro s s the coun try the �rop-out rate among Ind ians
i s much higher than among any o ther group .
Many s tuden ts fe l t tha t the cause
o f mos t o f thi s prob lem was tha t educat ion for Ind ians has always tried to
m�ke them into White s ; they said that they wan ted educat ion to re late t o Ind ian
cu l ture as lt ex i s t s today .
Among i t s o ther goa l s was to incr ease the number of Ind ian s tude n t s en
r o l led in pr iva te c o l leges and high s cho o l s acro s s the coun try and to make.
o ther programs more avai lab le to Ind ian youth .
On Saturday, Novembe r 3 0 , Tim Love from Ind ian I s l and wa s e l ec ted to the
Board o f D ir e c t or s to repr e s en t Maine Ind ian studen t s .
(From The W igwam , ; 2/ 6 / 6 8)
LEGISLATIVE NEWS
F IRST DE PARMENTAL BUDGET. HEARING HELD
On Wednesday , January 2 2nd , the Leg i s lat ive Appropriatio n s Commi t tee he ld
a pub l i c hear ing on the D e p ar tment of Ind ian Affairs ' _ Par t I (Curren t Service s )
budge t reque s t s for 1 9 6 9 - 1 9 70 and 1 9 70 - 1 9 7 1.
The Par t I reque s t s are for
fund s to main tain the current l evel o f d epar tmental programs - no fund s for
new programs or s erv ic e s c an b e reque s ted in the Par t I budge t .
Tho s e for 1 9 6 7 F o l lowing are the f igur e s pre s en ted by the Departmen t .
Tho se
68 repr e sent ac tu al expend i ture s f or the year end ing June 3 0 , 1 9 6 8.
The figur e s
for 1 9 6 8 - 6 9 repr e s en t the current budget for t he Depar tment .
n the "Re que s t" c o lumn repre s en t Commission er Hinckley ' s b a s i c reque s t to the Leg i s lature ; tho se in the "Re connne nd a t ion" c o lumn repre sent the advice
to the Leg i s lature by the S ta te Bureau o f the Budge t .
" Personal Servi ce s "
invo lve s s a l ar ie s of a l l S tate emp loye e s ; " Capi tal" are fund s for permanen t
e quipment (d e sks, t ypewr i ter s , e tc . ) ; "Al l Other" is every thing e l se - a l l
Re se rvation labor , Tr ibal employee s � vege s ; _
fo�d , } medicine t doctors � · � et vice s ,
ho s p i t a l care , r e � er va t ion uti l iti e s - every thing but s a l ar i e s and equipment ?
(Con tinued on Page 1 6 )
�( 16 )
(Con t inue d from Page 1 5 )
AC TUAL
REQUE S T
1 9 6 7 - 68
1 9 68 - 6 9
1 9 70 - 7 1
1 9 6 9 - 70
PERSONAL SERV I CE S
ALL OTHER
CAPITAL
TOTAL
RECOMMENDATIO
1 9 6 9 - 70 1 9 7 0 7 1
-
5 3 , 705 . 9 8
6 6 , 5 24
7 3 , 08 9
76 , 2 1 8
7 3 , 089
76 , 2 1 . .
2 30 , 78 7 . 0 1
204 , 6 26
233 , 33 7
233 , 3 3 7
2 1 4 , 44 7
214 , 44 7
9 6 5 . 68
948
. 94 8
22548
948
22548
2 8 5 , L} 5 8 6 7
2 7 2 , 0 98
30 7 , 3 74
3 1 2 , 103
288 , 484
293 , 213
•
Fo l l owing i s t h e tex t o f Hin ckley ' s prepared s ta t ement t o the Commi t tee :
1 1 Concentr a t e on the ALL OTHER expend iture s .
As the s t a t i s t i c s show , t hey
( in 1 9 6 7 -6 8 ) refr e s en t e d 8 1% of the D epar tment ' s budge t and 7 1% of them were
for d ir e c t Hea l th and \1Te l fare s ervi ce s to ind igen t tribal members . "
' ·An ad d i t ion a l 19% o f the ALL OTHER expend i ture s for 1 9 6 7 - 6 8 were for
e s s e n t i a l mun i c ipal s ervi c e s on the 3 Re serva t ions - Labor , Ut i l i t ie s and Re
p a ir s . '
1 1 E l ig ib i l i ty for s ervi ce s and the range o f e s sential service s pr ovided
have no t changed materia l ly s ince the day s of Dep t . of Hea l th and He l fare
admin i s trat ion of Ind ian affair s .
Re serva t ion e c onomy and need s , hawever , plus
dras t i c nat ionwide incre a s e s in the co s t of He a l th and He l fare goods and
s ervice s , have r e s u l ted in a con t inu ing increase in expend i ture s needed to
main t a in current s ervi ce s . "
1A supp l emen tal curren t servi ce s appropr iat ion of $ 50 , 000/ year was re que s ted
8 18 , 000 was provided for
of the 1 03rd Legi s la ture for the current b ienn ium .
1 96 7 -6 8 and noth ing add i t iona l for 1 9 6 8 - 6 9 .
Ac cord ing ly , a dra s t i c r educ t ion
in s ervi c e s wa s imp leme n ted in Apr i l , 1 9 6 8 , and mo s t aspe c t s o f this reduc t ion whi ch ha s r e su l t e d in wor s ened human and phy s ica l cond i t ions on the 3 Re s erva
t ion s - are s t i l l in e ff e c t .
A sup p l emental emergency appropr iat ion o f
$ 5 0 , 000 i s b eing r e que s t ed o f the 104th Leg i s la ture in . �n e f for t t o res tore
the l eve l of curre n t serv i c e s previou s ly author i zed . "
"As ide from this , i t i s e s sential that the "reque s ted" ALL OTHER amoun ts
of $ 2 33 , 3 3 7 per year b e appropr ia t ed .
The s e � igure s were ob tained by add ing
the maximum permi t ted co s t in crea s e s to the 1 9 6 7-68 ALL OTHER f igure s .
The se
e s t imat e d cost incre a s e s - par t i cular l y in Hea l th and .r!e l fare categor i e s ar e cons iderab ly l e s s (4%-5%) than the pas t year ' s /exper ienc e s have ind icated
ar e l ike ly ( 8%- 20%) . 1 1
. ; ' However , the appropr i a t ion of the 1 1 r e que s te d 1 1 amoun t s wou ld pu t the
Depar tmen t ' s budge t in par t ial a l ignmen t with 1 9 6 7 - 6 8 s pend ing .
Improved
ac count ing procedur e s and c lo s er examina t ion (wi th the Tr ib e s ) of service
pr ior i t i e s migh t make i t po s s ib l e to operate within- the , ;re que s ted" ALL OTHER
amoun t s w i thout s er ious hard ship to the Ind ians - c o s t s do no t cont inue to
if
incr e a s e at the ir pr e se n t r a t e . 1 1
; ;Even such a cau t ious pre d i c t ion as thi s canno t be made on the bas i s o f
the 1 1 r e comme nd e d " ALL OTHER f igure s ! "
In hi s oral t e s t imony , Hinckley summar i zed the above s t a temen t, exp l aining
the impo r t ance of the A l l Other amoun t s , in tha t Per s onal Services increa s e s
ar e d u e to s t a t e - approved p a y incre a s e s and t h a t t h e Cap i ta l inct�a 6e � ( from
$ 9L:.8 to $ 2 , SL� 8 ) inc lud e s a $ 1 , 600 insuranc e p aymen t on a col lapsed trib a l
bui l d ing tha t is alread y on hand .
Re p·.. Lou i s Ja l b er t (D -Le·wi s to n ) led o f f the 1 1 que s t ioning' 1 o f Commi s s ioner
Hinckley with a speech ( cont aining no que s t ions ) in whi ch he accused Hi�ckley
When some
of i l l e g a l a c t ions in s pend ing money wi thout legi s la t ive approva l .
o f his s t at emen t s were rephr a s ed a s que s t ions , Hinckley denied ever having
In re sponse to que s t ions from
s pe n t s ta t e fund s that hadn ' t been au thor ized .
(Cont inued on Page 1 7 ) -
�( 1 7)
(Cont inued from Page 1 6 )
Rep . John Mar t in (D -E ag le Lake ) Hi nckley expl ained that the rea son h e had not
reduced s ervice s $ 50 , 000-wor th a t the end of the 1 s t quart e r of the current
year , when he rea l i zed he had in suffic ien t fund s to ma in tain them , wa s tha t
Governor Cur t i s had s aid h e d id no t w i sh thi s done .
Hinckley answered a que s
t ion from Re p . Herman Sahag ian (R-Be lgrade ) by exp l aining tha t under D ep t .
o f Hea l t h and Ue l f a�e admin i s trat ion , Ind ian appropr i a t ions had a l s o been
insuff i cien t dur ing e ach year but tha t trans fer s from o ther DH&l? approp riat ion s
had concealed thi s fac t from the Leg is latur e s in the pas t , and tha t Ind ian
appr opr iat ion incr e a s e s r e que s t ed by the D H&W had been only very sma l l in com
par i son to tha t Depar tme n t ' s to t a l budge t reque s t s .
He said the prob lem was
no t ne�� - on ly newly v i s ib le in the sma l l , s ing le -appropr iat ion Dept . of Ind ian
Affair s .
I t · coul d b � · no ted tha t Rep . Ja lbert le f t the he ar ing af ter having de
l ivered his own speech , so he wa s unab le to pro f i t from the e f f e c t ive support ive
t e s t imony d e l ivered by a var ie t y of Indians and non-Ind ians al ike . Pa s s ama qu od
dy Leg i s l a t ive Repre senta t ive Albert Dana exp lained how unantic ipa ted , and
s er ious , med i ca l emergen c i e s could incre ase expend iture s , as we l l as dea ths
o f Maine Ind :t an s out -o f - s ta te , Hi th fund s needed to pay the ir tran s po r t a t ion
back to the re servat ions for bur i a l .
Penob s c o t Leg i s la t ive Repre s entative
John Ne l son te s t if ied to the progre s s that was b e ing made with the D epar tmen t
by the trib e s and expre s sed the fee l ing tha t the Depar tment had never been
suf fi cien t ly suppor t e d w i th appropr ia t ions to r e a l ly ge t moving .
Pen ob s co t
member Erne s t Go s lin d e l ivered a very e lo quen t speech abo u t the ady,an tages to
the s t ate in the long run i f the Depar tme n t was permi t ted to a s s i s t Ind ians in
f i n a l ly , after many year s , s t and ing on the ir own fee t .
Penob s co t Counc i l memb er Vio let Francis se conded tfr . Go s l in ' s t e s t imony
and Penob s c o t member Phy l l i s 1cGrane exp lained her persona l effort s to see that
her 6 chi ld ren comp le t ed the ir high s choo l education and went on to c o l lege
whi l e she her s e l f at temp t s to suppor t them and take cour s e s at the Univers i ty
too .
Mr . Jerry Her l ihy , speaking for the Re form Democra t s of Maine , t e s t ified
(as a teache r ) about the impor tance o f ade quate food , fue l and hea l th care to
s tuden t s - he poin ted out tha t if the Leg i s la ture cou ldn ' t a s s i s t in making
the s e s ervices avai l ab le to Ind ians , they might as we l l no t appropr i a t e money
for Indi an schoo l s , a s hungry , s i ck , co ld s tud en t s are not go ing to be at le to
learn .
Loui s Doy le , Coord inator of the D ivis ion of Ind ian Servi c e s of the
Roman Catho l i c D ioce s e o f Por t land , remind ed the Commi t tee that they were talk
ing of people - no t of highway surfac ing , or b ir thd ay par t i e s for the S tate and that he knew of cas e s of i l lne s s and even de ath caused by lack of funds
for proper hea l th servi ce s on the reserva tions .
He sugges ted tha t even the
"re ques ted" Al l Other amoun t s ·wer e in suffic ien t , and promi s ed the Commi t te e
s ta t i s t i c s to suppor t the n e e d f o r $ 70 , 000 add i t ion al i n Al l Other fund s .
Othe r s pr e s ent ' ho ind icat e d their suppor t by s tand ing inc luded r e pre s
entat ives o f the Bath You th Ac t ion Commi t tee , the Bath-Brun swick Commit tee for
Racial Unders tand ing , the Social Ac t ion Commi t te e of the E run swick Uni tarian
Chur ch , the Amer i can As soci a t ion of U nive r s i ty Tlomen , and the L e ague of Homen
Vo t er s .
In add i t ion , � s . Ca ther ine Car swe l l , former Democrat ic r e pre senta
ir
t ive fr�m Por t land , s uppor ted the Dtpar tmen t ' s re que s t , exp laining tha t she had
bee n a member of the Leg i s lat ive Commi t tee which had rec�mmended the creat ion
of a D e p t . of Ind ian Affair s to the 10 2nd Legi s la ture .
Mo s t o f the Ind ian speaker s urged that Ind ian affair s or r e s pon s ib i l i ty
Rep . Mar t in did
� be tran s ferr e d b a ck to t he D ep t . of Hea l th and He l f are .
sugge s t the po s s ib i li ty of legi sla t ion which wou ld permi t tha t depar tment to
t r ans fer fund s to t he Dep t ! o f Ind ian Affair s .
The theme t ha t the ba s ic need
i s � con tinua l re l i e f programs , but rather a chance for Ind i an s to reach a
point 'Hhere they can fu n c t on in<le pe1 den t ly , was s t r e s P etl .
The Comm i t t ee
ui l 1 cons ider thf' ma t t er in l a t e r eY.: P c u i v £> R e s s i uu s .
�(18 )
#
Following is th e t ext o f L . D .
Rep .
John Hartin
e ffe ctive ,
of
( D--Eagle
cour s e ,
Lake
)
259,
an emergency bill int ro duc ed · by
In o rd e r fo r it to be come
on J anu ary 22nd .
it h a s to be approved by the ent ire Legi sl a ture .
AN AC T Provi ding Fund s fo r Indi an Affa i rs
Eme rgency Pre amble .
90
unt i l
wne r a s ,
Act s of the Legi sla ture do not b e come e ffe ct ive
days a ft e r a d j nurnment unle ss ena cte d a s eme rgenci e s ;
Whe r ea s ,
c e rt a in oblig ations and expen se s inc ident t
and
the operatio n o f
th e Department o f Indian Affai rs wi l l b e cµme due and payable immediately ;
and
Whe re a s , the s ai d 90-day pe rio d will not t enninate until a fter the begin
ning of the fourth qu a rt e r o f the current fi s cal ye ar ; and
Whe re a s ,
in the
judgment of the Le g i s lature the se fa ct s creat e an emergen
cy within th e meaning of the Co nst itution of Maine and re oui r e the following
legi sla ti o n as imm e dia tely ne c e s s ary fo r the pre servation of the publi c p e a ce ,
h e a lt h and s afety;
now, there for e ,
Be i t ena cted by the Peo ple o f the Sta t e o f
a ine , a s follows :
Appropri at ion .
There is app ropri ated from t he Unappropriated Surplus
fo r
of t h e Ge ne ral Fund to the Dep artment o f Indian Affair s the sum o f
30, 19 69 ,
the fi s c a l ye ar e ndi ng June
$50, �00
to pr vide fo r c o ntinuation o f the current
l ev e l of h ea lt h a nd w e lfare s e rvi c e s fo r the re s idents of the
ti ons .
3
The bre akdown shall be as fo llows :
DEPARTHENT OF IN DIAN AFFAIRS
Ind i an Re serva
1968-69
$5 J, OOO
All other
Provi de s additional funds for current s e rv i c e s
In vi ew of the emergency c i t ed in the preamble ,
Emerg ncy Clau s e .
Act
thi s
sh a l l t ake e ffect when appro ved .
CUR TI S RELUC TAi:JT TO ACT ON HINCKLEY RE S IGNA TION
AUGU S TA - A l though Governor Kenne t h M .
to
a c t at
Edward
s ign s
thi s
C.
Cur t i s expre s s ed r e luc t ance Thur s day
t im� on an und a t e d re s i gnat ion by Ind ian A f f a i r s Commi s s ioner
Hinckley ,
he may be
for c e d t o d o s o b y a Le g i s la ture whi ch ha s
o f d i s co n t e n t over a d e f i c i t
in
the
shown
Ind ian A f f a ir s D e partment for the
s e c ond con s e c u t ive � iennium .
Hinck ley , who has a s ked
h i s d e p ar tmen t
for an eme rgency appropr i a t ion of
through the end of
:ne n Thur s day mor n ing tha t if
t hen tha t ' s the way i t ' s go t
t he pr i ce of g e t t ing
to be
$ 50 , 000 to
30 , to ld
the current f i s ca l year on June
•
•
•
the
11
$ 50 , 000
carry
news
·1 1means my j ob ,
He conf irmed a rumor t h a t h i s ( o f f e r o f ) r e s ignat ion , und a ted , i s in the
governor ' s hand s and has b een s in c e Hinckley submi t ted hi s bud g e t showing an
QVerd r a f t
co s t s .
for
thi s b iennium caus ed mai n ly by unan t ic ip a t e d he a l th and we l f are
B o t h he and t he Governor hedge d when a s ked i f the unda t e d r e s ignat ion
had b een d emanded by the governor .
.
Cur t i s me t w i t h newsmen a t an impromptu pre s s conference Thurs d ay noon a f t c "'.'
an o r d e r was i n troduced in t h e S enate
to c r e a t e a " commi t tee o f inquiry " to s tudy
He s ai d Hinckley ' s r e s igna t ion was "no t part i c
,
u l ar ly a s ked for" and add e d ',! there i s n o move t o a c c e p t i t now . "
the Ind i an A f fa i r s D epar tmen t .
He
s a i d he i s d i s p le a s e d w i t h the appare n t ly poor a c count ing sy s t em u s e d
h y t h e sma l l Ind ian A f f a i r s Depar tment a n d acknow l e dg e d t h a t t h e inc ident " cas t s
a re f l e c t ion o n my admin i s t r a t ion .
However ,
I
am
no t ab out to r e p lace anyone
Regard l e s s , Cur t i s is known to f e e l that
they have a d e f i c i t • . ,
the commi s s i oner ' s r e s igna t i on may we l l b e the bargain i ng po i n t neede d by the
j u s t b e c au s e
governor i f
the Leg i s la ture i s
The governor s a i d he
affairs
�
as
" an eva lua t ion
to make up the de f ic i t .
suppo r t s
'
the propo s e d inquiry in to the d e p ar tmen t s
to d e t ermine whe t her he
(Cont inued • on Page
(Hinckley)
19)
ha s done
a
proper
�(19)
(Con t inued from Page 1 8 )
j ob . 1 1
Bu t he s aid l ater in the I'\ews conference he though t Hinckley had nd one
a good j ob .
However ,
I ' m not sure tha t anyone e l s e could have done be t ter .
I am very impatient to see more done on our Ind ian r e s erva t ion s .
I am frus tra
ted that we have no t done more . 1 •
Cur t i s acknowledged tha t h e h a s re ce ived p e t i t ions o f suppor t f o r Hinck ley
from about 100 of Maine ' s 1 200 Ind ians res id ino on the S t a te ' s three re s erva
t ions .
Hinckley , the f ir s t commi s s ioner of t e depar tment crea ted by the
l0 2nd Le gi s l atur e , is popular with the Pa s s amaquoddies and the Penob s co t .
Several Ind i an s t e s t i f ied emo t iona l ly in his beha l f at Hedne sday ' s appr opr ia. t ions hear ing .
At tha t he aring , Hinckley t o ld the commi t tee t hat when India ns were
under the j ur i sd i c t ion o f the Hea l th and We l fare Department , shortage s in var
ious areas wer e cover ed through ' in trade partmental trans fers o f fund s , and
never � e came apparent to the Leg i s lature .
Hi s de par tmen t i s too sma l l to use tha t b o okke e p i ng maneuver to comb a t
ris ing med i c a l co s t s , t h e you thfu l commi s s i oner said .
H e s aid i t migh t no t
be a bad id ea to au thor ize tran s fers from the Heal th and He l fare De par tment
.
to hi s depa-r t n:ent for med ical s ervice s .
The order c a l l ing for a departme n t in quiry , spon s ored by S en . B enne t t D .
Ka t z , R -Augus ta , would s e t up a committee of two s enators , tw o repre s ent at ive s
and the two trib a l repre senta tive s .
The order t akes no te that the Ind i an
Af fair s D epar tment " i s exper i enc in g increas ing d i f f i cul ty� in performing dut i e s
and exer c i s ing super v ls ion , large ly invo lving heal th and we l far e ser vice s
It
as a sma l l depar tmen t wi th a s ingl e appropr iation and a l imi ted s taff . i :
au thor i z e s the s tudy group to spend $ 200 i n coming up wi th i t s re commenda t ion
. and charge s it to r port b ack to thi s Leg i s lature .
Ve teran Appropr iati on s Commi t tee memb er R ep . Lou is Jalb e r t , D -L�wis t on ,
r ebuked Hinckley at a pub l i c hear ing on his depar tmen t ' s budge t Wedne s d ay .
Jalb ert said Hinckley ' s over § pending , coup led with a d e f i c i t he ran up two
year s ago when he w as a l s o admon i shed by the appropriat ions comm i t te e , " come s
qui t e c lo s e to de f iance . 1 1
But Gov . Cur t i s to ld newsmen he doesn ' t nece s s ar i ly cons ider the commi s
s ioner ' s overd r a f t a : ; d e f i ance . "
" There i s n o point i n b laming anyone ·
�Te
j u s t have to s traighten o u t the s y s tem , " the chie f exe cut ive conc lud e d .
A b i l l seeking an emergency $ 50 , 000 appropriation for the de partme n t
has b een f i led by Rep . John L . Mar t in , D -Eag le Lake ( s e e Page' 18) , a member
of t he Appropr i a t ions Commi t te e .
Appropr iat ions cha irman Sen . Jo s e ph S ewa l l ,
R -Old Town , ha s s a i d t he commi t tee plan s t o amend the b i l l t o impo s e t ighter
f inancial con tro l over t he depar tmen t .
The pend ing inquiry is expe c ted t o
produce a recommendat ion in thi s re spec t .
(From the BangQ� D a i ly Ne��s , 1 / 24 / 69 .
The As s o c ia ted Pre s s r e l e a s e
o f January 24th ind icated that the cotmni t te o f in qu iry w a s charged to�f!c onsu l t
w i t h the nec e s s ary s ta te and tribal o f f i c ia l s • 1 1
Bo th Hinckle y and Cur t i s
s aid the s tudy i s a prop er s t ep t o take .
Cur t i s s aid tha t he bad Hinckley ' s
und a t ed r e s igna t ion , but the commi s s ioner d e s cr ibed the le t ter a s " an o f f er
o f r e s i gnation . "
The AP quo ted Hinckley as s ay ing , " i t was pu t to me (by a repre s en t a t ive
of the governor ) tha t to ob t a in support for an appropria t io n of more fund s i t
migh t b e ne ce s s ary to prove tha t some change s wer e b e ing made in adminis tra t ion
oi the depar tment • • • "
He r e p l i.ed , chc s aid , that while he d idn ' t b e l ie ve the
d e f ic iency was h i s fau l t , the gover nor could have his r e s ignat i on a t any t ime
Ear l ier
i f tha t was n e ce s s ary to g � t the legi.s latur e t o pa s s the appropr i�tion .
thi s month , he s aid , he was a s ked to pu t th i s s t a teme nt ' in wr it ing and d id so .
Cur t i s t o ld h i s news o f e r en c e tha t " 'l'lie money tha t ' s ava i l ah l e in the
Ind i an Af f a i "C c P�p�1 t.� n t', i. s s o sma l l tha t if y o t 1 m i � ei: P S t :i rua t e the we l fare
·
h
n
...
( C.on t j t1
1e<l 011 Puge
20)
�( 20 )
(Con t inued from Page 1 9 )
co s t s i t t s impo s s ib le t o f ind the fund s t o make u p for i t . "
He s a id the
ac coun ting s y s tem has been • :very poor " but added : " I don 1 t think there 1 s any
que s t ion of the fac t thi s money wa s needed .
I d on ' t think there ' s any mi s
11
hand l ing o f fund s
An ar t i c le in the January 24 th Kennebec Journal , by S tan Eame s , quo ted
Hin ckley a s s ay ing he wou ld have about $ 10 , 000 left when the f inal quar ter
ro l l s around .
"If we don ' t ge t the money , then I can s e e only one real i s t ic
a l t erna t ive - c lo s e shop un t i l the new f i s ca l year come s . "
Hinck l ey suppo sed
that "I wou ld have t o take a l e ave o f ab sence and d o some thing .
I don ' t
know what , but I �·m no t and I haven ' t been looking for ano ther j ob . "
The s tory a l s o re por t ed tha t Hinckley b e l ieve s tha t hou s ing and s an i t a tion
are two area s in wh i ch his departme n t has he lped Maine ' s Ind ian s , who , he said ,
' 1 have ac comodated the whi t e s wi thout ge t ting any accoIIDDo dat ion in r e turn .
Tha t ' s t he only reason t hey ' re al ive today . "
He commen ted tha t the American
Fr iends Serv i ce Commi t te e bankro l l ed a hous ing off icer for 18 months for h i s
de par tme n t b e fore the s ta t e b e came invo lved .
1 1 If i t hadn ' t b e e n f o r the
Amer i can Friends S ervice Commi t tee , " the commi s s ioner s ad , " There wou ldn ' t be
any hous ing or s an i t a t ion pro j e c t s we cou ld po int to . ' ' )
•
•
•
NAME S I N THE NEHS
At a D e c ember mee t ing of the Pleasant Point Hou s ing Au tho r i ty , the- fo l low
ing o f f icers were e le c ted : Eugene Franc i s , Cha irman (re -e le c ted ) ; David Franci s ;
V i c e Chairman ; Fred Franc i s , Secre t ary ( r e - e l e c t ed ) ; and F a ther Bernard li cknair ,
Treasurer (r e - e le c ted Y :
Andrew Dana i s the 5 th member of ' t he Au thor i ty .
At a January mee t ing of the Ind ian Town ship Hous ing Au thor i ty , the fo l low
ing o f fi c e r s were e le c t e d : George S teven s , Jr . , Cha irman (re -e le c t ed ) ; Al len
S ockab as in , Vice Chairman ; Phi lomene Dana , S ecre t ary ; Fa ther Co l eman O ' To o l e ,
Tre asurer .
The 5 th member o f the Au thor i t y i s Albert Dana .
Las t Augu s t , t he Penob s co t Hou s ing Author i ty e le c ted i t s o f f i cer s , a s
fo l l ow s : Ma t thew Mi t che l l , Sr . , Chairman ; Ma t thew S app ier , Vice Chairman ;
F a ther Romeo S t . Pierre , S e cre tary (e lec ted in January , replacing E l i zab e t h
Gou l d , who r e s igned ) ; Irving Ranco , Treasur er (re-e l e c t ed ) .
Th e new member
of t he Au tho r i t y i s Ni ck Sapie l
At Indian Town s hip , Ar chie LaCo o t e wa s r e cent ly named to rep lace B a s i l
LaCoote (who r e s igned) as Tr ibal Counc i lmember . Pa t r i c i a Ni cho l a s is the
Town ship ' s Tr ib a l Clerk ; John Nicho l a s i s t h e Tr ib a l Clerk at Pleasant Po in t ;
He l en Go s l in i s the Penob s co t Tr i b a l Cl erk .
The Pas samaquoddy Commun i ty A c t ion Program b o ard of d irectors re cen t ly
hire d or _rehired t he f o l lowing s ta f f members for t he 1 9 6 9 CAP program : Ar chie
LaCoo te , D ir e c tor ; Danie l Franc i s , Depu ty D ir e c tor ; Danie l Ba s se t t , Communi ty
D eve l opmen t Superv i sor ; E lmer Lank , Vo lun teer F ire De par tme n t Organizer .
Commun i ty D eve l opmen t Aides at Pleasant Po in t are John Nicho l a s , Be s s ie S tan ley
and Linwood Sapie l .
CD Aide s at Ind ian Township are Morris Brooks , E leanor
Mi t che l l and M�ry E . Socoba s in .
S e cre tary-Bookke eper is Margare t Bai l ey ;
;· Recept ion i s t - Typi s t i s Robe r t a Ri chard s .
The r e spon s ib i l i t ie s formerly he ld
b y the CAP Hous ing Coord ina tor have been as s igned to the D ir e ct or .
At Pleasan t Po int , due to the r e s ignat ion of Frederick Moor e , Robe r t
Newe l l wa s appo in te d t o t he Tr iba l Coun ci l .
O ther name s in the Ind i an Township Women ' s Club ( se e Page 1 3 ) are �
So ckab a s in , Member s hip cha irman ; Phyl l i s Lank_, Ho s p i tal i t y chairman ; and char
t e r memb e r s Alice Dan a , D i a.n.a Leve sgue , E laine Lo l a , Luc i l le Lo la , Dorothy
Moor e , Eunice Sockab a s in , Li l l ian S t eve n s , Maxine Tomah , Alyne Ward , Sara
Mrs . Moore i s
�n , S i s te r Co leman , S i s ter �ugenio and S i s ter Madonna .
t he Pub l ic He a l th Nur s e f o r the Town s hip ; Mr s . Wi l s on i s t h e Coun ty Ext en s ion
Agen t .
�I
UAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
4 2 LIBER1Y S TREET
GARD INER , MAINE
04345
DON ' T DELAY !
f\' fi
(•:;::
':�j
·jfu
i
l
.
.J
jitrj #
:I
�
TO GE T LOCAL AND LONG D I S TANCE IND IAN
I '
l
I
NEW S , DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR EACH MONTH!
e fo l lowing sub s cr i p t ion r a t e s are
charged for a 1 2 -mon t h sub s cr ip t ion to
THE MAINE INDIAN NEW SLETTER
Indian
Non - Ind ian
"
"
''
(Regular )
( Con tr ibu ting )
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/ year
'
If you ar e an INDIAN , wherever you 1 1
f i l l o u t and s end i n the sub s cr ip t ion
s l ip (b e l'ow) , ident i fy ing your Tribe
( L i fe t ime )
- $ 5 . 00/year
and enc l o s ing NO money .
-$ 50 . 00/year
( Suppor t ing)
The addre s s l ab e l s ind i cate the s t atus
" F · I " me a n s
of your sub s cr ip t ion . -
- $ 10 . 00 / ye ar
The abbreviat ion o f
"
mon t h ( JAN) i s the time - next y ear
your sub s cr i p t ion fee wi l l again
If you are a NON - INDIAN , wherever you
live , f i l l out and s end in the sub
sci- i p t ion s l ip (be l ow ) WITH the appr o
pria te amoun t .
Your sub s cr i p t ion
due .
is received .
do not re quir e renewal . )
will b e g in with the next ava i lab le
i s sue a f t e r your sub scr ip t ion s l ip
" Free - J:nd ian .
a
be
-
� !!.!!. � ge t !!!. ind ividua l
!?!, �!
(Com
expir at ion no t i ce , �
pl imentary and Ex�hange sub s cr i p t ions
-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - � - - - - - - - -
I wou ld like t o receive
ADDRESS
mon t h l y
regu l ar i s sues o f the Maine Indian News let ter :
DATE--------�
IND IAN
NON - IND IAN
�
�
�
---�
--:
-.:---�
�
( S tree t or P . O . Box)
( C i ty
State
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Code )
I nd i an -0- ;
Send t h i s s l ip , w i t h your
Non - Ind i an
$ 10
TRIBE__ __ __ �
__
__
__
-
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_
_
_
- $2
(Re gular ) ; $ 5
( Supporting ) ;
sub s cr ipt ion charge ,
$ 50
if app l i c ab le ,
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Lib er ty S tre e t , Gard iner , Maine
Don ' t forge t your ZIP Code !
(Con tr ibu ting ) ;
( Li fe t ime )
04345
to :
�BULK RA TE
MAINE IND IAN NEW SLE TTER
42
U.S.
POS TAGE
3 . 6 ¢ PAID
Liber t y S tr e e t
Freepor t , Ma ine
Gard iner , Ma i n e
Permi t No .
04345
ADDR E S S CORRECTION
REQUE S TE D
C o lb y C o l l g e L ibrary
C o lby Col l ege
Waterv i l l e ,
ine 04 90 1
J
33
��NE IND IAN NEWSLETTER
4 2 LIBER TY S TREET
GARDINER , MAINE
0434.5
DON ' T DELAY !
!'
-
�!
·.
GET LOCAL AND
T
e
LONG
I
I
I
-+- 1
s -�... I
..
f
.
D I S TANCE INDIAN NEW S , DELIVERED
TO YOUR DOOR
EACH MONTH !
fo l lowing s ub s cr iption r a t e s ar e
charged for a 1 2 -month subs cr ipt ion to
THE MAINE IND IAN NEW SLETTER
Indian
Non - Ind i an
"
"
(Regul ar )
(Contr ibu t ing )
( S uppo r t i ng )
"
( L i f e t ime )
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/ year
•
If you ar e an IND IAN , wherever you liv
f i l l out and s end in the sub s cr i p t ion
s l ip (be low ) , iden t i fy ing your Tr ib e
- $ 5 . 00/ year
and enc l o s ing N O money .
- $ 50 . 00/ y e ar
1h!;,
-$ 1 0 . 00 / ye ar
addr e s s l abe l s ind i ca t e the s t a tu
e ans
�'F -1
of your sub s cr ipt ion .
The abbreviat ion o f
"Free - Indian . "
a mon th ( JAN) i s the t ime - next year
....-;
If you are a NON - I ND IAN , wher ever you
live , f i l l out and send in the sub
scr ip t ion s l ip (be l ow ) W I TH the appro
pri a t e amoun t .
Your sub s cript ion
your sub s cr ipt ion fee wiJ l again be
� ind iyid
due .
ls received .
do n o t re quire renewal . )
will begin with the nex t ava i lab le
is s ue after your sub s cr ip tion s l ip
� !!:!.!. .filU �
� �!
•
ill
(Com•
expir at ion not ice , �
p l imentary and Exchange sub s cr i p t io n s
-� �- -- - - � - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - -� - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - · � - - - - - � -
I wou ld l ike to re ce ive mon th ly regu lar i s sue s of the Maine Indian News l e t t er :
DATE
�
---�
-__
ADDRESS
I ND IAN
NON- U IAN
m
�
�
�
�
-�
--;-=-�
�
�
-�
�
( S tree t or P . O . B ox )
(C i ty
S tate
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Code )
Ind ian -0- ;
on- Ind ian - $ 2
$ 10
Seud
t hi s
s l ip , with your
TRIBE�--��----�_
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_ _
(Regu l ar ) ;
( Suppor t ing ) ;
sub s cr ipt i on charge ,
$ 50
$ 5 (Con tr ibu ting ) ;
(Life t ime )
if ap p l i cab le ,
MAINE INDIAN NEW SLETTER
42 Lib e r t y S tree t , Gard iner , Ma�ne
D on ' t forge t your Z I P Code !
0434 5
to :
.
�BULK RA TE
MAINE IND IAN NEW SLE TTER
42
U. S.
3 . 6¢
Liber t y S t re e t
POS TAGE
PAID
Freepor t , Ma ine
Gard iner ,
Maine
04 �45
Perm.it No .
33
ADDR E S S CORRECTION
REQU E S TED
C o l b y C o l l e g e L ib r ar y
Colby Col lege
W a t erv i l l e ,
JAN
Mai ne
0 4 90 1
�
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter </em>(Jan. 1969)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1969-01
Contributor
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-456
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https://dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/88b1ce575c1076c8a4ab1b15b02f3da1.pdf
5a465b160871494ed8e181c492eea1de
PDF Text
Text
IAN
MAINE�IN
N
OLUME
E �
3, NUhBER
S 14 E T T E R
FEBRUARY
,
1969
INDIAN EDUCHTION TAKES BACK SE.;.T
The Advisory Board of the Division
r,f Par ,J
bacred
nd,
consisting
�f
of triba l members,
In d i�n
Services of
parish i.riests,
this statement at their meeting ef February 24 at
Penobscot Reservation.
the Diocese
unanimous.J.y
Indian
Island,
resent:
Those
Beatrice Phillips, Bunny Raner, Sam Sapiel, John Nelson as
PenobsGot:
member s; .1.lick Sapeil, Donald Da i gle, f;ugenia Tho1,1·�son as guests•
Joe
icholas, Francis Sapeil,Al�ert Dana, John Stevens,
Passamaquoddy:
Wayne Newell,
OtL�"Y' memb ers :
Cobb of
Rev.
St.
C
Br·h�vick,
Pierre.
mmi l".Ri 011er
Erl.ward H in c kl ey ,
Univ .-Uni\•.
Church, Rev.
Other gae sts:
Greg Buesing and Bruce
o f �du�a�ioL.
Dept.
Louis
Doyle;
O'Toole,
Iceberg,
Re\•.
and
VI,TAs,
Rev iV1aurice
Nicknair,
and
James Brown,
STATEMENT TO INDIAN EDUCATION COM1 .ITTJ.::E
MEETING AT C
LAIS, 1"1AINE,
FEBRlL-u<Y 26,
1969
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I regret that ot he r , 1 rig-standing cemmittments pr e v en t ray
a ppear i n g before you in person this evening.
In spite of my abseuce,
1l1·w�ver, I wish
your attenti n a series of events which,
to call t
J L nlie v
e , censtjt11tes a serious threat to ')Ur cemnon objectives of
im1a·..,v�·l
f'lri11�at.ion
Sub s e que nt t.
re.ferend
for Pflf;,samaquoddy Indian children.
the passage of a bond issue by state-wide
the D e partment 1f Educ ation publicly promised to
construct on each PaAsamaquoddy Reservation a new school building
ce rrn j st.j rJ g of two clast=:r o
The department
e ms and a n a11 - p111·pose room.
has now i�formed
interested p a rties that only one classroo J and an
a]J -p r 1,03� :r:c-,'Jnl wJ 11 be Cl)]is 1-r ic ted on each Rese1·va tion at this time.
The raaoou s t a t ed for this alteration in plans is a rise in constructien
cests
.un
Ja:; t;
Jirne,
from
�15
per s<111Rre
avaiJ�able f•u.1.tis
f o.Jt
to
$22
d 1.1 b11y less scheol.
per square feot;
thus the
Wlen I was inf ormed of this situation approxi��tely two weeks ago
by an cffjn1a1 of the Department of Education, I was simultaneously
assured that �}1� De��rt-ment had rAques ted funds for additional class
reoms
frcm the
.Jnl��.h I.erJslat,11re,
that such funds were virtually
and that such funds would be immediAtely avajlahle
so that the addit.:i.01i;3.J �1 non •• , ms could be promptly added to the basic·
b u ild ing s .
S11bseque111-,1y, I djn.-\'•"''"'1:nd tlat this st-.o.h:•.nent WCJR toh:illy
certain
false.
to
be granted,
r �.r.t:i_l•'l
,1
, .n
pnge
2)
�- 2 -
U�IH�.N
EDUC
� T.:1. �
T JIBS BACK SEAT, Continued f�om page 1
The request to �ne Legis�ature is for a bond issue, which
be subject to appr0val by a referendum no sooner than October,
Further,�ore, this issue w uld lump school facilities with such
as recreational facilities, office buildings, and sewerage and
fa cilities, f r a total of $665,0 C.
would
1969.
items
water
It takes little political insight to re lize that the voters of
MaiLe are unlikely te apJrove a bond issue fer recreation and office
space within a few months
f the adjournment of the costliest Legis
lative session in the State's hist0ry.
The c]Asntoems will share the fate of their bond-mates; the
ddldren of the P.3FiRe1marp10ddy Tribe i'ill crrntinue - for additional years t
endure over-crowded,
ns ui tary, and educa tionall. nef Pc ti np; school
b iiJ dj rigs
•
It is, I feel, worth n ting that Indian children uill be the only
losers.
The white architects will not suffer a lower c ra.mission for
the sm::iller buiJc1iHgs; the white c ntractors will not receive lower
profJ+R; the white D e partment cfficials will not receive lewer salaries.
Only the iu h=:.1·ests of Indians seem te be expendable.
·
I w o u ld p se a question t
you.
Why d es the Department of
Education - which can fight for higher per pupil subsidies for other
schcols, which can buile fine schools for white children in the
urrc rga1d 7.ed territories - not exhibit siuri lar vigor in fig� ting for
adequate sch ols for Indians N01i, not at some ne ul0us future time?
Again, it see�s, Indians must reside at the bottom of the white
burP-acracy' s totem p0le pf/ priorities.
I res1Jectfully request that you, �s a com .ittee, 1ublicly urge
the Department of ''duc.:..!.tion to sponsor an ammend ent t0 its general
fund appropriations bill, said au.mendment to provide funds for the ...:..
j mmediate c01Js+ r11 t:ion C'f adequate school facilities on the Passamaquoddy
Hc:=H"1·vciti0 F>.
s11ho1·djnate the needs of
ToJPration of efforts to
IrJdi AUS to those on 11r1lL- Tllfli ::i.ns has too long been the response of toe
many peoplP- in Mr.iiu.e.
Ple::ise -- r.h;-ingP. t-his pattern - act - NOi/I.
-Louis Doyle, C�ordinator,
Division of Indian Services
Portland Diocese
x x x
PL '.J.r'..SANT PyffT TEEN
PLi\.Y HOST 1ro STUDENTS
NOR'i1h
YARi•10UTR
C LUB
FROM
AC ADA1'1Y
by Wayne A.
Newell
This past weekend, Feb r uary 8-9, the teens from Zibyig played
Host to a group of Seniors from tforth Yarmouth Acade.my.
On Saturday
a group of tee1... s f.1e.r-formed some of the tribes Ind i-3n dances.
Among
the d a n c e rs were Stephen Nictolas, Leon S0nk�hanin, Grace Dana, Angie
Sockabasln, Linda Frar�:is, Tieuorah Francis, and Betty Fr a 1Jcis .
At 8:08
P.M. en Saturday night the whoJ� p:l.'l')'lP got together for a dance until
(Continued on page 10)
twelve midnight.
�- 3 E
TRE NAINE
EDITOR:
D
I
T.
R
0
A
I
L
S
IND IAN NE�/SLETTER
(Mrs.)
Eugenia T.
Thompson
(Penobscet)
News and stories may be subfuitted t
the Newsletter for
at the following address;
Maine
42
�ublication
Indian Newsletter
Liberty Street
Gar ainer , Maine
COivii'tENTS hl; D
04345
Tel.
582-5435
OBS ERV T I ON S
by the Editor
Recently a Legislative hearing was held at which Coi.i1u1issioner
H inckley was questioned r e gar di ng a deg ordinance which the Passa
maqueddy want put into law.
(This law is similar to the ?ne the
Penobacot's already have.)
The hearing was long fo r something so
simple, Overheard was a reporter's c tt mtJ.ent, 11If it takes them this
long to discuss a deg or d ina n � e , what d0 t he y do when they have
sorae
thi.ue;
11.y imper ant ?11
r8
cruel to shoot a dog which was
t hat the dogs
Hinckley was asked if it wasn't too
not properly licensed; it was suggested
might be taken t:)
a
dog p und.
'llo . . t)lis Hinckley replied
.ms over 100
that Elsworth was the near�st place to take them and it
mi les away from
c: the reservations.
•
mean you don't have any
means to
Hinckley was then asked,
you
care for these dogs on the reserv�tion?
Tiin�kley e xplai ned then that we don't even have the means to t&ke care
of people on the reservations, let alone dogs.
T ere is·.ne' human so luti on to this d "Jg problem.
S h oo t ing a child's
unlicensed dog seens cruel and it would seem p roper that at least one
warning be giien the owner and a reasonable ti�e to have the
licensed
before carrying out this maxiwum p en a l t y .
It must be remembered that enly the people living
dog
on the re se rvations
know if the number of d gs running around is sufficient to constitute
a general nu i sance ,
and their wishes on this ruatter should be respected.
Befere this bill was submitted to the legislature,
the ether Indian b i lls
subwitted to tLe
just like all of
1egislature,
it was discussed
by the tribal Governors and Councils &nd agreed upon.
These Go vernors
and council members are elected
fficials of their r espec t ive tribal
reservations.
Co11ucil meetings are usually open me � tings and any member
�f the tribe who Nishes may come and ask questions and make statementa,
sc when alJ �s said and dene, it is thn India n people themselves wh
tahu.
know that a problem exists and know how best to de�l with it.
nee d ed by the D
One i:llore word about the $50,00�
lnni8n Affairs:
Il�lp!
A commjttee
of j1�1uiry was set up by the legislature to
the p r o b leas of the young department,
�hich to do the
this kind,
but
death as it is.
in Augusta.
partment of
$200
job.
thP-n th e
and was ap1)r :i;ric:.ted
is not much money to de a thordugh
Nhen they get
ue done
tirg enough money t
job
a
2)
job
0f
but that in the end the legislature
just twQ cb�ises facing them:
e l s e,
n with
through I expect they wil l find that so&e
en welfare
w ill realize that they have
er
iook into
J11ni AlJS have been studied and committeed t
Moat .tf t.t: e j t r11j r jug seems to be tc:king place right
tighten in g up can
mum
$2
do
the
make it clear that . the y do
job and· then tell the de p:::irr.m ent t
fifty dallar bill
,
1) Ap pr � pria
they have charged the depa r tmen t with,
then sit ba�k
ann
not want or intend t0 do a mini
do a one hundt·ed doJ J.c:tr job
h::ive Anot-her requ est next
with
�-4Penobscot H using Authority Notes
On Monday February 17, 1969 The Penobscot Housi�g Authority held a special
meeting
with Gnv. John Mitchell, the Penobscot governor, and the Lt. Governot,
Donald Daigle, and several other members of the tribe in ortier to hear la.rry Loug,
from Soil Conservation Service tell abouta visit he made to an authenUc ancient
Cherokee Indian village in Oklahoma.
1'1r. Long, introduced by Sherman Hasbrouk, of the University of Maine
Ext � nti o n Service.
Long described the projec+., showed slides of the villagP.
and explai ed how the Cherokees built and paid for the village.
The idea
sounds feasible
enough for the Penobscot tribe to look into it.
The OY.lahoma Che rokee s created a non-profit corp ration and received
of about
from E.D.A. (Econ mic Development Admi..�i_qtrati.on)
to go alo1g with the $20,000 put up by the tribe and the �20,0 0 pµt up by
t, e state of OY.1 A.homa.
Many jobs
have been prnvid d to tribal members·
Of course, they have on advantage over us and that is -q longer bu.ldjng
seasor. in which to work.
But, this alone should be no deterrent ·
Eefvre a projP.ct of this nature is undertaken a 1 t
f grom1dwork must
be laid.
fl.P.search must e done, and a feasibility study must be made just as
it was in Ok1aliorna bef re the prc.ject was undertaken.
The later is a
a
$600.000
grant
rer111i rPment o f EDA befo re they make a grant of this size for such a project·
FoJ l ()�1� g t is
alk and discussion
the Co-o p erative Agreement was signed
give n to S 'IfmO !'rn j oner HincY-.ley to take
o Augusta to continue working on it·
The SecretaT.-J w.::1s not present and it wasn t until the following Monday that
t
arn·
he was able to f:LnaJ1y sign the accompanying papers required by HUD.
In Augusta all that is required before the papers are r turned to HUD, is fo r
t e Attorr.ey General Department to agree that the Governor is the proper person tc
sign the Ag1·fieIU.ent, and then
·
.. :,
011tce the Governor has signed it it will be
sent to HUD.
Upon receipt of this document HUD will send the H using Authority
the moneur to begj n our survey and plan ing of the new homes.
Reports on the l'e11 hsr. t Ho isj ng Authority meetings will
e included in
�
t.he ..
J\Jewsletter
·Material submitted by Matthew Mitchell,
t H u:=dng .'1t<t.hority
Cbairman, I'enoJ:-.s
x
x
x
TO GRADUATE
MARY ALBERTA NICHOLAS, daughter of .Toe Nicholas, Pleasant Point, w�ll
graduate on February 28 from the Nor the r n Mai ue \Tccat.ional Tn8titute and
Gould Mf1mod al Hos}Jj t.al as a Practical Nurse.
x
x
x
$50,000 RE�UESTED
At a hP.aring held on Tue sd ay Feb. 11, 1969, before the Appropriations
Gornroittee
r,omrnissioner F.ciward C. Hinckley
of the Department of Indian
Affairs requested. $50 000 to r. Ht-.i 11 ing runui.ng the Department during the
,
final quarter of Flsr.al 1970.
The rer111�st was for Eme1 gency funds , not
requiring th e delay following reg11lar legislative adjournment, as would be
rP.quired otherwise.
Hin r.Y.ley told the Cormnittee:
''Believe me, gentlemen,
the services we provide, exp ensiv e as they • • • a re, are far less than the
services we should be providing • • • jist from the standpoint of helping
these people stay alive until through the pro0ess of education, economic
devE'!J. pment and • . .lAarle:rsrrip dev�J oprnent their total situation can be improved.
One Indian spoY.esman, Mrs. Helen Goslin, a Penobscot I ndian from the 'reserva
tion in OJd�own pointed out: 11From here to Augnsl-..'\ +Ji.ere are alot of long
pockets.
It's up to you,"sl1e tolrj ·�.be r·<,mrnit.t.ee,, "to fjn<i_ t.hose long pockets
and tighte n
u
a bit.11
�LETrERS TO THE EDITOR
(Editor's note:
the following letter
was sent to the Governor of the State
of Maire by the editor, the Governor's
reply follows.)
(5)
three hundred years in regards to the
Penobscots and Passa(,aquoddys.
I woved from the Reservation about four
teen years ago, but I am no lass a Pen
Governor kenneth V. Cu rti s
obscot, and I want to see.the interest
Executive Department
continue for my hrothefs the Penobscots
I feel that this
State house,
and PassaBaquoddys.
Augusta, Maine 04330
interest has been generated since the
Department of Indian Affairs was forJed
Re:
Commissioner Edward C. Hinckley,
and Commissioner hinc'.·,_ley was hired.
Department of Indian Affairs
Back in November, 1966 the I111aine Indian
Newsletter felt that you showed an aware
Dear Governor Curtis,
ness of our people and their needs,
when you called for 11i;nproved education,
At a recent news conference you were
housing,and econo1,1ic conditions for t'he
We feel that we are
asked about a petition that was signed Maine Indians."
by about 100 Indians in support of
beginning to hope that these conditions
Commissioner Rinckley and their pro
are starting to� i�proved, and we hope
grarus.
that politics will not interfere with
You explained that about 100
Indians out of 1200 population had
these needs.
Very truly yours
signed the petition. Your expltnation
is false because nearly every adult
"Bugenia T. Thodpson, Editr
Penobscot Indian living on the Old
�aine Indian Newsletter
To n, Indian Island Reservation_1 sig ned
the petition. Nearly every adult Pen Dear Mrs. Thompson:
obscot?
Nearly the whole tribe!
Thank you for a chance to ex�ress my
views in tha �aine Indian Newsletter.
The Penobscots are very proud to be
Penobscot Indians. Like-wise the Pass- I think it is unfortunate th�t the cur
AmRquoddys are very proud to be Passrent controversy over financial details
ama'}noddy Indians.
It was the Penob- has obscured the very real good that
has been done by the Departfilent of Indi a 1
scot Indjans who drew up the petition
Affairs, other State agencies and the
and signed it to show you that we a p proved of Commissioner Hinckley. The
Legislature in atte• 1pting to aL1eliorate
total number of Indians, men, 10men
a situatibn that has be n neglect d for
and children living on the three Reye�rs.
serva ions in Maine is 1,200. Children do not usually sign such petitions.I think it is clGar that the State is
Ob•.rio·.16ly, your motive in belittling
now sincerely dedicated to he iL1prove
the si e;rd ficance of our petition is
ment of conditions for our Indian pop
At least, this is the inulations.
Howopen to rp1estion and criticism.
ever, we will forgive you. Ne want
tention of Qy administration and always
to thank yoµ for stanning behind the
will continue to be, as long as I am
pr o g rams ano llOnclcrl r.>' l"I j C<"'A n�n<l.e re d
in office•
to us.
An investigation of my proposed budget
I am one more Penobscot Indian in fn1 l for the next two ye2rs will show that
support of Commissioner hinckley.
I have proposed an increase of approx
You surely could not find any other
imately $165,000 for Indian Affairs,
man as d:-,dicated, as enP-re;etic, as
inc l uding funds for the establishwent
impatient �Ii C5>0r..issioner .fljnr:l-:ley.
of tribal housing authorities on the
Yes, impatient
three reservations. Total funding for
impatient with peo
ple who are willing to let thi n gs �nn the Departwent of Indian Affairs is
In additiol'l),
721,618 for the bienni um.
tinue to ride as they had for over
(Continned on page 6, colW11n 1)
(Continued in column 2)
•
•
•
�( 6)
(Letters
continued from page 5)
Dear Mrs. Thompson,
in th DepartiJent of Education budget
for school�ng for Indian children, I
I receive my copy of the Maine Indian
have as�ed for an incr ase of $255,850,Newsletter each montli and spend the
raising the total appropriation to
evening reading it.
$566,344.
.
•
•
The increases I have asked for to�al
approxi�ately 1420,850, out of about
1.2 million, more that a 33% gain
over the past two years.
If more mon
ey can be justified in public hearings
and the Legislature is willing to ap
propriate mor�, I would, of course,
be happy to go along with their recom'
mendations.
I r ceived the Jan. issue today and
on the first page you said you would
like to hear from some of us.
. '/e live on a fartu in danchester
(Iiaine)
which we bought last spring.
Je have
four children, three of them are in
I work as
school, one is at hou;_e.
a nursing assistant at the Tagus Vet
erans Hospital.
I spent five years
in the Navy (Seabees).
I would also wention 'the bond issue of
$655,000 that I recomtlended for im
We enjoy your pa er very much.
proveme nts on the reservations.
James Neptune (I'enobscot)
Last
year, as you know, for the first time
R#l Collings Rd.
Halloi ell, taine
in the histor y of the State, a bond
issue was passed providing facilities
++
for the Indian reservations.
Dear Editc.r,
Finally, as a measure that relates to
Indian affairs, I have asked for some
This is j ust a short letter to inform
$60,000 to create a Human Rights Com
uch 1 have enjoyed re�ding
you how
mission with investigatory powers to
your Maine I ndia. Newsletter since
attack any and all probJews of dis
I have been stationed here in Viet Nam.
crlminn�j on jn the State.
Although I do not subscribe to/it I
have had the op.i.ortunity to read it
I hope that the Legislature can be
&ince the regular subscriber �M2 C.D.
There aren't
persuaded to pAsR my program and I
Gibson is not longer h re.
will need all of your help in convinc too many of us frol.! tlaine over here
ing them.
but the two boys that I do know from
Maine hav� also read your paper after
At the same time, I am well aware that
money, alone, c·nnot solve all pro
l lAms of djfH�rjrnination, neglect and
:
injustice. An attitude must be pre
sent on the part of �tate officials,
as well as all Maine people, for us
to deal fairly with each other, to
understand each other, and to help
each other.
I cornpleted it.
My rotation date is in two we ks so
I would 5uess that I have read your
But L did
paper for the last tiLle.
want to pass on to yo·u that l .M2 Gibson
is no longer here and that you could
discontinue his subsc�iption-to the
base if you so disired.
..
Just a side note.
I� grandparents
I pledge my efforts in my cRpacity
as Governor to do the best th:::i.t i · 1,ns- live in Bath and have a c .-p along
the coast by Freeport so I know .Jour
sibly can to achieve a better life
I live in Hampden
for our Jn<liRn citjzens.
area quit� well.
,Sjn(';c:-t·oJy you.rs,
Iiighlands whi.ch is next door to Bangor.
Kenneth M. r;11rtil'3
Governor
May 1 wish you continued success wit h
y1m1· Nr--.;u�lntt-er in the futuiee.
February· 6, 1969
. .
**
Sinc<n·ely
Brian Higgins •HM3
MA6-12 hed.
1111
�(Letters
continued from page 6)
Dear Editor,
•
•
(7)
•
We are certainly willing to make our
rather limited resources availab�e to
any interested persons; and it is our
I would like to add another person to
ho�e that as ti1e goes on these resourc r
your list of Indians who get the News will be iiliproved and will be used by
I enjoy receiving it.
There an increasing nuJber of people who wish
letter.
ate many int�rasting articles in it.
to learn about the history and culture
In your Dec. issue, my familys nawe
of haine Indians.
was in, as visiting Indian Island.
·1e do not live in Sonersville, N.J. �e We have recently initiated a project
live in Sofilers ¥oint, which is a reto locate and catalog Maine Indian
sort town, in South Jersey.
And has
artifacts held in museums and in priquite a historic background.
vate collections throughout the United
States and Canada.
It is our hope that
The person I nould like to reccomed is: this survey will bring to light some
i11rs. Andrea Fulkerson
She is a Penob-articles that we may eventually be
able· to acquire for fhe State Musc11m.
scot Indian from Indian Island.
Thank you
�·{e also expect that the photogl'aphs
.
Mrs. Sandra (Mitchell)
of these artifo.cts, which we are now
Broschard
coiu.piling, will help us in designing
our new exhibits on 1'··-Iaine Indian his
tory and culture, and that they may
.Dear Friends:
provide a source af valuable informa
tion to pr�sent-day Indian craftsmen
As a regular reader of the Maine In
who might be iilterested in creating
dj an nensJe ter Counecticut residence
authentic reproductions. This �reject,
have been lookjng for a word about
which beg�n as an outgrowth of con
the: passing/ 8a r 11iedici'1.e Man (uf The
versations la�t SUiili·ler with Governor John
North Am ri�:"ln Tu<li:in C! l uh, Inc. ,
Stevens at Dana Point, Mr. r.•a.yne ITewr/-i 11; n..'l.ntic, Conn.).
ell at Pleasant Ioint, �nd C6Mciissioner
Hr. Joseph So
coby wro resided here in Conn. but
Edward Hinckley here in Augusta, has
was a �ember of the Ple�sant
already enabled us to compile a listPoint
Reserve at �erry, M a ine . Perhaps
ing of several hundred Maine Indian
this has been overlooked but several
the let h -:"nd 19th centuries.
artifacts o
Indians fro,1 ..aine knew of this and
1
his body Aa. Buried on t, e Reserv
'ld'
ation Our new State Museum bui ing, to be
in .. ajne.
Bucloi:ed is further de f·.'!:\i l r-, ,...,.., .. pl c t-erl i ll .1970, will co tain several
:
'!'rust tb is 1l] J '"' Jn t-J "' J.l<'� t- Ni..;wGmajor exhibits dealing with lfaine In
le tter.
dians from prehistoric ti.wes_to the pre
F S
111<=1 r y 1;--rmal
Daughter
sent day, as well as research collect
Tho9nl"."i ng you
ions of Maine Indian artifacts -- pro
Chief Strong Horse
vided, of course, that we can find such
Pueblo & NarRg;;lnsett T ribe
artifacts to collect and exhibit, and
Ch:i e-f of the North Aruer:L.can
provided that the Legislature will see
Ju•H an C l ub, I nc.
fit to finance our proposed exhibits
of Wi l l imantic, Co �n.
pro2,ram.
(E�itor's note:
1•1r. JosP.ph J. Socohy
died December 9, 1968 at thP nge nf
Of course, it can be (and it has been)
fifty-six.)
ar�ued that a State Museum is an ex
pensive luxury th&t the Stqte of Maine
and particularly the economically-de
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
prived people of Maine cannot afford.
Ne feel, however, that the people .
I was very ple8P.cn to note your rethemselves have decided, both through
fere nee, in the t.7am1a ry Newsletter,
the vote of their representatives in
to the Maine State 111irHrnm as a 00;\l ,..� the 102nd Legislat:nre and in the sub
of information and c �llections re
t1<..:'J11ent refPl.'Pnd11m hA 110t, that the
lating to the Indians of our state.
(Coll+il1ncil on Page 8)
•
•
•
·
.
.
�(Lctters
continued fron page 7)
expense involved is a worthwhile in
vestment to help insure the preser
vation of their heritage.
Our task
now is to fulfill the wishes of the
people and to transform a lifeless
mass of steel and concrete into a
vital institmtion that will proudly
reflect the cultural heritage of
every citizen and every community
of the state.
Sincerely,
Ronald J. Kley
Research Associate
Maine State Museum Commission
Augusta, Maine 04330
•
•
•
(8)
major in it for a degree.
But the Nortt
eastern Indians are only wentioned with
in anthropology courses on broad subjects
such as "The Culture of the I di _1 r'
the North,"then all the ewphasis is on
the tribes �.Jf the :vest.
Finally, the leading Amerind authority
at the �useum of Natural History in New
York wrote .ae that I would have to fer
ret out source material myself, in the
anthropology libraries, and supplement
source data with visits to the Museum
of }atur�l History and the Indian Mus
eum, both in New York, Peabody Museum
at Yale, and the 1Juseum at Andover, t1ass.
##
Now this, to me, is unbelievable. The
first Indians the white people met up
with, and who are interwoven in America's
colonial history, are buried in the reThrough the suggestion of Howard La
cords and histories of the New England
H rreau of Ft. Wayne, Indiana, I am
I wish I had discovered this
writing to you.
I am looking for In- towns.
great gap in our anthropological halls
dia pen pRls, or people interested
in JU<J; Aus. l�Jy main pur!Jose in doing when I was young enough to do something
�1,· 3 is to try to 1et more Indians
about it.
There is a Vast wealth of
material in our literature and records
wr1 iti� to each other, to bring us
cl01.: er � ''!!,""t.her, to gain knowled,ge
in the Northeast;
enough to develop
of other t:r:Jbes. So I am hoping you into a school of its own, much like has
wj 11 place ,l1i R i.n your newsletter.
happened in the Southwest.
'.rhank you,
It is true that ruuch of the modern an
Paul Gibson
thropological studies such as are being
f/)ft: Maute Rd.
done on the primitive tribes in South
GrasR T,Pi l..-�
Mj d1 j gan
492110
Aruerica,-the taking of blood tests, ruak
( Ol btwa Ir <ii ::1.
ing sound tapes of the living language,
t!8
recording of tribal memories, taking
measurements of the physical aspects of
r·ear E<li tor:
individuals, etc. cannot be done on the
vanished tribes of the Northeast.
But
A year ago now, in January and Feb.
1968, I se-.rched the whole United
there are still Indians enough left in
States (via :tv1ail) for a college
Maine, New Yor-'h State and Ccinada for
course on the Indians of the North
some of this work.
1 s a moun tAnd the
via
e 1 i erature
.
ea�t.
e cu ture
I'd already had some studies
ain of work to be done/ on
in South and Central American anthro of both the vanished and the liuing tribe�
pology, but I was most interested in Some tape recoLding and studies of In
m11 own Hew F.ngland area.
dian dances, etc. have already begun.
Dear Editor,
�
To my surprise ana dismay I found
that no courses on the InQians of
the Northwest are given anywhere.
Not even at the large anth:r:o ologic
al schools iri the con11try.
This in
cludes Yale, .Harva.r-d, the si3hools
of New York state, and those of the
Southwest.
I must have written f:i.f 1- J
letters trying to locate even one
course, let alone enough courses to
R
t
I would like to see a Penobscot or Pass
.amaquoddy Indian major in anth�opology
in college, then lead the way to devel
oping a strong university department sowe·
where in the anthropological science and
recorgs of the Wabanaki tribes, and those
just/ tR e west and north.
Just working
out co�rses for it would make a good
thesis pro.iect.
(Con+.in11ed on page 9)
�(Letters •
•
•
continued from page
(9)
8)
Greetings
Maybe you know of someone who is al
history of the American colonies of
to rec�ive
the
Indian;
with
•
•
from
She is
�wsletter.
tribe Nation.
©Q
besideR
=�t:ci. nating pre-historical infor
ma ion already being worked out on
the tribes of this area.
person or any
major in the
Dear Edi tor:
Any white
My friends Phyllis and Francis Nicola
who live in San Francisco sent �e a
copy of the Newsletter and I �as thrill
Indian who wants to
Indians
of the
North
east should be able to do so.
I'm
a�l for the Afro-American stuaies
be'ng introduced into soLJe
Mayt�
this is
1.,n.
t>l:lt'Ps
hy
Indians
0v. is ,ent in the
sout.ri .. f .MQ. ine
.
2.j uc,,.rely
Mary
Mrs.
Old
(E�jt.or's
note:
�
Town,
of our
We
I
just
left there 12
years ago.
seem remote
ew England
My mother's
I am half-Penobscot Indian.
My
name is Marjorie Bassett Hammond.
Ida Bassett Gould.
grand .. ther was
I am,
Thanking you
Mar jori e
rrs.
•
were
Island
Indian
little children when
Sherwood
•
Ludecke
(li.amil.lond)
Monrovia,
Iaine
H
California
Dear Editor:
would be inter
hAaring from you if you
l�rio·i of any pers
on who is rei=:A;n· r-hir1e: 1-h� r1,rl- l�"1f;�r.i.-r1 lr11li"nn.)
.
ested
The p eopl e of which they
ed with it.
speak about on
coJJ�ges, but the Indians have a leg
itimate priority in this
articular
matter.
a nd
assacheeta or· l"'JI' S.
6
e
Cc"'.1·ter
would like to put in na e of
Margaret �ilkens •
P.S.
the history of the
(Gray)
Elizabeth
ion.
But just a year ago I couldn't
find a trace of an y . such person.
The
this area is completely enmeshed
v{ha �Tua Ta.st'.i
Minnie Ha lia
ready leading a trend in this direct
eagerly read The Maine Indian News
letter each month and enclose my sub
I al
scription fee for another year.
I
??
in teresting things
ways find out many
ear Editor,
wise would
As my expiration on Ne.1sletter runs
o ut in July,
ould appreciate it con
gleaned
beforehand so I can continue to
re
ceiYe it.
i/ish you w o uld print the
foll ow ing too.
mis
I
Indians that
about the Maine
•
other
I have scrapbooks
the
ing
tinuin g right a]org, F.I. ( F �
e e In
dian)
Thought I 10uld let you know
dould
Indians
starting about
able resource .materials concerning
.Haine Indians and now that I am
no longer a reside11t of Maine, I am
rel ing on your publication to leep
meposted.
like
Later this tt10nth
ing
of t1ereafrer who was my grandfather.
His father's name was John Gray.
Be fought in Civll �ar for the North
but no record of his birth or any
thing is available in white mar F; f·i 1
a�d I unders��nd we Jn�ions kept no
re�ords.
M y grawl f a t l e r Gt·oy m ar
a Bickford.
Would also
J.ike
sisters in the
write
aine
1950 which I believe to be most valu
to hear from anyone hav
ing an lr..n0wl edge of Au,iounie Wa s
h
in�toL Gray b0in p0RR.bly around 1847
ried
froJ;t Maine newspape.I,'B concern
the
to them.
to hear from fellow
t-.rJl><" ril"1 l·1· ··m·in . 1-,,
a
I am going to be
se roin a r on our eastern
gi
r
Indians
begin iing wi t h the stone age,
relation
ships during the early discovery per
iod (discovery by Europeans) and fin
B
ally the present day problems of the
Tnnians.
I think that this is the
first
s ch program custon-made around con
cerni n g the
Indians
of New
points east and northeast.
received
York and
I have
many enthusiastic comments
abo�t the seminar already,
so am an-
ti ni pnti ng a great dea� n� �Rponse,
( (;nn t. i ttit , •l • •TL pr1 p;P 1 '
�· 10 )
( Le �. t e rs
c on t inue d f r ow }.lagt: •J )
T h e Wab an aki t rib e s w i ll re c e iv e re
c o gn i t i on f or b e in g a gre a t p ople
and cu l t ure .
I am le aning h e av i ly
on y o ur N e w s l e t t e r t o s h ow t h e pre
� e n t day p e ople a s r e al pe ople w h o
J.ive , t h ink , and h av e a l l the prob
le ms of o t h e r c on t e mp orary e v e ry day
pe 0ple .
H op e f u l l y w e c an b e gin t o
b r e ak d own s orae o f t h a t b ar rie r t hat
d e s igna t e s one gr oup of pe ople as
In�ian s andan o t h e r as n on indians .
'l' l1 e usual t e x tb o oks go int o gre a t
J. e n g t h ab o u t t he we s t e rn Indian c ul
t �r e s but mos t sum up t h e e as t :. r
Ind i an c u l t ur e s , o th e r t h an Iro
: � o is , in a t m o s t ab o u t 2 -3 page s .
S orue c ov e r t h e m in a half page .
My
s e mi na r w i l l b e c omp o s e d of 8 2 - hour
� e s n i on s ov e r a pe r i o d o f 8 we eks
' a t Je f f e rs on C ommuni t y C o ll e ge in
v a t e rt own , N . Y .
•
•
•
� i : h all b e s t w i s h e s f or t h e c on t in
u s d s u c c e s s o f T h e Maine I ndian News
] t t e r and f or much g o o d news t o
pr i n t ab o u t Maine ' s Ind ians .
S i n c e.r e ly y o urs ,
Nic h o las N . Smi th
Pla t t sb urgh , N . Y .
l !
D e ar E d i t or :
T h e B i ll ( s e e page 13 ; d i d n o t r e
c e iv e appr oval f r om � h e C omm i t t e e on
At the pub l i c
S t a t e Admin i s t r a t i o n .
h e � r i n g i t w a s s t r ongly supp or t Al
e d b y t he Mar ine C o r p Le ague .
t h o ugh no par t i c u lar oppo s i t ion was
e xpr e s se d , t h e House a c c e p t e d the
An o t h e r at t e mp t of
adv e rs e r e p or t .
t h i s t ype will p r o b ab ly b e made again
ne:.:::: t y e a r .
S i n c e r e ly ,
R e p . John F . D o lan
S e c on d E s s e x D i s t r i c t
I p s w i c h , Mas s a c h us e t t s
was
o
! 8 t c., b li h . r �.' '."! d s c.. t � ! z...
JI. c a de y 11 i t h t h e h o:·. 1t: : !1'" i: e11 n t .ia lly
RO e
of o ur b oys ,.:i.. .:_, h t o. t t -:! nd .
1m o ·i. h? r
pur r o s e �� s t o c h �nn e l l t h e e f f or t � o l
t h e qor t h Y�r m o u t h 8 t ud e u ts t o b e 1 � f i t
o u t t e e ns in wh� t e v e r w � y p oss i o le .
S o t' !e o f t n e t ldn gs
c c o l� lishe d this
v i s i t r n r e a n e x c h "' n ge o f i d e a s f r od
t h e t r n gr o u}_Js .
1 r i t ing e x c hange },•r o eram s o e v e r yone c �n h�v e i e n �a l s � �
t he s c h o o l .
Th e t, r o u
f r ow l·or tb
Ya rmou t h a gre v d t hat t he y .;.r o uld c h e c k
t n e p o s s i b i l i t y o f s e nd ing the ir R o e �
group t o p lay at t h e �� y 3a ll .
The
North Yarmo u t h s t ud e n t s were B ob R o s s \
D e an G o ods e l l , Bi l l lh o��s , J ohn C o lli�e
Bob Mcc lay dnd Ke v in C as e y .
T h e ir
fac ulty advis ors .1e re ui c ha e l and
S ue C o rb e t t .
In writ ing this > r t i c le I c ouldn '
finish oy n o t
e n t i oning h o ,1 proud I
aiil of t e way our young lll � n an d .Yowe n
c onduc t e d t h e ws e lv e s .
Th e Z i b yig T c , 5
are t r u ly a c r e d i t t o our r e s e rva t i on ,
..
c.
_
J
•.
x
x
x
ED ITOR ' S SPOUSE
ADJvi.ITT1i_;D TO ut il'i ·, B ,'..N
Kenne th C . Th or.1r.s on , D e pu t y C ommis s i on e r
o f Indian Af f 2 ir s
(ria.in e ) was
admi t t e d to �ruc t i c e b e f ore the
aine
B ar on Thurs day , Fe b ruary 13t h .
Th omps on , a Gardiner r e s ide n t , wa�
b orn in S aras o ta , Fla . an d gre w up in
Fr e e p or t , ba ine .
liis ·Jare n t s are i'·J.rs
Ad e laide , an d t he lci t e Ri c hatd H .
Th omps on , o f Fr e e p ort .
Th oups on is a gradu�t e of Fr e e p ort
H i gh S c h o o l , C o lb y C o ll e ge and the
Univ e rs i ty o f Ma ine S c h o o l of Law .
He
is mar r i e d to the f or file r Euge nia Th o . ,•as ,
a Pe n ob s c o t Ind i an �.nd Ed i t or of t he
T h e y have
Maine In dian � e ws le t t e r .
two c h ildre n , Kimb e r ly and �i lliam
�uin c y , and are e xpe c t in g a t h ird in
xx
,Apr i l .
JJh e n aske d
b ou t his fut ur e
Pleasant Point Te e n C lu b
plans , ·r h ow:i)s on s a id :
"Ny pre ..:.. e n t j o··.
C on t in u e d f r om p a g e 2 )
e ntails w otkin g , wi t h t h e t h r e e Ind ia�
(
H ousing A�t h o ri t i e s .
I e n j oy w orking
On S unday our gue s t s a t t e n d e d t he
w i t h them and it w ould be v e ry dif fi = � t
ere
In t h e a f t e rn o on t h
S unday Mas s .
t o leave .
H ow e v e r , I have r e c e iv e d �n
w a s a s e s s i on o f p ing-p ong a n d a
o f f e r wh i c h I aw c ons i d e r in g whi c h
b as ke t b all g _me at S puds yard in t he
w ou ld e nab le m e t o e n t e r pr ivate
Ev e ry one daid
mi d d le o f t he s t orm .
I ha v e n o t made any d e c is j �
pra c t i c e .
b o o d -b y e a t ab out f our on S u nday
ye t .
B u t in an:,- cc: se I .fOu ld n o t plt'
a f t e rn o o n .
t o leave f o r at l e c:. s t an o t he r year . "
h
T h e purp o s e f or t h i s ge t t o g e t e r
(Ed . n o t e :
C o ngrntula t i o n s , h on ! )
�(11)
HAr .� IND IANS HAlIED :_.y : A TE S PP..E S IDENT
At a January
Dr .
mi s s ion ,
2 2nd d inner me e t ing o f
H.
Thomas
P-eyno l d s ,
the Andro s cogg in Va l l ey heg ional Com
pre s id e n t of : at e s Co l l ege ,
remarks t h e fo l lowing connne n t s about Maine
Auburn Sun o f the
tnd ians ,
2 3rd :
1 1D igr e s s i ng for a momen t , Dr . Reyno lds
i an s ,
included in h i s
a s repor ted b y the Lewi s t on
an ex i s t ing cu l ture wi t h in
the
s pol�e of
the p l ight
of Haine ' s
Ind
I t wou l d n o t � e expen
sma l l numb e r o f Ind i an s t ha t wou ld
s t a t e ' s cul ture .
s ive for Maine
to provide a program for its
· :nour i sh a fore ign cul tu'i'."e wi thin
ur s t a t e . ;
There i s n ' t r e a l ly much tha t i s Ind i an in Maine ' s
for the I nd i an name s .
c an s mu s t l e arn to
this
sma l l al ien cu l ture ,
S.
he s a id ,
Dr . Reyno ld s
ex c e p t
and Amer i
l ive w i th o t her cu l ture s and no t j u s t d e s troy them .
Na ine canno t appropr i a t e a few thou s and do l l ar s
U.
cul tur e ,
Uie R e d Man i s a n exampl e o f ano ther cu l ture ,
If
to d o s ome thing drama t i c for
s a id he doe s no t then b e l ieve
that the
l e arn to get a l ong w i th o ther cul tur e s which have d i fferent va l ue s
can ever
Any p l ann ing mus t inc lud e cons i d e r a t ion o f d i f fPren t cu l t ure s ,
t han our o\vn .
he ad ded . 1 1
HICI{EL HAI·ID S PARTLY TIED
tla l t e r J .
Hi cke l ,
r e c e n t l y - conf irme d S e c r e t ary of
Int e r ior und er
the
Pre s ide n t Nixo n , n i l l oper a te the In ter ior l) e par tment with Congre s s looking
over his
shou l d e r ".
the kind of
it won ' t ex a c t ly be
Pre s id e n t Nixon has t e en t a lkin g ab ou t .
con f irma t ion , Hi c ' e l has commi t t e d hims e l f to che ck
The re l a t ionship w i l l b e c l o s e but
1 1 (-:>ge thern e s s · ;
In order to win h i s
every ma j or d e c i s ion in advance w i th the S en a t e In ter ior Commi t t ee .
he promi s ed
a l low the
to r e t a i
the ex i s t ing l and
9 l s t Congr e s s
t io n h e ar ing ,
many
fre e z e in A l a s ka for
to a d j ud i c a t e na t ive
l and c l a ims .
f e ar e d Hicke l wou ld wipe out
the order
b 1 t 5 on , which had b e e n ini t i a t e d b y h i s prede ce s s or ,
e ad er s o f � D r ew Pear s o n ' s D e cemb er
w i l l be
che e r e d to
i
2 7 th
two year s
B e fore h i s
In add i t ion ,
to
con f irma
free z ing land d i s tr i
S t ewar t Ud al l .
·Tash ing t on Merry-Go -Round 1 ;
c o l umn
l e arn that Hi cke l canno t a c t uni la t era l ly in thi s mat ter .
The c o lumn de.e cr ioed how Hi c!<.e l ,
as Governor
of A l a ska ,
a l l eg e d l y cracke d - d own
on an E skimo f i shing coopera t ive at Ku skokuin , ·where he u s e d s t a t e p o l ic e and
s ta t e o f f i c i a l s
free z er s h i p .
A c c or d ing
to p-reve n t
Pear son ,
to
had b een ne t ting around
a t ive w i th
the co-op
the he l p o f
$ 500
the
sa lmon c a t c h to a Japane s e
s tory be gan in 1 9 6 7 , when A l a skan E s k imo s , who
a year from the ir
s a l mon catch ,
Of f ic e of E conomic Oppor tun i ty ,
Commun i t y Ac tion Agency and
F ir s t
the
from s e l l ing i t s
the Ala ska Legal
organ i z e d a cooper
the A l a s ka S ta te
Servi ce s , whi ch works for OEO .
they bu i l t a smal l c o l d s t orage p l an t a t B e the l , whe re the ir f i s h
could b e
s to r e d to b e marke ted a t higher pr i ce s l a t e r in s t ead o f s e l l ing innne d i
a t e ly .
Th e co ld
So
s torage p l an t my s t e r iou s ly bu;:-ned down .
t h i s y e ar ,
the E skimo s s igne d a j o i n t con t r a c t with a Japane s e f irm
for pur cha s e o f t he e n t ir e c a t ch of t he ��u s ko'mim E skimo s at a p r i c e which was
doub l e tha t pr ev i.n s l y paid the E s kimo s b y S e a t t l e midd lemen .
nut when the Japa ne s e
H icl�e l r e a c ted a s
nor ing the f a c t
t
Toky o ,
sell
the
i f h e uere
sh i.p arr ived to p i c1• up the c a t c h ,
faced
1 i t h ano ther Pear l Harbor .
Pear s on s ay s
Comp l e t e l y ig
tha t h i s own Anchorage rJatural G a s Company s e l l s
he s e emed to think i t was again s t
f i s h to Japan .
l i quid gas
the l aw for E skimo fi shermen t o
�y a v ar i e ty o f mean s , n o n e o f them too c l ear , he b rough t
Japan e s e r e pr e s en t a t iv e s around
to h i s
informed t ha t no f i s h would b e �ough t .
1ay of
t hinking ,
and
the E skimo s were
As a f in a l irony , Pear son no t e s tha t Hi cke l wi l l be r e s pons ib le ( a s Secre
the In t e r ior ) f nr admin i s t er ing $ 1 , 700 , 000 vo t e d l a s t weel� by Congr e s s
t ary of
t o a id A l a skan n a t ive
f i s hermen ,
inc lud ing
$ 68 3 , 000
for
'we l fare a s s i s tan ce
A l a skan nat iv e s a f f e c t e d b y a t r ag i c drop in the ca t ch o f f i s h i :
l a s t summer .
to
�(12)
CHEROIIBE
CRAF T llii1 8
Phe nomenal i s t h e word wh i ch b e s t d e s cr i� e s the growth o f Oua l la Ar t s
and Cra f t s Mu tua l , In c . , dur ing the las t two decade s .
S ta r t ing in 1 94 6 a s
t he Ar t s and Cra f t s Cooperat ive A s s o c i a t ion o f t h e E a s tern Land o f Chero�ee
Ind ians , it is today re cogn i zed as one o f the ou t s tand ing Ind ian Ar t s and
Craf t s organ i z a t ions in the Un i ted S t a t e s .
Owned and oper a t ed by the Cherokee Ind i an Cra f t smen o f the Qua l la r e s e r
va tion , Cherokee , H . C . , i t was founded to en courage the deve lopmen t , produc t ion
and marke t in g of the many un i que and authen t i c Ind ian craf t s produced on the ir
r e s er va t ion .
Qua l l a Ar t s and Craf t s Mu tual has b een , and cont inues to b e , an impor t an t
s our ce o f supp l emen tal income for t h e 2 0 8 memb e r s and the ir fami l i e s , and
many d e pe nd a lmo s t en t ire ly n the s a l e o f their cra f t s as a sour ce o f income
dur hig the winter mon th s .
\lhen a memb er s e l l s his hand i cra f t s to Qua l l a , this payment repre s en t s
A s emi
o n ly a par t o f t h e t o tal t enef i t s o f memb e r s hip i n the organizat ion .
annua l d iv J d end o f 5% i s aut oma t i ca l ly paid to t he member on the cra f t s tha t
he s e l l s .
Each year the pro f i t s tha t Qua l l a mal�e s are d ivided among the
member s on a p er cen t -o f - sa le s b as i s .
F � r examp l e , i f a memb er s o ld a cra f t i tem to Cua l l a in 1 9 5 7 for $ 1 . 00 ,
he received an ad d i t j o n a l d ividend o f 5% , p lus an e qu i ty cred i t o f ano ther 4 5% .
As a fur ther examp le o f i t s va lue t o the Cherokee commun ity , the top producer
ot the organ i za t ion in 1 9 6 7 s o ld $ 3 , 704 . 34 t o Qua l la .
The 5% d ividend totaled
$ 185 . 2 2 with an e qu i ty cred i t o f $ 1 , 6 75 . 9 5 be ing received b y thi s producer .
E qu i ty paynte.n t s , which in recen t year s have been sub s tanial , are paid
a s the Ex e c \ ! t ive Courud. t tee o f the organ izat ion fee l s i t i s f inan c i a l ly ab le .
Qua l l a Ar t s and Cr a f t s Mu tua l own the ir present build ing which wa s
cons truc ted in 1 9 6 1 at a co s t o f $ 50 , 000 .
$ 3 0 , 000 of this amoun t wa s borrowed
In
from the Cherokee Tri L a l Counc i l to be paid b a c!� over a 24 year period .
Novemher of 1 9 68 , Qual la l iquidated this ob l igat ion , t aking only 7 of the 24
v e a r s t o reach this go al .
The b r igh t e s t p i c ture in Qua l l a ' s his tory is the ir a c t ivit ie s f r 1 9 6 8 .
S a l e s s how an incre a s e o f approx i ma t e ly 2 5% over the previous year .
The
future o f Qua l la Ar t s and Cr a f t s Mutual , Inc . , con t inue s to ho ld much promi s e .
There are many ou t s tand ing craf t peop le produ c ing basl e t s , wood carving , p o t t ery ,
b e adwork , s cu l p ture , b o th wood and s t one , weaving and me t a l work.
(From a s ervice new s l e t t e r o f the Ind ian Ar t s and Cra f t s oard 1 1 2 / 30 / 6 8 }
S te phen M . Ri chmond , F i e ld Repre senta t ive , P . o . E ox 2 9 2 , Che ro!�e e , N . C . 28 7 1 9 )
GPANT-IN-AID
TO
S TATE
HUSEUM
The Baine, S ta t e Commi s s ion on the Ar t s and the Human i t i e s has announc ed
3 s e par ate gran t s to the Maine S tate Mu s eum ' s r e s earch s t a f f .
Two of the s e
were awarded to a l l ow t h e Mu s eum s ta f f to und er t ake t he f o l lowing pro j e c t s :
1 ) to d e termine and r e cord the na ture and l o c a t ion of Maine Ind ian ar t ifac t s
he ld i n mu s eum co l l e c t io n s i n nor the a s tern Uni te d S ta te s and eas tern Canada ;
2 ) to eva luate the ar chaeo l og i c a l po t en t i a l of three preh i s toric Ind ian camp
ground s and / or Lur i a l s i te s .
The 3 mu s e um gran t s tog�tbar t o t a l �d $ 98 0 .
La s t summe r , s taff memb e r s of the S ta t e Mu s eum v i s i t ed the 2 Pa s s amaquoddy
Re s erva t ion s and d i s cu s s ed w i th tr iba l o f f i c i a l s the p o s s ib i li ti e � of future
t r ib a l mus eum con s tru c tion on the r e s erva tion s .
The s e ar ch for exi s t ing co l
l e c t ions � f Ind ian ar t s and craf t s i tems i s a r e s u l t o f t he s e v i s i t s .
A l at er
Af..
1Y. ONE KNCY.HNG OF PUBLIC
v i s i t to t he Penob s co t Res erva t ion i s a l s o p l anned .
lA
OR PRIVATE C O LLE C TI OH S OF !v" INE INDIAN ARTIFAGTS I S URGED TO COHTAC T THE �
I t i s known
LE TTER , who w i l l p a s s the informa t ion a l ong to museum off i c ia l s .
t ha t in the ear ly d ay s o f . t hi s cen tury , privat e co l le c t or s bought many phice l e s s
The s e should be located , for triba l d i s p l ay : u s e .
he i r l ooms from Maine Ind ians .
�(13)
MORE OF 1-'lA S SACHUSE TTS
(See
January News l e t ter ,
Fo l l owing i s t h e t ex t o f a b i l l
j us t
Hou s e o f Repre s en t a t ive b y Rep . : Jahn F .
13-14)
Pag e s
in troduced i n t o the Ma s s a chu s e t t s
D o l an , R - Ipswich :
THE COMMONWEALTH OF MA S SACHUSE TTS
HOUSE
!O .
RE S OLVE PROVID I G F OR A l
INVE S TIGATION AND
2096
S TUDY :rY A S PE C IAL C Oit1MI ::; S I ON RELA TIVE
TO E S TAB LIS HING A BUP..EAU OF IND IAN AFFAIRS Fm THE C 011MON·1EALTH .
Re s o lve d ,
the s e nate ,
That
app o in te d b y t he
governor ,
an unp a i d s p e c i a l
commi s s ion to
con s i s t o f one memb er o f
tv10 memb e r s o f t he hou s e o f r e pr e s en t a tive s ,
a t t orney -genera l , a n d thr e e member s
t hree memb er s
t o b e appo in ted b y
two of whom s ha l l be memb e r s o f an a c t ive Indian
w i thin the Commonweal t h ,
is he reby e s t ab l i s hed
inve s r. igat ion and s tudy r e l a t ive
for the Commonweal th .
t o be
the
t r ib e or group
for the purpo s e of making an
to e s tab l i s hing a bur e au o f Ind ian Affairs
S aid colilllli s s i on s ha l l con s ider and rev iew a l l pr i or enac tmen t s
of
the
G e n eral La� s and a l s o of s pe c i a l a c t s re l a t ive t o e ar l ier gran t s t o and r i gh t s
o f Ind i ans w i thin the Commom� e a l t h i n c lud ing a l s o any l eg i s la t ive enac tmen t s
in r e l a t io n t o former t r ib e s r e s i de n t wi thin the Commonwe a l th pr ior to t he e s t ah
l i s hemsn t of
the s t a t e o f 1' ine .
la
S a i d commi s s io n sha l l a l s o inve s t iga te and
s tudy
the pr e s en t d ay n e e d s
a n d cond i t ions ex i s t ing amon g s t t h e Ind ian s , a n d submi t s u c h r e connne nd a t io n s
as
they d e em su f f i c i e n t
to e s t ab l i s h and ma in t a in a bureau o f Ind ian A f f a ir s
for t he Connno \t'\i e a l th Yhi c h wi l l b e t ter s erve the Ind ians in the ir fu ture r e l a t i o n s
w i t h in the Commonwe a l th .
S a id coliiilli. s s io n may trave l ou t s ide the Conmlonuea l th , and may con s u l t wi th
any or a l l s t at e , feder al or pr iva te agen c ie s ·uh i ch may be engaged in r e l a t e d
programs i n b e hal f o f Ind i a n s gener a l ly .
S a id memb er s
a t tendan c e a t
of
the
m e e t i ng s
the purpo s e s o f this
commi s s ion s ha l l be re imbur s ed
a n d hearing s , a n d for expens e s
s tudy ,
in
in t e r im r e p o r t s
c l erk of
ber
to
the gene r a l cour t
and i t s r e connne nd a t io n s ,
leg i s la t i on ne ce s s ary t o c arry
s ame
t ime s p e n t i n
trave l for
inve s t i g a t ion and s tudy .
Said commi s s ion sha l l repor t
t i g a t ion and
for
in curre d in
i f any ,
the re s ul t s
of i t s inve s
toge ther with d r a f t s o f
i t s re commenda t ion s i n t o e f f e c t , by f i l ing the ·
from t ime
to
t ime ,
t he Hou s e of Repre s en t a t ive s on o
bu t w i th a fina l repor � w i th the
be fore
the f ir s t � edne s d ay of D e cem
of n in e t e en hundr e d and s eventy -one .
SPBCIJJ., .-,· E. AGE 01 HlJii
by Gov . Kennet h � : .
(Following
fossage on
1969 .
REWURCES
Curt i s
e
i s thP t po rtion p ertaining to Ind i ? ns o f Governor Curt i s ' " Sp ci � l
Human Re sour ce s , 11 deliv ered to the 104th Legi slature on Februa ry 4,
In <:. lat er 11 Spe c i al
on Edu c a t i o n 1 1 the Governor will d is cuss pro
i·-essage
gram.s t o :iJ prove the quaJi ty o f Indian e du c c: tion
. - Ed . )
ve
The Penobs co t a nd Pa s s amaquoddy Indian Tri be s h
ju stifi able pride in
They a re , as an expres sion of t hi s pri de ,
�e
their c a pa ci ty fo r s lf-go vern. nt .
continuaJJ_y SA�k ing to improve the quality of their government opera tions .
I
support th ei r prop0 sal to pla c e tribal po lic e o ffic e r s under the s tat e personn 1
law , wi th it s
ployee b ene fit s a nd pro te ction .
�'uch
a
cha nge \\IOuld enable the
re servat.i on s to empl >y pi. ifi e<i tribal members for th e s e important po s itions .
To in cr0as� the fl exfl::ril i.. ty
f ad1i1 i ni s �.rat.i u_, the Tribe s pro po s e l egi slati
o
( f'..o ut.i nn�d
on
Page 14 )
n
�(14 )
(
13 )
Continued frorn Pag
allowing the tribtl governor of each rcs1;:;rva ti n, wi t h the a.dvice and consent
of the t ribal counci l s , to " appoint p e r so n s to su ch po 3i tions as tribal c u s to d ·
tribal maintenanc a.-nan and other s p e c i al offi cers not clsewher · spe ci fi ed . "
I
support th i s measure .
Th e Penob s co t s , now rec uir ed to hold their ele c tions for gove rno r ,
)
an ,
( lieu
t enant governor , legi sla tive rep resent ative c..nd tribal council every two
ye a r s , propo s e change s c:i.llowi!l{s four y r r ter
rns f r the governor and tribal
oo un c il 1 emb er s , wi t h the co un cil
enbers h c>ving stagg0red terms to insure that
there are always some exp ri enc ed counci
uei .
Th i s is parti a lly
e rs on hand .
in erro r - the.; · propo sed ch ang e s e.llow
ar sta.gge rC:;d terus fo r trib .:d co unc il
manb e rs but r etain 2-ye ar t e rrus for th governor and li eutenant go verno r , as was
l
4-Y
r e que st ed b y the tribal co unci l .
-
(
b
Ed. )
I endo r s e thi s pro pos al .
The p re sent
syst em , pennit ting frequent, who le s al e changes in t;overnm.e nt administration,
may se riously t hr e at e n pro t:,raIIl oo nt inuity
.
In the area o f e conomic . � nagemcnt , the Pass amaquo ddie s pro po se changing
the law on for e stry income from Indi c.n To wn s ip
The p r e sent law requi res
th a t
h
all
.
the s al e o f tim.ber must be pl aced in the Pa.ss amaquoddy
pro c eeds fro1
sum equal to
that used previously from the trust furrl s to
build hou sing h a s b een replaced .
Given the pr esent lev�l of income from the
trust fund s t.ntil
a
will
timb er sale s , it
be 7 or a ye a rs befo re the sum i s wholly replaced and proc e e d s are rele as ed fo r g ene ral reservation �uprovement s .
The Pas samtiquo ddi e s
feel th.i s arrang ement i s t o restri ctiv , and I agree .
Th e law should b e
chunged t o allow transui ttal of
40%
o f th
n e t fo re stry income f r orµ th e fiscal
yec:.. r to a c co unt s of th e Indi an Township Tri bal Counc il e.nd th
Ple a sant Point
Tribal Co unc il fo r use s the Counc ils deem appropri ate .
The r ana.:ini ng 20% of
th e annual net income w: m ld be r eturned to the trust
.
Under th i s arrange
fund
ment th e t ru s t fund v.ould still bt: repleni shed , though at a late r dat e , wh ile
the Trib e s woul� have mon y ava ilable fo r special pro j e c t s , inv estme nt s or
emer genc ie s .
Other change s
nc
de trib al ap pro v al of the management of the
Town s hip
int e r e st
.
and
(
fo r th e
- Ed . )
ad d iti o n
i
lu
to the pri nci pal of the tru s t fu nd of the
annual
I have al so re commende d an extensive c apital improvanents program fo r the
and
At Indi an Is
Indian Township
nd, Pet er Dana Point
Ple asent Point Res e rvatio ns th e re wo uld be o::> nstru ction of indoor 2nd outdoor
)
(
la
Indian Re s e rvations .
re cr e a t ion faci lities and t h& extensio n of water and sewage facilitie s to accomAt th e Pd n e e - on Strip ( Indi an
o 1·mship
water
( Initi a l s
and s e wag e facilit i e s would be extended .
ta t on co nstr c t ion
o date new housing pro j e ct s .
ani
i
T
)
.fUnds fo r t he Strip were included in last June t s approved bond i s sue . - Ed .
At Plea sant Point four new cl as s rooms v.o uld b e constructed,
Point , one .
be ii1et .
The s e pro ,j e cts
all
r e spond to basi c ,
)
and at Peter Dana
compel ling needs whi ch must
JNPORTANT HAGAZINE AV ILABLE
1968,
i s entitled
A spe cial Indian i s sue o f YOUTH magazine, d ated Septemb er 22,
THE Il�DIAN .
It i s strongly r e cormnended to all tho se int erested in Indi ans,
Indian affa ir s and part i cula rly in Ind i a n youth .
Amply illustrated, the sp e ci l" 1
Views of Ind- an
Re servations ,
Life on
i ssue inc lu:i e s the followl ng art i cle s :
Two
Youth ,
C artoo nists
Look a.t Indian s ,
Indi ans in the Inner City, Understanding
Indian Cultur e , Map s : Ind ians in th e U . s . and Canada, Bibliography, Young Indian
Art i st s , F i c ti on : Girl With Seven Names , S atir e : Solutions to the Indian Probl6rn,
Own
·
Land, Photo Ess ay : The Indian Now.
The s pe ci a l i ssu e is available from th e Unit ed Church Bo ard fo r Home l nd
iVrl. s si o nari es , Divi sion of Public a tion, 1505 Race Stree t , Philad elphi a, Pa . 19102,
or more copi e s .
each fo r
copi e s , and at
to
e a ch for from
at
Alien
50¢
in His
1
9
30¢
10
�(15)
IIID IA 1 MI : G -; Ac:.:.s iTO-l-VIOLEI1T FO:�l'I OF : .r_7;; )�, pa.-mn_; i
by Enid Hemy
l�T YORK -
Thoma s ine !.'.u t h Hi l l , an ar t i c u l a t e and ex t raord ina1· i l y digni
is t he a nt i t he s i s o f mo s t c o n t e s t
winner s w i t h a nMi s s 1 • b e fore t h e i r name s .
Th e curren t Mi s s Indi an Amer i � a , now i n iiew York a s par t o f her y e a r - l ong
t our of the coun try , w e ar s no make up ( " I think i t ' s superfic i a l and a b i t s i:eaky
the ind ividua l i s hiding b ehi nd s ome thin g . 1 1 ) , l ike s mo dern c l o t he s C ' a· ove t he
l nee
ut no t t o t he hip ; 1 ) b u t pre fe r s to d i s c u s s Ind i an g o a l s and : = red power · : ·
: • r do think there i s an
' ' I ' m a lways a s l ed ao out red p ow er , 1 • s h e s aid .
f i ed 21 -ye a r •o ld from Crow Agency , Mon t . ,
..
•
awaken in g among Ind i an youth to become more invo lv ed , 'L u t there i s a good s id e
I f e e l t h a t Ind ians wou ld n o t r e s o r t to v i o l e n ce t o
t o power and a b ad s i de .
a c h i eve the ir g o a l s .
r :e • ve l e arne d from pa s t h i s tory tha t i t doe s n ' t p a y o ff . "
r : Pe o p l e l oo!�
Hi s s Hi l l i s a fu 1 1 -iJ loodec1 and very l ight - s kinned Ind ian .
at me and s ay ' You aren 1 t r e d , 1 i : sh e connne nted .
" I ask them , ' D o I have t o
be?
I
II
she i s the gr and d a ugh t e r
the Skid ee c l a n of the Pawnee t r ic e and Chie f
S e e s -:Ji th - Hi s -Ear s of t h e "" lack L o d g e of the Crow t r ib e .
: : I s p e ak very l i t t l e
o f e i ther d ia l e c t , '. ' s h e s a id .
: ; The only language my mo ther and f a ther cou ld
of
Th e daugh ter o f a Crou father and a Pawnee mo ther ,
b o c hie f s
- Chi e f t i g B e ar of
c ommun i c a t e in was Eng l i s h . : :
Her command and u s e o f the Eng l i sh language w a s one of t he reasons she won
t itle .
She wa s crmmed, w i t h a headdre s s of porcupine qu i l l s , at the l S th
annu a l Ii s s Ind i an Ame r i ca h e l d l a s t Augu s t in Sh er id a n , �-!yo .
There were
'
36 o t her con te s t an t s , r epr e s en t in g the Uni te d S t a t e s and Canad a .
1 1 I t s no t
a _beauty con te s t , : : she s a i d .
: •And i ' s no t on a comme r c i a l b a s i s . : :
Jud g ing , by a
ane l o f f ive non - Indian s , is made on a b a s i s o f poi s e ,
s cho l a s t i c ab i l i ty , in tere s t in and d e d i c a t io n to the I n d i an peop l e , and modern
and t rad i t io n a l t a l en t s .
She addr e s s ed
l li s s Hi l l ' s modern tal en t was spe e ch .
11
the g ather ing on 1 · The Amer i c an Cha l lenge is the Amer i c an Ind i an 1 s Fut ur e .
1 . The I nd i an need s t o und er s tand h ims e l f and t he par t h e c an p l ay i n s o c i e ty
w i t hout l o s ing h i s iden ti ty , : · she s aid .
; .;Je s end t hem to the c l ean Her trad i i on a l t a len t -.;- a s clean in g bucks!-: in .
e r n nowari a y s , n she admi t t ed .
•:ru t I c an do i t the o l d way , u s ing two s t ones . ; :
A c o mpac t 5 f e e t 3� inch e s and l l G pound s , Mi s s Hi l l rar e ly wears tr ad i t ion
her
al dre s s .
She ha s two t h a t she u s e s on o f f i c ia l o c c a s ions .
One i s ' uckskin ,
made from four d ee r k i l l ed by her fa t h e r and bro ther , d e s ign ed by her s i s t er
and s e'\'m by a n o the r s i s t er and her s e l f .
de cora ted .�.wlth l e lks 1 t e e th
A s e cond ,
( " The e lk s ymbo l i z e s a b r av e an ima l ; 1 ) was mad e b y a re l a t i ve .
Mi s s Hi l l , one of nine c h i l d re n , was born in Lawrence , Kan . , and l iv e d
on r e s er va t i o n s i n nor th Dako t a and Non t ana b e fore r e s id ing a t Crow Agency ,
uher e her f a ther i s a r e a l e s t a t e s p e c i a l i s t .
Her i n tere s t in trav e l snd
me e t in g p e op le of d i f f er e n t cu l t ure s b egan even b e fore s he en tered co l lege .
She
s p e n t t:uo years w i t h the
'Up i i t h Peo p l e : program b efore her f ir s t year at
E a s t ern Ho n t an a Co l l ege in L·i l l ing s .
She i s nou on a y e ar ' s s ab b a t i c a l and
p lan s to r e s ume her s tud i e s , ma j or ing in po l i t ic a l s cience , at trown Univers i ty ,
wher e she has b e en o f fered a s cho larship .
Mi s s Hi l l hop e s to u s e t h i s y e ar to fu-r l her a numb e r o f g oa l s f or Ind ian s .
She i s acc omp an ied on her t r i p Ly Mrs . Sus i e Y e l l ow Tai l , a memb e r o f the Crow
t r i b e from � y o l a , Mon t . , who ha s been a s s o c ia t e d w i t h the con te s t s in c e i t s
e ar l i e s t days .
(Fr om
-t h.,. f,a�.9.!_ D a i l
S te phen Hi t c he l l ,
_
a Penob s co t
l!ews , 2/ 6 / 6 ' )
D ID YOU KHO':·T TIIAT
s e n ior at Hu s s on Co l lege , was the s o l o i s t a t
Hu s s on 1 s r e cen t wi n t e r gra.r h 1a t i on .
$ t eve w :i 1 l h e d o ing h i s pra c t i ce t e a c hing .
t h i s spr ing - hi s ma j or i s l.iu s i nE> s n Ed u:· � H on .
�/
/
(16)
LEG I S LA TIVE NEHG
COM11I TTE:!'i.: OF IlK}UffiY APPOII!TED
The j o i n t Sena t e - Hou s e Commi t te e of Inquiry , ca l l ed for in a Jo in t Ord er
a s t h e re s u l t o f the curr ent ha s s le ov e r the D e par tme n t of Ind i an Affair 8 '
appropr i a t i o n s and admin i s tra t ion ( S e e January Pew s l e t ter , page s 1 8 - 2 0 ) has
l ee n name d .
Cho s en by Sena t e
Augu s t a )
D avid
and
S en .
Pr e s id e n t �enn e t h McLeod were e e n .
Carl ton D ay
7enne dy w ere P.e p .
Perham ) ,
"' e p .
Kenne th A .
F i l l iam E .
a t ive A lb e r t Dana and
.. e e d ,
Denn e t t
Jr .
(D -
Mi l l s
(D -E a s tpo r t ) ,
(R-Ki t tery ) ,
D e nne t t D .
Ka t z
(R
i.!amed by Hou s e Spea �er
ro o hJ' i c h ) .
r�e p .
Haro ld t ragdon
(P
,
Pa s s amaquoddy Le g i s l a t ive r.e pre s � t
Penob s c o t Leg i s l a t ive R e pre s e n t a t ive
John De l s on .
The t ews l e t ter und er s t and s that S ena tor rreed has L e e n named cha irman o f
t he Commi t�--O f Inqu iry .
Repre s en t a t ive bragdon i s a memb er of the Le g i s la t ive
Appropr i a t io n s Commi t t e e .
� epre s e n t a t ive D enne t t i s a member o f the S ta t e
Governme n t CODIDi t tee (where many Ind i an b i l l s a r e
e ing r e ferred t h i s se s s ion )
and
l a s t y e ar wa s a memb e r of
rre pre s e n t a t ive Mi l l s '
The
Jo i n t Ord e r
HWHEREAS ,
t he
d i s tr i c t
Ind ian A f fa ir s Commi t t e e of
i n c l ud e s b o th
ca l l ing for the Commi t te e of
the D e par tme n t of
' t he du t ie s
t he ir educ a t i on '
and was
1 cr e a t e d
superv i s ion over the Ind i an Tr ib e s ; '
�.Jl-IEREAS ,
t he d e p ar tme n t
is
appo i n t e d
and
and
to
s tud y
t he
superv i s ion ,
l arge ly
s t aff ;
now ,
there fore ,
be i t
that a Commi t te e o f I n qu iry be
Lhe admi n i s t r a t ion of Ind ian a f f a ir s a s pre s ent ly
t r i t:. a l o f f i c i a l s ,
and
to re port
to t h e 1 01:. t h Le g i s l a ture
t o the ab ove -me n t ioned d i f f i cu l ty ;
ORDERED ,
tha t s a id Commi t t e e
Hou s e appo in t e d b y
the
tha t
Appropr i a t ion the
The order wa s
s ha l l c on s i s t of
2 memb e r s o f the
the Pre s id e n t o f the S e na te and 3 memL e r s o f the
the S p e aker o f
two Tr ib a l Repre s e n t a t iv e s
Or
J)EP.ED ,
there
is
the Hou s e o f Repre s e n ta t ive s apd
at
t he Leg i s latur e ;
and be
it
sum of $ 2 00 t o carry out
the purpo s e s
of
this order . ' ·
the Commi t t e e of Inqu iry .
D.
fa t z o f Augu s t a i n t o
The Maine
Time s e d i t o r i a l i zed on January 3 1 s t :
t he
s our ce s o f
in a f a ir -mind ed mann e r ,
of
has
_ enne t t
I t promi se s , perhap s ,
i s he ar t i ly we l c omed .
r a t her
than
try ing
to
looked at
f inger a s c apego a t
s quare ly and
for b e heading . ' :
:Ca t z , who ha s a we l l - e arned repu t a t ion f or b e ing
s po n s or e d an order ca l l in g for an i n quiry in to t he prob lems
t he young d e p ar tmen t , wh i ch . s inc e i t s b ir th in
and b ad l y und e r - f und e d .
curr e n t f in an c i a l
serve
1 1 The entran ce of S e n .
the d epar tmen t ' s wo e s w i l l be
: ; S en a t e Ma j or i ty L e ad e r
f a i r -minde d ,
to
s en s e l e s s con trover s y now swir l ing around Maine ' s
D e par tment o f Ind i an A f f a i r s
the r e a l
fur t her
appropr i a t e d from the Leg i s l a t ive
s po n s or e d by S e n a t or Ka t z , who was sub s e quen t ly named
on
tha t
and
i t fur ther
S e n a t e appo i n t e d by
of
s a id
as a sma l l d e par tment wi th
through con su l t a t ion wi th appropr i a t e s ta t e agen c i e s
i t s re commen d a t i o n s r e l a t ing
be
s erv i ce s ,
the Hou s e con curr ing ,
c arr i e d out ,
to Ind ians ,
exp er ienc ing incr e a s ing d i f f i cu l t y
s in g l e appropr i a t ion and l imi t e d
ORDEP..E D ,
fo l l ous :
to exer c i s e g e neral
in per forming s a i d d u t ie s a n d exer c i s ing
involv ing hea l th and we l fare
r e ad s as
and power s her e to fore
the Commi s s ioner o f He a l t h and He l fare re l a t ing
exc e p t
a
Inauiry ,
Ind ian A f f a ir s e � t a· l i s hed by the
·
1 0 2nd Le g i s l a t ure was as s igned
g iven
the Le g i s l a ture .
Pa s s ama quoddy Re s e rv a t ion s .
the
troub l e s
The s e f a c tor s are a t
•
•
•
•
:i
1965
]la s b ee n und e r - s t a ffed
the he ar t o f thd d epar tment ' s
D ID YOU KNO'H THAT
Ind ians had turkey s b e fore
s ou thwe s t ,
mu s t
!hanl s g iv in g ?
In c l i f f dwe l ler
archaeo log i s t s have b ound b u i l t
have b e en a turkey pen .
tur ke y b on e s ,
Droppings
have b e e n found in
" apar tment s = =
in the
in to many dwe l l ings a s truc ture tha t
and
the s e p e n s .
f e a thers
from turkey s ,
as we l l as
I
�(17)
LEG I S LA TIVE HEPS
HOU S !HG AUTH02.ITIES PRE SENT BUDGE T REOUE S ""S
In a hi s t o r i c " f ir s t : : o f tr ib a l s e l f -government
in
toc!ay ' s s o c i e t y ,
3 Tr ib a l Reu s ing Au thor i t ie s pr e s en t ed their budge t r e que s t s
Leg i s la ture a t a pub l i c hear ing on February 5 t h ,
to
the
the
1 04 t h
be fore t h e Appropr i a t i o n s
Commi t t e e in Augus ta .
nepr e s e n t a t ive s
for their r e que s t s
of
the 3 Author i t i e s exp l a ined to
the
for ma in tenanc e and oper a t iona l co s t s of
commi t t e e t he b a s i s
the
s ewag e and
water fac i l i t ie s whi ch w i l l be cons tru c t ed on the 3 R e s erva t ions dur ing the
coming mon ths .
Each Au thority is re que s t ing funds to hire a ful l - t ime ma i n t e n •
ance man ,
fun ds
to pur cha s e t he n e c e s sary too l s and e quipmen t f o r the s e men ,
fund s t o provide for the annua l oper at ion o f the s ewage and water t r e a tment
p l ant s , and 1/3 the c o s t o f t he s a l ary of a ful l - t ime foreman for the 3 Re s erva �
t ion � ' f ac i l i t ie s .
The amoun t s r e que s t e d
Au thor i ty -
$ 20 , 6 1 9 ;
Hou s ing Au tho r i ty
-
for
the
b iennium are :
1969-1971
P l e a s an t Po in t Hous ing Au tho r i ty -
$ 26 y �06 .
t he i n i t i a l s cr een ing of
(last
summer )
t r e a tme n t p lant ,
the S ta te Budge t Of f i ce w i thout change ;
to t he
Sew a l l Co .
fac i l i t ie s
re que s t e d .
t he Penob s co t
b e caus e o f the i n i t i a l
a
sewage
the s ervice s of a ful l - t ime
Penob s co t Au thor i t y V i c e - Cha irman Ma t t hew Sappier exp l a ined
Counni t t e e that a re cen t engineer ing p l an comp le ted by
Appropr i a t 1ons
t he Jame s
$ 1L� , OL}4
tha t t h e Penob s c o t fa c i l i t i e s wou ld no t i n c lude
and hence wou ld not r e quire
ma in t en ance man .
Ind i an Town ship
All amoun t s ex c e p t tho s e f or Penob s co t p a s s ed
re que s t had· b e en reduced b y the Bud g e t Of f i ce t o
b e l ie f
Penob s co t Hou s ing
$ 21 , 1 7 1 ;
ind i c a t e d the de s ireab i l i ty o f inc lud ing sewage treatme n t
in t h e p lans ,
and r e que s ted a re turn to t h e h igher amount o r ig in a l ly
Pleasant Po in t Au thor i ty Chairman
a n d Indian Town s h i p Au tho r i ty memb er
t ive ) Alb e r t D ana
( and Tr ib a l Governo r ) Euge ne Fran c i s
( and Pa s s amaquoddy Leg i s la t ive Re pr e s en t a
te s t i f ied f or the ir Au thori t i e s ,
exp l aining tha t t h e c o s t
f igur e s were ob t a ined a f ter con sul ta t ion w i th the S ta t e
' ure au o f Pur chas e s ,
etc .
l o c a l water and s ewer d i s tr i c t s ,
Ind i a n Commi s s ione r Edward Hin ck l ey exp l a ined that th i s re pre s e n t e d
fir s t opportun i ty
the S t a t e had had
to make appr opr i a t ion s d ire c t ly
g r o u p s s in c e days o f h i s t o r i c t r e a t y paymen t s .
Hous ing law had been s p e c i f i cal ly d e s igned so
Tr ib a l Hou s ing Author i t i e s ,
for
a ppropr iated to the Au tho r i t ie s
F a ther Romeo S t .
!<enne th Mi l l s
ou t ho'\-1 t he
r.
H e out l inetl how t h e Maine Ind ian
tha t the fa c i l i t i e s b e long to the
and p o in ted ou t that b o th S ta t e and F e d e r a l fund s
a l r e ady ob t a ined or commi t ted
o f tha t Author i t y ,
Pierr e ,
the
- no t
con s tru c t i on of
the s e f a c i l i t i e s were
to his depar tmen t .
c hap l a in on t he Penob s c o t Re serva t ion and Secre t ary
a l s o t e s t i f i ed in favor of the budge t r e que s t s ,
(D -Ea s tpor t ) .
the
to t r i b a l
a s d id Rep .
R e pr e s en t a t ive Mi l l s took s p e c i a l pains
a s hing ton Coun ty phy s i c ian s were p l e a s e d at
pro gr e s s in impr ov ing s an i t a tary
coud i t ions
on
the
2 Re s erva t ions
the
to poin t
Pa s s amaquoddy ' s
in h i s d i s tr i c t ,
a s a me ans o f r e duc ing i l lne s s and the po s s ib i l i ty o f d i s e a s e among the Ind ians
and non - Ind i an s a l ike .
CHIEF ' S GOAL IS TO UNITE ALL IND IANS
SYP.ACU S E ,
N.Y.
(AP)
UJTO CONFEDERACY
- l o t s ince Dekanawida p l an t e d t he Tr e e o f Gre a t Peace
in the l and o f the Onond aga s f ive centur i e s ago has the on c e - powe r f u l ,
still
proud Iro quoi s Con feder acy a spired to gr e ater un i ty and advanceme n t for the
Amer i can Ind ian .
Ju s t
as
the
s o n of t he Huron maiden brought
und er 'Ihe Gr e a t E- inding Law ,
terms of 20- ,
from s e a to
pre s e n t -d ay Iro quoi s
S O - , or even J OO -na t i on
c
the f ive - now s ix - na t ions
leaders are t hinking in
ll federacy who s e
sea .
(Con t inued on Page
18)
l ongho u s e would s tr e t ch
�/
( 18)
/
(Cont inued from Page 1 7 )
Such a u9 Lon o f mo s t o f t he n a t ion ' s Ind ians face s a lmo s t in surmoun taL le
e thn i c , cu l t� a l , r e l ig ious and l ingu i s t ic barr iers tha t are s hored up by d i s
t ance and ne f e c t ions t o t h e whi te man ' s ways .
neve r t he l e s s , the pu l se of the
un i f i ca t ion movemen t beat s s txong on the Onond aga Ind ian �es erva tion near here .
The OnoDdagas are the f irekeeper s or head auar ters of t he confe deracy , and their
home was once the cap i t a l and seat of power in the Jew Hor ld , e a s t of t he
Mi s s i s s ippi .
The b e a t i s e s pe c i a l ly s tr ong in the heart of Leon Shenandoah , t he 5 3 y ear-o ld , s tee ly -eyed Onond agan who wa s in s ta l led December 7 th a s chief o f
the Iro quo i s , a p o s i t ion a luay s he ld b y a n Onond aga .
S henandoah , who s e Ind ian name , Ky -you-ha -ha-d e , ap t ly mean s "unf in i s hed
b u s ine s s , j, s p e ak s o f prophe c i e s handed down among t.re s t ern tr ib e s tha t fore te l l
" o f the ir ge t t in g he lp from , or mee t ing w i th , Eas t ern nations . '
Shenandoah
ha s announced p l ans for a mas s ive ga the r ing thi s summer of a l l t r ib e s in the
Hes t ern Hemi s phere to d i s cu s s : : the warn ing s igns of d i s a s t er . 1 1
I t ' s a mee t ing to d i s c u s s p lans for
"We ' re no t c a l l ing it a pow-wow .
un i t ing a l l of our peo p l e for ac t ion .
We have to p l an ahead for our future .
We have our own con s t i t u t ion . ·whi ch the o ther Ind ian nations don 1 t have .
They
are intere s te d .
There has b e e n pre l iminary d i s cu s s ion .
They may come into
the confederacy • 1 1
The chi e f s aid pre s en t ind i c a t ion s were tha t more than 100 nat ions or
ien t a t ive p l an s cal l
t r ib e s wou ld be repre sen ted at the mee t ing in Augus t .
for a four -d ay ga ther ing , beg inning Augu s t 1 6 th at the Seneca Ind ian Re s erva
t ion near Tonawanda in we s tern Pew York S t a t e and a four -day con c luding s e s s ion
at Onond aga .
The announcemen t o f t he ga thering . perhaps unpreceden ted in Ind ian
auu a l s , came dur ing the some t ime s heated d i spute be tween Mohawk Ind ian s and
the Canad ian government .
( S e e D e cember News l e t ter , Page s 1 0 , 1 2- 1 3 ; and
Jan.n nry He"t-�S 1� t ter , Pag e s 14- 1 5 . - Ed )
(l•'r om the Mai .E e__§��?.. Te legram , 2 / 1 6 / 6 9 )
Y_
•
A BRIEF EXPLANATIOl'� OF T HE PASSAMAQUODDY IIIDIAl! LA ND CASE
From t he o f fice of Don C . Ge l l er s , At torne y
by Franc i s co L . Olguin
I.
U!TRODUC TION
No one knows b e t ter than t he Pa s sama quoddy thems e lve s wha t the land case
mean s .
There i s more t han j u s t wha t t he cour t s may do .
I t invo lve s many
generat ions of in j u s t i c e s done to the Pa s s amaquoddy by the whit eman .
It a l so
invo lve s the g iv ing o f one ' s word to do cer tain thiR g s or act in a certain way ,
p lu s the exp e c t a t ion tha t the s e t hing s or a c t s wi l l be done .
The whi teman
for over one -hundred and f i f ty years has seen f i t to run over hi s oWn word s ,
s poken in the treaty o f 1 794 .
The whi teman value s the ide a of pr iva te property so much that they wr o te
in to t he ir l aws an inhere n t r ight - tha t i s , a r ight no one , no t even the
governme n t can t ake away from them - to fee l s e cure in-the enj oyme n t o f the ir
proper t y .
Thi s pro t e c t io'n i s in the ir con s t i tu t ion .
Today ; the Pa s s ama quodd y o ccupy b are l y 200 acre s o f the ir original
30 , 000 acr e s s e cured t o them by tr ea�, and this a f ter all the o ther l and whi ch
was the i r s wa s taken away from them .
Thi s s hort s ke t ch i s wr i t ten to brie f ly d e s cr ibe what has been done and
wha t is b e ing d on e to s e cure t he s e inherent r igh t s , tha t have been invaded by
the whi t eman , tha t the Pa s s ama quoddy have in the fu l l en j oyn1en t of the ir righ t s
t o the ir l and - land which be longed to the Pa s s�una quoddy l ong b e fore arty con
s t i tu t ion was wr i t ten b y the whi teman .
Read i t .
I t invo lve s your land and your chi ldren ' s -t o - come land .
(Cou t inued 0n Pag e 1 9 )
�( 19 )
( Co n t inued from Page
OUTLINE OF EVENTS
A.
Lawyer Hired .
Nay of 1 9 64', the d e c i s ion
II .
In
to do
some thing about
t r e a t y v io l a t ion s by
the
d i s cu s s io n s w i th
t r i b a l of f i c ia l s and
Don C .
be done
to
set
t hing s
B.
1 9 68 .
and
the
Pas s amaquoddy .
Preparat ion
G e t t ing r e ady wa s
to F i l e Comp l a in t .
t he ma in goal b e tween
The work invo lve d dur ing t h i s
informa t i on
Thi s
( fr om as
loRg cont inuing
the hir ing o f
came ab out a f t er many
the re a l i z a t ion tha t some thing
s tr a ight con c e rn ing mo n i e s and
s amaquoddy p e o p l e .
the
S t ate of Maine b e c ame a re a l i ty by
Ge l l er s a s a t torney for
the
12)
to
cou ld
the
Pas
the per iod o f May ,
1 9 64
to s uppor t a l l
c l a ims wh i c h
t ime wa s :
far away as Eng l and )
land b e long ing
to January ,
The ga t her ing o f . ma t er i a l s
(1)
the
the Pas s amaquoddy have again s t b o th t h e Commonwea l t h o f Ma s s a chuse t t s a n d the
S tate
of Ma ine ;
and r e por t s
p l a c e s wher e
t he
invo lve d a gre a t amount o f trave l ing ,
Pas s ama quod dy .
to
sho'
(3)
toge ther a l l
a s s oc i a te .
s ary b e c au s e D on i s n o t a member o f the Ma s s achu s e t t s Bar ,
needed to do wha t ever
the
the pr oof t h a t
where the S ta t e o f Ma ine ha s broken i t s promi s e s to
Dur ing thi s t ime , in May , 1 9 6 7 , John S . B o t toml ey ,
from Bo s t on , was hired to be Don Ge l le r s '
B r ie f ly ,
le t t er \-lr i t ing
Be low is a l i s t o f a few people and
l e t ter s wer e ex changed i� br ing ing
w i l l b e ne c e s s ary
a lat·ryer
Thi s
( 2)
to and from many p l a c e s .
leg work i s n e ce s s ary in
S t a te o f �la ine c anno t be
s ued
if
the
cour t s
Thi s wa s ne ce s
and some one wa s
in Na s s achu s e t t s .
i t d o e s no t wan t to be
the
i t s ob l ig a t ion s
Commonwea l th of Ma s s achu s e t t s can be
Pa s s amaquoddy never agree d
ins t e ad .
Th i s
to
the
l e t Ma s s achu s e t t s
Ind i an s ,
In D e c embe r ,
(4 )
to
s ame r u l e as �lai ce ,
sued .
Be c au s e Ma s s a c hu s e t t s doe s no t have
the
or Ma ine could n o t k i l l i t j u s t o n mere
III .
On
ILL OF
par a t ion , was
COMPLAIHT F ILED
f i led
wrong s
t h i ng s
tha t have been done
-
( the
Tii. a t
j u s t l ike
of
list
the Cour t
Tila t
Ma s s a chus e t t s
and Maine ,
and f a i led
That t he
t ime has needed
of damage s
t r e a ty o f
-
to
and
the
s ay t ha t the
Tha t i t w as r e a l l y due
- 'Iha t Ma s s achu s e t t s
- Tha t
the
i n to a s ep ar a t e
the
tr eaty of
of
to
the
is
the
the
l i s t ing of
to t he
tr ib e forever ,
the
the tr e a ty ,
Cour t
s aid
s t i l l re s pon s ib l e
to s e t
Name ly ,
to
s traight wha t
for wha t
for a long
t o f igure ou t the amoun t
the
Pa s s ama quoddy under
l i e s o f Ma s s a chu s e t t s o f f i c i a l s
and
Pa s s ama quoddy ne�er - gave
tha t Ma s s achu s e t t s
have b e e n ignor ed by bo th
1 794
l and s
s houldn ' t have s e t -up
s ta t e .
w i t h the in tere s t ,
p lu a
the
the s e promi s ed
- 'Iha t l1a s s ac hu s e t t s be a s ked
$ 3 7 , 4 71 . 03
land be long s
tha t Ma s s achu s e t t s i s
s t raigh tened ou t .
of g e t t ing ou t
in E qu i ty again s t
The sui t con t e nd s among o ther
Pa � s amaquoddy .
tr ib e whi c h had b e en promi s ed
1 7 94 .
Th i s a c t iv i ty we n t
the comp l a i n t
s e par a t e wrongs ) :
to do .
Pas s ama�uoddy never d id g e t
a s a way
the
In shor t ,
Pa s s ama quod dy wan t s
to be
s ued
and that no whi t e s had any r ig h t to s te a l any part
the r igh t s under
Maine ha s done
-
to
2l�
s ho u ld
t het r e a ty s ay s ,
i t away .
-
inc lud e s
f or
a f t e r many mon th s o f hard pre
f in a l ly ,
comp la in t ,
in Suffo lk Coun ty Supe rior Cour t
Commouwe a l th of Ma s s ac hu s e t t s .
1
t he
to Maine
to make sure that e i the r Ma s s a chu s e t t s
t e chn i c a l i t ie s .
1968 .
Mar"Ch- -S:- -1 9 6 S:- the
t he buckn
s ince
a very rough wr i t ing o f t he comp l aint was done .
1967
l i s t ing o f wrong -do ing s w as gone over
on un t i l Nar c h ,
tipas s
and
in
the S ta t e of Ma ine
the ir con s en t
in
Ind ians at
tha t t ime ,
and tha t Ma s s a chu s e t t s b e ord ered t o pay b a ck the
in tere s t and a l l a c crued and
incr e a s ed income from
( Con t i nued on
Page
20)
the
1 8 20
to Ma ine b e ing made
to a c coun t for wha t was done w i th
it owed t he
tha t
the S c hcod i c River .
the
the
the
toge ther
$ 3 7 , l� 7 1 . 03
trus t fund .
�( 2�)
(Con t inued
19)
from Page
- 11ha t Ma s s achus e t t s be a s ked f o r d ama g e s
b e e n cu t over
The wrong s
p l a in t ,
but
tree s
that have
are me n t ion e d above are no t a l l
tha t was
s a id in
is
the
cum
invo lved
comp l a in t .
THE CA S E
As was expe c t e d ,
c a s e b y s aying
i s pa s t ,
t he
in a nu t s he l l , w i l l g ive you a g o od i d e a of wha t
PRE SENT S TATIJS OF
A.
t he
tha t
th i s ,
i n the b i l l of
IV .
for a l l
the year s on Pa s s ama quodd y Tr e a t y land s .
s o t ha t
that
t he Commonwe a l t h o f Ma s s a chus e t t s i s
the
t he Pa s s ama quoddy ar e
t he r e i s eve ry h o p e t ha t
Don i s ,
at
try ing
to d e feat
t ime w i thin wh i c h the sui t s hould have been broug h t
too l a t e in comp l a in ing .
Don f e e l s
th i s w i l l be over come .
thi s 'vr i t ing ,
pr e par ing l e g a l argumen t s
to overcome
ob j e c t ion s wh i c h Ma s s a chus e t t s has f i l e d in Super ior Cour t .
the
The hearing on
the ahove ob j e c t ion s and o t her po in t s wi l l b e s ome t ime in the nex t two or
t hr e e mon t h s .
COECLUS IO
V.
To b e
sure ,
t he cour t s are n o t the o n ly arm o f t he governme n t
The amoun t o f d amage s a sked
mi l l ion )
and
for by t he
sub s tan t i a l
t he p o l i t i c ian s w i l l no t be d en i e d a f i g h t .
b a t t l e w i l l be a l o n g h a r d one ,
everyone ' s
Tr ibe i s very
coopera t ion
this
and
this
$ 1 50
The road o f l eg a l
i s on ly t h e b e g i n n ing .
s u c c e s s fu l .
j ou rney s hou ld be
invo lve d .
(over
The
B u t w i th
t ru th mu s t win
i n the end .
Ame r ic an In s t i t u te
of Re a l E s ta t e
The Br i t i sh Mu s eum
Apprai s e r s
Lon�on ,
Chi cago ,
Ency c l o p ed i a E r i tan i c a
3 6 B o u t h �·lab a s h Avenue
I l l ino i s
Eng land
Libr ary Re se a r ch Se rv ice
Pub l i c Re cord Of f ic e
4 25 r
Chan c e ry Lane
Chicago ,
London ,
•
Mi chigan Avenue
I l l i no i s
E n g l and
Mas s achu s e t t s Hi s t or ica l S o c i e ty
Bo s t on , Ma s s a c hus e t t s
Ma ine S ta t e Libr ary
Augu s t a ,
Maine
St .
Pub l i c Ar c h ive s
Canad a
His tory De partmen t
D e l ho u s i e Un iver s i ty
Co l le c t io n s o f N . S .
John ' s Mu s e um ,
Ll oyd Y
ruir
of Nova S co t ia
Hi s to r i c a l S o c i e ty
The Library of Congr e s s
�·lash ing ton , D . C .
Smi t h s on i an In s t i tu t e
·las h i ng t on , D . C .
The · New
runswicl� Mu s eum
New York Pub l i c Library
227
Doug l a s Avenue
New Yor!c Ci t y ,
St.
John ,
N. Y .
N. E . ,
( Submit te d by Ind i an Town ship Governor John S teven s ,
Canad a
2/ 13/69)
D ID YOU KHOf·J THAT
t he Queb e c Ind i an A s s o c i a t ion ha s pre s e n t e d t he provin c i a l government wi t h a b i l l
for
$ 5 , 000 , 000
out
the ir con s en t ?
for
l and s
the a s s o c i a t ion c l a ims were t aken from the Ind ians· u i t h
Or tha t A lb e r t a Ind i Rn s a r e a s k i n g t h e Canad ian Ind i an
Af f a i r s D e par tme n t for a r e a f f irma t ion of
Ind i an s d emanded the e s tab l i s hment o f a
comp e n s a t ion f or
l and t h ey
lost
the ir
treaty r i gh t s ?
$ 100 , 000 . 000
through treat i e s ?
Or t ha t 'NaliHoba
d eve l opmen t fund a s par t i a l
( Ind i an Re cord , Feb . -Mar .
' (9 )
�( 21 )
BERMUDA NORTH - IT 1 S HEADED EAST
PROJECT :
•
•
.
•
Relevanc e .
how many
Involvement .
oung adult s ,
So cial a ction .
all that ' s been written about them lately?
John P . Davi s ,
It all s ounds good .
�
But
if given the opportunity, would actµally l i e up to
That ' s the que stion that Father
advis o r to the Bowdoin College Newman Apostolate
(whi ch ha s no
club membership but include s eve ry Catholic and ever;r non-Catholi c who parti c
Bermuda
ipate s i n any o f it s activit i e s ) asked hims e lf wh en h e launched " P ro j e ct :
North" a few weeks a o .
It alluded
The pro j e ct title was s e le cted for its symboli c s igni fi c ance .
t o the anriual exodus of c o llege students from the northeastern st�t e s and their
1i\·fuat this
migration t o Fort Lauderdale and Be rmuda for the spring va cat ion .
title is s aying i s ,
10.K. ,
forget about tho s e pla c e s ;
pole in the cornmitment that thi s pro j e ct demands
Hhat are the students of P ro j e ct :
of them from Bowdoin and St .
1 , 11
they ' re at the oppo site
explained t h e advi s o r .
Be rmuda North committed to ? .
vac ations at the Pas s amaquoddy Re s e rvation at Peter Dana Point .
duct workshops in drama ,
Twelve
J o s eph ' s College have agreed to sp end thei� spring
art , mus i c ,
tutoring ,
They will con
s ewing and dre s smaking for both
the elementary and hit�h s chool students on the re s e rvation .
Th eir purpo s e ?
1 1 To help , in so e small way , the Indians to help themselve s , " Father Davis
replied .
The idea of the workshops originated with the reservation ' s own Governor
John St evens .
When he was approached last I ovember by . Davis , St eve Plourde
Bowdoin student ) , and Lou Doyle , coordinat o r of Indian Affairs for the Dio c e s e
(a
he turned do m the i r original idea o f having s everal Bowdoin student s
Stevens ' reaction
come to the re s e rvat ion to pit ch into ph� si cal work pro j e cts .
But our children
was , 11 e are capable of doing such work ours elve s ; so let us . ·
have talent s and we would like t o see them channeled . "
The visitors agreed ,
o f Portland ,
and Pro j e ct :
Bermuda
orth was born • • • •
The pro j e ct dat e s , 1arch
encompas s the student s ' entire vacation
period with the exception of one day on eithe r end .
Twenty-five young people
uali fi cati ons .
filled out the four-page . ppli cation Form and Stat ement o f �
The appli c at io ns we re reviewed by the i ewman Exe cutive Board , Do le , Stevens
and the Council of the r e s e rvat io n .
_pplied were well-quali
Althou h all who a
23 -30 ,
fied for the pro j e ct , only 14 were ac cept ed be caus e of the limit ed residence
space avail ble at Pet e r Dana Point .
Each student who wa s s ele cted i s t alented
in more than one of the workshop areas so that he can " pinch hit " in other
areas .
•
• •
Each participant is �eq'...d. r ed . to · re ad background mat e rials on Indian culture
Brie fing s e s s ions
in general and the Pas samaquoddy culture in parti cular .
i n c lude d i s cus sion of Indian customs and viewpoi nt s ; speakers are Governor
Stevens and · 1ayne l ewell ( AFSC repre s entative to the Pas samaquoddy ) • • • •
whe n the group
The proj e ct 1 s s chedule o f events begins ·on Sunday , i·iar ch
will emb ark on the s ix-hour bus trip to Pet e r Dana Point ( near Prin ceton , Me . )
23 ,
'orni a s 'Nill be devoted to workshops fo r the high s chool age children , a fter
"'.ve ' ve s et it up thi s way s o
And thei r own learning will be
that the o lder chi ldren can help the others .
1
noons to the elementary children s workshops .
reinfo rc�d , 1
the advi s o r explain�d .
J*
Evenings will be r e s e rved
.8Vi e s , game s and s o ng fe st s , for the e nt i re
On �ledne sday the group plans a t rip to the University of Mel:ine
at Orono so that the older children can get a good look at how college student s
learn about drama , art , mns i c - the very things they are learning in the work
. Father Davis d e s c ribed
shops .
A " happening" is s cheduled for Friday night .
r� s e rvat i on .
this event as an opportunity for the children to demonstrate the talent s they
have been pract i c ing during the weeY.: •
• • •
Like the initial question o f reJ.evance and i nvolv eme nt , thP- ambit i ous
( r,onti nuf3d on Page
22)
�(22)
( Con t inued
I
from Pag e
Pr o j e c t :
r e rumu d a l·!o r t h s o un d s g r e a t b u t .
c an ' t do
it
a l one .
They are w i l l ing
to
•
•
•
21)
The r : b u t
sacrifice
·
ar i s e s b e c au s e the group
t he ir va c a t ions a nd a l l
t he add i t i o n a l hour s b e fore the ir d e pa r t ur e .
� u t • • • t hey n e ed the loan o f ,
r t he r e du c e d r a t e o f , a b u s d r ive r t o trans por t them t o and from Pe t e r Dana
Po i n t , and t o and from Orono .
I3 u t . . • t he ten Dowd o in s t ud en t s and F a ther D av i s
need s l e e p in g b a g s (week ' s loan ) f o r the f l oor o f t h e r e s i d e n c e ha l l where
t hey w i l l
l ive .
Bu t •
for one week .
s e cond - hand )
ject .
ab ove
Eut
that
•
Bu t •
• •
•
•
that c a n be
•
•
t he y need a var ie t y n f food s tu f f s
for
the group o f 15
t hey need a r t ma t e r ia l s o f all k ind s and gu i tar s
l e f t w i t h the Ind i an c h i ldr en a t
( new or
the c l o s e of t h e pr o
they n e e d s ome c o ld c a s h w i t h wh i c h t o pro cure t h a t s hare o f t he
i s no t d ona t e d or
l o aned
to
them .
If you c an el.' a s e any o f the " B u t ' s " g ive F a t her Dav i s a c a l l at
Re c to r y in Brun�w i ck ,
7 2 5 - 2 6 24
Time s , 2/ 14 / 6 9 ,
•
(From t he Ma i n e
•
•
•
St.
Char l e s
.
by G l or i a Hu t ch i n s o n )
TO �- C I TI Z E N S O F THE S TATE O F MAI lE
THE
�
��
�
-��
February
��-
24 , 1969
Pe t e r D a n a Poin t
Ind ian Town s hi p
Hhen t h e r e s pon s ib i l i ty f o r the e d u c a t ion o f Ind i an c h i ldren w a s changed
over fr om the D e par tme n t o f Hea l th and Pe l fare
I
tho u g h t
men t
in
there wou l d be
tex t s
mea n i n g f u l change .
have c0n t inued
to p o i n t o u t here whe re
The re has b e e n a sma l l improve
tex t s are no t
the Depar tme n t made
t he p a t e r na l i s t i c a t t i tud e .
l e ad ing remar ks and b ig pr omi s e s
do .
to the D e p ar tmen t of Edu c a t ion ,
and a f ew l igh t bulb s have b e e n r e p l a c e d , b u t
I wan t
e n ough .
a
i t s mi s take s .
They
They have mad e i n t e n t iona l ly mi s
t o for ce u s t o d o t h i n g s we d id n o t w i s h to
They have no t hand l ed money me an t for Ind i an e du c a t ion re s pon s ib ly .
I
do n o t f e e l t h a t s ome o f t h e p e o p l e invo lve d in Ind i an edu c a t ion shou ld be i n
v o l v e d in e du c a t i o n a t a l l .
I fe e l t ha t i t ' s Governor Cur t i s ' r e s pons ib i l i ty
t o s e e tha t h i s worker s
a s r e s p e c t e d . e qua l s .
I f ir s t wou l d l ike
in
the De par tme n t o f Ed u c a t ion l e a�n to
to p o in t ou t an examp le o f where the Depar tme n t has
wa s t e d money me ant: for Ind ian educa t ion .
2
a t i o n f o r on e new te acher a t e a c h o f the
last
summer
t r e a t Ind i�ns
the D e par tme n t go t E SEA Ti t l e
f o r .s p e c i a l pr ograms in our
s c ho o l s .
The 1 0 3rd Leg i s l a ture made an appropr i
And l a t e
Pa s s amaquoddy s cho o l s .
I mon e y from t h e f e d e r a l gove rnme n t
T <' s t ar t o f f u i t h t h e De par tmen t t o ok o n
t hems e lv e s the r e s p on s ib i l i t y o f d e c id i ng how t o s p e nd the money wi tho u � c on su l t
i n g the Ind i a n s .
I wou l d l ike to show you wha t happene d .
A t P l e a s an t
t he
Po i n t a fu l ly qua l i f i e d t e acher was hired wi th s t a t e mon e y b u t
Ti t l e I mon ey wa s
re lease
l e f t un s p e n t .
�e f o r c e d t hem r e c en t ly
t h i s money t o h i r e Ind i an t e a cher s '
s t i l l no t b e e n r e l e a s e d .
t he s t and ard s
they s pe n t our Ti t l e I mone y for a l e s s
but
there
t o promi s e t o
b u t o f c our s e t h e money has
At Ind ian Town s h i p t he D e par tmen t d id no t b o ther to
f ind a t e a c her who c o u l d me e t
w e have money t o hire a
a id e s ,
t e acher a t the
t he 1 03rd Leg i s l a ture d emand e d ;
qua l i f i ed t e a c her .
so
Now they say t ha t
Pe ter Dana Po i n t s cho o l a t
I nd ian Town s h i p
i s no w a y o f s p e n d in g i t .
te l l h i s D e par tmen t to t ake the f o l l owt h � t Ind ian t e a c her a id e s are hired imme d i a t e ly a t P l e a s an t
( 2 ) Have the Ti t l e I
Poin t and Pe t e r D an a Po i n t a a 'we sugg e s t e d l a s t f a l l ;
( 3 ) S e e t h a t when the
money r e p l a c e d that was s pe n t for the wrong purpo s e ;
Leg i s l a ture a ppropr i a t e s money i n the f u ture , t ha t i t is s pen t in the way it wa s
I wou ld
ing s t e p s :
l ike t o s e e Gover nor Cur t i s
(1)
me an t and no t b e
a lway s
see
te l l us
See
left
tha t
to r o t
they have
in
to
the
Memb e r s o f t he D e par tmen t
the g u id e l ine s ; " we wou ld l ike t o
S ta te ' s pocke t .
"work und er
t hem d o t h i s .
( con t inue d )
/
�Here
i s ano ther examp le of how the Departmen t of Ed uca t ion opera t e s on
down to the Ind i an Town s hi p Reserva t ion to d i s cu s s
s cho o l wh i ch is
there w a s money
from t he De par tmen t came
In S e p t ember o f 1 9 6 8 two o f f i c i a l s
the re s erva t ion s .
the
l o ca t ion o f the new
supp o s e d to be bui l t on the Town ship t h i s
( They mad e the s ame promi s e a t Ple a s a n t Po in t . )
and
the
They s a id
They s a id t ha t the · s cho o l
wou l d b e f i n i s hed b y S e p t ember 1 9 6 9 i f w e approved t he
However ,
summer .
to bui ld a s choo l w i t h 2 c l as s rooms and an a l l - purpo s e room.
i t was a controve r s i a l l o c a t ion be cause
s i t e which t hey sugge s t ed .
it wa s t he b a s eb a l l d i amond
only re crea t ion area on the r e s erva t i on and a l o t of Ind ian s had
a l o t of
t ime and money
When p e o p l e s a id
a new r e c r e a t ion are a ,
they fe l t
tha t
the
s t a t e had a r e s pon s ib i l i ty
the o f f i c i a l s be came agre s s ive .
ab s o l u t e ly impo s s ib l e .
p laye r s or good
spen t
to b u i ld i t .
The o t her one s a id ,
s tud e n t s ? " as
One
"Hhat d o you wan t ?
i f he a l one c ared about
to bui ld
s aid tha t it
was
Good bal l
the educa t ion of our ch i l d
A f t e r 2 mon ths o f b i ckering they s a id i t wa s t he r e s pons ib i l i ty o f the
r en .
�o
D e p ar tme n t to r e p la c e t he area and s o they add ed
con s t r u c t { ou cou ld b e corup l c te d ,
more mon ths onto when the
for no good rea son .
Then j u s t r e c e n t ly we found ou t tha t the s cho o l s wou l d n o t have 2 c l a s s
Thi s came to us as a
rooms at a l l but only one b e c au s e o f r i s ing co s t s .
I f ind i t hard to b e l i eve
the Depar tmen t .
so comp l e t e ly ignoran t of i the r i s i ng co s t prob lem b a ck
gre a t surpr i s e from some one n o t in
t hat
the D e p ar tmen t was
in Sep tember when they made
the b ig promi s e of a 3 room scho o l .
And i t i s
comp l e t e ly wrong tha t t hey d id no t kee p u s informed regard ing a l l chang e s and
d i f f icul t i e s when
they came up ,
of keeping thi s a s e cre t .
as
they had promi s e d us in S e p tember ,
I b e l ive i t
is Governor Cur t i s '
in s t ead
r e s pon s ib i l i t y to
go t o t he 104th Leg i s la ture. for emergency fund s t o guaran t e e the type of s chool
promi s e d t o u s .
R e c en t ly ,
one
of
the s e s ame o f f i c ia l s s aid t ha t
there wa sn ' t enough money
wou ld be g o ing to
for
3 rooms at
the Leg i s la ture
Po i n t and 4 a t P l e a s an t Poin t .
the D e p artmen t
for on e add i t i ona l c l a s s room at Pe ter D ana
La s t week we learned the re que s t was in a bond
i s sue ?nd wou ld no t be ava i l ab le un t i l
the o f f i c i a l was
it d id n o t ma t t er tha t
each r e s erva t ion becau s e
1 9 70 if the i s sue p a s s ed a t a l l .
When
to ld t h i s he ac t e d surpr i s ed and s aid he d id no t know i t .
f e e l i t i s h i s b u s ine s s
educat ion .
to know .
Til i s i s
I
the i n t e r e s t t hey show abou t Ind ian
Ano ther exampl e o f the D epar tment ' s was t e o f money and o f the qua l i ty o f
i t s per s onne l i s t h e pre s e n t Ind ian Adu l t Edu cat ion pro j e c t .
The d ire c t or
of that pro j e c t it s eems ha s worked to d e s t roy what programs we have on the
r e s erva t ion .
S he worked hard to b lock forma t ion of s ch o o l board s on the
r e s ervat i on s .
She campaigned for the c l o s ing of Ind i an s c hoo l s and again s t
the hiring o f a d ir e c t or o f Ind ian educ at ion .
t he p e o p l e ,
she r e fu s ed t o
for Ind ian s in o t her d e p ar tmen t s wh i c h had had a very
favorab l e re spon s e for Ind ian s b e fore .
a t ion to
them .
She
s u c c e eded in d i srupt ing b o t h coIIilllun i t i e s by medd l ing i n
F o r over $ 30 , 00 0 in s t a t e fund s s h e o n l y h e l d 2 c l a s s
on the re s erva t ion and thi s wa s
in
(U.
s.
She s e t up dr iver educ a t io n c las s e s
m i l e s away from t h e r e s erva t ions and d id no t s u p p l y any tran s por t
tribal po l i t i c s .
no r e s p e c t
to a l l
but
to do .
She mad e enemie s
25
and s e t them up ;
s e t up adu l t e duca t ion c l a s s e s on the re s erva t ion a s s h e w a s
a sked many time s
i n Calai s ,
Her j ob wa s t o g o around
a s k them what sor t o f programs they wan ted ,
Ind ian Af f a ir s )
to try to imp o s e her p hi l o s ophy on u s ,
Commi s s i oner Benne t t and one o ther man .
for Pa s s amaquoddy cu l ture ,
her grand chi ldr en" and
tha t our
She showed
s ay ing we were n o t r e a l ly Ind ians " l ike
language
s h e or any o t her whi te p e r s o n know ab ou t
how to s p eak one
s e s s ions
br inging
is
l ike p idgeon Eng l i sh ; wha t d o e s
Ind i an language s when they don ' t know
thems e lve s ?
I f e e l tha t i t i s G overnor Curt i s '
re s pon s ib i l i ty t o s e e that
sonn e l d o no t b e come invo lved in r e s erva t ion po l i t i c s ;
( c on t inued )
(2)
( 1 ) hi s per
tha t a l l ind ividua l s
�a p p ly ing for po s i t ions
invo lv ing Indian educa t i on be
Governor s o r t h e i r re pre s e n ta t ive s ;
and
(3)
s creened by
the
Tr ib a l
tha t t h e tribe be g iven t h e power
to fire incomp e t e n t people involved in Ind ian affair s .
La s t year we heard about
the pos s ib i l i ty of ge t t ing a Mod e l Scho o l program
for on e of the re s erva tion s cho o l s .
fede r a l money migh t b e go t ten .
and many p e o p l e were s en t
Now
learn tha t due
we
of money wi l l be very
runn ing i n Maine
to
It was hoped tha t as much as
A E SEA Ti t le
b u t w e would
to do the
sma l l and come
thi s year .
l ike
tha t if we g e t fund e d at a l l ,
out o f wha t
I r e a l i ze
is
l e f t over
the amoun t
from pro j e c t s
tha t the S t a t e h a s commi t ted i t s e l f
their need i s
W e have no d e s ir e to take money away from o t her s cho o l s
same for
f ar we have
in
to Ar izona t o view o t her Ind ian edu ca t ion pro j e c t s .
some mix-up
t o o'ther s c ho o l s which a lr e ady have programs , b u t w e que s t ion if
a s gre a t a s our s .
$ 1 2 5 > 000
III p lann ing gran t wa s ob tained
to s e e
some re s pon s e s
from our repre sen t a t ive s i n Washing ton
the Pa s s amaquoddy as was done for the whi te
schoo l s .
So
s e en t hem make no v igorous a t temp t s to he lp the Ind i an s of Maine .
We a s k t he p e o p l e of Maine
to t he ir r e pre s en t a t ives
Governor Cur t i s .
to suppor t us and to make
in Augu s ta ,
Thank you .
the ir opin ion s known
to our congr e s smen and senator s ,
and to
S incere ly ,
I sl
John S t evens
Governor John S tevens
Ind ian Town ship Re s erva t ion
I ND IAN AFFAIRS S TUDY COMMITTEE GETS DG!N TO BUSINE SS
A special
l e g i s l a t iv e j o in t commi t tee created to s tudy s t a te admin i s trat ion
o f Ind i an a f f a ir s held i t s f ir s t mee ting Thur sd ay and made plans
s io n s and a pub l i c hearin g .
S e n . B enne t t D .
Ka t z , R-Augu s t a ,
shown " ex t raord inary intere s t "
s t a t e depar tmen t cre a t e d i n
cha irman ,
said
the commi t tee has
in the prob lems of the Ind ians and o f the sma l l
1965
t o he l p the two t r ib e s w i th their prob lems .
The pane l was cre a t e d to f ind ou t
o ve r s pend ing i t s
the
for more s e s
for
the l eg i s l ature why
Ind ian we i fare a l lo tmen t s .
Kat z s a id pr e l iminary ind icat ions are
the depar tmen t i s
that " admin i s trat ion
is
loo s e •
•
•
bu t i t ' s a que s t ion more o f the need for add i t iona l s ta f f than o f any casual
a t t i tude" about money .
A f t e r t a lking w i th repre s en t a t iv e s of
Edward C .
Hin ck l ey ,
Maine has done in the pa s t
o f pride •
•
•
•
t he t r ib e s and w i t h Commi s s ioner
Ka t z s a id t he commi t tee con c lud ed there are "very few things
to give e i ther the Ind ian s or the s t a t e a s e n s e
no thing but cre a t e a ho ld ing ac tion •
•
•
which has drained t h e Indian
o f ini t ia t ive and enthu s ia sm for a produ c t ive l ife . "
Bu t he s a id
the work o f t he new d e par tment s eems to have produced
"a
g l immer o f l i f e " and t h a t educa t ion and hou s ing e f f or t s a r e having a not iceab l e
impa c t .
(From the Kenne b e c Journa l ,
2/ 2 1 / 6 9 )
PUBLIC INVITED T O INDIAN LEC TURE S
A s er ie s o f 3 l e c ture s from the Co lby Co l lege Adu l t Educa t ion Cour s e i n
" The Red Man ' s Burden , " w i l l be o p en to t h e genera l pub l i c .
there wil l be a d i s cu s s ion b e tween Mr . Wayne Newe l l , a Pa s s amaquoddy
and Mr . Duane B irdb e ar , a Mand an - Hid a t s a from North Dako t a , on the
I nd i an A f f a ir s ,
On March 3 ,
Ind i a n ,
v iews of young Ind ian s t oday .
The d if f erenc e s b e tween the b l a ck and Ind ian
c iv i l r i gh t s movement s w i l l b e touched upon .
Dr . W i l l ard Walker of We s le yan Univer s i ty w i l l l e c ture on the cul ture
And on e i ther Mar ch
Newe l l and o ther Maine Ind ians
The s e l e c t ure s
wi l l d i s c us s the s i tuat ion and reac tion s o f Maine Ind ian s today .
wi l l b e in Room 208 o f the Love j oy Bui ld ing at Co lby , un l e s s o t herw i s e announc ed .
and l anguage of
31
or Apr i l
7
t h e Pa s samaquoddy Ind ian s on March 1 7 th .
( f inal d a t e
to b e announced ) Mr .
�( 25 )
FUNDING OF I�IDIAN TRAINING COORDINATOR DELAYED
A F ebruary 1 9 th memorandum from Maine Emp loymen t Se cur i ty Commi s s ion
Chairman Jame s S choen tha ler to Pas s amaquoddy Tr ibal o f f i cia l s , ind ic a t e s tha t
fund s for an Ind ian Training Coord ina tor ' s po s i t ion on the Ind ian Township
Re servat ion have no t yet been ob tained .
nie po s i t ion of Ind ian Training Co ord inator was a key e l ement in las t
July ' s Memorandum of Under s tand ing b e tween the Ind ian s and o ff i c i a l s of the
Georgia-Pac i f i c Corpora t ion , re lat ive t o di spu t e s over the company ' s fores try
prac t i ce s on the Ind ian Township Re s ervat ion .
( See Ju ly ' 68 News l e t ter , page s
1 - 2 ; Augus t New s l e t ter , page s 1 1 - 1 3 . )
The agreement s p e c i f ied that " a t leas t one Ind ian experienced in pulpwood
harve s t ing w i l l be emp loyed as a Training Coord ina tor
" w i th the company pay
ing at leas t Federal minimum wages to the Coord inator and be ing re imbur sed with
Depar tment o f Labor fund s .
One of the main fun c t ions of the Coord inator was
to improve connnun ica tions bea�een Ind ian traine e s or employe e s and the company .
The MESC ob t ained the Amer ican Pulpwood Asso ciat ion as prime contractor
for t he spec ial fores try training and employmen t program which the agre ement
spe l led out , and training s tar ted on Sep tember 9, 1968 .
I t wasn ' t un t i l late
October tha t i t became known that no Ind ian Coord inator had been hired b e cau se
the APA c ontract permit ted on ly one d ay o f " superv i s ion" for every 7 trainee s ,
and at the t ime there were only 5 tra inee s enro l led in the program , plus 9
recru i t s who had been emp l oyed without any training being required .
A waiver wa s ob tained from the Dept . of Labor on this contractual re s tr i c
t ion and fo l l owing some more de lay s , recru i t ing f o r t h e po s i t ion conunenced ,
with the company interviewing 6 Ind ian app l i can t s for the po s t .
By this t ime , however , in early January , i t deve loped that the l a s t c l a s s
of trainee s w a s due t o complete the ir program on January 1 0 t h and that tpe APA
t o tal contract expired on February 7 th .
Ef for t s to ge t permis s ion from the
Depar tm.ent of Labor to re imbur s e the company for the Coord ina tor 1 s wag e s for
that one mon th period fai led , due to there being no trainees actua l ly enro l led
a f t er January 10th .
Effor t s made by Ind ian Affair s Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley
to obtain emergency fund s from the Labor Depar tmen t for the one month period
a l s o failed .
S choe n thaler ' s memo conc lude s by repor t ing that Hin ckley , on February 4th ,
submi t ted to the regional (Boston) office of the Labor Departmen t ' s Manpower
Admini s trat ion a formal pro j e c t propos al for fund s to re imbur se· the company for
On February 1 2t h , Hinckley
the Coordinator ' s po s i t ion for a one -year per iod .
was informed that the propo sal wou ld be forwarded to t he Manpower Admin i s trat ion
in Washing ton w i th a favorab l e r e connnendat ion regard ing i t s fund ing .
The
Manpower Admin i s trat ion in Washing ton has recen t ly e s tab l i shed an " Ind ian d e sk"
headed by Mr . D a l e Hing , h ims e l f an Indian .
Copie s o f the memorandum o f the 1 9 th were a l s o sent to o ther par t ie s t o
the July agre eme n t - t h e Pas s�maquoddy Connnuni ty Ac tion Program , t h e Georg ia
Pac i f i c Corporat ion , and the Roman Catho l i c D ioce sean Divis ion of Indian Service s
a s we l l as t o Governor Kenneth M . Cur t i s .
At pre s en t , two a l l - Ind ian 5 -man
f or e s try crew s are emp loyed on Ind ian Township .
•
•
•
NO INDICTMENTS
No ind i c tmen t s wer e r e turned by a Washing ton Coun ty grand j ury af t er
cons ider ing a l l egat ions o f police bru ta l i ty on Indians at the Pas samaquoddy
Pleasan t Poin t Re serv a t ion in Perry .
The grand j ury r o s e Monday a f t er cons id
ering this and o ther cas e s for four day s .
The s e s e s s ions are not pub l i c .
The grand j ury hearing on the po l ice mi s treatment complain t s was r e que s te d
At the time this w a s announced ,
by S ta t e Pol i ce Chie f Parker F . Henne s sey .
(Con t inued on Page 2 6 )
�( 26 )
(Con t inued from Pago 25 )
At torney General Jame s S . Erwin was quo ted as say ing , " Th i s wi l l be the be s t
way t o ge t this mat ter cleared u p one way o r the o ther . "
Several Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ians c l aim they were beaten or manhand led by
po l i c e at the r e s erva t ion af ter a brawl b e tween Ind ians and two po l i ce o f ficers
on a highway near the r e s erva t ion on Sep tember 3 , 196 7 .
F o l l owing the affray
on the h ighway , three car load s of s ta t e trooper s , deputy sher i f f s and ward ens
d e s cended on the re s erva tion in an a t tempt to round up Ind ian par t i c ipan t s .
Three Indians were convic ted and a four th pled gu i l ty to a var i e t y of charge s ,
inc lud ing a s s au l t , s t ennn i ng from the inc iden t .
Prev iou s ly Governor Kenne th M . Cur t i s had ordered the S t a t e Po l i ce to
inve s t igate charges of po l i ce mi sconduct in the case .
A pre l iminary repor t ,
based s o l e l y on the t e s t imony of police invo lved in the case , exonera ted their
behav ior .
Co l . Henne s sey s aid Tuesday that the pre l iminary repor t wi l l no t be the
f ina l word on �he sub j e c t from his de par tmen t .
He p lan s to confer with Gover
nor Cur t i s , the o ff icers invo lved , pr inc ipa l s in the Machias he aring and his
own inve s t iga tor s " to s ee what we can do to make this as c lear as po s s ib le . "
Tile Governor ' s Ta sk For ce on Human Righ t s re cen tly a s s er ted that Maine
Ind ians are sub j e c ted to " sy s tema t i c po lice harras smen t . "
(From the Maine Time s , 2 / 2 1 / 6 9 )
GOVERNOR ' S S PECIAL ME SSAGE O N EDUCATION
Governor Kenne th M. Cur t i s ' spe c i a l me s sage on education , pre sented to
1 04 th Leg i s l a ture on February 1 1 t h , con tains the f o l l owing s t atemen ts :
' To improve the Educ a t ion of Ind ian s on Re serva t ion s , I
have inc lud ed in the budge t recommended fund s for three
leaders to in i t iate a kindergar t en program on each re serva
Fund s are a l s o
t ion and a supervi sor o f Ind ian educa t ion .
inc luded to p a y f o r general evening s cho o l s a�d adu l t bas ic
In a separa te bond i s sue deal ing with
educ a ti on cour s e s .
Ind ian Af fair s , $ 1 2 5 , 000 is re que s ted to con s truc t f ive clas s
rooms .
I a l s o suppor t permi s s ive Leg i s la t i on to permi t the
Ind ian trib e s , if they d e s ire , to have commi t te e s of triba l
member s w i t h cer tain re spon s ibi l i t ie s o f local s choo l board s . "
The me s s age �l s o po in ted up the importance of several leg i s la t ive b i l l s whi ch
cou ld a l s o bene f i t Maine Indian s - one wou ld make kindergar ten programs man
datory , e f f e c t ive July 1 , 1 9 7 1 .
Ano ther woul d au thor ize the Commi s s ioner of
Educa t ion to approve b i - l ingual educat ional t e chn i ques in the e l emen tary grade s .
t he
LEGI SLATIVE NEW S
'IWO BILLS HEARD
Other than the D epar tment o f Indian Af f a ir s ' hearings b e fore the Appropr i
a t i on s Commi t te e ( o n i t s Par t I budge t and on an emergency reque s t for
$ 50 , 00 0 ) and the hearing of the 3 Hous ing Author i t ie s before the same Commi t tee ,
only two o ther Ind i an b i l l s have so far been heard thi s s e s s ion .
One o f the s e , L . D . 3 3 1 (An Ac t Appropr iat ing Fund s to Upd ate the Surveys
of Penob s co t Tr ib a l Land s ) was heard by the Appropr i a t ions Commi t tee on F ebruary
The Ac t reque s t s
1 1 th , f o l lowing the Ind ian Hou s ing Au thor i t ie s ' hear ings .
a n appropr ia t i on o f $ 5 , 000 t o the Fore s t Commi s s i oner t o "update the survey s
o f the Penob s c o t 'Tribal I s l and s in the Penob s co t River b e tween Old Town and
Mat t awamkeag for purpo s e s of c lar ify ing ind ividual t i t le s . "
A s imi lar reque s t
was �ede t o the 103rd Leg i s lature , but l o s t i n f iQal a c t ion on the Appropr iations
" tab le . "
Approve d by the Penob s co t Tr iba l Counci l , thi s b i l l was in troduced by
(Con t inued on Page 2 7 )
�(27)
( Continued from Page 26 )
Carey pointe4 out tha t normal
Repre senta t ive Ri chard Carey , D -Wa terv i l le .
practice is to "perambu late" town lines every 5 year s if they are no t "mom.,Jmen t
ed " and every 1 5 years i f they have markers ; in the case o f the Penob s c o t
land s , they have not b e e n re surveyed s ince 1 8 3 5 -3 9 .
I n response to que s t ion
ing by the Commi t tee as to whe ther $ 5 , 000 wou ld be a suf f icient amoun t for
the j ob , Ind ian Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley exp lained that it would be suf fic _ient to make a s tar t , par t icu l ar ly on Ind ian I s land and re lated to areas und er
con s id er a t ion now by the Tr ib a l Hous ing Authority for new home con s truc t ion and
for san i t a tion fac i l i tie s .
A number of tribal members cau t ioned the Commi t te e
that the Penob scot Tribe i s very " touchy" about land and t i t le ques tions , and
wondered if a survey wou ld be advisab le at thi s time .
Repre sent a t ive Carey
a l s o sugge s ted tha t a general survey of a l l the i s land s migh t we l l reveal tha t
some of them have d i s appeared as t he re su l t of increased water leve l s in the
Penob s c o t River , and sugge s ted that the Tribe should have thi s informa t ion in
case i t wi shed to make a c laim again s t the s t a te for dam�ge s .
At tha t point
I�
one of the trib a l members said with a laugh , "A c laim agains t the S ta t e ?
that cas e , I ' m in f avor of the survey . "
The o ther b i l l , L . D . 4 7 6 (An Ac t Re lating to Reg i s trat ion and Licen s ing
of Dogs on Ind ian Reserva t ion s ) was heard by the Legal Affairs Commit tee on
February 1 8 th .
Re que s ted by the Pleasant Point Tr iba l Counc i l , and spon sored
by Repre sent a t ive Kenne th Mi l l s , n �Eas tport , thi s b i l l wou ld g ive to the Ple a s
ant Point tr ibe the oppor tun i ty whi ch the Penob s co t s have had s ince 1 9 1 7 to
l i cense and reg i s ter dogs on the reservat ion .
The Commi t tee d i s cus sed 3 pos s ible amendmen ts to the word ing of the b i l l .
One would cons i s ten t ly make the law app licab le to a l l person s re s iding ,on the
2 re serva t ion s in que s t ion - not j u s t to tribal member s .
Ano ther wou ld , in
a c cordance with S ta te cu s tom , provide for a paymen t for spayed female dog s on
the s ame b a s i s as male dogs ( $ 1 . 2 5 ) ; the third wou ld provide for a 2 month ins te ad of a 1 month - per iod b e tween the dead line for reg i s t ra t ion and the
Commi s s ioner
i s suance o f warrant s to permit unregis tered dogs to be k i l led .
Hinckley s ta ted tha t he did no t be l ieve ei ther the Penob s c o t or Plea s ant Po int
Coun c i l s would ob j e c t to the se change s in the b i l l , but that he cou ld no t s ay
for sur e .
So far , ne i ther the Appropr ia t ions or the Legal Affairs Commi t tees have
repor ted on any of the Ind ian b i l l s which have been heard by them .
PLEASANT POINT NEVJS
Dana Al tva ter had a par ty to ce lebrate his 8 th b irthday on January 2 1 s t .
Hi s c la s smat e s he lped him c e l ebrat e .
Mr . Dunning , f ir s t s e l ec tman o f Jones por t , spoke on local government on
January 2 3rd a t the Tr ib a l Ha l l .
He explained how a town i s run through i t s
voted o f f i c ia l s .
The �P , wi th
Pre s en t were memb er s o f both reservat ion s .
the cooperat ion o f Mr s . Alyne Ward·, Pro j ec t D irector o f Adu l t Educa t ion , s e t
the mee t ing up .
Re fr eshmen t s were served af ter the mee t ing .
A cake s a l e s pon sored by the American Leg ion Auxi liary o f Eas tport was
held and condu c t ed by Margaret Mi t che l l ' at her home on January 2 6 t h .
Margaret
is a member o f the Aux i liary .
Pre s . Jeane t te Moore pre s ided over the busine s s mee t ing of the Women ' s
Club on January 2 7 th .
Plans were made to ho ld a cake sale s o we wou ld have
money in r e s erve to carry ou t our pro j e c t s , s ince our funds are �ather low .
The c lub has pur cha s ed remnan t s to make qui l t s .
An open inv i t a tion l°s ext ended
to a l l t he women , to j o in the c lub .
Refreshment were s erved and game s p l ayed
af ter the mee ting .
Jo s eph Nicho l a s , Melvin Franc i s , Sab a t i s Mi t che l l and Fred Fran c i s were
( Continued on Page 28 )
�( 28 )
(Con t inued from Page 2 7 )
among the member s o f the Knigh ts of Co lumbus o f E a s t port who were ins t a l l ed
as o f f icer s a t a j o int me e t ing with the S t . Cro ix Council of Ca lais on January
30th .
Every Mond ay even ing af ter the regu lar CCD c l as s e s of rel i gion by Fa ther
Ni cknair , the teenagers enjoy a live ly game of ping pong in the Tr ibal Hal l .
Mr s . Mary Cre igh ton , E l la Cre igh ton and Mr . Char l e s Newe l l o f Cambr�dge ,
Ma s s . were cal led home las t week due to the death o f their un cle Frank Newe l l ,
who d ied in a Cal a i s Ho s p i t a l on January 3 1 s t .
He had lived in Prince ton .
Among h i s re lat ive s here he leave s his mo ther , Mr s . E l i zabeth Lacoute , age 8 6 .
The v i t a l s t a t i s t ic s report l i s t s 3 7 2 people living on the r e s erva t ion
in 1 9 6 8 .
There have been four young men who €.n l i sted in the Mar ine s dur ing
the month of January .
They are Dale Mi t che l l , David Homan , Frederick Franc i s ,
Jr . and Reg ina ld S tanley .
They are s ta t ioned in Parr i s I s land in s . c . where
they wi l l comp l e te their b a s i c training .
Mr . and �r s . B i l l Ruper t , the VISTAs a s s igned to Plea sant Point , have
been furn i shed a car by t he S ta te for the durat ion of the ir s t ay .
Y s . Ruper t
ir
teache s the kindergar ten c l a s s which has 2 boys and 10 gir l s .
She
Mi s s Deanna Francis i s curren t ly emp loyed in San Franc i s co , Cal i f .
i s the daugh ter of Mr . and Y s . Frederick Francis .
�
George Fran c i s spent a few days in the Eas tport Ho spi t a l as a re su l t o f
t h e f lu .
H e i s f ine again and made a t r i p t o Augu s ta with our Governor thi s
week .
Gov . Eugene Francis l e f t for Augu s t a on February 5 th to at tend leg i s la
t ive mee t ings concerning the Hou s ing Au thority , of which he i s chairman .
Mr . �nd Mr s . Fran c i s Sap i e l are the proud paren t s o f a baby boy born on
February 3rd at the Ea s t port Memorial Hos p i ta l .
Th i s make s 9 children for
the Sapie l s .
Congratulat ions �re be ing ex tended to Mr . and Mr s . Raymond Moore on the
bir th o f a baby boy born on the same day .
Mrs . Mary S ap ie l was gue s t o f honor at a baby shower on Sund ay , February
9th , given by the Women ' s Club .
S i s ter Eugenio , S i s ter Beatrice and S i s ter
Oliver were t here as we l l as many o ther women from Pleasant Po int .
Mr s .
Sapiel rece ived many l ove ly gif t s , and af ter a l l had been opened , re fre shmen t s
were s erved .
(From The Quoddy Tid e s , Eas tpor t , 2 / 14 / 6 9 )
INDIAN EDUCATION PROGRAM WILL B E S TUD IED BY CURTIS
AUGUS TA - Gov . Kenneth M . Cur t i s w i l l mee t here Wedne sd ay with o ffi ci als
from the S tate Depar tmen t o f Education to d i s cu s s charge s by Pa s samaquoddy
Ind ians that the d epar tment is not conduc t ing a proper Ind ian education program .
The governor me t w i th members of the adv i s ory board of the Divis ion
o f ' Ind ian Service s and Tr ibal Governor s and Leg i s lative Repre sentatives Tue s
At the conclus ion of the mee t ing
d ay af ternoon t o d i s cu s s the same sub j e c t .
in h i s o f f i c e , Cur t i s promi s e d the group he would take the mat ter up with
educat ion d epar tment o � f i c ia l s .
In an open le t ter Monday to the c i t i zens of Maine from Pa s s amaquoddy
Gpvernor John w. S teven s o f Indian Town ship (see page s 2 2 - 24 , this i s su e ) a pproved by the adv -i sory group at an Old Town mee t ing - S tevens charged that
the d epar tmen t "has not hand led re spons ib l y money meant for Ind ian educat ion . "
we
He charged tha t Indians have been mi s l ead and " forced t o d o things
He fur the r said that federal monies have e i t her been
d id no t w i s h to do . • • "
mis spen t or unp s en t , and promis ed r e s ervat ion s cho o l s have shrunk to l e s s er
s tructur e s than or ig inal ly contemp l a t ed , and that one depar tmen t - s anct ioned
worker has "medd led in tr ib al po l i ti c s . "
The New s le t ter und er s tand s that
(From the Bangor Dai ly News , 2 / 2 6 / 6 9 .
s en t to the Maine Congre s s ional d e leg·"ltcs )
copies of Gov . S t even s ' le t ter have b een _
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Feb. 1969)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1969-02
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-455